ORCID Profile
0000-0001-7505-2014
Current Organisation
Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital
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Publisher: BMJ
Date: 15-08-2012
DOI: 10.1136/ANNRHEUMDIS-2012-201691
Abstract: This study describes the longitudinal association between objectively assessed physical activity (PA) and knee structural change measured using MRI. 405 community-dwelling adults aged 51–81 years were measured at baseline and approximately 2.7 years later. MRI of the right knee at baseline and follow-up was performed to evaluate bone marrow lesions (BMLs), meniscal pathology, cartilage defects, and cartilage volume. PA was assessed at baseline by pedometer (steps/day). Doing ≥10 000 steps/day was associated with BML increases (RR 1.97, 95% CI 1.19 to 3.27, p=0.009). Participants doing ≥10 000 steps/day had a 1.52 times (95% CI 1.05 to 2.20, p=0.027) greater risk of increasing meniscal pathology score, which increased to 2.49 (95% CI 1.05 to 3.93, p=0.002) in those with adverse meniscal pathology at baseline. Doing ≥10 000 steps/day was associated with a greater risk of increasing cartilage defect score in those with prevalent BMLs at baseline (RR 1.36, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.69, p=0.013). Steps/day was protective against volume loss in those with more baseline cartilage volume but led to increased cartilage loss in those with less baseline cartilage volume. (p=0.046 for interaction). PA was deleteriously associated with knee structural change, especially in those with pre-existing knee structural abnormalities. This suggests in iduals with knee abnormalities should avoid doing ≥10 000 steps/day. Alternatives to weight-bearing activity may be needed in order to maintain PA levels required for other aspects of health.
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 06-08-2013
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 17-03-2021
DOI: 10.3390/NU13030965
Abstract: Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are complex unconjugated glycans associated with positive infant health outcomes. This study has examined current knowledge of the effect of maternal diet and nutritional status on the composition of HMOs in breast milk. Using the PRISMA-ScR guidelines, a comprehensive, systematic literature search was conducted using Scopus, Web of Science, Global Health (CABI), and MEDLINE. Titles and abstracts were screened independently by two reviewers against predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria and reported on maternal dietary intake (n = 3), maternal body composition indices (n = 9), and dietary supplementation interventions (n = 2). In total, data from 1388 lactating mothers (4011 milk s les) were included. Design methodologies varied substantially across studies, particularly for milk s le collection, HMO analysis, dietary and body composition assessment. Overall, this review has identified potential associations between maternal dietary intake and nutritional status and the HMO composition of human milk, though an abundance and sufficiency of evidence is lacking. Standardised procedures for human milk s le collection and HMO analysis, along with robust and validated nutrition assessment techniques, should be employed to further investigate the impact of maternal nutritional factors on HMO composition.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-01-2016
DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2015.1126566
Abstract: Premature infants are the main recipients of pasteurised donor human milk (PDHM), when their mothers are unable to provide their own. In this study, we evaluated the effect of pasteurisation on the concentrations of vitamin D compounds in donor breastmilk. Milk s les were obtained pre- and post-Holder pasteurisation. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to analyse the s les for vitamins D2 and D3 (D2 and D3) and 25-hydroxyvitamins D2 and D3 (25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3). The significance of differences in vitamin D concentrations between the two groups of milk s les was assessed using the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test, in which p < 0.05 was considered significant. Pasteurisation resulted in a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in the content of D2, D3, 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3. The losses ranged from 10% to 20% following pasteurisation.
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 17-08-2016
DOI: 10.1136/ARCHDISCHILD-2016-311535.27
Abstract: To investigate the effect of the pasteurisation process on trace elements in donor breast milk. Premature infants often receive donor breast milk when the mother is unable to produce sufficient breast milk. It is widely accepted that donor milk has considerable advantages over formula milk.1 The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (RBWH) has a milk bank that receives milk donated by women which undergoes a pasteurisation process.2 This study investigated the effect of pasteurisation on a range of trace elements in donor milk. A total of 14 participants who donated to the milk bank were recruited in this study. A 2 ml s le was collected pre- and post- pasteurisation, and frozen at −80 °C. Post-natal age of the milk was documented. Inductively-coupled plasma mass-spectrometry was used to analyse the following trace elements – zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), selenium (Se), manganese (Mn), iodine (I), iron (Fe), molybdenum (Mo) and bromine (Br). The study received ethical approval from RBWH and The University of Queensland Ethics Committee. No significant difference was found between the levels of any of the trace elements tested pre- and post-pasteurisation. The following p-values were calculated – Zn (0.82), Cu (0.80), Se (0.97), Mn (0.63), I (0.99), Fe (0.05), Mo (0.41), Br (0.59). The following ranges in mcg/L of trace elements were calculated – Zn (365.4–5460.0), Cu (157.6–820.5), Se (10.6–23.7), Mn (0.55–3.24), I (66.4–215.3), Fe (101.5–473.1), Mo (0.20–5.45), Br (704.9–3379.0). Spearman's rank correlation analysis showed significant correlations between post-natal age of milk and trace elements – Zn (ρ=−0.578), Se (ρ=−0.627). Fe (ρ=−0.704), and Mo (ρ=−0.534). No significant correlation was found for Cu, Mn, I, and Br. This study found that the pasteurisation process had minimal effect on trace element levels in donor breast milk. However, it was noted that there was a correlation between post-natal age of donor milk and Zn, Se, Fe and Mo. Further work is needed to establish factors that may influence levels of trace elements in donor milk such as post-natal age.
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 17-08-2016
DOI: 10.1136/ARCHDISCHILD-2016-311535.26
Abstract: Breastmilk is considered the most important nutrient and source of supplementation for both term and preterm infants.1 It is composed of many important nutrients, including vitamin D.2 The content of this vitamin in breast milk is usually low, even for lactating mothers with adequate vitamin D status.2 3 Preterm infants are at the great risk of vitamin D deficiency due to decreased transplacental transfer.4 Premature infants are the main recipients of pasteurised donor human milk (PDHM), when their mothers are unable to provide their own. This study aims to evaluate the effect of pasteurisation on the concentrations of vitamin D compounds in donor breast milk. A total of 16 participants, who donated breast milk to the RBWH milk bank, were recruited in this study. Milk s les were obtained pre- and post-Holder pasteurisation. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to analyse the s les for vitamins D2 and D3 and 25-hydroxyvitamins D2 and D3 (25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3). The significance of differences in vitamin D concentrations between the two groups of milk s les was assessed using the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test, in which P .05 was considered significant. Pasteurisation resulted in a significant reduction (P .05) in the content of D2, D3, 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3, with P values of 0.0001 for all targeted analytes. The concentrations of the vitamin D analogues in non-pasteurised milk ranged from 3.6 to 5.0 pM (D2), 1.0 to 9.8 pM (D3), 1.4 to 2.1 pM (25(OH)D2) and 1.2 to 9.3 pM (25(OH)D3). The concentrations of the vitamin D analogues in post-pasteurised milk ranged from 3.0 to 4.0 pM (D2), 0.6 to 9.5 pM (D3), 1.2 to 1.7 pM (25(OH)D2) and 1.1 to 9.1 pM (25(OH)D3). Losses of vitamin D compounds resulting from the pasteurisation process ranged from 10% to 20%. Pasteurisation significantly affected the concentration of vitamin D compounds in pasteurised donor breast milk.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 03-03-2020
Abstract: Very preterm infants are at high risk of death or severe morbidity. The objective was to determine the significance of severe congenital heart defects ( CHDs ) for these risks. This cohort study included infants from 10 countries born from 2007–2015 at 24 to 31 weeks’ gestation with birth weights g. Severe CHDs were defined by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision ( ICD‐9 ) and Tenth ( ICD‐10 ) codes and categorized as those compromising systemic output, causing sustained cyanosis, or resulting in congestive heart failure. The primary outcome was in‐hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were neonatal brain injury, necrotizing enterocolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and retinopathy of prematurity. Adjusted and propensity score–matched odds ratios ( ORs ) were calculated. Analyses were stratified by type of CHD , gestational age, and network. A total of 609 (0.77%) infants had severe CHD and 76 371 without any malformation served as controls. The mean gestational age and birth weight were 27.8 weeks and 1018 g, respectively. The mortality rate was 18.6% in infants with CHD and 8.9% in controls (propensity score–matched OR , 2.30 95% CI , 1.61–3.27). Severe CHD was not associated with neonatal brain injury, necrotizing enterocolitis, or retinopathy of prematurity, whereas the OR for bronchopulmonary dysplasia increased. Mortality was higher in all types, with the highest propensity score–matched OR (4.96 95% CI, 2.11–11.7) for CHD causing congestive heart failure. While mortality did not differ between groups at weeks’ gestational age, adjusted OR for mortality in infants with CHD increased to 10.9 (95% CI, 5.76–20.70) at 31 weeks’ gestational age. Rates of CHD and mortality differed significantly between networks. Severe CHD is associated with significantly increased mortality in very preterm infants.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.JPEDS.2019.02.036
Abstract: To describe variability in admission volumes and approach to early respiratory support between neonatal intensive care units in the Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network and to evaluate whether these center-specific factors are associated with death and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. This retrospective cohort study included 19 099 neonates born between 25 and 32 weeks' gestation and admitted to 1 of 25 NICUs from 2007 to 2013. Center-specific factors evaluated were annual admission volume and rate of using continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) rather than intubation as the first mode of respiratory support. Logistic regression was used to examine any association of these center-specific factors with death, BPD, and death or survival with BPD (death/BPD). Analysis was performed separately for 2 gestation groups (25-28 weeks and 29-32 weeks inclusive). Admission volumes and rates of early CPAP use varied widely across centers. Higher admission volumes were associated with lower odds of death or survival with BPD in the 25-28 week group (aOR 0.93, 99% CI 0.88-0.99 per increase of 10 babies per center annually). Centers with higher early CPAP use did not have lower odds of death or BPD than centers that intubated more frequently. Higher admission volumes are associated with more favorable outcomes for the more preterm infants in the Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network. Further investigation is required to explore why the in idual benefits of early CPAP do not translate to better outcomes for centers that use this approach most frequently.
Publisher: Massachusetts Medical Society
Date: 21-12-2017
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 10-2018
DOI: 10.1136/BMJOPEN-2018-023044
Abstract: Very-low birthweight (VLBW, g) infants comprise about 1%–1.4% of all births in high-income countries. Every year, about 3000 VLBW babies in Australia and New Zealand receive intensive care. Many die or else survive with severe brain injury, retinopathy, late-onset sepsis or necrotising enterocolitis (NEC), each of which carries substantial risk of disability. This trial tests whether adding bovine lactoferrin (bLF) to feeds in VLBW infants improves (1) survival to hospital discharge free from brain injury, late-onset sepsis, NEC and treated retinopathy of prematurity (primary composite end point) (2) each component of the primary composite end point and (3) time to reach full enteral feeds, number of blood transfusions, chronic lung disease and length of hospital stay. It includes a cost-effectiveness analysis of bLF in improving survival free from major morbidity, and evaluates the effect of bLF on survival and developmental outcomes at 24 to 36 months corrected gestational age. This is a multicentre, two-arm, randomised trial comparing the treatment group receiving bLF added to breast milk or formula milk daily (up to 250 mg/kg/day bLF) versus the control group receiving no bLF supplementation. The intervention is administered until 34 completed weeks corrected gestation or for 2 weeks, whichever is longer, or until discharge home, if earlier. The target s le size of 1500 participants yields 85% power, at the two-sided 5% level significance, to detect a difference in proportions meeting the primary outcome assuming the true probability is 74% in controls and 80.5% in the bLF group. This protocol was approved by Northern Sydney Local Human Research Ethics Committee in January 2017 (Version 2.0, Reference 1003-118M) and other relevant ethics committees. The findings of the trial will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations. ACTRN12611000247976 Pre-results.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 16-09-2019
Abstract: Developing molecular circuits that can function as the active components in electrical devices is an ongoing challenge in molecular electronics. It demands mechanical stability of the single-molecule circuit while simultaneously being responsive to external stimuli mimicking the operation of conventional electronic components. Here, we report single-molecule circuits based on spiropyran derivatives that respond electrically to chemical and mechanical stimuli. The merocyanine that results from the protonation/ring-opening of the spiropyran form showed single-molecule diode characteristics, with an average current rectification ratio of 5 at ±1 V, favoring the orientation where the positively charged end of the molecule is attached to the negative terminal of the circuit. Mechanical pulling of a single spiropyran molecule drives a switch to a more conducting merocyanine state. The mechanical switching is enabled by the strong Au-C covalent bonding between the molecule and the electrodes, which allows the tensile force delivered by the STM piezo to break the molecule at its spiropyran C-O bond.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-07-2013
DOI: 10.1002/OBY.20393
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 14-06-2019
DOI: 10.1136/ARCHDISCHILD-2018-316664
Abstract: To describe the trend and risk factors for severe intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) among infants weeks gestation. Population-based cohort study. Australia and New Zealand. All preterm infants weeks gestation in the Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network (ANZNN) from 1995 to 2012. Comparison of IVH incidence between 6-year epochs. Overall IVH and severe IVH incidence. A total of 60 068 infants were included, and overall survival to discharge increased from 89% to 93% over the three epochs. As the percentage of infants with IVH decreased from 23.6% to 21.3% and 21.4% (p .001) from epoch 1 to 3, respectively, fewer survivors had severe IVH (4.0%, 3.3% and 2.8%, respectively, p .001). Over time, there were fewer antenatal complications, higher antenatal steroid usage and more caesarean-section births. Fewer infants were intubated at birth, had low 5 min Apgar score, had sepsis or pneumothorax needing drainage. Adjusted for perinatal confounders, there was significant reduction in odds of severe IVH from epoch 1 to 3 (adjusted OR (AOR) 0.8, 95% CI 0.7 to 0.9). Factors associated with development of severe IVH include no antenatal steroids (AOR 1.7, 95% CI 1.5 to 1.9), male (AOR 1.3, 95% CI 1.2 to 1.4), 5 min Apgar score (AOR 2.0, 95% CI 1.9 to 2.2), intubated at birth (AOR 2.0, 95% CI 1.8 to 2.2), extremely low gestational age (AOR 4.0, 95% CI 3.7 to 4.4), outborn (AOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.5 to 1.8) and vaginal delivery (AOR 1.4, 95% CI 1.3 to 1.6). Along with increased survival among infants born weeks gestation, the incidence of severe IVH has decreased over the 18 years, especially in the most recent period. This coincided with reduction in rates of risk factors for severe IVH development.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2012
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-06-2018
DOI: 10.1007/S12519-018-0168-0
Abstract: To determine whether the introduction of pasteurized donor human milk and probiotics for infants born < 32 weeks gestational age or < 1500 g birthweight is associated with a reduction in mortality and the incidence of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) and sepsis. We performed a retrospective analysis of two cohorts: before and after the introduction of probiotics and pasteurised donor human milk. Univariate analysis of primary and secondary outcomes was performed variables impacting outcomes were assessed using multivariate logistic regression. There were 1791 infants: 1334 in the pre-donor milk robiotic cohort and 457 in the post-donor milk robiotic cohort. On univariate analysis, mortality (7.6 vs. 2.4%, P < 0.001) and incidence of sepsis (6.2 vs. 3.5%, P = 0.028) were statistically significantly lower in the post-donor milk robiotic group. NEC (2.8 vs. 1.5%, P = 0.14) and non-NEC associated gastrointestinal perforation (1.6 vs. 0.4%, P = 0.052) were lower in the post-donor milk robiotics cohort, but these were not statistically significant. The difference in mortality remained statistically significant on multivariate analysis in the post-donor milk robiotic cohort compared to those in the pre-donor milk robiotic cohort (odds ratio 0.31, 95% confidence interval 0.16-0.61). The decrease in the incidence of NEC was consistent with previous observational studies but the difference was not statistically significant. The availability of probiotics and pasteurised donor human milk is associated with a reduction in mortality in very preterm infants.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-06-2016
DOI: 10.1038/JP.2016.88
Abstract: Premature infants often receive pasteurized donor human milk when mothers are unable to provide their own milk. This study aims to establish the effect of the pasteurization process on a range of trace elements in donor milk. Breast milk was collected from 16 mothers donating to the milk bank at the Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital. S les were ided into pre- and post-pasteurization aliquots and were Holder pasteurized. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to analyze the trace elements zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), selenium (Se), manganese (Mn), iodine (I), iron (Fe), molybdenum (Mo) and bromine (Br). Differences in trace elements pre- and post-pasteurization were analyzed. No significant differences were found between the trace elements tested pre- and post-pasteurization, except for Fe (P<0.05). The median (interquartile range, 25 to 75% μg l(-1)) of trace elements for pre- and post- pasteurization aliquots were-Zn: 1639 (888-4508), 1743 (878-4143), Cu: 360 (258-571), 367 (253-531), Se: 12.34 (11.73-17.60), 12.62 (11.94-16.64), Mn: (1.48 (1.01-1.75), 1.49 (1.11-1.75), I (153 (94-189), 158 (93-183), Fe (211 (171-277), 194 (153-253), Mo (1.46 (0.37-2.99), 1.42 (0.29-3.73) and Br (1066 (834-1443), 989 (902-1396). Pasteurization had minimal effect on several trace elements in donor breast milk but high levels of inter-donor variability of trace elements were observed. The observed decrease in the iron content of pasteurized donor milk is, however, unlikely to be clinically relevant.
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 10-2019
DOI: 10.1136/BMJOPEN-2019-031086
Abstract: To compare necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) prevention practices and NEC associated factors between units from eight countries of the International Network for Evaluation of Outcomes of Neonates, and to assess their association with surgical NEC rates. Prospective unit-level survey combined with retrospective cohort study. Neonatal intensive care units in Australia/New Zealand, Canada, Finland, Israel, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and Tuscany (Italy). Extremely preterm infants born between 24 0 to 28 6 weeks’ gestation, with birth weights g, and admitted between 2014–2015. NEC prevention practices (probiotics, feeding, donor milk) using responses of an on-line pre-piloted questionnaire containing 10 questions and factors associated with NEC in literature (antenatal steroids, c-section, indomethacin treated patent ductus arteriosus and sepsis) using cohort data. Surgical NEC rates and death following NEC using cohort data. The survey response rate was 91% (153 units). Both probiotic provision and donor milk availability varied between 0%–100% among networks whereas feeding initiation and advancement rates were similar in most networks. The 9792 infants included in the cohort study to link survey results and cohort outcomes, revealed similar baseline characteristics but considerable differences in factors associated with NEC between networks. 397 (4.1%) neonates underwent NEC surgery, ranging from 2.4%–8.4% between networks. Standardised ratios for surgical NEC were lower for Australia/New Zealand, higher for Spain, and comparable for the remaining six networks. The variation in implementation of NEC prevention practices and in factors associated with NEC in literature could not be associated with the variation in surgical NEC incidence. This corroborates the current lack of consensus surrounding the use of preventive strategies for NEC and emphasises the need for research.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.1186/AR3689
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2013
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-03-2019
DOI: 10.1111/JPC.14428
Abstract: Targeted screening by a salivary cytomegalovirus (CMV) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of infants who 'refer' on their newborn hearing screen has been suggested as an easy, reliable and cost-effective approach to identify and treat babies with congenital CMV (cCMV) to improve hearing outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of introducing targeted salivary cCMV testing into a newborn hearing screening programme. The study included three tertiary maternity hospitals in Queensland, Australia between August 2014 and April 2016. Infants who 'referred' on the newborn hearing screen were offered a salivary swab for CMV PCR at the point of referral to audiology. Swabs were routinely processed and tested for CMV DNA by real-time quantitative PCR. Parents of babies with a positive CMV PCR were notified, and the babies were medically assessed and, where appropriate, were offered treatment (oral valganciclovir). Of eligible infants, the parents of 83.0% (234/283) consented to the cCMV screen. Of these, 96.6% returned a negative result (226/234), and 3.4% (8/234) returned a positive result (three true positive five false positive). The prevalence of cCMV for infants with confirmed hearing loss was 3.64% (P = 2/55 confidence interval = 0.44-12.53%). The cost comparison suggests the cost implementation of cCMV screening (and subsequent potential treatment benefits and management over time), compared to non-screening (and subsequent management), to be negligible. Incorporating cCMV testing into Universal Newborn Hearing Screening within Queensland is realistic and achievable, both practically and financially.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-07-2012
DOI: 10.1002/LARY.23436
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-05-2012
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 09-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2012
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-04-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2012
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-11-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 09-06-2013
DOI: 10.1136/ARCHDISCHILD-2011-301252
Abstract: To evaluate the hypotheses that a blended learning approach would improve the newborn examination skills of medical students and yield a higher level of satisfaction with learning newborn examination. Undergraduate medical students at a tertiary teaching hospital were in idually randomised to receive either a standard neonatology teaching programme (control group), or additional online access to the PENSKE Baby Check Learning Module (blended learning group). The primary outcome was performance of newborn examination on standardised assessment by blinded investigators. The secondary outcomes were performance of all 'essential' items of the examination, and participant satisfaction. The recruitment rate was 88% (71/81). The blended learning group achieved a significantly higher mean score than the control group (p=0.02) for newborn examination. There was no difference for performance of essential items, or satisfaction with learning newborn examination. The blended learning group rated the module highly for effective use of learning time and ability to meet specific learning needs. A blended learning approach resulted in a higher level of performance of newborn examination on standardised assessment. This is consistent with published literature on blended learning and has implications for all neonatal clinicians including junior doctors, midwifes and nurse practitioners.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2013
DOI: 10.1016/J.JOCA.2013.06.002
Abstract: To describe the cross-sectional and longitudinal association between hip Bone marrow lesions (BMLs) and bone density. 198 subjects with a right hip MRI and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans conducted at two time points, approximately 2.6 years apart were included. MR images were used to assess hip BML presence and size (cm(2)) while DXA scans were used to determine bone mineral density (BMD) of the total hip, spine and femoral neck. Fifty-five subjects (28%) had either a femoral and/or acetabular BML. Cross-sectionally, acetabular BMLs were associated with 5-6% lower total hip [P = 0.01] and femoral neck BMD [P < 0.001]. Resolving acetabular BMLs were associated with a 1-2% increase in BMD at hip [P = 0.05] and femoral neck [P = 0.01]. In contrast, resolving femoral BMLs were associated with a 4% lower and incident femoral BMLs with 3% higher femoral neck BMD [P = 0.04, P < 0.001 resp.]. Finally, each 1 cm(2) change femoral BMLs was associated with increase in femoral neck BMD: +0.03 g/cm(2), 95% confidence intervals (CI): +0.00, +0.05, and enlarging acetabular BMLs was associated with decrease in hip: -0.01 g/cm(2), 95% CI: -0.03, -0.00 and femoral neck BMD: -0.01 g/cm(2), 95% CI: -0.03, -0.001. Hip BMLs were associated with local BMD (hip and femoral neck) but not with spine BMD and these associations vary according to site. BML prevalence and change was low in this study, hence these findings need confirmation. However, we hypothesize that these associations represent a combination of changes related directly to the BML pathology or changes adjacent to the disease process.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-11-2017
DOI: 10.1111/JPC.13780
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 19-06-2013
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-11-2014
Publisher: Future Science Ltd
Date: 12-2013
DOI: 10.4155/BIO.13.283
Abstract: The occurrence of vitamin D deficiency has become an issue of serious concern in the worldwide population. As a result numerous analytical methods have been developed, for a variety of matrices, during the last few years to measure vitamin D analogs and metabolites. This review employs a comprehensive search of all vitamin D methods developed during the last 5 years for all applications, using ISI Web of Science ® , Scifinder ® , Science Direct, Scopus and PubMed. Particular emphasis is given to s le-preparation methods and the different forms of vitamin D measured across different fields of applications such as biological fluids, food and pharmaceutical preparations. This review compares and critically evaluates a wide range of approaches and methods, and hence it will enable readers to access developments across a number of applications and to select or develop the optimal analytical method for vitamin D for their particular application.
No related grants have been discovered for Pieter Koorts.