ORCID Profile
0000-0001-9885-3535
Current Organisations
Stanford University
,
Boston University
,
Hochschule Hannover
,
University of Oxford
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Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-12-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-03-2022
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-022-28898-1
Abstract: The trajectories of acquired immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection are not fully understood. We present a detailed longitudinal cohort study of UK healthcare workers prior to vaccination, presenting April-June 2020 with asymptomatic or symptomatic infection. Here we show a highly variable range of responses, some of which (T cell interferon-gamma ELISpot, N-specific antibody) wane over time, while others (spike-specific antibody, B cell memory ELISpot) are stable. We use integrative analysis and a machine-learning approach (SIMON - Sequential Iterative Modeling OverNight) to explore this heterogeneity. We identify a subgroup of participants with higher antibody responses and interferon-gamma ELISpot T cell responses, and a robust trajectory for longer term immunity associates with higher levels of neutralising antibodies against the infecting (Victoria) strain and also against variants B.1.1.7 (alpha) and B.1.351 (beta). These variable trajectories following early priming may define subsequent protection from severe disease from novel variants.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-01-2022
DOI: 10.1038/S41423-021-00814-5
Abstract: Global pandemics caused by influenza or coronaviruses cause severe disruptions to public health and lead to high morbidity and mortality. There remains a medical need for vaccines against these pathogens. CMV (cytomegalovirus) is a β-herpesvirus that induces uniquely robust immune responses in which remarkably large populations of antigen-specific CD8 + T cells are maintained for a lifetime. Hence, CMV has been proposed and investigated as a novel vaccine vector for expressing antigenic peptides or proteins to elicit protective cellular immune responses against numerous pathogens. We generated two recombinant murine CMV (MCMV) vaccine vectors expressing hemagglutinin (HA) of influenza A virus (MCMV HA ) or the spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (MCMV S ). A single injection of MCMVs expressing either viral protein induced potent neutralizing antibody responses, which strengthened over time. Importantly, MCMV HA -vaccinated mice were protected from illness following challenge with the influenza virus, and we excluded that this protection was due to the effects of memory T cells. Conclusively, we show here that MCMV vectors induce not only long-term cellular immunity but also humoral responses that provide long-term immune protection against clinically relevant respiratory pathogens.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-05-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-12-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2022
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-05-2021
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Adriana Tomic.