ORCID Profile
0000-0002-2327-4261
Current Organisations
Southern Illinois University School of Medicine
,
Liverpool Hospital
,
Illinois State Museum
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Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-07-2013
DOI: 10.1038/ONC.2012.264
Abstract: Despite the established role of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) as a growth inhibitor in vitro, a high level of IGFBP-3 in breast tumor tissue is associated with the stimulation of xenograft growth in mice and poor prognosis in patients. To understand the contribution of IGFBP-3 to breast cancer progression, tandem affinity purification was used to identify novel interacting proteins. The endoplasmic reticulum protein, glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), was shown to bind to IGFBP-3, confirmed by colocalization, coimmunoprecipitations, glutathione S-transferase (GST) pulldowns and a nanomolar binding affinity. GST pulldowns also indicated that the GRP78 ATPase domain mediated the interaction with IGFBP-3. The critical roles of GRP78 in the unfolded protein response and macroautophagy led to an investigation of possible links between IGFBP-3, GRP78 and cellular stress responses. IGFBP-3 was found to stimulate the survival of breast cancer cells subjected to glucose starvation and hypoxia. Pharmacological inhibitors and small interfering RNA knockdown established that the increased survival of IGFBP-3-expressing cells was dependent on an intact autophagy response, as well as GRP78. The contribution of autophagy was confirmed by the demonstration that IGFBP-3 expression increases both the formation of autophagic puncta and flux through the system. In conclusion, we have shown that IGFBP-3 stimulates autophagy and thereby promotes the survival of breast cancer cells exposed to conditions that represent the adverse microenvironments encountered by solid tumor cells in vivo.
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-96376-7_2
Abstract: Melanoma gave science a window into the role immune evasion plays in the development of malignancy. The entire spectrum of immune focused anti-cancer therapies has been subjected to clinical trials in this disease, with limited success until the immune checkpoint blockade era. That revolution launched first in melanoma, heralded a landscape change throughout cancer that continues to reverberate today.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-08-2015
DOI: 10.1111/DMCN.12882
Abstract: We performed the first study on the perceived benefit and adverse effects of symptomatic management in children with anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis. A retrospective chart review was undertaken at two tertiary paediatric hospitals in Australia and New Zealand. We included 27 children (12 males, 15 females mean age at admission 7y 1mo) with anti-NMDAR antibodies in serum or cerebrospinal fluid with a typical clinical syndrome. Only two out of 27 patients were white, whereas 16 out of 27 patients were from the Pacific Islands/New Zealand Maori. The mean duration of admission was 69 days (10-224d) and 48% of patients (13/27) needed treatment in an intensive care setting. A mean of eight medications per patient was used for symptomatic management. Symptoms treated were agitation (n=25), seizures (n=24), movement disorders (n=23), sleep disruption (n=17), psychiatric symptoms (n=10), and dysautonomia (n=four). The medications used included five different benzodiazepines (n=25), seven anticonvulsants (n=25), eight sedatives and sleep medications (n=23), five antipsychotics (n=12), and five medications for movement disorders (n=10). Sedative and sleep medications other than benzodiazepines were the most effective, with a mean benefit of 67.4% per medication and a mean adverse effect-benefit ratio of 0.04 per medication. Antipsychotic drugs were used for a short duration (median 9d), and had the poorest mean benefit per medication of 35.4% and an adverse effect-benefit ratio of 2.0 per medication. Long-acting benzodiazepines, anticonvulsants, and clonidine can treat multiple symptoms. Patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis appear vulnerable to antipsychotic-related adverse effects. Pacific Islanders appear to have a vulnerability to anti-NMDAR encephalitis in our region.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 12-02-2015
DOI: 10.1093/NDT/GFV009
Abstract: People with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have an increased risk of stroke but the magnitude of increased risk and the independent effects of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and albuminuria are unclear. We aimed to quantify the association between the independent and combined effects of GFR and albuminuria on stroke risk. We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE (February 2014) for cohort studies or randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which reported stroke incidence in adults with a baseline measurement of GFR and/or albuminuria. We extracted study and participant characteristics, risk of bias and relative risks (RR, with confidence interval CI) of stroke associated with GFR and/or quantity of albuminuria, synthesized data using random effects meta-analysis and explored heterogeneity using meta-regression. We identified 83 studies 63 cohort studies (2 085 225 participants) and 20 RCTs (168 516 participants) reporting 30 392 strokes. There was an inverse linear relationship between GFR and risk of stroke, with risk of stroke increasing 7% (RR: 1.07, CI: 1.04-1.09) for every 10 mL/min/1.73 m(2) decrease in GFR. A 25 mg/mmol increase in albumin-creatinine ratio was associated with a 10% increased risk of stroke (RR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.01-1.20). The effect of albuminuria was independent of GFR. Results were not different across subtypes of stroke, sex and varying prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors. Stroke risk increases linearly and additively with declining GFR and increasing albuminuria. CKD staging may also be a useful clinical tool for identifying people who may benefit most from interventions to reduce cardiovascular risk.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2012
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-2021
DOI: 10.1111/AJCO.13682
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-11-2018
DOI: 10.1111/EEN.12702
Location: United States of America
Location: Australia
Location: United States of America
Location: United States of America
No related grants have been discovered for Martin Hong.