ORCID Profile
0000-0002-0485-8683
Current Organisation
University of Melbourne
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Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 11-2017
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 19-02-2021
Publisher: Naif Arab University for Security Sciences
Date: 06-2018
Publisher: PeerJ
Date: 07-10-2020
DOI: 10.7717/PEERJ.10065
Abstract: Unmet need is the gap between women’s need and their practice of using contraception. Unmet need for contraception in female adolescents and women in Cambodia is a public health concern which may lead to unintended pregnancies or abortions that can contribute to maternal morbidity and mortality. Bronfenbrenner’s Social Ecological Model was used as a theoretical framework to analyze data from the 2014 Cambodian Demographic and Health Survey to ascertain demographic and social factors potentially associated with unmet need for contraception. Bivariate and weighted multiple logistic regression analyses with adjusted odds ratios (AOR) were conducted for 4,823 Cambodian, sexually active females aged 15–29 years. The percentage of unmet need for contraception was 11.7%. At the in idual level of the Social Ecological Model, there was an increased likelihood of unmet need in adolescent girls 15–19 years and women 20–24 years. Unmet need was decreased in currently employed women. At the microenvironment level, there was an increased likelihood of unmet need with the husband’s desire for more children and when the decision for a woman’s access to healthcare was made by someone else in the household. At the macroenvironment level, unmet need was decreased in women who could access a health facility near their residence to obtain medical care. There were no urban rural differences found in the Cambodian s le population. Unmet need for contraception in Cambodian females adolescents and women is associated with younger age, unemployment and low personal autonomy for accessing healthcare but not with education or wealth status. There is a need to implement culturally appropriate reproductive and sexual health literacy programs to increase access to modern contraception and to raise women’s autonomy.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 19-10-0027
Abstract: Background: Unintended pregnancies in Cambodian youth are a major reproductive health concern with detrimental personal and socioeconomic consequences. A social ecological model was used to identify sociodemographic factors potentially associated with unintended pregnancies, and an analysis of data from the 2014 Cambodian Demographic and Health Survey was used to determine associations. Methods: Weighted data were analysed using multiple logistic regression analyses for 3406 Cambodian sexually active single, in union or married females aged 15–29 years. Results: The prevalence of unintended pregnancy was 12.3%. Unintended pregnancy was significantly associated with younger age groups (15–24 years), multiparity, history of abortion, and current use of modern contraceptive methods. All women had an increased likelihood of unintended pregnancy when the husband alone or someone else in the household made decisions about their access to healthcare. Conclusion: The burden of unintended pregnancies is associated with young age, multiparity, history of abortions, unemployment, and low autonomy for accessing healthcare. Multi-pronged, holistic reproductive and sexual health program interventions are needed to increase literacy and accessibility to modern contraception and to raise awareness about women’s health and status in Cambodia.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 03-2020
Abstract: There is an increase in risky sexual behavior (RSB) in Cambodian female youth aged 10 to 24 years, which can contribute to detrimental sexual and reproductive health due to the increased risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections, unintended pregnancies, or abortions. Bronfenbrenner’s social ecological model was used to identify factors at personal, microenvironment, and macroenvironment levels potentially associated with RSB. A systematic literature review employing PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines was conducted to search 8 databases for articles published between 1994 and 2019. A risk of bias tool was applied for methodological quality of the 4 included studies. RSB is associated with multiple factors including sexual debut at young age, alcohol and substance abuse, multiple partners, living away from parents or orphan status, peer delinquency, non-use of condoms by partners, transactional sex, low education and socioeconomic status, and no access to sexual and reproductive health services. Multipronged preventive strategies operating at different levels are recommended in terms of including sex education and increasing reproductive health literacy programs at the schools and community programs for safe sex, condom use and sexual negotiation skills, and access to modern contraceptive methods.
Publisher: Sciencedomain International
Date: 10-01-2015
Publisher: BiomedGrid LLC
Date: 24-08-2020
Publisher: American Physiological Society
Date: 03-2013
Abstract: There can be no single best way of learning, and each teaching mode has its own merits and demerits. Didactic lectures in and of themselves are insufficient, whereas a problem-based tutorial alone can be as ineffective. This study was conducted to determine if a problem-based review after didactic lectures would lead to better student performance. To compare performance, the same student group was taught three units of endocrinology (growth hormone, thyroid hormone, and diabetes). Students were ided into the following three groups: diabetes didactic lectures only, growth hormone didactic lectures plus review, and thyroid hormone didactic lectures plus review. All three topics were covered in the didactic lectures, but only growth hormone and thyroid hormone topics were covered in the review session. At the end of the course, all students were given formative assessments in the form of multiple-choice questions. A highly significant increase ( P 0.000) in the percentage of correct responses on the questions covering growth hormone (mean: 0.838, SD: 0.158) and thyroid hormone (mean: 0.686, SD: 0.232) compared with diabetes (mean: 0.478, SD: 0.259) was observed. In conclusion, this study provides further evidence that the combination of didactic lectures and an active review session leads to an improvement in student performance.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 12-11-2020
DOI: 10.3390/SEXES1010005
Abstract: (1) Background: Women using unreliable traditional contraception need to be included in the proportion of women having an ‘unmet need for modern contraception’ instead of the current classification which presumes they have a ‘met need’. (2) Methods: Mix methods research design comprising initial quantitative analyses utilizing data from the nationally representative 2014 Cambodian Demographic and Health Survey (CDHS) for 4823 Cambodian, sexually active females aged 15–29 years. Then a qualitative phase explored knowledge about the menstrual cycle and misconceptions about modern contraception with 30 females aged 15–29 years in urban Cambodia using semi-structured interviews, transcribed verbatim with quality checks. Purposive and snowball s ling strategies were used until data saturation was reached. Inductive thematic data analysis was conducted (3) Results: Unmet need for modern contraception increased to 25.4% when traditional contraception users were included. The qualitative themes show women have a lack of information about the menstrual cycle and misconceptions about modern contraception which contributed to increased use of traditional contraception (4) Conclusion: Major drivers of increased unmet need for modern contraception include lack of literacy, misconceptions and low autonomy to choose modern contraception. Cambodia needs to endorse a policy shift to implement targeted, countrywide sexual and reproductive health literacy and family planning services.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 06-2018
DOI: 10.1097/GME.0000000000001052
Abstract: Intravaginal testosterone has emerged as a potential treatment for vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) in women, in general, and women taking an aromatase inhibitor (AI). A systematic review of the literature was undertaken to determine whether available clinical trial data support efficacy and safety of intravaginal testosterone for the treatment of VVA. Scopus, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched on July 26, 2017, for human studies published in English of clinical trials of intravaginal testosterone. Six separate clinical trials were identified that ranged in size from 10 to 80 participants, with either single dose, or durations of 4 to 12 weeks. Only one study incorporated a double-blind design. Three studies were of women taking an AI. Taken together, the studies suggest that intravaginal testosterone may lower vaginal pH, increase the proportion of vaginal lactobacilli, and possibly improve the vaginal maturation index. The lack of a placebo treatment in four studies, and failure to adjust for baseline differences, resulted in uncertainty of the effect on sexual function. Safety remains uncertain because of the small number of women exposed, short study durations, and inconsistent and incomplete outcome reporting for sex steroid levels. Adequately powered double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials of intravaginal testosterone therapy are needed to establish both efficacy and safety.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 08-07-2023
DOI: 10.1177/02692163231186177
Abstract: Despite global support, there remain gaps in the integration of early palliative care into cancer care. The methods of implementation whereby evidence of benefits of palliative care is translated into practice deserve attention. To identify implementation frameworks utilised in integrated palliative care in hospital-based oncology services and to describe the associated enablers and barriers to service integration. Systematic review with a narrative synthesis including qualitative, mixed methods, pre-post and quasi experimental designs following the guidance by the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (PROSPERO registration CRD42021252092). Six databases searched in 2021: EMBASE, EMCARE, APA PsycINFO, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and Ovid MEDLINE searched in 2023. Included were qualitative or quantitative studies, in English language, involving adults years, and implementing hospital-based palliative care into cancer care. Critical appraisal tools were used to assess the quality and rigour. Seven of the 16 studies explicitly cited the use of frameworks including those based on RE-AIM, Medical Research Council evaluation of complex interventions and WHO constructs of health service evaluation. Enablers included an existing supportive culture, clear introduction to the programme across services, adequate funding, human resources and identification of advocates. Barriers included a lack of communication with the patients, caregivers, physicians and palliative care team about programme goals, stigma around the term ‘palliative’, a lack of robust training, or awareness of guidelines and undefined staff roles. Implementation science frameworks provide a method to underpin programme development and evaluation as palliative care is integrated within the oncology setting.
Publisher: American Physiological Society
Date: 06-2015
Abstract: Cognitive psychology has demonstrated that the way knowledge is structured in memory determines the ability to retain, recall, and use it to solve problems. The method of loci (MOL) is a mnemonic device that relies on spatial relationships between “loci” (e.g., locations on a familiar route or rooms in a familiar building) to arrange and recollect memorial content. In the present study, we hypothesized that the use of MOL leads to better understanding of the topic among students, which can be observed through better student performance on assessments. Students were ided into two groups: group 1 was taught insulin and diabetes mellitus through didactic lectures and a self-directed learning session, whereas group 2 was taught insulin and diabetes mellitus through didactic lectures and MOL. Memory palaces for insulin and diabetes mellitus were generated by students under supervision of the teacher and taught by students as well. A questionnaire survey and open-ended questions were given to the participants. Group 2, which underwent didactic lectures followed by a MOL interactive session, showed significantly improved performance on the assessments compared with group 1, which had been taught through didactic lectures and a self-directed learning session. Descriptive analysis showed that all students found MOL to be a helpful technique.
Publisher: BiomedGrid LLC
Date: 29-06-2020
No related grants have been discovered for Farwa Rizvi.