ORCID Profile
0000-0002-2572-035X
Current Organisation
University of Sydney
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Historical Studies | Australian History (excl. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander History) | Historical Studies not elsewhere classified | History and Philosophy Of Specific Fields | Sociology and Social Studies of Science and Technology | History and Philosophy of Medicine | History: Other | History And Philosophy Of Science And Technology | Health Policy | Aboriginal Studies | Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health | Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander History | Studies of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Society | Race And Ethnic Relations |
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Understanding Australia's Past | Expanding Knowledge in History and Archaeology | Expanding Knowledge through Studies of Human Society | Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health - Health System Performance (incl. Effectiveness of Interventions) | Cultural Understanding not elsewhere classified | Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health | Expanding Knowledge in the Medical and Health Sciences | Social Impacts of Climate Change and Variability | Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander heritage | Disease Distribution and Transmission (incl. Surveillance and Response) | Health Inequalities | Environmental Health | Infectious Diseases
Related Links
Publications
The New York needle trial: The politics of public health in the age of AIDS
Publisher: American Public Health Association
Date: 11-1991
Abstract: During the past 5 years, the exchange of sterile needles and syringes for dirty injecting equipment has gained increasing acceptance outside the United States as a potential means of reducing the transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among intravenous drug users. This article describes the controversy over attempts to establish a needle and syringe exchange scheme in New York City between 1985 and 1991. The response to a health crisis is used as an indicator of patterns of social and institutional practice. Advocates of needle exchanges had reached a stalemate with the promoters of law enforcement, and the strategic reformulation of the policy problem in terms of the research process seemed to offer a solution. The article discusses the practical limitations on designing and carrying out a controversial health promotion policy the use (under constraint) of a restrictive research process to constitute--rather than simply to guide or monitor--public policy and the potential ethical hazards of health professionals' seeking a polemical recourse to the clinical trial. The efforts to establish a needle exchange in New York thus illustrate more general problems for AIDS prevention.
Coolie Therapeutics: Labor, Race, and Medical Science in Tropical Australia
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1017/S0147547916000351
Abstract: This essay considers the biomedical framing of labor in tropical Australia from the late-nineteenth century until the early twenty-first century. This entails critical inquiry into racialized estimates of labor capacity or fitness, as well as skeptical examination of medical assumptions of risk and danger. Racial theories and medical conjectures have constituted flexible analytic toolkits that might adjust, adapt, and justify a variety of exploitative labor practices in Australia’s tropical north. Debates about coolie or indentured labor were never simply economic calculations: They also concerned notions of races and their proper places, and expressed particular moral sensibilities and medical fears. Thus labor history becomes entangled with histories of racial formation and of science and medicine
Getting ahead of one's self?: The common culture of immunology and philosophy
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Date: 09-2014
DOI: 10.1086/678176
Abstract: During the past thirty years, immunological metaphors, motifs, and models have come to shape much social theory and philosophy. Immunology, so it seems, often has served to naturalize claims about self, identity, and sovereignty--perhaps most prominently in Jacques Derrida's later studies. Yet the immunological science that functions as "nature" in these social and philosophical arguments is derived from interwar and Cold War social theory and philosophy. Theoretical immunologists and social theorists knowingly participated in a common culture. Thus the "naturalistic fallacy" in this case might be reframed as an error of categorization: its conditions of possibility would require ceaseless effort to purify and separate out the categories of nature and culture. The problem--inasmuch as there is a problem-therefore is not so much the making of an appeal to nature as assuming privileged access to an independent, sovereign category called "nature".
Nowhere to run, rabbit: the cold-war calculus of disease ecology
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-2017
DOI: 10.1007/S40656-017-0140-7
Abstract: During the cold war, Frank Fenner (protégé of Macfarlane Burnet and René Dubos) and Francis Ratcliffe (associate of A. J. Nicholson and student of Charles Elton) studied mathematically the coevolution of host resistance and parasite virulence when myxomatosis was unleashed on Australia's rabbit population. Later, Robert May called Fenner the "real hero" of disease ecology for his mathematical modeling of the epidemic. While Ratcliffe came from a tradition of animal ecology, Fenner developed an ecological orientation in World War II through his work on malaria control (with Ratcliffe and Ian Mackerras, among others)-that is, through studies of tropical medicine. This makes Fenner at least a partial exception to other senior disease ecologists in the region, most of whom learned their ecology from examining responses to agricultural challenges and animal husbandry problems in settler colonial society. Here I consider the local ecologies of knowledge in southeastern Australia during this period, and describe the particular cold-war intellectual niche that Fenner and Ratcliffe inhabited.
Life among the mosquitoes
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-02-2016
What's in a name? Experimental encephalomyelitis: 'Allergic' or 'autoimmune'
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2010
DOI: 10.1016/J.JNEUROIM.2010.03.017
Abstract: New linguistic coinage can signify new practices and fresh perceptions in science: descriptors therefore are not trivial. Here, we consider the shifting valence of 'allergic' and 'autoimmune' in conceptions of experimental encephalomyelitis (EE). Ehrlich's dismissal of the relevance to disease of autoimmunity resulted in its 'long struggle for recognition' notwithstanding the convincing attribution in 1904 of the hemolysis of paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria. Yet allergy did take hold because of its assumption that harmful effects could be ascribed to an extrinsic agent against which immune responses were supposed to be directed, in line with contemporary microbiological research. In 1885 the history of EE began with Pasteur's anti-rabies vaccine, dried virus-infected rabbit spinal cord, with use occasionally inducing a post-vaccinal encephalomyelitis (PVE). From 1933 to 1935, PVE was investigated by Rivers who reported that some monkeys immunized with normal rabbit CNS extracts developed an inflammatory demyelinating EE and anti-brain antibodies: no cause was attributed. In the 1940s Freund developed an adjuvant that greatly potentiated immunization and in 1947 this was applied to animals immunized for EE: induction was accelerated and the disease was called 'E allergic E', initiating the EAE acronym. As recorded, 'the study of autoimmune disease leapt from nothing in 1945 to a vigorous field in the 1950s'. Yet researchers sedulously retained allergic in the EAE acronym until the1980s, long after 'autoimmune' had become available to them. Eventually practitioners for whom autoimmunity had meaning influenced the transition to 'E autoimmune E' as the laboratory analogue of human autoimmune multiple sclerosis.
Tropical knowledges
Publisher: Duke University Press
Date: 2003
Infectious Diseases: Colonising the Pacific? (review)
Publisher: Project MUSE
Date: 2000
The model crisis, or how to have critical promiscuity in the time of Covid-19
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 16-02-2021
Abstract: During the past forty years, statistical modelling and simulation have come to frame perceptions of epidemic disease and to determine public health interventions that might limit or suppress the transmission of the causative agent. The influence of such formulaic disease modelling has pervaded public health policy and practice during the Covid-19 pandemic. The critical vocabulary of epidemiology, and now popular debate, thus includes R 0 , the basic reproduction number of the virus, ‘flattening the curve’, and epidemic ‘waves’. How did this happen? What are the consequences of framing and foreseeing the pandemic in these modes? Focusing on historical and contemporary disease responses, primarily in Britain, I explore the emergence of statistical modelling as a ‘crisis technology’, a reductive mechanism for making rapid decisions or judgments under uncertain biological constraint. I consider how Covid-19 might be configured or assembled otherwise, constituted as a more heterogeneous object of knowledge, a different and more encompassing moment of truth – not simply as a measured telos directing us to a new normal. Drawing on earlier critical engagements with the AIDS pandemic, inquiries into how to have ‘theory’ and ‘promiscuity’ in a crisis, I seek to open up a space for greater ecological, sociological, and cultural complexity in the biopolitics of modelling, thereby attempting to validate a role for critique in the Covid-19 crisis.
Medicine and Colonial Identity (review)
Publisher: Project MUSE
Date: 2005
Hybridity, race, and science: The voyage of the Zaca, 1934-1935
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Date: 06-2012
DOI: 10.1086/666354
Abstract: In 1929 and 1934-1935, the physical anthropologist Harry L. Shapiro voyaged in the South Seas on the Mahina-l-Te-Pua and the Zaca, measuring mixed-race islanders, including the descendants of the Bounty mutineers on Pitcairn Island. His research in Polynesian hybridity reflects the growing cultural and scientific investment of the United States in the Pacific during this period. Shapiro's oceanic adventures and intimate encounters prompted him to discount typological speculation and emphasize instead the liberal Boasian program in physical anthropology, giving him the confidence to refigure his evaluations of racial difference. The seaborne investigatory enterprise came to influence U.S. racial thought, adding impetus to the condemnation of racism in science. On his return from the South Seas, Shapiro tried to get his fellow physical anthropologists to issue a manifesto opposing the harnessing of their science to racial discrimination and prejudice.
Disease and Citizenship
Publisher: Duke University Press
Date: 2006
Scientific patriotism: Medical science and national self-fashioning in Southeast Asia
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.1017/S0010417511000600
Abstract: Physicians and scientists dominated the first generation of nationalists in at least three East Asian colonies in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries: the Philippines under the Spanish and United States' regimes, the Dutch East Indies, and the Japanese territory of Taiwan. There is substantial evidence that, in each place, decolonization was yoked to scientific progress—not only in a practical sense, but symbolically too. The first generation to receive training in biological science and to become socialized as professionals used this education to imagine itself as eminently modern, progressive, and cosmopolitan. Their training gave them special authority in deploying organic metaphors of society and state, and made them deft in finding allegories of the human body and the body politic. These scientists and physicians saw themselves as representing universal laws, advancing natural knowledge, and engaging as equals with colleagues in Europe, Japan, and North America. Science gave them a new platform for communication. In the British Empire, for ex le in India and Malaya, medical science also proved influential, though it seems lawyers cognizant of precedent and tradition more often dominated decolonization movements. This essay will examine how scientific training shaped anti-colonialism and nationalism in the Philippines and the East Indies, concluding with a brief comparison of the situation in Taiwan.
Excremental Colonialism
Publisher: Duke University Press
Date: 2006
Making global health history: The postcolonial worldliness of biomedicine
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 03-02-2014
DOI: 10.1093/SHM/HKT126
Going through the motions: American public health and colonial mimicry
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 12-2002
DOI: 10.1093/ALH/14.4.686
May the People Live: A History of Maori Health Development 1900-1920
Publisher: JSTOR
Date: 2001
DOI: 10.2307/40111397
Queer science, the Writer's sorcery, and the postcolonial question
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-2011
Tropical Medicine in the Twentieth Century: A History of the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, 1898-1990
Publisher: JSTOR
Date: 1999
DOI: 10.2307/40111352
States of Hygiene
Publisher: Duke University Press
Date: 14-04-2006
Liberal Intellectuals as Pacific Supercargo: White Australian Masculinity and Racial Thought on the Boarder-Lands
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-09-2015
The case of the archive
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Date: 03-2013
DOI: 10.1086/670044
Science in the Twentieth Century and Beyond
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-10-2014
Geography, race and nation: Remapping 'tropical' Australia, 1890-1930.
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 1996
DOI: 10.1071/HR9971140457
Securing a Brain: The Contested Meanings of Kuru
Publisher: Birkhäuser Boston
Date: 1992
Postcolonial specters of STS
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-2017
Filming Fore, Shooting Scientists: Medical Research, Experimental Filmmaking, and Documentary Cinema
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 15-03-2019
Foreign Bodies
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-2010
Human health on an ailing planet — Historical perspectives on our future
Publisher: Massachusetts Medical Society
Date: 22-08-2019
The Frozen Archive, or Defrosting Derrida
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 24-02-2015
Fashioning the Immunological Self: The Biological Individuality of F. Macfarlane Burnet
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-01-2014
DOI: 10.1007/S10739-013-9352-1
Abstract: During the 1940s and 1950s, the Australian microbiologist F. Macfarlane Burnet sought a biologically plausible explanation of antibody production. In this essay, we seek to recover the conceptual pathways that Burnet followed in his immunological theorizing. In so doing, we emphasize the influence of speculations on in iduality, especially those of philosopher Alfred North Whitehead the impact of cybernetics and information theory and the contributions of clinical research into autoimmune disease that took place in Melbourne. We point to the influence of local experimental and intellectual currents on Burnet's work. Accordingly, this essay describes an arc distinct from most other tracings of Burnet's conceptual development, which focus on his early bacteriophage research, his fascination with the work of Julian Huxley and other biologists in the 1920s, and his interest in North Atlantic experimental investigations in the life sciences. No doubt these too were potent influences, but they seem insufficient to explain, for ex le, Burnet's sudden enthusiasm in the 1940s for immunological definitions of self and not-self. We want to demonstrate here how Burnet's deep involvement in philosophical biology - along with attention to local clinical research - provided him with additional theoretic tools and conceptual equipment, with which to explain immune function.
Unconscious Dominions
Publisher: Duke University Press
Date: 2011
Racial Science and Human Diversity in Colonial Indonesia by Fenneke Sysling
Publisher: Project MUSE
Date: 2017
Racial hybridity, physical anthropology, and human biology in the Colonial Laboratories of the United States
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Date: 04-2012
DOI: 10.1086/662330
Empire of Care: Nursing and Migration in Filipino American History (review)
Publisher: Project MUSE
Date: 2005
Spreading Germs: Disease Theories and Medical Practice in Britain, 1865-1900
Publisher: JSTOR
Date: 2003
DOI: 10.2307/40111503
Climates and Constitutions: Health, Race, Environment and British Imperialism in India, 1600-1850 by Mark Harrison, New Delhi: Oxford University Press (1999). Reviewed by Warwick Anderson
Publisher: University of Arizona
Date: 12-2002
DOI: 10.2458/V9I1.21639
Wandering anatomists and itinerant anthropologists: The antipodean sciences of race in Britain between the wars
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 07-11-2015
DOI: 10.1017/S0007087413000939
Abstract: While the British Empire conventionally is recognized as a source of research subjects and objects in anthropology, and a site where anthropological expertise might inform public administration, the settler-colonial affiliations and experiences of many leading physical anthropologists could also directly shape theories of human variation, both physical and cultural. Antipodean anthropologists like Grafton Elliot Smith were pre-adapted to diffusionist models that explained cultural achievement in terms of the migration, contact and mixing of peoples. Trained in comparative methods, these fractious cosmopolitans also favoured a dynamic human biology, often emphasizing the heterogeneity and environmental plasticity of body form and function, and viewing fixed, static racial typologies and hierarchies sceptically. By following leading representatives of empire anatomy and physical anthropology, such as Elliot Smith and Frederic Wood Jones, around the globe, it is possible to recover the colonial entanglements and biases of interwar British anthropology, moving beyond a simple inventory of imperial sources, and crediting human biology and social anthropology not just as colonial sciences but as the sciences of itinerant colonials.
Colonial Pathologies
Publisher: Duke University Press
Date: 2006
Possessing Polynesians: The Science of Settler Colonial Whiteness in Hawai‘i and Oceania; Staking Claim: Settler Colonialism and Racialization in Hawai‘i
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 25-05-2021
Infectious diseases in the bigger picture
Publisher: AMPCo
Date: 03-2012
DOI: 10.5694/MJA12.10216
Teaching 'race' at medical school: Social scientists on the margin
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 10-2008
Abstract: This essay examines the efforts of social scientists and humanities scholars to teach students at a major US medical school about `race'. The objectives were to explain that race is no longer considered a biologically legitimate concept and to demonstrate that race remains an influential social classification, causing social and biological harm. That is, these educators sought to reframe the medical significance of race. An examination of the email discussions of those involved in this teaching exercise (which included the author) reveals concerns over the credibility of social scientists and humanities scholars speaking on genetics in the modern medical school. It also indicates the intellectual and curricular marginalization of critiques of racial classification in medical education. In science studies journals one can read convincing deconstructions of the new genetics of race, but it is rare to find an analysis of how ideas about race figure in the mundane practice of educating future medical doctors and researchers. Through examination of an exemplary, wide-ranging discussion of an attempt to teach on race in the medical curriculum, this essay addresses the disciplinary and institutional difficulties of translating critiques of controversial science into pedagogy.
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology: Editorial foreword
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-2004
Objectivity and its discontents
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 21-08-2013
Abstract: In my 2008 book, The Collectors of Lost Souls, I told the story of the medical investigation of kuru, a fatal brain disease afflicting the Fore people of New Guinea during the middle of the 20th century. The story involved sorcery accusations, cannibalism, first contact, colonial incursions, scientific rivalry, alleged sexual molestation, and two Nobel Prizes in Physiology or Medicine. There can be little doubt that kuru, because of its peculiarities, has proven exceptionally ‘good to think with’—in infectious diseases research, medical anthropology and the history of science. Here, I attempt a cultural history of valuation in kuru research, hoping thus to make a tentative contribution to a theory of value in modern science. It is important to distinguish this project from functionalist and normative analyses predicated on conceptions of social structure and solidarity. Instead, I want to look at the inter-subjective mobilization and modulation of desire in scientific work, thus focusing on multiple agency, more than structure, in the making or perception of value. Like John Dewey, and his teacher Georg Simmel, I am most interested in how experiences of self-formation generate or reveal value commitments that is, I am interested in how interaction, or opening ourselves to others, can form and make visible our values and valuables. In this spirit, I want to attend to the commitments to subjects and objects that emerge through cultural contact and exchange in scientific research.
Reimagining biology: The view from Papua New Guinea
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-09-2009
Roger Cooter. With, Claudia Stein.Writing History in the Age of Biomedicine. xiv + 350 pp., illus., bibl., index. New Haven, Conn./London: Yale University Press, 2013. $45 (cloth).
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Date: 06-2014
DOI: 10.1086/677980
The way we live now?
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Date: 02-12-2020
DOI: 10.1086/712234
Editorial
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-02-2011
Toward an unnatural history of immunology
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 1994
DOI: 10.1007/BF01058997
From subjugated knowledge to conjugated subjects: science and globalisation, or postcolonial studies of science?
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 12-2009
STS with east asian characteristics?
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-2020
Imagined laboratories: Colonial and national racialisations in Island Southeast Asia
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 10-2018
Hermannsburg, 1929: Turning Aboriginal Primitives into Modern Psychological Subjects
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-2014
DOI: 10.1002/JHBS.21649
Abstract: In 1929, the Lutheran mission at Hermannsburg (Ntaria), central Australia, became an extraordinary investigatory site, attracting an array of leading psychologists wishing to define the "primitive" mentality of the Arrernte, who became perhaps the most studied people in the British Empire and dominions. This is a story of how scientific knowledge derived from close encounters and fraught entanglements on the borderlands of the settler state. The investigators-Stanley D. Porteus, H. K. Fry, and Géza Róheim-represent the major styles of psychological inquiry in the early-twentieth century, and count among the vanguard of those dismantling rigid racial typologies and fixed hierarchies of human mentality. They wanted to evaluate "how natives think," yet inescapably they found themselves reflecting on white mentality too. They came to recognise the primitive as an influential and disturbing motif within the civilised mind-their own minds. These intense interactions in the central deserts show us how Aboriginal thinking could make whites think again about themselves-and forget, for a moment, that many of their research subjects were starving.
Thickening transregionalism: Historical formations of science, technology, and medicine in southeast Asia
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 12-2018
Postcolonial Ecologies of Parasite and Host: Making Parasitism Cosmopolitan
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-2016
DOI: 10.1007/S10739-015-9407-6
Abstract: The interest of F. Macfarlane Burnet in host-parasite interactions grew through the 1920s and 1930s, culminating in his book, Biological Aspects of Infectious Disease (1940), often regarded as the founding text of disease ecology. Our knowledge of the influences on Burnet's ecological thinking is still incomplete. Burnet later attributed much of his conceptual development to his reading of British theoretical biology, especially the work of Julian Huxley and Charles Elton, and regretted he did not study Theobald Smith's Parasitism and Disease (1934) until after he had formulated his ideas. Scholars also have adduced Burnet's fascination with natural history and the clinical and public health demands on his research effort, among other influences. I want to consider here additional contributions to Burnet's ecological thinking, focusing on his intellectual milieu, placing his research in a settler society with exceptional expertise in environmental studies and pest management. In part, an ''ecological turn'' in Australian science in the 1930s, derived to a degree from British colonial scientific investments, shaped Burnet's conceptual development. This raises the question of whether we might characterize, in postcolonial fashion, disease ecology, and other studies of parasitism, as successful settler colonial or dominion science.
Postcolonial Science Studies
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2015
Where Every Prospect Pleases and Only Man Is Vile: Laboratory Medicine as Colonial Discourse
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Date: 04-1992
DOI: 10.1086/448643
Immunization and hygiene in the colonial philippines
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 08-02-2007
DOI: 10.1093/JHMAS/JRL014
Abstract: Vaccination and the enforcement of stipulations of personal hygiene can be viewed as different mechanisms of colonial government. Immunization c aigns reach and register populations, but they may also appear to obviate the need for behavioral reform. Hygiene education implies the development of a disciplined, self-governing citizenry, although in the colonial setting validation of such attainment is usually deferred. This article explores the tension between mechanisms of security (immunization) and drill (hygiene) in the Philippines, under the United States' colonial regime, in the early twentieth century.
1. DECOLONIZING HISTORIES IN THEORY AND PRACTICE: AN INTRODUCTION
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-2020
DOI: 10.1111/HITH.12164
Epidemiology, social history, and the beginnings of medical anthropology in the highlands of New Guinea
Publisher: Edinburgh University Library
Date: 27-04-2018
DOI: 10.17157/MAT.5.1.591
Abstract: Shirley Lindenbaum’s study in the early 1960s of the origins and transmission of kuru among the Fore people of the eastern highlands of New Guinea is one of the earliest ex les of an explicitly medical anthropology. Lindenbaum later described her investigations as assembling ‘an epidemiology of social relations’. How might the emergence of medical anthropology, then, be related to the concurrent development of the social history of medicine and global epidemic intelligence? Are these alternative genealogies for medical anthropology?
Ann laura stoler’s durable interrogation
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-10-2018
The New York needle trial: the politics of public health in the age of AIDS (reprint)
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Date: 25-03-1993
The Rise and Fall of Modern Empires, Volume I
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 02-03-2017
The Colonial Medicine of Settler States: Comparing Histories of Indigenous Health
Publisher: JSTOR
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.2307/40111579
Ambiguities of race: Science on the reproductive frontier of Australia and the pacific between the wars
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-2009
Toward Planetary Health Ethics? Refiguring Bios in Bioethics
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-08-2023
DOI: 10.1007/S11673-023-10285-0
Abstract: In responding to perceived crises—such as the COVID-19 pandemic—in routinized ways, contemporary bioethics can make us prisoners of the proximate. Rather, we need bioethics to recognize and engage with complex configurations of global ecosystem degradation and collapse, thereby showing us paths toward co-inhabiting the planet securely and sustainably. Such a planetary health ethics might draw rewardingly on Indigenous knowledge practices or Indigenous philosophical ecologies. It will require ethicists, with other health professionals, to step up and become public advocates for environmental sustainability. The COVID-19 pandemic should be seen as opening a portal to planetary health ethics or ecologized bioethics.
Book Review: Agents of the Apocalypse: Epidemic Disease in the Colonial Philippines
Publisher: Project MUSE
Date: 1996
The ‘Accidental Immunologist’: An Interview with Professor Sir Gustav Nossal
Publisher: Australian and New Zealand Society of the History of Medicine
Date: 2014
The Reasoning of the Strongest: The Polemics of Skill and Science in Medical Diagnosis
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 11-1992
DOI: 10.1177/030631292022004005
Abstract: This paper describes the efforts of clinical scientists and computer experts to introduce computer diagnosis into the wards of a major Australian teaching hospital during the 1960s and 1970s. A logical-empiricist procedure construed as a `scientific' model of medical diagnosis — and thus challenging traditional physicians' claims of `craft knowledge' — had the potential to define a new social and institutional role for clinical research. In this account, the `craft' and `scientific' representations of diagnosis are treated symmetrically, as discursive resources used in a hospital context to legitimate the ergent competences of two competing occupational subgroups. Neither `skill' nor `science' is privileged as an explanatory framework. Attributions of skill — as of rationality — may serve distinct social goals and institutional interests. In order to secure a place for this diagnostic technology clinical scientists appealed to a scientific method that physicians were prepared to use rhetorically to bolster their diagnoses — but not, in the end, to redefine the diagnostic process. The institutional authority of physicians in this case allowed them to ignore a model of diagnosis that would circumvent their control of a crucial aspect of medical work.
The history in epidemiology
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 16-11-2019
DOI: 10.1093/IJE/DYY247
Crap on the map, or postcolonial waste
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-2010
History and philosophy of science takes form
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.SHPSA.2022.04.001
Abstract: During the past hundred years the strength of the amalgam of history and philosophy of science (HPS) has waxed and waned, while assuming multiple forms and acquiring different imprints. In the 1940s and 1950s, philosopher Gerd Buchdahl and colleagues in Melbourne, Australia, assembled a methodologically powerful version of HPS, drawing on their readings, with general historians, of the philosophical works of R.G. Collingwood and Ludwig Wittgenstein, among others. Buchdahl later tried to export this pioneering conceptualization to Cambridge University, where he came to lead a new department of HPS. To appreciate the qualities and dimensions of the innovative mode of inquiry, it is necessary to understand the ecology of knowledge that promoted its emergence in an out-of-the-way settler colonial society, a productively marginal site where unanticipated filiations and alliances might be licensed to unsettled émigré scholars such as Buchdahl. Accordingly, this essay brushes off a forgotten genealogy of the relations of history and philosophy and science, thereby revealing a neglected past cognitive identity of HPS and suggesting a means to re-imagine its future.
8. FINDING DECOLONIAL METAPHORS IN POSTCOLONIAL HISTORIES
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-2020
DOI: 10.1111/HITH.12171
Abstract: This is a reflection on the close relations of the writing of postcolonial histories and recent decolonial critiques, and on the tensions between them. Postcolonial historical analysis often has been preoccupied with hybridity and mixture, conjugation and adaptation, exchange and interaction—with subversions of sovereignty in contact zones, borderlands, and on the beach. As a structuralist formulation, decolonial historical binarism in contrast echoes Indigenous politics of self‐determination, even suggesting at times an ontological decoupling of settler and Indigenous histories and practices. Stringent decolonization of historical inquiry—implying the sabotage and superseding of settler colonial linguistic, narrative, and temporal conventions and the disturbing of standardized assumptions about evidence, agency, and authorship—would give us an epistemic assemblage perhaps not recognizable as “history.” Even if desirable, is that imaginable now except as metaphor or ideal?
Re-orienting whiteness
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan US
Date: 2009
Remembering the Spread of Western Science
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1071/HR17027
Abstract: In the fifty years since publication of George Basalla's ‘The Spread of Western Science', historians of science have wavered between securely locating knowledge production in specific settings and trying to explain how scientific concepts and practices travel and come to appear universally applicable. As science has come to seem ever more ‘situated' and fragmented, we struggle to explain its obvious mobility and reproducibility. No single analytic framework seems plausibly to explain the globalization of science.
The Possession of Kuru: Medical Science and Biocolonial Exchange
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 10-2000
DOI: 10.1017/S0010417500003297
Abstract: “Naturally, everyone would like to get their hands on kuru brains,” wrote D. Carleton Gajdusek in 1957. A young medical scientist, Gajdusek was writing from his bush laboratory in the eastern highlands of New Guinea, and he had in mind the competition among pathologists in Melbourne, Australia, and Bethesda, Maryland, for the valuable specimens. But he may also have considered his own recent transactions with the Fore people, afflicted with what he thought was the disease of kuru, and on whose hospitality he was then relying. Blood and brains, the germinal objects of his field research, were richly entangled in local community relations and global scientific networks they could convey one meaning to the Fore, another to Gajdusek, and yet another to laboratory workers in Australia and the United States. These objects could be exchanged as gifts or commodities in different circumstances, or on the same occasion the different parties might confuse gift exchange with commodity transaction. At times, the scientist would try to obtain goods through barter, or even to appropriate them and, then again, he might find that what he wanted was out of circulation altogether. In the field, Gajdusek had become enmeshed in a complex and fragile web of relationships with the Fore in order to acquire specimens that, through further exchanges with senior colleagues, might yet make his scientific reputation.
The Virus That Therefore I Am
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 22-08-2022
Gut Reactions — From Celiac Affection to Autoimmune Model
Publisher: Massachusetts Medical Society
Date: 03-07-2014
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMP1405192
The Mestizos of Kisar: An insular racial laboratory in the Malay Archipelago
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 10-2018
DOI: 10.1017/S0022463418000358
Abstract: In the 1920s and 1930s, the Mestizos of Kisar, a dry, almost barren island in the Dutch East Indies off the coast of East Timor, were a model for the study of race mixing or human hybridity. Discovered in the late nineteenth century, these ‘anomalous blondes’ of Dutch and Kisarese ancestry became subjects of intense scrutiny by physical anthropologists. As a German specialist in tropical medicine in search of a convenient empire after 1918, Ernst Rodenwaldt favourably evaluated the physique and mentality of the isolated, fair Mestizos in the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia). Back in Germany in the 1930s, as professor of hygiene at Heidelberg, his views on race hardened to accord with Nazi doctrine. Yet after the war, Rodenwaldt successfully cited his earlier appreciation of mixed-race peoples in the eastern Malay Archipelago as grounds for rehabilitation. Once a celebrated case study in human hybridity, the Mestizos of Kisar were erased from anthropological discussion in the 1950s, when race mixing ceased to be a biological issue and became instead a sociological interest. Still, Rodenwaldt's work continues to exert some limited influence in the eastern parts of the archipelago and among the Kisarese diaspora, indicating the penetrance and resilience of colonial racialisation projects.
Prusiner, Stanley B
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-09-2011
Cycles and circulation: a theme in the history of biology and medicine.
Publisher: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.17863/CAM.69324
Applying a southern solvent: An interview with Warwick Anderson,Aplicação de uma solução do sul: Entrevista com Warwick Anderson
Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
Date: 12-2016
DOI: 10.1590/S0104-59702016000500012
Abstract: Abstract An interview by the editor and a member of the scientific board of História, Ciências, Saúde – Manguinhos with Warwick Anderson, a leading historian of science and race from Australia. He talks about his training, positions he held at US universities, his publications, and his research at the University of Sydney. He discusses his current concern with the circulation of racial knowledge and biological materials as well as with the construction of networks of racial studies in the global south during the twentieth century. He also challenges the traditional historiography of science, which conventionally has been told from a Eurocentric perspective.
Cycles and circulation: a theme in the history of biology and medicine
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-07-2021
DOI: 10.1007/S40656-021-00425-3
Abstract: We invite systematic consideration of the metaphors of cycles and circulation as a long-term theme in the history of the life and environmental sciences and medicine. Ubiquitous in ancient religious and philosophical traditions, especially in representing the seasons and the motions of celestial bodies, circles once symbolized perfection. Over the centuries cyclic images in western medicine, natural philosophy, natural history and eventually biology gained independence from cosmology and theology and came to depend less on strictly circular forms. As potent ‘canonical icons’, cycles also interacted with representations of linear and irreversible change, including arrows, arcs, scales, series and trees, as in theories of the Earth and of evolution. In modern times life cycles and reproductive cycles have often been held to characterize life, in some cases especially female life, while human efforts selectively to foster and disrupt these cycles have harnessed their productivity in medicine and agriculture. But strong cyclic metaphors have continued to link physiology and climatology, medicine and economics, and biology and manufacturing, notably through the relations between land, food and population. From the grand nineteenth-century transformations of matter to systems ecology, the circulation of molecules through organic and inorganic compartments has posed the problem of maintaining identity in the face of flux and highlights the seductive ability of cyclic schemes to imply closure where no original state was in fact restored. More concerted attention to cycles and circulation will enrich analyses of the power of metaphors to naturalize understandings of life and their shaping by practical interests and political imaginations.
A Sunburnt Country: Reflections on Race, Whiteness & the Geo-Politics of Settlement in Australia
Publisher: JSTOR
Date: 2002
DOI: 10.2307/40111442
Early perceptions of an epidemic
Publisher: The Royal Society
Date: 27-11-2008
Abstract: This article surveys some descriptions of the Fore people made on early contact in the 1950s by patrol officers, social anthropologists and medical doctors. Sorcery accusations and cannibalism initially impressed these outside observers, though gradually they came to realize that a strange and fatal condition called kuru was a major affliction of the Fore, especially women and children. Fore attributed kuru to sorcery, anthropologists speculated on psychosomatic causes and medical officers began to wonder if it was a mysterious encephalitis.
Chapter 8: Geography, Race and Nation: Remapping “Tropical” Australia, 1890–1930
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 2000
Acute theophylline intoxication
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-1991
DOI: 10.1016/S0196-0644(05)81394-0
Abstract: We describe a case of intentional acute theophylline intoxication with cardiac, cerebral, and gastrointestinal features of moderate-to-severe toxicity. The unusual metabolic and hematologic sequelae included hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, metabolic acidosis, extreme neutrophilia, increased creatinine levels attributed to muscle damage, and hematuria. The implications of these unusual findings for the management of acute theophylline intoxication include the recognition that these effects can be due to intoxication per se and do not necessarily indicate a primary endocrine disorder or infection.
Conquest and Pestilence in the Early Spanish Philippines
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 12-2013
Imperial Hygiene: A Critical History of Colonialism, Nationalism and Public Health
Publisher: JSTOR
Date: 2004
DOI: 10.2307/40111488
‘Things Do Look Different from Here, on the Borderlands’: An Interview with Warwick Anderson
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 03-2017
Asia as method in science and technology studies
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-2012
The Whiteness of Bioethics
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-01-2021
Not Quite White: White Trash and the Boundaries of Whiteness (review)
Publisher: Project MUSE
Date: 2010
DOI: 10.1353/BHM.0.0330
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