ORCID Profile
0000-0002-0340-0443
Current Organisations
Telethon Kids Institute
,
Curtin University
,
University of Gondar
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Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 22-04-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2008
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.1002/CMR.B.20075
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 27-03-2021
DOI: 10.1155/2021/6636043
Abstract: Background. Anemia among severely malnourished children is a double burden that could make the treatment outcome of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) more unfavorable. The burden and the factors are, however, uncovered among children in the Amhara region. Therefore, the study was aimed at determining the prevalence of anemia and identifying contributing factors in severely malnourished children aged between 0 and 59 months admitted to the treatment centers of the Amhara region referral hospitals. Methods. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted that included 1,301 infants and children, who developed SAM and were admitted to the three referral hospitals of the Amhara region. Data were extracted using a data extraction checklist. The binary logistic regression analysis was employed to show an association between the dependent and independent variables. Multicollinearity was assessed using the variance inflation factor (VIF) and no problem was detected (overall VIF = 1.67). The presence of association was declared based on the p -value (≤0.05), and the adjusted odds ratio with its respective 95% confidence interval was used to report the direction, as well as the strength of association. Results. About 41.43% (95% CI: 38.78%–44.13%) of severely malnourished infants and children have developed anemia, of which around half (47%) of them were under six months old. Rural residence (AOR = 1.56 95% CI: 1.14–2.12) and HIV infection (AOR = 2.00 95% CI: 1.04–3.86) were significantly associated with higher odds of anemia. Furthermore, being exclusively breastfed (AOR = 0.57 95% CI 0.39–0.83) remarkably reduced the likelihood of anemia. Conclusions. This data confirms that anemia among severely malnourished infants and children is a public health problem in the Amhara region. Infants younger than six months were at a higher risk of anemia. Being a rural resident and contracting HIV infection have elevated the occurrence of anemia, whereas being exclusively breastfed decreased the risk. Therefore, the study gives an insight to policymakers and planners to strengthen the existing exclusive breastfeeding practice. Strategies being practiced to prevent HIV transmission and early detection, as well as treatment, should also be strengthened. Furthermore, mothers/caretakers of infants and children residing in the rural areas deserve special attention through delivering nutrition education.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-2021
DOI: 10.2147/RMHP.S296796
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 15-05-2023
DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0285404
Abstract: Multidrug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB) are major public health threats that are significant causes of physical sequelae and financial consequences for infected people. Treatment for MDR- and XDR-TB are more toxic and take longer duration than for drug-susceptible-TB. As a result, the long-term sequelae are thought to be more common among patients with MDR- and XDR-TB than drug-susceptible-TB, but this is yet to be quantified. Hence, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to quantify the global burden and types of long-term physical sequelae and financial burden associated with both MDR- and XDR-TB. We will search CINHAL, MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Web of science for studies that report physical and financial sequelae associated with rif icin-resistant (RR), MDR- and XDR-TB or their treatments. The search will be conducted without time, language, and place restrictions. A random-effects meta-analysis will be conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of each physical sequela. Heterogeneity will be measured using the Higgins I 2 statistics. We will assess publication bias visually using the funnel plot and statistically using Egger’s test. Adjustments for publication basis will be made using Tweedie’s and Duval Trim and Fill analysis. Since the study is based on published evidence, ethics approval is not required. The findings of the systematic review will be presented at various conferences and will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. The protocol is published in the PROSPERO with registration number CRD42021250909 .
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S345619
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 28-04-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2005
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 12-2009
DOI: 10.1021/NN900996P
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 12-2021
DOI: 10.2147/HIV.S343243
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2003
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2008
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 12-2020
DOI: 10.2147/PHMT.S290715
Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC
Date: 20-12-2019
Abstract: Introduction: Under-five mortality is a key indicator of countries’ developmental status. Even though remarkable declines in under-five mortality rates, nearly 5.6 million children still die annually worldwide before their fifth birthday. The 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) report revealed that 67 children per 1,000 live births died before the fifth birthday. This study was aimed at determining factors affecting under-five mortality in Ethiopia using EDHS, 2016.Methods: The data was retrieved from the EDHS 2016. A total weighted number of 11,023 under-five children were included in this study. Descriptive statistics were done and reported using tables, graphs, and texts. The multilevel negative binomial regression model was fitted to identify significant factors of under-five mortality. Adjusted Incidence rate (AIRR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and p-value .05 in the multivariable model were reported. The goodness of fit was checked using the deviance test.Results: Mother attained higher education (AIRR=0.25, 95% CI: 0.10-0.66) female-headed household (AIRR=1.32, 95%CI:1.05-1.66) age of household head (AIRR=1.07, 95%CI: 1.03,1.11) preceding birth interval ≥48 months (AIRR=0.51, 95%CI: 0.42-0.61) child’s had history of diarrhea (AIRR=1.23, 95% CI:1.08-1.41) multiple birth type (AIRR=1.80, 95% CI:1.34-2.42) mothers delivered in health facility (IRR=0.86, 95% CI:0.73,0.94), residents of Addis Ababa (AIRR=0.52, 95%CI: 0.28-0.98), and Amhara region (AIRR=1.43, 95%CI: 1.09, 1.88) were statistically significant factors to under-five mortality in Ethiopia.Conclusion: In this study, under-five mortality remains a public health problem in Ethiopia. Mothers education level, women delivered at health institution, preceding birth interval 24-35 and ≥48, and residents of Addis Ababa have reduced the incidence of under-five mortality. On the other hand, being a female household head, age of mother at first giving birth, being employment, having multiple births and having childhood diarrhea was associated with a higher incidence of under-five mortality. This finding suggests that enhancing opportunities to female education, addressing regional disparities, and encouraging mothers to deliver at health institutions will help to combat the burden of under-five mortality. Keywords: Under-five mortality, negative binomial, multilevel analysis, Ethiopia
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 23-06-2022
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-10-2020
DOI: 10.1186/S40985-020-00137-2
Abstract: Dietary ersity is defined as the number of food groups or items consumed over a reference period, and usually, it is a problem in developing countries including Ethiopia. Inadequate dietary ersity is one of a major public health problem and can result in physical, emotional, and psychological changes among adolescents. However, studies on dietary ersity among school children were very limited. Hence, this study aimed at determining dietary ersity practices and factors among adolescents in Dembia district. A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1 to April 15, 2017, at Dembia district, northwest Ethiopia. A total of 474 study subjects were selected using the multi-stage s ling technique. A structured and pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect the data. Dietary ersity was measured through standard tool adopted from Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance (FANTA) 2016 using the 24-h recall method. A multivariable binary logistic regression model was employed to identify factors associated with a ersified diet. This study illustrated that 32.3% (95% CI 27.9–36.8) of the adolescents had adequate dietary ersity. Inadequate dietary ersity was significantly associated with being Muslim (AOR = 0.3 95% CI 0.1–0.7), self-employment (AOR = 0.3 95% CI 0.1–0.9), middle (AOR = 0.5 95% CI 0.3–0.8) and high wealth category (AOR = 0.3 95% CI 0.2–0.6), and underweight (AOR = 3.5 95% CI 1.3–9.5). The findings of this study showed that only one-third of adolescent girls have adequate dietary ersity. Low level of dietary ersification suggested points to the need for strengthening efforts targeting to improve the healthy dietary practice of adolescents by giving due attention to poor households and undernourished adolescents.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-03-2005
DOI: 10.1002/MRM.20456
Abstract: The human lung and its functions are extremely sensitive to gravity however, the conventional high-field magnets used for most laser-polarized (3)He MRI of the human lung restrict subjects to lying horizontally. Imaging of human lungs using inhaled laser-polarized (3)He gas is demonstrated in an open-access very-low-magnetic-field (<5 mT) MRI instrument. This prototype device employs a simple, low-cost electromagnet, with an open geometry that allows variation of the orientation of the imaging subject in a two-dimensional plane. As a demonstration, two-dimensional lung images were acquired with 4-mm in-plane resolution from a subject in two orientations: lying supine and sitting in a vertical position with one arm raised. Experience with this prototype device will guide optimization of a second-generation very-low-field imager to enable studies of human pulmonary physiology as a function of subject orientation.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 10-2020
DOI: 10.2147/RMHP.S277846
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 25-08-2020
Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC
Date: 18-06-2020
Abstract: Background: Globally, tuberculosis (TB) is the 10 th leading cause of death. Despite no country achieved its target, the world health organization (WHO) proposed a 90-90-90 approach to fastening the end TB strategy. Improvement and progression of TB control need good knowledge and a favorable attitude towards the disease. However, interventions designed don’t take migrants and seasonal farmworkers into account. Therefore, this study aimed at estimating the level of knowledge and attitude on Tuberculosis among migrant and seasonal farmworkers in northwest Ethiopia. Methods: Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the West Gondar zone from October to November 2018. A two-stage cluster s ling was used to select 949 migrant and seasonal farmworkers. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. A p-value of .05 was used to declare statistical significance. The goodness of fit was checked using Hosmer and Lemeshow test. Results: In this study, (41.8%), (95% CI: 38.73, 45.01) and (50.5%), (95% CI: 47.29, 53.65) of migrants and seasonal farmworkers had good knowledge and a favorable attitude, respectively. The odds of good knowledge among mass media exposed migrants were AOR=1.42, 95% CI: (1.02, 2.01). Moreover, urban residence and having good knowledge increase the odds of favorable attitude by 1.66, (AOR=1.7 95% CI: 1.05, 2.62) and 4.3 (AOR=4.3, 95%CI: 3.26, 5.75), respectively. Conclusion: In this study, the overall knowledge and attitude of migrant and seasonal farmworkers on TB were low. Family size and mass media exposure significantly affect knowledge of the migrants on TB. On the other hand, the attitude was affected by urban residence, health information, and having good knowledge. Health promotion interventions, focused on TB cause, mode of transmission, prevention, and treatment are important to migrant and seasonal farmworkers to improve the knowledge and attitude of migrants and seasonal farmworkers.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2023
Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC
Date: 22-01-2020
Abstract: Background Globally, tuberculosis (TB) is the 9 th leading cause of death. Despite no country achieved its target, the world health organization (WHO) proposed a 90-90-90 approach to fastening the end TB strategy. Improvement and progression of TB control need good knowledge and a favorable attitude towards the disease. However, interventions designed don’t take migrants and seasonal farmworkers into account. Therefore, this study aimed at estimating the level of knowledge and attitude on Tuberculosis among migrant and seasonal farmworkers in northwest Ethiopia. Methods Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the West Gondar zone from October to November 2018. A two-stage cluster s ling was used to select 949 migrant and seasonal farmworkers. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. A p-value of .05 was used to declare statistical significance. The goodness of fit was checked using Hosmer and Lemeshow test. Results In this study, (41.8%), (95% CI: 38.73, 45.01) and (50.5%), (95% CI: 47.29, 53.65) of migrants and seasonal farmworkers had good knowledge and a favorable attitude, respectively. The odds of good knowledge among mass media exposed migrants were AOR=1.42, 95% CI: (1.02, 2.01). Moreover, urban residence and having good knowledge increase the odds of favorable attitude by 1.66, (AOR=1.7 95% CI: 1.05, 2.62) and 4.3 (AOR=4.3, 95%CI: 3.26, 5.75), respectively. Conclusion In this study, the overall knowledge and attitude of migrant and seasonal farmworkers on TB were low. Family size and mass media exposure significantly affect knowledge of the migrants on TB. On the other hand, the attitude was affected by urban residence, health information, and having good knowledge. Health promotion interventions, focused on TB cause, mode of transmission, prevention, and treatment are important to migrant and seasonal farmworkers to improve the knowledge and attitude of migrants and seasonal farmworkers.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 04-2021
DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S300814
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 12-2020
DOI: 10.2147/RRTM.S286212
Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC
Date: 05-08-2020
Abstract: Background: Globally, tuberculosis (TB) is the 10 th leading cause of death. Despite no country achieved its target, the world health organization (WHO) proposed a 90-90-90 approach to fastening the end TB strategy. Improvement and progression of TB control need good knowledge and a favorable attitude towards the disease. However, interventions designed don’t take migrants and seasonal farmworkers into account. Therefore, this study aimed at estimating the level of knowledge and attitude on Tuberculosis among migrant and seasonal farmworkers in northwest Ethiopia. Methods: Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the West Gondar zone from October to November 2018. A two-stage cluster s ling was used to select 949 migrant and seasonal farmworkers. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. A p-value of .05 was used to declare statistical significance. The goodness of fit was checked using Hosmer and Lemeshow test. Results: In this study, (41.8%), (95% CI: 38.73, 45.01) and (50.5%), (95% CI: 47.29, 53.65) of migrants and seasonal farmworkers had good knowledge and a favorable attitude, respectively. The odds of good knowledge among mass media exposed migrants were AOR=1.42, 95% CI: (1.02, 2.01). Moreover, urban residence and having good knowledge increase the odds of favorable attitude by 1.66, (AOR=1.7 95% CI: 1.05, 2.62) and 4.3 (AOR=4.3, 95%CI: 3.26, 5.75), respectively. Conclusion: In this study, the overall knowledge and attitude of migrant and seasonal farmworkers on TB were low. Family size and mass media exposure significantly affect knowledge of the migrants on TB. On the other hand, the attitude was affected by urban residence, health information, and having good knowledge. Health promotion interventions, focused on TB cause, mode of transmission, prevention, and treatment are important to migrant and seasonal farmworkers to improve the knowledge and attitude of migrants and seasonal farmworkers.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 04-2022
DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S351076
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 07-06-2021
DOI: 10.1155/2021/6082506
Abstract: Introduction. Globally, work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) have resulted in occupational disability and injury. Of these, restaurant workers are among the high-risk professionals usually affected by WMSDs. In Ethiopia, evidence on the burden of musculoskeletal disorder and contributing factors among restaurant workers were very limited. Therefore, this study was aimed at assessing the prevalence of self-reported WMSDs and contributing factors among restaurant workers in Gondar city, northwest Ethiopia, 2020. Methods. An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2020 to March 2020 among restaurant workers in Gondar city. A two-stage s ling technique was used to choose 633 study subjects. A structured Nordic questioner was used to collect the data. Data was entered into EpiData version 3.1 and exported to Stata version 14.0 for analysis. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were computed. An adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was used to measure the association between WMSDs and independent variables. In the multivariable analysis, a P value of .05 was used to declare a statistically significant association. To check the goodness of fit, the Hosmer and Lemeshow test was used. Results. The prevalence of WMSDs among restaurant workers in the past 12 months was 81.5% [95% CI (78.18–84.44)]. Attending primary education [AOR: 2.14, 95% CI (1.17–3.90)], attending secondary education [AOR: 1.71 (1.02–2.86)], and job satisfaction [AOR: 1.90, 95%CI (1.13–3.19)] were significantly associated with WMSDs. Conclusion. In this study, the prevalence of WMSDs among restaurant workers was high. The upper back, lower back, elbow, and wrist were the most affected body parts. Age above 30 years, educational status being primary and secondary, and being dissatisfied by their job were positively associated with a high prevalence of WMSDs.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 07-2022
DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S372351
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2005
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 10-2021
DOI: 10.2147/RMHP.S323503
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-2021
DOI: 10.2147/HIV.S291872
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-2021
DOI: 10.2147/NDS.S314411
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.MIDW.2017.05.006
Abstract: pregnant women, like all competent adults, have the right to refuse medical treatment, although concerns about maternal and fetal safety can make doing so problematic. Empirical research about refusal of recommended maternity care has mostly described the attitudes of clinicians, with women's perspectives notably absent. feminist thematic analysis of in-depth, semi-structured interviews with women's (n=9), midwives' (n=12) and obstetricians' (n=9) about their experiences of refusal of recommended maternity care. three major interrelated themes were identified. "Valuing the woman's journey", encapsulated care experiences that women valued and clinicians espoused, while "The clinician's line in the sand" reflected the bounded nature of support for maternal autonomy. When women's birth intentions were perceived by clinicians to transgress their line in the sand, a range of strategies were reportedly used to convince the woman to accept recommended care. These strategies formed a pattern of "Escalating intrusion". declining recommended care situated women at the intersection of two powerful normative discourses: medical dominance and the patriarchal institution of motherhood. Significant pressures on women's autonomy resulted from an apparent gap between clinicians' espoused and reported practices. Implications for policy and practice include a need for specific guidance for clinicians providing care in situations of maternal refusal, the potential value of an independent third-party for advice and advocacy, and the development of models that support reflexive practice amongst clinicians.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-2020
DOI: 10.2147/BCTT.S260341
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-08-2020
DOI: 10.1186/S12879-020-05316-9
Abstract: Globally, tuberculosis (TB) is the 10th leading cause of death. Despite no country achieved its target, the world health organization (WHO) proposed a 90–90-90 approach to fastening the end TB strategy. Improvement and progression of TB control need good knowledge and a favorable attitude towards the disease. However, interventions designed don’t take migrants and seasonal farmworkers into account. Therefore, this study aimed at estimating the level of knowledge and attitude on Tuberculosis among migrant and seasonal farmworkers in northwest Ethiopia. Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the West Gondar zone from October to November 2018. A two-stage cluster s ling was used to select 949 migrant and seasonal farmworkers. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. A p -value of 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance. The goodness of fit was checked using Hosmer and Lemeshow test. In this study, (41.8%), (95% CI: 38.73, 45.01) and (50.5%), (95% CI: 47.29, 53.65) of migrants and seasonal farmworkers had good knowledge and a favorable attitude, respectively. The odds of good knowledge among mass media exposed migrants were AOR = 1.42, 95% CI: (1.02, 2.01). Moreover, urban residence and having good knowledge increase the odds of favorable attitude by 1.66, (AOR = 1.7 95% CI: 1.05, 2.62) and 4.3 (AOR = 4.3, 95%CI: 3.26, 5.75), respectively. In this study, the overall knowledge and attitude of migrant and seasonal farmworkers on TB were low. Family size and mass media exposure significantly affect knowledge of the migrants on TB. On the other hand, the attitude was affected by urban residence, health information, and having good knowledge. Health promotion interventions, focused on TB cause, mode of transmission, prevention, and treatment are important to migrant and seasonal farmworkers to improve the knowledge and attitude of migrants and seasonal farmworkers.
No related grants have been discovered for Temesgen Yihunie Akalu.