ORCID Profile
0000-0001-9059-9253
Current Organisation
University of Greenwich
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Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 25-02-2011
DOI: 10.1017/S0021859611000207
Abstract: Global changes including increases in temperature, atmospheric greenhouse gases, soil degradation and competition for land and water resources, will have multiple impacts on rice production systems in Africa. These changes will affect weed communities, and management approaches must be adapted to take this into account. Higher temperatures and limited water availability will generally advantage C 4 over C 3 plants (e.g. rice). Conversely, elevated carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) levels will improve the competitiveness of rice relative to C 4 weeds, which comprise many of the problem weeds of rice. Increased atmospheric CO 2 levels may also improve tolerance of rice against parasitic weeds, while prevalence of parasitic species may be lified by soil degradation and more frequent droughts or floods. Elevated CO 2 levels tend to promote growth below-ground relative to above-ground, particularly in perennial (C 3 ) species. This may render mechanical control of weeds within a cropping season less effective or even counterproductive. Increased CO 2 levels, rainfall and temperature may also reduce the effectiveness of chemical control, while the implementation of adaptation technologies, such as water-saving irrigation regimes, will have negative consequences for rice–weed competition. Rain-fed production systems are prevalent throughout Africa and these are likely to be most vulnerable to direct effects of climate change (e.g. higher temperatures and changes in rainfall patterns). Effective weed management strategies in these environments could encompass off-season tillage, the use of well-adapted cultivars (i.e. those with drought and heat tolerance, high weed competitiveness and parasitic weed resistance or tolerance) and rotations, intercropping or short, off-season fallows with weed-suppressive legumes including those that suppress parasitic weeds. In irrigated, non-flooded rice systems, weeds are expected to become more serious. Specifically, perennial rhizomatous C 3 weeds and species adapted to hydromorphic conditions are expected to increase in prevalence. By implementing an integrated weed management strategy primarily targeted at weed prevention, dependency on flood water, herbicides and mechanical control can be lessened. Off-season deep tillage, stale seed bed techniques, use of clean seeds and irrigation water, competitive cultivars, timely transplanting at optimum spacing and judicious fertilizer timings are suitable candidate components for such a strategy. Integrated, novel approaches must be developed to assist farmers in coping with the challenges of weed control in the future.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-03-2021
DOI: 10.1111/NPH.17271
Abstract: Host plant defence mechanisms (resistance and tolerance) and plant nutrition are two of the most widely proposed components for the control of hemiparasitic weeds of the genus Striga in tropical cereal production systems. Neither of the two components alone is effective enough to prevent parasitism and concomitant crop losses. This review explores the potential of improved plant nutrition, being the chemical constituent of soil fertility, to fortify the expression of plant inherent resistance and tolerance against Striga . Beyond reviewing advances in parasitic plant research, we assess relevant insights from phytopathology and plant physiology in the broader sense to identify opportunities and knowledge gaps and to develop the way forward regarding research and development of combining genetics and plant nutrition for the durable control of Striga .
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-02-2020
DOI: 10.1002/PPP3.10098
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Jonne Rodenburg.