ORCID Profile
0000-0002-5054-4917
Current Organisations
Monash University
,
Fraunhofer-Institut für Nachrichtentechnik Heinrich-Hertz-Institut
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Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 15-02-2017
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 19-09-2016
DOI: 10.1364/OE.24.022357
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 07-07-2017
DOI: 10.1364/OL.42.002742
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 02-03-2023
DOI: 10.2196/43772
Abstract: Regular chlamydia and gonorrhea testing are essential for key populations, such as female sex workers (FSWs). However, testing cost, stigma, and lack of access prevent FSWs in low- and middle-income countries from receiving chlamydia and gonorrhea testing. A social innovation to address these problems is “pay it forward,” where an in idual receives a gift (free testing) and then asks whether they would like to give a gift to another person in the community. This cluster randomized controlled trial examined the effectiveness and cost of the pay-it-forward strategy in increasing access to chlamydia and gonorrhea testing among FSWs in China. This trial integrated a pay-it-forward approach into a community-based HIV outreach service. FSWs (aged 18 years or older) were invited by an outreach team from 4 Chinese cities (clusters) to receive free HIV testing. The 4 clusters were randomized into 2 study arms in a 1:1 ratio: a pay-it-forward arm (offered chlamydia and gonorrhea testing as a gift) and a standard-of-care arm (out-of-pocket cost for testing: US $11). The primary outcome was chlamydia and gonorrhea test uptake, as ascertained by administrative records. We conducted an economic evaluation using a microcosting approach from a health provider perspective, reporting our results in US dollars (at 2021 exchange rates). Overall, 480 FSWs were recruited from 4 cities (120 per city). Most FSWs were aged ≥30 years (313/480, 65.2%), were married (283/480, 59%), had an annual income US $9000 (301/480, 62.7%), and had never been tested for chlamydia (401/480, 83.5%) or gonorrhea (397/480, 82.7%). Chlamydia and gonorrhea test uptake in the pay-it-forward and standard-of-care arms were 82% (197/240) and 4% (10/240), respectively, with an adjusted proportion difference of 76.7% (lower bound 95% CI 70.8%). All those who tested positive were referred to and received treatment at local sexually transmitted infection clinics. This finding was consistent when adjusting for marital status, income, inconsistent condom use during commercial sex in the last 3 months, and HIV testing history. Among 197 women who received tests in the pay-it-forward arm, 99 (50.3%) donated money, with a median donation of US $1.54 (IQR 0.77-1.54). The economic cost per person tested was US $568.71 for standard of care and US $43.20 for pay it forward. The pay-it-forward strategy has the potential to enhance chlamydia and gonorrhea testing for Chinese FSWs and may be useful for scaling up preventive services. Further implementation research is needed to inform the transition of pay-it-forward research into practice. Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2000037653 www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=57233
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 25-10-2017
DOI: 10.1364/OE.25.027635
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-09-2013
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 07-2018
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 05-05-2017
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 25-03-2014
DOI: 10.1364/OL.39.002004
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-08-2013
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 15-04-2016
Publisher: OSA
Date: 2017
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 11-08-2015
DOI: 10.1364/OE.23.021706
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 24-10-2022
Abstract: egular chlamydia and gonorrhea testing are essential for key populations, such as female sex workers (FSWs). However, testing cost, stigma, and lack of access prevent FSWs in low- and middle-income countries from receiving chlamydia and gonorrhea testing. A social innovation to address these problems is “pay it forward,” where an in idual receives a gift (free testing) and then asks whether they would like to give a gift to another person in the community. his cluster randomized controlled trial examined the effectiveness and cost of the pay-it-forward strategy in increasing access to chlamydia and gonorrhea testing among FSWs in China. his trial integrated a pay-it-forward approach into a community-based HIV outreach service. FSWs (aged 18 years or older) were invited by an outreach team from 4 Chinese cities (clusters) to receive free HIV testing. The 4 clusters were randomized into 2 study arms in a 1:1 ratio: a pay-it-forward arm (offered chlamydia and gonorrhea testing as a gift) and a standard-of-care arm (out-of-pocket cost for testing: US $11). The primary outcome was chlamydia and gonorrhea test uptake, as ascertained by administrative records. We conducted an economic evaluation using a microcosting approach from a health provider perspective, reporting our results in US dollars (at 2021 exchange rates). verall, 480 FSWs were recruited from 4 cities (120 per city). Most FSWs were aged ≥30 years (313/480, 65.2%), were married (283/480, 59%), had an annual income & US $9000 (301/480, 62.7%), and had never been tested for chlamydia (401/480, 83.5%) or gonorrhea (397/480, 82.7%). Chlamydia and gonorrhea test uptake in the pay-it-forward and standard-of-care arms were 82% (197/240) and 4% (10/240), respectively, with an adjusted proportion difference of 76.7% (lower bound 95% CI 70.8%). All those who tested positive were referred to and received treatment at local sexually transmitted infection clinics. This finding was consistent when adjusting for marital status, income, inconsistent condom use during commercial sex in the last 3 months, and HIV testing history. Among 197 women who received tests in the pay-it-forward arm, 99 (50.3%) donated money, with a median donation of US $1.54 (IQR 0.77-1.54). The economic cost per person tested was US $568.71 for standard of care and US $43.20 for pay it forward. he pay-it-forward strategy has the potential to enhance chlamydia and gonorrhea testing for Chinese FSWs and may be useful for scaling up preventive services. Further implementation research is needed to inform the transition of pay-it-forward research into practice. hinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2000037653 www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=57233
Publisher: OSA
Date: 2017
Location: Germany
No related grants have been discovered for YIWEI XIE.