ORCID Profile
0000-0002-1958-2827
Current Organisation
USDA Agricultural Research Service
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Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-11-2010
DOI: 10.1007/S00122-010-1482-7
Abstract: The stem rust resistance gene Sr2 has provided broad-spectrum protection against stem rust (Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici) since its wide spread deployment in wheat from the 1940s. Because Sr2 confers partial resistance which is difficult to select under field conditions, a DNA marker is desirable that accurately predicts Sr2 in erse wheat germplasm. Using DNA sequence derived from the vicinity of the Sr2 locus, we developed a cleaved lified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) marker that is associated with the presence or absence of the gene in 115 of 122 (95%) erse wheat lines. The marker genotype predicted the absence of the gene in 100% of lines which were considered to lack Sr2. Discrepancies were observed in lines that were predicted to carry Sr2 but failed to show the CAPS marker. Given the high level of accuracy observed, the marker provides breeders with a selection tool for one of the most important disease resistance genes of wheat.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-02-2022
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-022-28453-Y
Abstract: Allopolyploidy greatly expands the range of possible regulatory interactions among functionally redundant homoeologous genes. However, connection between the emerging regulatory complexity and expression and phenotypic ersity in polyploid crops remains elusive. Here, we use erse wheat accessions to map expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) and evaluate their effects on the population-scale variation in homoeolog expression dosage. The relative contribution of cis - and trans -eQTL to homoeolog expression variation is strongly affected by both selection and demographic events. Though trans -acting effects play major role in expression regulation, the expression dosage of homoeologs is largely influenced by cis -acting variants, which appear to be subjected to selection. The frequency and expression of homoeologous gene alleles showing strong expression dosage bias are predictive of variation in yield-related traits, and have likely been impacted by breeding for increased productivity. Our study highlights the importance of genomic variants affecting homoeolog expression dosage in shaping agronomic phenotypes and points at their potential utility for improving yield in polyploid crops.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 07-11-2022
Abstract: Wheat occupies a special role in global food security since, in addition to providing 20% of our carbohydrates and protein, almost 25% of the global production is traded internationally. The importance of wheat for food security was recognised by the Chief Agricultural Scientists of the G20 group of countries when they endorsed the establishment of the Wheat Initiative in 2011. The Wheat Initiative was tasked with supporting the wheat research community by facilitating collaboration, information and resource sharing and helping to build the capacity to address challenges facing production in an increasingly variable environment. Many countries invest in wheat research. Innovations in wheat breeding and agronomy have delivered enormous gains over the past few decades, with the average global yield increasing from just over 1 tonne per hectare in the early 1960s to around 3.5 tonnes in the past decade. These gains are threatened by climate change, the rapidly rising financial and environmental costs of fertilizer, and pesticides, combined with declines in water availability for irrigation in many regions. The international wheat research community has worked to identify major opportunities to help ensure that global wheat production can meet demand. The outcomes of these discussions are presented in this paper.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-2023
Location: United States of America
No related grants have been discovered for Gina Brown-Guedira.