ORCID Profile
0000-0002-7366-3767
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Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 05-2005
DOI: 10.1093/PCP/PCI075
Abstract: Histones are essential for packaging of eukaryotic genomic DNA in nucleosomes, and histone gene expression is normally coupled with DNA synthesis. Some of the flowering plant histone genes show strictly male gamete-specific expression. However, mechanisms underlying their male gamete-specific expression have not been elucidated so far. Here we report the isolation of the male gamete-specific histone gcH3 promoter from Lilium longiflorum and its activity in the male gametic cell of the flowering plant. The OCT motif, which is well conserved in plant histone promoters regulating S phase-specific expression, is not conserved in the gcH3 promoter. Instead sequence motifs identical to GC box 1 and GC box 2, the transcriptional activator and suppressor for mammalian testis-specific histone H1t, are present in the gcH3 promoter, suggesting that plants and animals share the mechanism which governs the specificity of gene expression in male gametic cells. Male gamete-specific activation of the gcH3 promoter has been confirmed by microprojectile bombardment in lily pollen. The sperm cell carrying gold particles showed reporter gene expression, while green fluorescent protein (GFP) was absent in the other sperm cell which had no particles, confirming that the gcH3 promoter is activated in the male gametic cell, and sperm cells have transcriptional and translational machinery that is independent of the vegetative cell of pollen.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2023
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-02-2015
DOI: 10.1007/S00122-015-2482-4
Abstract: The research identified rye chromosome 4R arms associated with good pollinator traits, and demonstrated possible use of rye genetic resources to develop elite pollinators for hybrid wheat breeding. Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) is a predominantly self-pollinating plant which has relatively small-sized anthers and produces a low number of pollen grains. These features limit the suitability of most wheat lines as pollinators for hybrid seed production. One strategy for improving the pollination ability of wheat is to introgress cross-pollination traits from related species. One such species is rye (Secale cereale L.), which has suitable traits such as high anther extrusion, long anthers containing large amounts of pollen and long pollen viability. Therefore, introducing these traits into wheat is of great interest in hybrid wheat breeding. Here, we investigated wheat-rye chromosome addition lines for the effects of rye chromosomes on anther and pollen development in wheat. Using a single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping array, we detected 984 polymorphic markers that showed expected syntenic relationships between wheat and rye. Our results revealed that the addition of rye chromosomes 1R or 2R reduced pollen fertility, while addition of rye chromosome 4R increased anther size by 16% and pollen grain number by 33%. The effect on anther length was associated with increases in both cell size and the number of endothecium cells and was attributed to the long arm of chromosome 4R. In contrast, the effect on pollen grain number was attributed to the short arm of chromosome 4R. These results indicate that rye chromosome 4R contains at least two genetic factors associated with increased anther size and pollen grain number that can favourably affect pollination traits in wheat.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 1999
DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDJOURNALS.PCP.A029512
Abstract: Calcium plays an essential role during pollen development and pollen tube growth, and several Ca(2+)-binding proteins are expressed in anthers. We have previously reported that Brassica pollen allergens encoded by Bra r 1 and Bra r 2 show sequence similarities to Ca(2+)-binding proteins [Toriyama et al. (1995) Plant Mol. Biol. 29: 1157]. Herein, we report that both genes are expressed in the diploid tapetum and haploid microspores, as detected by in situ RNA hybridization. Immunoblot analysis revealed that Bra r 1 and Bra r 2 were accumulated in anthers during pollen development. When pollen grains were suspended in an aqueous solution, both proteins were mainly detected in the pollen extracellular fraction, indicating that Bra r 1 and Bra r 2 are released from the pollen upon hydration. Localization of Bra r 1 was further investigated in sections of anthers and pollen tubes. Bra r 1 was detected in the tapetum, microspores and pollen grains. In longitudinal sections of cross-pollinated pistils. Bra r 1 was detected throughout pollen tubes elongating in transmitting-tissue. These findings suggest that Bra r 1 may be involved in pollen-pistil interaction and pollen tube growth.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-09-1998
DOI: 10.1016/S0014-5793(98)00992-2
Abstract: The Brassica pollen allergen Bra r 1 belongs to a new family of Ca2+-binding proteins, characterized by the presence of two potential EF-hand calcium-binding domains. Disruption of these EF-hand motifs by amino acid substitutions demonstrated that both domains of Bra r 1 constitute functional Ca2+-binding sites. Calcium-binding deficient mutants displayed significantly reduced IgE-binding activity. Injection of these mutated Bra r 1 variants into a murine model system showed that mouse IgG raised against the mutants recognized native Bra r 1 in Brassica pollen extracts suggesting the potential use of the engineered allergens for effective immunotherapy.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 19-04-2023
DOI: 10.3390/IJMS24087545
Abstract: Oocytes can be supplemented with extra copies of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to enhance developmental outcome. Pigs generated through supplementation with mtDNA derived from either sister (autologous) or third-party (heterologous) oocytes have been shown to exhibit only minor differences in growth, physiological and biochemical assessments, and health and well-being do not appear affected. However, it remains to be determined whether changes in gene expression identified during preimplantation development persisted and affected the gene expression of adult tissues indicative of high mtDNA copy number. It is also unknown if autologous and heterologous mtDNA supplementation resulted in different patterns of gene expression. Our transcriptome analyses revealed that genes involved in immune response and glyoxylate metabolism were commonly affected in brain, heart and liver tissues by mtDNA supplementation. The source of mtDNA influenced the expression of genes associated with oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), suggesting a link between the use of third-party mtDNA and OXPHOS. We observed a significant difference in parental allele-specific imprinted gene expression in mtDNA-supplemented-derived pigs, with shifts to biallelic expression with no effect on expression levels. Overall, mtDNA supplementation influences the expression of genes in important biological processes in adult tissues. Consequently, it is important to determine the effect of these changes on animal development and health.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 14-02-2023
DOI: 10.3390/IJMS24043783
Abstract: Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deficiency correlates with poor oocyte quality and fertilisation failure. However, the supplementation of mtDNA deficient oocytes with extra copies of mtDNA improves fertilisation rates and embryo development. The molecular mechanisms associated with oocyte developmental incompetence, and the effects of mtDNA supplementation on embryo development are largely unknown. We investigated the association between the developmental competence of Sus scrofa oocytes, assessed with Brilliant Cresyl Blue, and transcriptome profiles. We also analysed the effects of mtDNA supplementation on the developmental transition from the oocyte to the blastocyst by longitudinal transcriptome analysis. mtDNA deficient oocytes revealed downregulation of genes associated with RNA metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation, including 56 small nucleolar RNA genes and 13 mtDNA protein coding genes. We also identified the downregulation of a large subset of genes for meiotic and mitotic cell cycle process, suggesting that developmental competence affects the completion of meiosis II and first embryonic cell ision. The supplementation of oocytes with mtDNA in combination with fertilisation improves the maintenance of the expression of several key developmental genes and the patterns of parental allele-specific imprinting gene expression in blastocysts. These results suggest associations between mtDNA deficiency and meiotic cell cycle and the developmental effects of mtDNA supplementation on Sus scrofa blastocysts.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-08-2022
DOI: 10.1002/MRD.23640
Abstract: The mitochondrial genome resides in the mitochondria present in nearly all cell types. The porcine ( Sus scrofa ) mitochondrial genome is circa 16.7 kb in size and exists in the multimeric format in cells. In idual cell types have different numbers of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number based on their requirements for ATP produced by oxidative phosphorylation. The oocyte has the largest number of mtDNA of any cell type. During oogenesis, the oocyte sets mtDNA copy number in order that sufficient copies are available to support subsequent developmental events. It also initiates a program of epigenetic patterning that regulates, for ex le, DNA methylation levels of the nuclear genome. Once fertilized, the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes establish synchrony to ensure that the embryo and fetus can complete each developmental milestone. However, altering the oocyte's mtDNA copy number by mitochondrial supplementation can affect the programming and gene expression profiles of the developing embryo and, in oocytes deficient of mtDNA, it appears to have a positive impact on the embryo development rates and gene expression profiles. Furthermore, mtDNA haplotypes, which define common maternal origins, appear to affect developmental outcomes and certain reproductive traits. Nevertheless, the manipulation of the mitochondrial content of an oocyte might have a developmental advantage.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-2001
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 06-2006
DOI: 10.1093/PCP/PCJ040
Abstract: The generative cell, the male gametic cell progenitor in flowering plants, undergoes mitotic ision to produce two sperm cells. We have examined the gene expression profile of the Lilium longiflorum (lily) generative cell by sequencing expressed sequence tags (ESTs). A total of 886 ESTs derived from the generative cell cDNA library were clustered into 637 unique ESTs comprising 123 cluster ESTs and 514 singleton ESTs. Thirty-nine percent of non-redundant ESTs showing similarity to Arabidopsis genes with known function were thus assigned putative functions. Genes related to the ubiquitin system were abundant, suggesting the key role of ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis in gametogenesis. A total of 168 and 129 non-redundant lily generative cell ESTs showed significant similarity to maize sperm cell ESTs and Arabidopsis male gametophyte-specific transcripts, respectively. Fifty-five ESTs appeared to have significant similarities to both maize sperm cell ESTs and Arabidopsis male gametophyte-specific genes, indicating conservation of male gamete-expressed genes across different plant genera. Thus our data provide a handle to identify Arabidopsis gamete-expressed genes and to investigate their function. Several of these genes are potential candidates for analyzing the molecular basis of fertilization and for investigating mechanisms of gamete-specific transcriptional regulation in Arabidopsis through bioinformatics-based approaches.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-04-2022
DOI: 10.1186/S13072-022-00442-X
Abstract: Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number in oocytes correlates with oocyte quality and fertilisation outcome. The introduction of additional copies of mtDNA through mitochondrial supplementation of mtDNA-deficient Sus scrofa oocytes resulted in: (1) improved rates of fertilisation (2) increased mtDNA copy number in the 2-cell stage embryo and (3) improved development of the embryo to the blastocyst stage. Furthermore, a subset of genes showed changes in gene expression. However, it is still unknown if mitochondrial supplementation alters global and local DNA methylation patterns during early development. We generated a series of embryos in a model animal, Sus scrofa , by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and mitochondrial supplementation in combination with ICSI (mICSI). The DNA methylation status of ICSI- and mICSI-derived blastocysts was analysed by whole genome bisulfite sequencing. At a global level, the additional copies of mtDNA did not affect nuclear DNA methylation profiles of blastocysts, though over 2000 local genomic regions exhibited differential levels of DNA methylation. In terms of the imprinted genes, DNA methylation patterns were conserved in putative imprint control regions and the gene expression profile of these genes and genes involved in embryonic genome activation were not affected by mitochondrial supplementation. However, 52 genes showed significant differences in expression as demonstrated by RNAseq analysis. The affected gene networks involved haematological system development and function, tissue morphology and cell cycle. Furthermore, seven mtDNA-encoded t-RNAs were downregulated in mICSI-derived blastocysts suggesting that extra copies of mtDNA affected tRNA processing and/or turnover, hence protein synthesis in blastocysts. We also showed a potential association between differentially methylated regions and changes in expression for 55 genes due to mitochondrial supplementation. The addition of just an extra ~ 800 copies of mtDNA into oocytes can have a significant impact on both gene expression and DNA methylation profiles in Sus scrofa blastocysts by altering the epigenetic programming established during oogenesis. Some of these changes may affect specific tissue-types later in life. Consequently, it is important to determine the longitudinal effect of these molecular changes on growth and development before considering human clinical practice.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-03-1998
DOI: 10.1016/S0014-5793(98)00174-4
Abstract: A polyclonal antiserum was raised against the extracellular pollen proteins of Brassica rapa and used for screening the expression cDNA libraries made from immature anthers. We obtained five groups of cDNA clones, including cDNAs similar to PCP1, thioredoxin, and lipid transfer protein (LTP). Recombinant protein of the cDNA clone showing sequence similarity to LTP was demonstrated to bind IgE of a patient allergic to Brassica pollen. The cDNA clone reported here, therefore, represents a novel pollen allergen of Brassica rapa.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2013
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 06-2000
DOI: 10.1093/PCP/41.6.757
Abstract: Bra r 1 encodes a Ca2+-binding protein specifically expressed in anthers of Brassica rapa. In this study, we isolated a genomic clone of Bra r 1 and found sequences similar to Pollen Box core motifs and LAT56/59 box, pollen-specific cis-acting element, in the 5' upstream region of Bra r 1. Reporter gene fusion revealed that the Bra r 1 promoter directs male gametophytic expression in Nicotiana tabacum, Arabidopsis thaliana and B. napus, showing strong expression in mature pollen grains similar to that of endogenous Bra r 1. Genomic DNA of Bra r 1 was introduced into tobacco plants and the highest accumulation of Bra r 1 protein was observed in mature pollen in the same manner as reporter gene expression. Using in vitro-germinated pollen tubes of transgenic tobacco, we firstly demonstrated the subcellular localization of Bra r 1 in pollen tubes. Bra r 1 protein was distributed throughout the pollen tube of transgenic tobacco and slightly intense signals of Bra r 1 were observed in the tip region. In long-germinated pollen tubes, Bra r 1 was detected only in the cytoplasmic compartments while no signals were observed in the empty part of the pollen tube, indicating that cytoplasmic movement toward the tube tip is accompanied by Bra r 1. Hence, we suggest that Bra r 1 is involved in pollen germination and pollen tube growth.
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2019
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-2013
DOI: 10.1111/NPH.12574
Abstract: Apomixis or asexual seed formation in Hieracium praealtum (Asteraceae) is controlled by two independent dominant loci. One of these, the LOSS OF APOMEIOSIS (LOA) locus, controls apomixis initiation, mitotic embryo sac formation (apospory) and suppression of the sexual pathway. The LOA locus is found near the end of a hemizygous chromosome surrounded by extensive repeats extending along the chromosome arm. Similar apomixis-carrying chromosome structures have been found in some apomictic grasses, suggesting that the extensive repetitive sequences may be functionally relevant to apomixis. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to examine chromosomes of apomeiosis deletion mutants and rare recombinants in the critical LOA region arising from a cross between sexual Hieracium pilosella and apomictic H. praealtum. The combined analyses of aposporous and nonaposporous recombinant progeny and chromosomal karyotypes were used to determine that the functional LOA locus can be genetically separated from the very extensive repeat regions found on the LOA-carrying chromosome. The large-scale repetitive sequences associated with the LOA locus in H. praealtum are not essential for apospory or suppression of sexual megasporogenesis (female meiosis).
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-03-2019
DOI: 10.1007/S00122-019-03329-W
Abstract: Elite wheat pollinators are critical for successful hybrid breeding. We identified Rht-B1 and Ppd-D1 loci affecting multiple pollinator traits and therefore represent major targets for improving hybrid seed production. Hybrid breeding has a great potential to significantly boost wheat yields. Ideal male pollinators would be taller in stature, contain many spikelets well-spaced along the spike and exhibit high extrusion of large anthers. Most importantly, flowering time would match with that of the female parent. Available genetic resources for developing an elite wheat pollinator are limited, and the genetic basis for many of these traits is largely unknown. Here, we report on the genetic analysis of pollinator traits using biparental mapping populations. We identified two anther extrusion QTLs of medium effect, one on chromosome 1BL and the other on 4BS coinciding with the semi-dwarfing Rht-B1 locus. The effect of Rht-B1 alleles on anther extrusion is genotype dependent, while tall plant Rht-B1a allele is consistently associated with large anthers. Multiple QTLs were identified at the Ppd-D1 locus for anther length, spikelet number and spike length, with the photoperiod-sensitive Ppd-D1b allele associated with favourable pollinator traits in the populations studied. We also demonstrated that homeoloci, Rht-D1 and Ppd-B1, influence anther length among other traits. These results suggest that combinations of Rht-B1 and Ppd-D1 alleles control multiple pollinator traits and should be major targets of hybrid wheat breeding programs.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2010
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-11-2007
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-04-2011
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2003
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-08-2006
DOI: 10.1007/S11103-006-9036-8
Abstract: Histones are vital structural proteins of chromatin that influence its dynamics and function. The tissue-specific expression of histone variants has been shown to regulate the expression of specific genes and genomic stability in animal systems. Here we report on the characterization of five histone H3 variants expressed in Lilium generative cell. The gcH3 and leH3 variants show unique sequence ersity by lacking a conserved lysine residue at position 9 (H3K9). The gH3 shares conserved structural features with centromeric H3 of Arabidopsis. The gH3 variant gene is strongly expressed in generative cells and gH3 histone is incorporated in to generative cell chromatin. The lysine residue of H3 at position 4 (H3K4) is highly methylated in the nuclei of generative cells of mature pollen, while methylation of H3K4 is low in vegetative cell nuclei. Taken together, these results suggest that male gametic cells of Lilium have unique chromatin state and histone H3 variants and their methylation might be involved in gene regulation of male gametic cells.
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1071/FP20181
Abstract: Hybrid breeding in wheat has the potential to boost yields. An efficient hybrid seed production system requires elite pollinators however, such germplasm is limited among modern cultivars. Piko, a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar, has been identified as a superior pollinator and has been used in Europe. Piko has favourable pollinator traits for anther extrusion, anther length, pollen mass and hybrid seed set. However, the genetic factors responsible for Piko’s favourable traits are largely unknown. Here, we report on the genetic analysis of a Piko-derived F2 mapping population. We confirmed that Piko’s Rht-D1a allele for tall stature is associated with large anthers and high anther extrusion. However, Rht-D1 was not found to be associated with anther filament length, confirmed by near isogenic lines. Piko’s photoperiod sensitive Ppd-B1b allele shows an association with increased spike length, more spikelets and spike architecture traits, while the insensitive Ppd-B1a allele is linked with high anther extrusion and larger anthers. We identified an anther extrusion quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome 6A that showed significantly biased transmission of the favourable Piko allele amongst F2 progenies. The Piko allele is completely absent in the distal 6AS region and the central 6A region revealed a significantly lower ratio (& %) of F2 with homozygous Piko alleles. Our study provided further evidence for the effects of Rht-D1 and Ppd-B1 loci on multiple pollinator traits and a novel anther extrusion QTL that exhibits segregation distortion.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 06-09-2011
Abstract: The LOSS OF APOMEIOSIS (LOA) locus is one of two dominant loci known to control apomixis in the eudicot Hieracium praealtum. LOA stimulates the differentiation of somatic aposporous initial cells after the initiation of meiosis in ovules. Aposporous initial cells undergo nuclear proliferation close to sexual megaspores, forming unreduced aposporous embryo sacs, and the sexual program ceases. LOA-linked genetic markers were used to isolate 1.2 Mb of LOA-associated DNAs from H. praealtum. Physical mapping defined the genomic region essential for LOA function between two markers, flanking 400 kb of identified sequence and central unknown sequences. Cytogenetic and sequence analyses revealed that the LOA locus is located on a single chromosome near the tip of the long arm and surrounded by extensive, abundant complex repeat and transposon sequences. Chromosomal features and LOA-linked markers are conserved in aposporous Hieracium caespitosum and Hieracium piloselloides but absent in sexual Hieracium pilosella. Their absence in apomictic Hieracium aurantiacum suggests that meiotic avoidance may have evolved independently in aposporous subgenus Pilosella species. The structure of the hemizygous chromosomal region containing the LOA locus in the three Hieracium subgenus Pilosella species resembles that of the hemizygous apospory-specific genomic regions in monocot Pennisetum squamulatum and Cenchrus ciliaris. Analyses of partial DNA sequences at these loci show no obvious conservation, indicating that they are unlikely to share a common ancestral origin. This suggests convergent evolution of repeat-rich hemizygous chromosomal regions containing apospory loci in these monocot and eudicot species, which may be required for the function and maintenance of the trait.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 31-10-2013
DOI: 10.1093/JXB/ERT333
Abstract: Global food security demands the development and delivery of new technologies to increase and secure cereal production on finite arable land without increasing water and fertilizer use. There are several options for boosting wheat yields, but most offer only small yield increases. Wheat is an inbred plant, and hybrids hold the potential to deliver a major lift in yield and will open a wide range of new breeding opportunities. A series of technological advances are needed as a base for hybrid wheat programmes. These start with major changes in floral development and architecture to separate the sexes and force outcrossing. Male sterility provides the best method to block self-fertilization, and modifying the flower structure will enhance pollen access. The recent explosion in genomic resources and technologies provides new opportunities to overcome these limitations. This review outlines the problems with existing hybrid wheat breeding systems and explores molecular-based technologies that could improve the hybrid production system to reduce hybrid seed production costs, a prerequisite for a commercial hybrid wheat system.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 18-02-2011
DOI: 10.1093/JXB/ERR011
Abstract: Mendel used hawkweeds and other plants to verify the laws of inheritance he discovered using Pisum. Trait segregation was not evident in hawkweeds because many form seeds asexually by apomixis. Meiosis does not occur during female gametophyte formation and the mitotically formed embryo sacs do not require fertilization for seed development. The resulting progeny retain a maternal genotype. Hawkweeds in Hieracium subgenus Pilosella form mitotic embryo sacs by apospory. The initiation of sexual reproduction is required to stimulate apospory in ovules and to promote the function of the dominant locus, LOSS OF APOMEIOSIS, which stimulates the differentiation of somatic aposporous initial (AI) cells near sexually programmed cells. As AI cells undergo nuclear mitosis the sexual pathway terminates. The function of the dominant locus LOSS OF PARTHENOGENESIS in aposporous embryo sacs enables fertilization-independent embryo and endosperm development. Deletion of either locus results in partial reversion to sexual reproduction, and loss of function in both loci results in reversion to sexual development. In these apomicts, sexual reproduction is therefore the default reproductive mode upon which apomixis is superimposed. These loci are unlikely to encode factors critical for sexual reproduction but might recruit the sexual pathway to enable apomixis. Incomplete functional penetrance of these dominant loci is likely to lead to the generation of rare sexual progeny also derived from these facultative apomicts.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-06-2019
DOI: 10.1111/TPJ.14350
Abstract: Nuclear male-sterile mutants with non-conditional, recessive and strictly monogenic inheritance are useful for both hybrid and conventional breeding systems, and have long been a research focus for many crops. In allohexaploid wheat, however, genic redundancy results in rarity of such mutants, with the ethyl methanesulfonate-induced mutant ms5 among the few reported to date. Here, we identify TaMs5 as a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored lipid transfer protein required for normal pollen exine development, and by transgenic complementation demonstrate that TaMs5-A restores fertility to ms5. We show ms5 locates to a centromere-proximal interval and has a sterility inheritance pattern modulated by TaMs5-D but not TaMs5-B. We describe two allelic forms of TaMs5-D, one of which is non-functional and confers mono-factorial inheritance of sterility. The second form is functional but shows incomplete dominance. Consistent with reduced functionality, transcript abundance in developing anthers was found to be lower for TaMs5-D than TaMs5-A. At the 3B homoeolocus, we found only non-functional alleles among 178 erse hexaploid and tetraploid wheats that include landraces and Triticum dicoccoides. Apparent ubiquity of non-functional TaMs5-B alleles suggests loss-of-function arose early in wheat evolution and, therefore, at most knockout of two homoeoloci is required for sterility. This work provides genetic information, resources and tools required for successful implementation of ms5 sterility in breeding systems for bread and durum wheats.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 30-11-2018
DOI: 10.1093/JXB/ERX410
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 29-02-2012
DOI: 10.1093/JXB/ERS047
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-1995
DOI: 10.1007/BF00020459
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 14-01-2022
Abstract: Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) methylation in vertebrates has been hotly debated for over 40 years. Most contrasting results have been reported following bisulfite sequencing (BS-seq) analyses. We addressed whether BS-seq experimental and analysis conditions influenced the estimation of the levels of methylation in specific mtDNA sequences. We found false positive non-CpG methylation in the CHH context (fpCHH) using unmethylated Sus scrofa mtDNA BS-seq data. fpCHH methylation was detected on the top lus strand of mtDNA within low guanine content regions. These top lus strand sequences of fpCHH regions would become extremely AT-rich sequences after BS-conversion, whilst bottom/minus strand sequences remained almost unchanged. These unique sequences caused BS-seq aligners to falsely assign the origin of each strand in fpCHH regions, resulting in false methylation calls. fpCHH methylation detection was enhanced by short sequence reads, short library inserts, skewed top/bottom read ratios and non-directional read mapping modes. We confirmed no detectable CHH methylation in fpCHH regions by BS- licon sequencing. The fpCHH peaks were located in the D-loop, ATP6, ND2, ND4L, ND5 and ND6 regions and identified in our S. scrofa ovary and oocyte data and human BS-seq data sets. We conclude that non-CpG methylation could potentially be overestimated in specific sequence regions by BS-seq analysis.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-10-2005
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-01-2007
DOI: 10.1007/S00299-006-0300-9
Abstract: The generative cell, which is produced by asymmetric ision of the unicellular microspore, undergoes further mitotic ision to produce two sperm cells that take part in double fertilization. Expressed sequence tag (EST) analysis of Lilium longiflorum (lily) generative cell cDNA library has shown that a erse complement of genes is transcribed in these cells. Here we address the cell specificity of genes expressed in lily generative cell by using spotted cDNA microarray. Microarray slides were hybridized with labeled probes prepared from transcripts originating from generative cells and other tissues (mature pollen, uninucleate microspore, ovary, root tip, and shoot). The hierarchical clustering revealed that 356 of 430 gene transcripts (83%) of generative-cell genes were up regulated in generative cells. Thirty-eight percent of generative-cell-enriched transcripts were assigned their putative functions, with an abundance of genes involved in protein destination and signal transduction. These results suggest that the expression of a subset of flowering plant genes is tightly controlled and up-regulated in generative cells in order to implement their specialized function. These data thus represent a significant increase in the genes identified as being up-regulated in generative cells and would allow functional analysis of a large number of flowering plant male gamete expressed genes.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-07-2020
DOI: 10.1111/IMCB.12363
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-10-2017
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-017-00945-2
Abstract: The current rate of yield gain in crops is insufficient to meet the predicted demands. Capturing the yield boost from heterosis is one of the few technologies that offers rapid gain. Hybrids are widely used for cereals, maize and rice, but it has been a challenge to develop a viable hybrid system for bread wheat due to the wheat genome complexity, which is both large and hexaploid. Wheat is our most widely grown crop providing 20% of the calories for humans. Here, we describe the identification of Ms1 , a gene proposed for use in large-scale, low-cost production of male-sterile ( ms ) female lines necessary for hybrid wheat seed production. We show that Ms1 completely restores fertility to ms1d , and encodes a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored lipid transfer protein, necessary for pollen exine development. This represents a key step towards developing a robust hybridization platform in wheat.
Location: No location found
No related grants have been discovered for Takashi Okada.