ORCID Profile
0000-0002-2869-9971
Current Organisation
Queensland University of Technology
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Law | Intellectual Property | Intellectual Property Law | Computer Software Not Elsewhere Classified | Innovation and Technology Management | Environmental and Natural Resources Law | International Law (excl. International Trade Law) | Journalism, Communication And Media Not Elsewhere Classified | Other Information, Computing And Communication Sciences
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Primary products from plants | Law Reform | Ornamentals, Australian natives and nursery plants | Justice and the law not elsewhere classified | Library and related information services | Management and productivity issues not elsewhere classified | Information services not elsewhere classified | Horticultural crops | Higher education | Biological sciences |
Related Links
Publications
Texture and diagenesis of Ordovician shale from the Canning Basin, Western Australia: Implications for elastic anisotropy and geomechanical properties
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2015
Kummerite, Mn2+Fe3+Al(PO4)2(OH)2•8H2O, a new laueite-group mineral from the Hagendorf Süd pegmatite, Bavaria, with ordering of Al and Fe3+
Publisher: Mineralogical Society
Date: 12-2016
DOI: 10.1180/MINMAG.2016.080.061
Abstract: Kummerite, ideally Mn 2+ Fe 3+ A1(PO 4 ) 2 (OH) 2 .8H 2 O, is a new secondary phosphate mineral belonging to the laueite group, from the Hagendorf-Süd pegmatite, Hagendorf, Oberpfalz, Bavaria, Germany. Kummerite occurs as sprays or rounded aggregates of very thin, typically deformed, amber yellow laths. Cleavage is good parallel to ﹛010﹜. The mineral is associated closely with green Zn- and Al-bearing beraunite needles. Other associated minerals are jahnsite-(CaMnMn) and Al-bearing frondelite. The calculated density of kummerite is 2.34 g cm 3 . It is optically biaxial (-), α= 1.565(5), β = 1.600(5) and y = 1.630(5), with weak dispersion. Pleochroism is weak, with amber yellow tones. Electron microprobe analyses (average of 13 grains) with H 2 O and FeO/Fe 2 O 3 calculated on structural grounds and normalized to 100%, gave Fe 2 O 3 17.2, FeO 4.8, MnO 5.4, MgO 2.2, ZnO 0.5, Al 2 O 3 9.8, P 2 O 5 27.6, H 2 O 32.5, total 100 wt.%. The empirical formula, based on 3 metal apfu is (Mn 2+ 0.37 Mg 0.27 Zn 0.03 Fe 2+ 0.33 ) Σ1.00 (Fe 3+ 1.06 Al 0. 94 ) Σ2.00 PO 4 ) 1.91 (OH) 2.27 (H 2 O) 7.73 . Kummerite is triclinic, P1̄, with the unit-cell parameters of a = 5.316(1) Å, b =10.620(3) Å , c = 7.118(1) Å, α = 107.33(3)°, β= 111.22(3)°, γ = 72.22(2)° and V= 348.4(2) Å 3 . The strongest lines in the powder X-ray diffraction pattern are [d obs in Å(I) (hkl)] 9.885 (100) (010) 6.476 (20) (001) 4.942 (30) (020) 3.988 (9) (̄110) 3.116 (18) (1̄20) 2.873 (11) (1̄21). Kummerite is isostructural with laueite, but differs in having Al and Fe 3+ ordered into alternate octahedral sites in the 7.1 Å trans -connected octahedral chains.
Biotite and Apatite as Tools for Tracking Pathways of Oxidized Fluids in the Archean East Repulse Gold Deposit, Australia
Publisher: Society of Economic Geologists
Date: 02-05-2013
The Discovery and Characterisation of a New U Mineral from Ilimaussaq Alkali Complex – Greenland
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 07-2009
DOI: 10.1017/S1431927609099231
Abstract: Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2009 in Richmond, Virginia, USA, July 26 – July 30, 2009
Aluminium-bearing strunzite derived from jahnsite at the Hagendorf-Süd pegmatite, Germany
Publisher: Mineralogical Society
Date: 10-2012
DOI: 10.1180/MINMAG.2012.076.5.08
Abstract: Aluminium-bearing strunzite, [Mn 0.65 Fe 0.26 Zn 0.08 Mg 0.01 ] 2+ [Fe 1.50 Al 0.50 ] 3+ (PO 4 ) 2 (OH) 2 ·6H 2 O, occurs as fibrous aggregates in a crystallographically oriented association with jahnsite on altered zwieselite s les from the phosphate pegmatite at Hagendorf Süd, Bavaria, Germany. Synchrotron X-ray data were collected from a 3 μm diameter fibre and refined in space group P to R 1 = 0.054 for 1484 observed reflections. The refinement confirmed the results of chemical analyses which showed that one quarter of the trivalent iron in the strunzite crystals is replaced by aluminium. The paragenesis revealed by scanning electron microscopy, in combination with chemical analyses and a crystal-chemical comparison of the strunzite and jahnsite structures, are consistent with strunzite being formed from jahnsite by selective leaching of (100) metal—phosphate layers containing large alent Ca and Mn atoms.
Vanquishing the “Patent-Trolls”
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 10-2008
DOI: 10.1515/JIBL.2008.33
Trick or Treaty?
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Date: 27-11-2014
The Medical Right to Repair
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 13-10-2023
DOI: 10.3390/SU152014839
The Grey Album: Copyright Law and Digital Sampling
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 02-2005
DOI: 10.1177/1329878X0511400106
Abstract: In the field of digital s ling, disk jockeys have shown a recent enthusiasm for ‘mash-ups’ — new compositions created by combining the rhythm tracks of one song and the vocal track of another. Most famously of all, DJ Danger Mouse remixed the vocals from Jay-Z's The Black Album and the Beatles' White Album and called his creation The Grey Album. The Grey Album poses a number of difficult issues regarding copyright law and digital s ling. Does such a ‘mash-up’ go beyond the de minimis use of a copyright work? Is The Grey Album protected by the defence of fair use under copyright law because it provides a transformative use of copyright works? Can such remixes by compulsorily licensed? Does a ‘mash-up’ raise issues concerning the moral rights of attribution and integrity, which are recognised in Europe and Australia?
An Examination of Defects in Diamond Using Data Clustering
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 07-2010
DOI: 10.1017/S1431927610054905
Abstract: Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2010 in Portland, Oregon, USA, August 1 – August 5, 2010.
Intellectual Ventures: Patent Law, Climate Change, and Geoengineering
Publisher: Springer Singapore
Date: 2018
Sheet AA2024-T3: a new investigation of microstructure and composition
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-03-2010
DOI: 10.1002/SIA.3163
[Book Review] A Human Rights Framework for Intellectual Property, Innovation and Access to Medicines by Joo-Young Lee
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2017
Electron microbeam analysis techniques used for the characterization of industrial minerals
Publisher: European Mineralogical Union
Date: 2011
Editors' Preface
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Date: 24-06-2010
A SXES and CL Spectral Library for the Analysis of Rare Earth Elements
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 07-2016
Metal 3D Printing
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 02-09-2022
Abstract: There has been significant investment in research and development in respect of metal 3D printing in the United States (as well as a number of other jurisdictions). There has been growing conflict over the ownership of intellectual property in respect of metal 3D printing (involving not only patents but also trade secrets and confidential information, as well as contract law and unfair competition). In 2018, Desktop Metal Inc. launched litigation against Markforged Inc. and Matiu Parangi in relation to intellectual property and metal 3D printing in the United States. As well as complaints of patent infringement, Desktop Metal Inc. has alleged that the defendants had engaged in acts of trade secret misappropriation, unfair and deceptive business practices, and breach of contract. Markforged Inc. made various counter-claims of its own. In July 2018, a Federal Jury found that Markforged Inc. did not infringe two patents held by its rival Desktop Metal Inc. Claims of further violations of trade secrets and contract law were also considered. In the end, the dispute was settled, with neither party obtaining an advantage in the litigation. There was further conflict over whether the terms of the settlement in respect of non-disparagement were honored. The parties have also faced further intellectual property conflict. In 2021, Continuous Composites has filed a patent infringement lawsuit against Markforged Inc. In 2021, Desktop Metal Inc. brought legal action against SprintRay in Germany. Drawing upon this case study, this paper considers whether metal 3D printing will disrupt patent law, policy, and practice. It also explores the tension between the use of trade secrets in commercial 3D printing (such as in metal 3D Printing), and the open source ethos of the Maker Movement. This paper considers the larger implications of this intellectual property dispute over metal 3D printing for scarcity, regulation, and the abundance society. It also explores the innovation policies of the Biden administration in respect of advanced manufacturing—with a focus upon metal 3D printing and additive manufacturing.
Introduction: Access to essential medicines: Public health and international law
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Date: 24-06-2010
Introduction: The Road to Paris: Intellectual Property, Human Rights, and Climate Justice
Publisher: Springer Singapore
Date: 2018
The Paris Agreement: Intellectual Property, Technology Transfer, and Climate Change
Publisher: Springer Singapore
Date: 2018
Bettertonite, [Al6(AsO4)3(OH)9(H2O)5]·11H2O, a new mineral from the Penberthy Croft mine, St. Hilary, Cornwall, UK, with a
Publisher: Mineralogical Society
Date: 12-2015
DOI: 10.1180/MINMAG.2015.079.7.16
Abstract: Bettertonite, ideally [Al 6 (AsO 4 ) 3 (OH) 9 (H 2 O) 5 ]·11H 2 O, is a new mineral from the Penberthy Croft mine, St. Hilary, Cornwall, England, UK. It occurs as tufts of white, ultrathin (sub-micrometre) rectangular laths, with lateral dimensions generally μm. The laths are flattened on {010} and exhibit the forms {010}, {100} and {001}. The mineral is associated closely with arsenopyrite, chamosite, liskeardite, pharmacoalumite, pharmacosiderite and quartz. Bettertonite is translucent with a white streak and a vitreous to pearly, somewhat silky lustre. The calculated density is 2.02 g/cm 3 . Optically, bettertonite is biaxial positive with α = 1.511(1), β = 1.517(1), γ = 1.523(1) (in white light). The optical orientation is X = c , Y = b , Z = a . Pleochroism was not observed. Electron microprobe analyses (average of 4) with H2O calculated on structural grounds and analyses normalized to 100% gave Al 2 O 3 = 29.5, Fe 2 O 3 = 2.0, As 2 O 5 = 30.1, SO 3 = 1.8, Cl = 0.5, H 2 O = 36.2. The empirical formula, based on 9 metal atoms is Al 5.86 Fe 0.26 (AsO 4 ) 2.65 (SO 4 ) 0.23 (OH) 9.82 Cl 0.13 (H 2 O) 15.5 . Bettertoniteis monoclinic, space group P 2 1 / c with unit-cell dimensions (100 K): a = 7.773(2), b = 26.991(5), c = 15.867(3) Å, β = 94.22(3)°. The strongest lines in the powder X-ray diffraction pattern are [ d obs in Å(I)( hkl )] 13.648(100)(011) 13.505(50) (020) 7.805(50)(031) 7.461(30)(110) 5.880(20)(130) 3.589(20)(02) 2.857(14)(182). The structure of bettertonite was solved and refined to R 1 = 0.083 for 2164 observed ( I 2σ( I )) reflections to a resolutionof 1 Å. Bettertonite has a heteropolyhedral layer structure, with the layers parallel to (010). The layers are strongly undulating and their stacking produces large channels along [100] that are filled with water molecules. The basic building block in the layers is a hexagonal ring ofedge-shared octahedra with an AsO 4 tetrahedron attached to one side of the ring by corner-sharing. These polyoxometalate clusters, of composition [AsAl 6 O 11 (OH) 9 (H 2 O) 5 ] 8– , are interconnected along [100] and [001]by corner-sharing with other AsO 4 tetrahedra.
Japonica Rice: Intellectual Property, Scientific Publishing and Data‐sharing1
Publisher: Pluto Journals
Date: 09-2005
DOI: 10.1080/08109020500235180
Abstract: This article examines a series of controversies within the life sciences over data sharing. Part 1 focuses upon the agricultural biotechnology firm Syngenta publishing data on the rice genome in the journal Science , and considers proposals to reform scientific publishing and funding to encourage data sharing. Part 2 examines the relationship between intellectual property rights and scientific publishing, in particular copyright protection of databases, and evaluates the declaration of the Human Genome Organisation that genomic databases should be global public goods. Part 3 looks at varying opinions on the information function of patent law, and then considers the proposals of Patrinos and Drell to provide incentives for private corporations to release data into the public domain.
Chiral edge-shared octahedral chains in liskeardite, [(Al,Fe)32(AsO4)18(OH)42(H2O)22]·52H2O, an open framework mineral with
Publisher: Mineralogical Society
Date: 12-2013
DOI: 10.1180/MINMAG.2013.077.8.07
Abstract: The type specimen of liskeardite, (Al, Fe) 3 AsO 4 (OH) 6 ·5H 2 O, from the Marke Valley Mine, Liskeard District, Cornwall, has been reinvestigated. The revised composition from electron microprobe analyses and structure refinement is [Al 29.2 Fe 2.8 (AsO 4 ) 18 (OH) 42 (H 2 O) 22 ]·52H 2 O. The crystal structure was determined using synchrotron data collected on a 2 μm diameter fibre at 100 K. Liskeardite has monoclinic symmetry, space group I 2, with the unit-cell parameters a = 24.576(5), b = 7.754(2) Å, c = 24.641(5) Å, and β = 90.19(1)º. The structure was refined to R = 0.059 for 9769 reflections with I 3σ( I ). It is of an open framework type in which intersecting polyhedral slabs parallel to (101) and (10 ) form 17.4 Å × 17.4 Å channels along [010], with water molecules occupying the channels. Small amounts ( wt.%) of Na, K and Cu are probably adsorbed at the channel walls The framework comprises columns of pharmacoalumite-type, intergrown with chiral chains of six cis edge-shared octahedra. It can be described in terms of cubic close packing, with vacancies at both the anion and cation sites. The compositional and structural relationships between liskeardite and pharmacoalumite are discussed and a possible mechanism for liskeardite formation is presented.
A study of cathodoluminescence and trace element compositional zoning in natural quartz from volcanic rocks: Mapping titanium content in quartz
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 20-11-2012
DOI: 10.1017/S1431927612013426
Abstract: This article concerns application of cathodoluminescence (CL) spectroscopy to volcanic quartz and its utility in assessing variation in trace quantities of Ti within in idual crystals. CL spectroscopy provides useful details of intragrain compositional variability and structure but generally limited quantitative information on element abundances. Microbeam analysis can provide such information but is time-consuming and costly, particularly if large numbers of analyses are required. To maximize advantages of both approaches, natural and synthetic quartz crystals were studied using high-resolution hyperspectral CL imaging (1.2–5.0 eV range) combined with analysis via laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS). Spectral intensities can be deconvolved into three principal contributions (1.93, 2.19, and 2.72 eV), for which intensity of the latter peak was found to correlate directly with Ti concentration. Quantitative maps of Ti variation can be produced by calibration of the CL spectral data against relatively few analytical points. Such maps provide useful information concerning intragrain zoning or heterogeneity of Ti contents with the sensitivity of LA-ICPMS analysis and spatial resolution of electron microprobe analysis.
Race Against Time: The Export of Essential Medicines to Rwanda
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 21-05-2008
DOI: 10.1093/PHE/PHN011
Temperature effects on the calcite skeletal composition of deep-water gorgonians (Isididae)
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2010
Complex mineral zoning patterns caused by ultra-local equilibrium atreaction interfaces
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Date: 05-2014
DOI: 10.1130/G35287.1
The road to Copenhagen: intellectual property and climate change
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 10-09-2009
DOI: 10.1093/JIPLP/JPP148
Mapping of Weak Cathodoluminescence Signals
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 08-2014
Impact of texture and diagenesis on the elastic anisotropy and geomechanical properties of shales
Publisher: Society of Exploration Geophysicists
Date: 05-08-2014
Defect Structures in Diamond Composite Coated Cemented Tungsten CarbideSubstrates
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 08-2011
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMR.325.339
Abstract: Variability in the abrasive wear of PCD coatings on cemented WC substrates has been investigated. Six s les of PCD coated carbides were tested in a wear testing rig. The PCD coated element was used to turn an industry standard vitrified bonded corundum grinding wheel. The wear rate was measured as the weight loss of the cutting element per cubic metre of grinding wheel machined during the test. Two grades of cutting elements were observed. One grade had wear rates between 6 and 7.3 g/m³ but of the three poor quality s les, only one valid test was made realising wear rate of ~7,800 g/m³. The microstructures of the s les were studied using SEM, X-ray imaging, neutron diffraction and XRD. SEM images revealed differences in the volume percentage of diamonds in the two grades and the XRD scans highlighted the variable distribution of the diamond phase in the coating. Estimates of the residual stresses in a good and poor quality s les indicated significantly higher compressive stresses in the good quality versus poor quality coating. These results have revealed two extremes in the wear rates of these PCD coated carbides. It is suggested that the difference in diamond content between the two grades is not sufficient to account for the 3 orders-of-magnitude difference in the observed wear rates. However, the presence of intrusive veins of carbide material in the coatings, especially around the curved cutting tip, suggested that the macroscopic defects observed in the x-ray and SEM images were the major cause of the high wear rates in the poor quality s le.
Release of uranium from highly radiogenic zircon through metamictization: The source of orogenic uranium ores
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Date: 11-11-2015
DOI: 10.1130/G37238.1
Penberthycroftite, [Al6(AsO4)3(OH)9(H2O)5]·8H2O, a second new hydrated aluminium arsenate mineral from the Penberthy Croft
Publisher: Mineralogical Society
Date: 12-2016
DOI: 10.1180/MINMAG.2016.080.069
Abstract: Penberthycroftite, ideally [Al 6 (AsO 4 ) 3 (OH) 9 (H 2 O) 5 ]·8H 2 O, is a new secondary aluminium arsenate mineral from the Penberthy Croft mine, St. Hilary, Cornwall, England, UK. It occurs as tufts of white, ultrathin (sub-micrometre) rectangular laths, with lateral dimensions generally 20 μm. The laths are flattened on {010} and elongated on [100]. The mineral is associated with arsenopyrite, bettertonite, bulachite, cassiterite, chalcopyrite, chamosite, goethite, liskeardite, pharmacoalumite–pharmacosiderite and quartz. Penberthycroftite is translucent with a white streak and a vitreous to pearly lustre. The calculated density is 2.18 g/cm 3 . Optically, only the lower and upper refractive indices could be measured, 1.520(1) and 1.532(1) respectively. No pleochroism was observed. Electron microprobe analyses (average of 14) with H 2 O obtained from thermogravimetric analysis and analyses normalized to 100% gave Al 2 O 3 = 31.3, Fe 2 O 3 = 0.35, As 2 O 5 = 34.1, SO 3 = 2.15 and H 2 O = 32.1. The empirical formula, based on nine metal atoms and 26 framework anions is [Al 5.96 Fe 0.04 (As 0.97 Al 0.03 O 4 ) 3 (SO 4 ) 0.26 (OH) 8.30 (H 2 O) 5.44 ](H 2 O) 7.8 , corresponding to the ideal formula [Al 6 (AsO 4 ) 3 (OH) 9 (H 2 O) 5 ]·8H 2 O. Penberthycroftite is monoclinic, space group P 2 1 / c with unit-cell dimensions (100 K): a = 7.753(2) Å, b = 24.679(5) Å, c = 15.679(3) Å and β = 94.19(3)°. The strongest lines in the powder X-ray diffraction pattern are [ d obs in Å( I ) ( hkl )] 13.264(46) (011) 12.402(16)(020) 9.732(100)(021) 7.420(28)(110) 5.670(8)(130) 5.423(6)(1̄31). The structure of penberthycroftite was solved using synchrotron single-crystal diffraction data and refined to w R obs = 0.059 for 1639 observed ( I 3σ( I )) reflections. Penberthycroftite has a heteropolyhedral layer structure, with the layers parallel to {010}. The layers are strongly undulating and their stacking produces large channels along [100] that are filled with water molecules. The layers are identical to those in bettertonite, but they are displaced relative to one another along [001] and [010] such that the interlayer volume is decreased markedly (by ∼10%)relative to that in bettertonite, with a corresponding reduction in the interlayer water content from 11 H 2 O per formula unit (pfu) in bettertonite to 8 H 2 O pfu in penberthycroftite.
Intellectual Property and Climate Change
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 30-09-2011
Foreword – Raising climate ambition: a resolution for a green new deal
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 2019
The Jean Chrétien Pledge to Africa Act: patent law and humanitarian aid
Publisher: Informa Healthcare
Date: 07-2005
A High Temperature ESEM Investigation into the Separation of MgCl2 from MgCl2 - Ti Mixture
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 07-2009
DOI: 10.1017/S1431927609099218
Abstract: Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2009 in Richmond, Virginia, USA, July 26 – July 30, 2009
The Lazarus Effect: the (RED) Campaign and creative capitalism
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Date: 24-06-2010
Comparative study of the measurement of enamel demineralization and remineralization using transverse microradiography and electron probe microanalysis
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 24-04-2014
DOI: 10.1017/S1431927614000622
Abstract: Transverse microradiography (TMR) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) are commonly used for characterizing dental tissues. TMR utilizes an approximately monochromatic X-ray beam to determine the mass attenuation of the s le, which is converted to volume percent mineral (vol%min). An EPMA stimulates the emission of characteristic X-rays from a variable volume of s le (dependent on density) to provide compositional information. The aim of this study was to compare the assessment of sound, demineralized, and remineralized enamel using both techniques. Human enamel s les were demineralized and a part of each was subsequently remineralized. The same line profile through each demineralized lesion was analyzed using TMR and EPMA to determine vol%min and wt% elemental composition and atomic concentration ratio information, respectively. The vol%min and wt% values determined by each technique were significantly correlated but the absolute values were not similar. This was attributable to the complex ultrastructural composition, the variable density of the s les analyzed, and the nonlinear interaction of the EPMA-generated X-rays. EPMA remains an important technique for obtaining atomic ratio information, but its limitations in determining absolute mineral content indicate that it should not be used in place of TMR for determining the mineral density of dental hard tissues.
Advances in electron-probe microanalysis and compositional mapping: Applications to the analysis of meteorites
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 07-2009
DOI: 10.1017/S1431927609098882
Abstract: Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2009 in Richmond, Virginia, USA, July 26 – July 30, 2009
Research Handbook on Climate Change and Trade Law
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 30-12-2016
The Trans-Pacific Partnership
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 08-12-2020
Nesquehonite sequesters transition metals and CO2 during accelerated carbon mineralisation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2016
Petrogenesis and Ni-Cu sulphide potential of mafic-ultramafic rocks in the Mesoproterozoic Fraser Zone within the Albany-Fraser Orogen, Western Australia
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2016
Beyond the Paris Agreement: Intellectual Property, Innovation Policy, and Climate Justice
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 18-02-2019
DOI: 10.3390/LAWS8010007
Abstract: The multidisciplinary field of climate law and justice needs to address the topic of intellectual property, climate finance, and technology transfer to ensure effective global action on climate change. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change 1992 (UNFCCC) established a foundation for the development, application and diffusion of low-carbon technologies. Against this background, it is useful to analyse how the Paris Agreement 2015 deals with the subject of intellectual property, technology transfer, and climate change. While there was discussion of a number of options for intellectual property and climate change, the final Paris Agreement 2015 contains no text on intellectual property. There is text, though, on technology transfer. The Paris Agreement 2015 relies upon technology networks and alliances in order to promote the diffusion and dissemination of green technologies. In order to achieve technology transfer, there has been an effort to rely on a number of formal technology networks, alliances, and public–private partnerships—including the UNFCCC Climate Technology Centre and Network (CTCN) the World Intellectual Property Organization’s WIPO GREEN Mission Innovation the Breakthrough Energy Coalition and the International Solar Alliance. There have been grand hopes and ambitions in respect of these collaborative and co-operative ventures. However, there have also been significant challenges in terms of funding, support, and operation. In a case of innovation policy pluralism, there also seems to be a significant level of overlap and duplication between the erse international initiatives. There have been concerns about whether such technology networks are effective, efficient, adaptable, and accountable. There is a need to better align intellectual property, innovation policy, and technology transfer in order to achieve access to clean energy and climate justice under the framework of the Paris Agreement 2015. At a conceptual level, philosophical discussions about climate justice should be grounded in pragmatic considerations about intellectual property and technology transfer. An intellectual property mechanism is necessary to provide for research, development, and deployment of clean technologies. There is a need to ensure that the technology mechanism of the Paris Agreement 2015 can enable the research, development, and diffusion of clean technologies at a scale to address the global challenges of climate change.
Intellectual property, Indigenous knowledge and climate change
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 18-12-2015
Carbon capture and storage: Intellectual property, innovation policy, and climate change
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2021
Make and share: intellectual property, higher education, technology transfer, and 3D printing in a global context
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 06-02-2020
Collecting and Analysing - 1.6eV - 20keV Emission Spectra in an EPMA
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 07-2016
Relationship between COVID-19 infection rates and air pollution, geo-meteorological, and social parameters
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2021
Intellectual Property and Biotechnology
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 31-01-2008
A design for monolithic all-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells with a platinized carbon counterelectrode
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 09-03-2009
DOI: 10.1063/1.3086895
Abstract: The high cost of electricity produced by solar cells compared to electricity from other energy sources is an inhibitor to a more widespread adoption of solar energy. Here a low-cost monolithic all-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) was developed with a platinized carbon counterelectrode. The vacuum pore-filling technique proved to be effective for uniform infiltration of polymer nanocomposite electrolytes into the multilayer thick films. This monolithic design will be used for other solid-state or quasisolid electrolyte material-based DSSC, which allows for the development of stable and low-cost solar cells.
Intellectual Property and Global Warming: Fossil Fuels and Climate Justice
Publisher: SAGE Publications Ltd
Date: 2015
Crystallographic ordering of aluminium in laueite at Hagendorf-Süd
Publisher: Mineralogical Society
Date: 04-2015
DOI: 10.1180/MINMAG.2015.079.2.09
Abstract: Crystals of laueite, Mn 2+ Fe 2 3+ (PO 4 ) 2 (OH) 2 ·8H 2 O, from the Cornelia mine open cut, Hagendorf Süd, Bavaria, are zoned due to aluminium incorporation at the iron sites, with analysed Al 2 O 3 contents varying up to 11 wt.%. Synchrotron X-ray data were collected on two crystals with different Al contents and the structures refined. The laueite structure contains two independent Fe 3+ -containing sites M 2 and M 3, which alternate in 7 Å corner-connected octahedral chains. The coordination polyhedra are different for the two sites, M 2O 4 (OH) 2 and M 3O 2 (OH) 2 (H 2 O) 2 respectively. The structure refinements show that Al preferentially orders into site M 3. Refined site occupancies for M 2 and M 3 for the two crystals are: for crystal L-1, M 2 = 0.70(1) Fe + 0.30(1) Al, M 3 = 0.54(1) Fe + 0.46(1) Al and for crystal L-2, M 2 = 0.67(1) Fe + 0.33(1) Al, M 3 = 0.48(1) Fe + 0.52(1) Al. For crystal L-2, the octahedral chains have dominant Fe in M2, alternating with dominant Al in M 3 along the chain, an ordering phenomenon not previously reported for laueite-related minerals.
Intellectual Property and Clean Energy
Publisher: Springer Singapore
Date: 2018
60th ORCA Congress. July 3-6, 2013, Liverpool, UK
Publisher: S. Karger AG
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1159/000350670
Digital Copyright and the Consumer Revolution
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 26-07-2007
Ba–Cu ordering in bariopharmacoalumite-Q2a2b2c from Cap Garonne, France
Publisher: Mineralogical Society
Date: 08-2014
DOI: 10.1180/MINMAG.2014.078.4.06
Abstract: Bariopharmacoalumite- Q 2 a 2 b 2 c , Ba 0.5 (Cu,ZnO) 0.1 H 0.6 [Al 4 (OH) 4 (As 0.9 Al 0.1 O 4 ) 3 ]·5.5H 2 O, from the south mine of the old copper mine at Cap Garonne, France, has a 2 × 2 × 2 I -centred tetragonal superstructure of the basic pharmacosiderite-type structure. Cell parameters are a = 15.405(2) Å and c = 15.553(3) Å. The structure was determined and refined in I 2 m to R 1 = 0.057 for 2697 reflections with I 2σ( I ), using synchrotron X-ray data on a twinned crystal. The origin of the superlattice cell doubling was determined to be due predominantly to the ordering of Ba atoms in half of the [0 0 1] channels, centred at (0, 0, 0) and (½, ½, 0). The other channels, centred at (½, 0, 0) and (0, ½, 0), were found to be occupied by corner-connected chains of Cu/Zn-centred square planar units.
Virtual Countries: Internet Domain Names and Geographical Terms
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 02-2003
DOI: 10.1177/1329878X0310600113
Abstract: This paper examines the dispute between the Seattle company Virtual Countries Inc. and the Republic of South Africa over the ownership of the domain name address southafrica.com . The first part of the paper deals with the pre-emptive litigation taken by Virtual Countries Inc. in a District Court of the United States. The second part considers the possible arbitration of the dispute under the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Process of the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) and examines the wider implications of this dispute for the jurisdiction and the governance of ICANN. The final section of the paper evaluates the Final Report of the Second WIPO Internet Domain Name Process.
Radiation damage in quartz from uranium-bearing sandstones
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 07-2012
DOI: 10.1017/S1431927612006861
Abstract: Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2012 in Phoenix, Arizona, USA, July 29 – August 2, 2012.
Flurlite, Zn3Mn2+Fe3+(PO4)3(OH)2·9H2O, a new mineral from the Hagendorf Süd pegmatite, Bavaria, with a schoonerite-related
Publisher: Mineralogical Society
Date: 10-2015
DOI: 10.1180/MINMAG.2015.079.5.11
Abstract: Flurlite, ideally Zn 3 Mn 2+ Fe 3+ (PO 4 ) 3 (OH) 2 ·9H 2 O, is a new mineral from the Hagendorf-Süd pegmatite, Hagendorf, Oberpfalz, Bavaria, Germany. Flurlite occurs as ultrathin ( μm) translucent platelets that form characteristic twisted accordion-like aggregates. The colour varies from bright orange red to dark maroon red. Cleavage is perfect parallel to (001). The mineral occurs on mitridatite and is closely associated with plimerite. Other associated minerals are beraunite, schoonerite, parascholzite, robertsite and altered phosphophyllite. The calculated density of flurlite is 2.84 g cm –3 . It is optically biaxial (–), α = 1.60(1), β= 1.65(1) and γ = 1.68(1), with weak dispersion and parallel extinction, X ≈ c , Y ≈ a , Z ≈ b . Pleochroism is weak, with colours: X = pale yellow, Y = pale orange, Z = orange brown. Electron microprobe analyses (average of seven) with FeO and Fe 2 O 3 apportioned and H 2 O calculated on structural grounds, gave ZnO 25.4, MnO 5.28, MgO 0.52, FeO 7.40, Fe 2 O 3 10.3, P 2 O 5 27.2, H 2 O 23.1, total 99.2 wt.%. The empirical formula, based on 3 P a.p.f.u. is Zn 2.5 Mn 2+ 0.6 Fe 2+ 0.8 Mg 0.1 Fe 3+ (PO 4 ) 3 (OH) 2 ·9H 2 O. Flurlite is monoclinic, P 2 1 / m , with the unit-cell parameters (at 100 K) of a = 6.3710(13), b = 11.020(2), c = 13.016(3) Å, β = 99.34 (3)°. The strongest lines in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern are [ d obs in Å(I) ( hkl )] 12.900(100)(001) 8.375(10)(011) 6.072(14)(101) 5.567(8)(012) 4.297(21)(003) 2.763(35)(040). Flurlite ( R 1 = 0.057 for 995 F 4σ( F )) has a heteropolyhedral layer structure, with layers parallel to (001) and with water molecules packing between the layers. The slab-like layers contain two types of polyhedral chains running parallel to [100]: ( a ) chains of edge-sharing octahedra containing predominantly Zn and ( b ) chains in which Fe 3+ -centred octahedra share their apices with dimers comprising Zn-centred trigonal bipyramids sharing an edge with PO 4 tetrahedra. The two types of chains are interconnected by corner-sharing along [010]. A second type of PO 4 tetrahedron connects the chains to MnO 2 (H 2 O) 4 octahedra along [010] to complete the structure of the (001) slabs. Flurlite has the same stoichiometry as schoonerite, but with dominant Zn rather than Fe 2+ in the edge-shared chains. Schoonerite has a similar heteropolyhedral layer structure with the same layer dimensions 6.4 × 11.1 Å. The different symmetry (orthorhombic, Pmab ) for schoonerite reflects a different topology of the layers.
3D Printing and Beyond
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 22-02-2019
Incentives for Global Public Health: Patent law and access to essential medicines
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Date: 24-06-2010
Abstract: This portrait of the global debate over patent law and access to essential medicines focuses on public health concerns about HIV/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis, the SARS virus, influenza, and diseases of poverty. The essays explore the diplomatic negotiations and disputes in key international fora, such as the World Trade Organization, the World Health Organization and the World Intellectual Property Organization. Drawing upon international trade law, innovation policy, intellectual property law, health law, human rights and philosophy, the authors seek to canvass policy solutions which encourage and reward worthwhile pharmaceutical innovation while ensuring affordable access to advanced medicines. A number of creative policy options are critically assessed, including the development of a Health Impact Fund, prizes for medical innovation, the use of patent pools, open-source drug development and forms of 'creative capitalism'.
Canadian Rhapsody: Copyright Law and Research Libraries
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2004
3D printing and housing: Intellectual property and construction law
Publisher: Springer Singapore
Date: 2021
Miami Heat: Patent Law, Informed Consent and Benefit-Sharing
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 2006
Abstract: This article considers whether the granting of patents in respect of biomedical genetic research should be conditional upon the informed consent of research participants. It focuses upon several case studies.
Makers Empire: Australian copyright law, 3D printing, and the ‘Ideas Boom’
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 22-02-2019
Remixing Canadian Copyright Law
Publisher: Pluto Journals
Date: 09-2009
Lead-bearing phyllotungstite from the Clara mine, Germany with an ordered pyrochlore–hexagonal tungsten bronze intergrowth structure
Publisher: Mineralogical Society
Date: 02-2013
DOI: 10.1180/MINMAG.2013.077.1.06
Abstract: Lead-bearing phyllotungstite from the Clara mine in the central Black Forest, Germany has a formula (Cs 0.41 )Na 0.14 K 0.05 Pb 2+ 2.01 Ca 0.26 [W 6+ 10.87 Fe 3+ 3.13 O 35.75 (OH) 6.25 ](O(H 2 O) 3 ). X-ray diffraction patterns exhibit pseudohexagonal symmetry, but refinement of single-crystal synchrotron data has shown that the true symmetry is orthorhombic, Cmcm , with a = 7.298(1), b = 12.640(2), c = 19.582(4) Å, and that the pseudohexagonal character is due to submicrometre-scale cyclical twinning by rotation about the pseudohexagonal c axis. The structure can be described in terms of an ordered intergrowth, parallel to (001), of (111) py blocks with pyrochlore-type structures, which are ~6 Å in width, and two-layer wide regions with a hexagonal tungsten bronze (HTB) type structure. Caesium atoms occupy 18-coordinate cavities in the HTB regions, and H 2 O molecules occupy Φ sites in the A 2 B 2 O 6 Φ pyrochlore blocks. The lowering of symmetry from hexagonal to orthorhombic is due to partial ordering of W and Fe in the octahedral B sites and of Pb and vacancies in the A sites of the pyrochlore blocks. The ideal formula for the intergrowth structure (with no vacancies) is C 2 A 10 [B 14 (O,OH) 42 ]Φ 4 , where C is the cavity site in the HTB slabs. The mineral has only 21% occupancy of the C site and 25% occupancy of the A site, but full occupancy of the Φ site. There may be some mixing of Cs and H 2 O between the C and Φ sites.
The Black Label: Trade Mark Dillution, Culture Jamming and the No Logo Movement
Publisher: Edinburgh University Library
Date: 15-04-2008
Quartz Overgrowths in Shales and Sandstones studied by EPMA and SIMS
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 08-2014
Kleberite, Fe3+Ti6O11(OH)5, a new ilmenite alteration product, from Königshain, northeast Germany
Publisher: Mineralogical Society
Date: 02-2013
DOI: 10.1180/MINMAG.2013.077.1.05
Abstract: Kleberite, ideally Fe 3+ Ti 6 O 11 (OH) 5 , is a new mineral (IMA 2012-023) from Tertiary sands at Königshain, Saxony, northeast Germany. It is also found in heavy mineral sands from the Murray Basin, southeast Australia and at Kalimantan, Indonesia. It occurs as rounded anhedral to euhedral translucent grains, 0.04 0.3 mm across, which are generally red-brown, but grade to orange with decreasing iron content. Associated minerals include ilmenite, pseudorutile, 'leucoxene', tourmaline and spinel. The density measured by pycnometry is 3.28 g cm -3 , which is lower than the calculated density of 3.91 g cm -3 , due to intragrain porosity which is not penetrated by the immersion fluid. The intragrain pores, of median diameter 18 nm, are partially filled with impurity phases including kaolinite, diaspore and quartz. Kleberite grains have a uniaxial (–) character, but localized regions are weakly biaxial (–) with 2V close to zero. The mean refractive index, calculated from reflectance measurements, is 2.16(3). The mean empirical formula from electron-microprobe analyses of 15 Königshain kleberite grains is Fe 3+ 1.01 Mg 0.06 Ti 6 O 11.2 (OH) 4.8 [Al 0.59 Si 0.31 P 0.04 O 1.60 ·1.8H 2 O], where the formula element in square brackets represents impurities in the pores. Kleberite forms over a compositional range with [Ti]/[Fe + Ti] atomic ratios from 0.8–0.9. It has monoclinic symmetry, P 2 1 /c , with a = 7.537(1), b = 4.5795(4), c = 9.885(1) Å , β = 131.02(1)°. The six strongest lines in the powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern [listed as d in Å (I)] are as follows: 1.676(100), 2.170(82), 2.466(27), 1.423(22), 3.933(8), 2.764(9). The structure was refined by the Rietveld method on powder XRD data to R p = 6.3, R wp = 8.1, R B = 4.0. Kleberite is isostructural with tivanite their structural formulae are [Ti 4+ 3 □][Ti 4+ 3 Fe 3+ ]O 11 (OH) 5 and [Ti 4+ 4 ][V 3+ 4 ]O 12 (OH) 4 , respectively. Kleberite has dominant Ti 4+ in place of V 3+ in the M(2) metal-atom site. The related mineral pseudorutile, [Ti 4 ][(Fe 3+ ,Ti) 4 ](O,OH) 16 , with Fe 3+ Ti 4+ has dominant Fe 3+ in this site. Kleberite grains from different localities commonly contain residual MgO-rich ferrian ilmenite. The chemical and physical relationships between the ilmenite and coexisting kleberite are used to evaluate different alteration mechanisms involving selective leaching of alent oxides from ilmenite and pseudomorphic replacement reactions, respectively.
Conclusion – The future of printcrime: intellectual property, innovation law, and 3D printing
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 22-02-2019
An Investigation into the General Applicability of Quantification of Trace Ti in Quartz by Cathodoluminescence
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 07-2010
DOI: 10.1017/S1431927610054772
Abstract: Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2010 in Portland, Oregon, USA, August 1 – August 5, 2010.
Metal Anode Performance in Low-Temperature Electrolytes for Aluminum Production
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-04-2011
Intellectual property and biofuels: The energy crisis, food security, and climate change
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-10-2015
DOI: 10.1111/JWIP.12043
Northern Exposure: Alaska, Climate Change, Indigenous Rights, and Atmospheric Trust Litigation
Publisher: Springer Singapore
Date: 2018
Back to the Future: The Digital Millennium Copyright Act and the Trans-Pacific Partnership
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 12-08-2017
DOI: 10.3390/LAWS6030011
Patenting free energy: the BlackLight litigation and the hydrogen economy
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 04-03-2011
DOI: 10.1093/JIPLP/JPR010
Price and trade: World No Tobacco Day 2015
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 29-05-2015
Luminescence database - an update
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 08-2014
Hyperspectral cathodoluminescence examination of defects in a carbonado diamond
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 12-2012
DOI: 10.1017/S1431927612013578
Abstract: Hyperspectral cathodoluminescence mapping is used to examine a carbonado diamond. The hyperspectral dataset is examined using a data clustering algorithm to interpret the range of spectral shapes present within the dataset, which are related to defects within the structure of the diamond. The cathodoluminescence response from this particular carbonado diamond can be attributed to a small number of defect types: N-V 0 , N 2 V, N 3 V, a 3.188 eV line, which is attributed to radiation damage, and two broad luminescence bands. Both the N 2 V and 3.188 eV defects require high-temperature annealing, which has implications for interpreting the thermal history of the diamond. In addition, bright halos observed within the diamond cathodoluminescence, from alpha decay radiation damage, can be attributed to the decay of 238 U.
Introduction: mapping Indigenous intellectual property
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 18-12-2015
Rip, Mix, Burn: The Politics of Peer to Peer and Copyright Law
Publisher: University of Illinois Libraries
Date: 05-08-2002
DOI: 10.5210/FM.V7I8.974
Preface: the legacy of David Unaipon
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 18-12-2015
Zircon metamictisation study by cathodoluminescence and X-ray imaging
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 08-2014
Microelectronic junctions in arsenian pyrite due to impurity and mixed sulfide heterogeneity
Publisher: Mineralogical Society of America
Date: 23-12-2015
DOI: 10.2138/AM-2015-4648
Studying Mass Transfer in Glasses using Cathodoluminescence
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 08-2015
The foxfire of fair use: The Google books litigation and the future of copyright laws
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Date: 27-02-2017
DOI: 10.1093/ACREFORE/9780190228613.013.274
Abstract: Copyright exceptions and limitations in the United States have experienced dynamic evolution in light of new technological developments. There has been significant legal debate in the courts and in the United States Congress about the scope of the defense of fair use. The copyright litigation over Google Books has been a landmark development in the modern history of copyright law. The victory by Google, Inc., over the Authors Guild in the decade-long copyright dispute is an important milestone for copyright law. The ruling of Leval J emphasizes that the defense of fair use in the United States plays a critical role in promoting transformative creativity, freedom of speech, and innovation. The Supreme Court of the United States was decisive in its rejection of the Authors Guild’s efforts to challenge the decision of Leval J. There has been significant debate in the United States Copyright Office and United States Congress over the development of “the Next Great Copyright Act.” Hearings have taken place within the United States Congressional system about the history, nature, and future of the defense of fair use under United States copyright law. There remains much debate about the internationalization of the defense of fair use, and the need for the trading partners of the United States to enjoy similar flexibilities with respect to copyright exceptions. There has been concern about the impact of mega-regional trade agreements—such as the Trans-Pacific Partnership—upon copyright exceptions, such as the defense of fair use.
Elon Musk’s Open Innovation: Tesla, Intellectual Property, and Climate Change
Publisher: Springer Singapore
Date: 2018
The Empire Strikes Back: Fossil Fuel Companies, Investor-State Dispute Settlement, International Trade, and Accountable Climate Governance
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 26-09-2018
Lady Ada
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 16-07-2021
Investigation into the influence of carbon contamination on the corrosion behavior of aluminum microelectrodes and AA2024-T3
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1149/2.047303JES
Multi-spectral Electron Microprobe - Now and the Future
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 08-2014
Determination of Soft X-ray Emission Spectroscopy Parameters using Experimental Data for Quantitative Microanalysis
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 07-2016
Article 10
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 2021
Napster: Infinite Digital Jukebox or Pirate Bazaar?
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 02-2001
DOI: 10.1177/1329878X0109800106
Abstract: This paper considers the copyright litigation over the file-sharing program, Napster. The first section examines the culture of collecting at work in Napster. The next part examines the litigation by the major record companies and Metallica against Napster. The final section considers the future of file-sharing, looking at alternatives to Napster, such as Filetopia, Freenet, Gnutella, MP3board.com and streaming media.
Hyperspectral Cathodoluminescence Imaging and Analysis Extending from Ultraviolet to Near Infrared
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 20-11-2012
DOI: 10.1017/S1431927612013505
Abstract: The measurement of near-infrared (NIR) cathodoluminescence (CL) with sufficient sensitivity to allow full spectral mapping has been investigated through the application of optimized grating spectrometers that allow the ultraviolet (UV), visible, and NIR CL spectra to be measured simultaneously. Two optical spectrometers have been integrated into an electron microprobe, allowing simultaneous collection of hyperspectral CL (UV-NIR), characteristic X-rays, and electron signals. Combined hyperspectral CL spectra collected from two natural apatite (Ca 5 [PO 4 ] 3 [OH,F]) s les from Wilberforce (Ontario, Canada) and Durango (Mexico) were qualitatively analyzed to identify the emission centers and then deconvoluted pixel-by-pixel using least-squares fitting to produce a series of ion-resolved CL intensity maps. Preliminary investigation of apatite has shown strong NIR emissions associated primarily with the rare-earth element Nd. Details of growth and alteration were revealed in the NIR that were not discernable with electron-induced X-ray mapping. Intense emission centers from Nd 3+ and Sm 3+ were observed in the spectra from both apatites, along with minor emissions from other 3 + rare-earth elements. Quantitative electron probe microanalysis was performed on points within the mapped area of the Durango apatite to produce a calibration line relating cathodoluminescent intensity of the fitted peak centered at 1,073 nm (1.156 eV) to the Nd concentration.
Intellectual Property and Emerging Technologies
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 31-01-2012
Wear Resistance and Microstructural Study of Diamond Coated WC Tools
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 06-2010
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/MSF.654-656.2527
Abstract: Diamond composite materials are classified as superhard and exhibit exceptional abrasive resistance. Cemented tungsten carbide tools with a thick coating of diamond composite material (PCD) are finding increased usage in materials cutting operations in manufacturing, mining, minerals, gas and petroleum exploration and civil construction industries. Two major advantages derived from these coated tools are: (a) increased wear resistance and hence increased life-span of these tools and (b) their proven ability to handle “difficult-to-machine” materials as well as high-strength, extremely abrasive materials such as quartz-rich rocks, granites and basalts. In this research, the variability of the wear resistance of PCD coated tungsten carbide is correlated with microstructural variations. A detailed study of the microstructure and distribution of phases was performed using SEM, cathodoluminescence (CL) imaging, direct x-ray imaging, Raman spectroscopy as well as residual stress measurements using neutron diffraction.
Introduction: Special Issue on Cathodoluminescence
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 12-2012
DOI: 10.1017/S143192761201402X
Abstract: Cathodoluminescence (CL) microanalysis provides high-sensitivity spectra and high-resolution images associated with impurity and structural defects at the nanoscale and from luminescent materials including minerals, semiconductor, and dielectric/insulating materials. Cathodoluminescence is the non-incandescent emission of light (photons) emitted from materials excited by an electron beam. CL photons (UV-VIS-NIR) are produced as a result of electronic transitions between the conduction and valence band and may also involve electronic transitions associated with defect levels within the band gap. Microscopic defects such as imperfections and impurities influence the optical, electrical, and mechanical properties of scientifically and technologically important materials. CL microanalysis is therefore a useful microanalytical technique for characterizing these properties with high sensitivity and spatial resolution. CL image resolution can range from sub-10 nm to microns, dependent on experimental arrangement (STEM-CL, SEM-CL, optical CL microscopy), electron beam parameters, specimen configuration, carrier diffusion, etc. The sensitivity of CL microanalysis is dependent on the specimen and, in the absence of self-absorption and competitive recombination centers, can be several magnitudes more sensitive than X-ray microanalysis. In particular, quantitative CL microanalysis of trace impurity concentrations while challenging has recently been shown to be possible for a range of minerals.
The Australian resale royalty right for visual artists: Indigenous art and social justice
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 18-12-2015
Intensive lipid‐lowering therapy in the 12 months after an acute coronary syndrome in Australia: an observational analysis
Publisher: AMPCo
Date: 22-08-2019
DOI: 10.5694/MJA2.50324
The World Indigenous Network: Rio+20, intellectual property, Indigenous knowledge and sustainable development
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 18-12-2015
Introduction: Inventing Life: Intellectual Property and the New Biology
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 31-01-2012
The Internet Archive and the National Emergency Library
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 19-10-2022
DOI: 10.3390/LAWS11050079
Abstract: In the tradition of legal writing about landmark intellectual property cases, this paper provides an in-depth case study and analysis of an important copyright conflict during the COVID-19 crisis. The Internet Archive established the National Emergency Library to provide for access to knowledge for those who were unable to access their usual libraries, schools, and educational institutions. In response, four large publishers have brought a copyright lawsuit against the Internet Archive, alleging both direct copyright infringement, as well as secondary copyright infringement. The Authors Guild has supported this action. Fearful of litigation, the Internet Archive has decided to close the National Emergency Library earlier than it anticipated. The litigation raises a range of issues in respect of copyright infringement, the defence of fair use, library exceptions, digital lending, and intermediary liability. The conflict also raises questions about the operation of the first sale doctrine in the digital era. There are also ided views as to what, if any, remedies are appropriate in the case over the Internet Archive and the National Emergency Library. It is argued that there needs to better mechanisms under copyright law to enable access to knowledge in a public health crisis—such as the coronavirus outbreak. This case study makes a significant contribution to our understanding of the relationship between authors, publishers, and libraries in the digital age. It also provides an insight into copyright litigation—in particular, the role of amicus curiae submissions, and the nature and scope of copyright exceptions. This paper also raises larger considerations about the intersection of copyright law with larger concerns about access to knowledge, competition policy, and public health emergencies.
Phosphorus and Other Impurities in Australian Iron Ores
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 07-2010
DOI: 10.1017/S1431927610054838
Abstract: Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2010 in Portland, Oregon, USA, August 1 – August 5, 2010.
Introduction – From the Maker Movement to the 3D printing era: opportunities and challenges
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 22-02-2019
Aibo: Copyright Law and Technological Protection Measures
Publisher: SocArXiv
Date: 2016
The Dancing Baby: copyright law, YouTube, and music videos
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 27-01-2017
Plain packaging for the Pacific Rim- tobacco control and the Trans-Pacific Partnership
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 27-12-2013
Geology and mineralogy of uranium deposits from Mount Isa, Australia: Implications for albitite uranium deposit models
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 26-06-2013
DOI: 10.3390/MIN3030258
Research Handbook on Intellectual Property and the Life Sciences
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 30-06-2017
Ferraioloite, MgMn2+ 4(Fe2+ 0.5Al3+ 0.5)4Zn4(PO4) 8(OH)4(H2O)20, a new secondary phosphate mineral from the Foote mine, USA
Publisher: Schweizerbart
Date: 23-09-2016
Automating fab cities: 3D printing and urban renewal
Publisher: Springer Singapore
Date: 2021
Determination of Trace Elements in Quartz by Combined EPMA and CL Microspectrometry
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 08-2014
Kayrobertsonite, MnAl2 (PO4)2 (OH)2·6H2 O, a new phosphate mineral related to nordgauite
Publisher: Schweizerbart
Date: 23-09-2016
The Chilling Effect
Publisher: Victoria University
Date: 31-12-2017
Abstract: Investor-State Dispute Settlement (‘ISDS’) poses significant challenges in respect of tobacco control, public health, human rights, and sustainable development. Two landmark ISDS rulings provide procedural and substantive guidance on the interaction between ISDS and tobacco control. The ISDS action by Philip Morris against Uruguay in respect to graphic health warnings raised important procedural and substantive issues. The ISDS matter between Philip Morris and Australia over the plain packaging of tobacco products highlighted matters in respect of abuse of process. In the Trans-Pacific Partnership, there was a special exclusion for tobacco control measures in respect of ISDS. There was also a larger discussion about the role of general public health exceptions. In the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement, there was a debate about the application of ISDS to intellectual property rights. In the European Union, there has been discussion of the creation of an international investment court. In the renegotiation of the North American Free Trade Agreement, there has even been calls to abolish ISDS clauses altogether from both Republicans and Democrats. This article concludes there is a need to protect tobacco control measures implementing the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control 2013 from further investor and trade challenges.
An Elegy for Greg Ham: Copyright Law, the Kookaburra Case, and Remix Culture
Publisher: Deakin University
Date: 02-2013
DOI: 10.21153/DLR2012VOL17NO2ART85
Abstract: The Kookaburra case was a tragic and controversial copyright dispute, highlighting the need for copyright law reform by the Australian Parliament. In this case, a copyright action was brought by Larrikin Records against Men at Work, alleging copyright infringement by Down Under of the Kookaburra song composed by Marion Sinclair. The dispute raised a host of doctrinal matters. There was disquiet over the length of the copyright term. There were fierce contests as to the copyright ownership of the Kookaburra song. The litigation raised questions about copyright infringement and substantiality — particularly in relation to musical works. The case highlighted frailties in Australia’s regime of copyright exceptions. The litigation should spur the Australian Law Reform Commission to make recommendations for law reform in its inquiry, Copyright and the Digital Economy. This paper provides a critical evaluation of the options of a defence for transformative use a defence for fair use and statutory licensing. The paper also examines the question of appropriate remedies in respect of copyright infringement. The conclusion considers the implications of the Kookaburra case for other forms of musical works — including digital s ling, mash-ups, and creative remixes. It finishes with an elegy for Greg Ham — paying tribute to the multi-instrumentalist for Men at Work.
Cosmo, Cosmolino: Patent Law and Nanotechnology
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 31-01-2012
Biodiversity, genetic resources and intellectual property: developments in access and benefit sharing
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 09-03-2018
The Global Tobacco Epidemic, the Plain Packaging of Tobacco Products, and the World Trade Organization
Publisher: Queensland University of Technology
Date: 29-03-2018
Abstract: In response to complaints by Ukraine, Honduras, the Dominican Republic, Cuba, and Indonesia, the government of Australia has defended the introduction of plain packaging of tobacco products in the World Trade Organization. This article focuses upon the legal defence of Australia before the WTO Panel. A key part of its defence has been the strong empirical evidence for the efficacy of plain packaging of tobacco products as a legitimate health measure designed to combat the global tobacco epidemic. Australia has provided a convincing case that plain packaging of tobacco products is compatible with the TRIPS Agreement 1994, particularly the clauses relating to the aims and objectives of the agreement the requirements in respect of trade mark law and the parallel measures in relation to access to essential medicines. Australia has also defended the consistency of plain packaging of tobacco products with the TBT Agreement 1994. Moreover, Australia has provided clear reasons for why the plain packaging of tobacco products is compatible with GATT. The position of Australia has been reinforced by a number of third parties — such as New Zealand, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Norway, Canada, and others — which have also been pioneers in tobacco control and public health. Australia’s leadership in respect of tobacco control and plain packaging of tobacco products is further supported by larger considerations in respect of international public health law, human rights, and sustainable development.
The last taboo: patenting human beings
Publisher: Informa Healthcare
Date: 07-2004
The case for the plain packaging of tobacco products
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-03-2008
DOI: 10.1111/J.1360-0443.2008.02145.X
Abstract: The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) requires nations that have ratified the convention to ban all tobacco advertising and promotion. In the face of these restrictions, tobacco packaging has become the key promotional vehicle for the tobacco industry to interest smokers and potential smokers in tobacco products. This paper reviews available research into the probable impact of mandatory plain packaging and internal tobacco industry statements about the importance of packs as promotional vehicles. It critiques legal objections raised by the industry about plain packaging violating laws and international trade agreements. Searches for available evidence were conducted within the internal tobacco industry documents through the online document archives tobacco industry trade publications research literature through the Medline and Business Source Premier databases and grey literature including government documents, research reports and non-governmental organization papers via the Google internet search engine. Plain packaging of all tobacco products would remove a key remaining means for the industry to promote its products to billions of the world's smokers and future smokers. Governments have required large surface areas of tobacco packs to be used exclusively for health warnings without legal impediment or need to compensate tobacco companies. Requiring plain packaging is consistent with the intention to ban all tobacco promotions. There is no impediment in the FCTC to interpreting tobacco advertising and promotion to include tobacco packs.
Indigenous Intellectual Property
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 18-12-2015
Worldwide news and comment
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 17-10-2012
Climate-Ready Crops: Intellectual Property, Agriculture and Climate Change
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 31-01-2012
The freedom to tinker: patent law and experimental use
Publisher: Informa Healthcare
Date: 02-2005
Hyperspectral cathodoluminescence
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-02-2013
Synthetic Genomics: Intellectual Property, Innovation Policy, and Advanced Biofuels
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2022
The Doomsday Vault: Seed Banks, Food Security and Climate Change
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 31-01-2012
The influence of rare earth mercaptoacetate on the initiation of corrosion on AA2024-T3 Part I: Average statistics of each intermetallic composition
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2015
The influence of rare earth mercaptoacetate on the initiation of corrosion on AA2024-T3 Part II: The influence of intermetallic compositions within heavily attacked sites
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2015
Townendite, Na8ZrSi6O18, a new uranium-bearing lovozerite group mineral from the Ilimaussaq alkaline complex, Southern Greenland
Publisher: Mineralogical Society of America
Date: 25-03-2010
DOI: 10.2138/AM.2010.3293
An exorbitant monopoly: the High Court of Australia, Myriad Genetics, and gene patents
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 30-06-2017
The Torres Strait Eight: Climate Litigation, Biodiversity, Human Rights and Indigenous Intellectual Property
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 06-09-2022
Quantitative Cathodoluminescence Mapping with Application to a Kalgoorlie Scheelite
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 22-05-2009
DOI: 10.1017/S1431927609090308
Abstract: A method for the analysis of cathodoluminescence spectra is described that enables quantitative trace-element-level distributions to be mapped within minerals and materials. Cathodoluminescence intensities for a number of rare earth elements are determined by Gaussian peak fitting, and these intensities show positive correlation with independently measured concentrations down to parts per million levels. The ability to quantify cathodoluminescence spectra provides a powerful tool to determine both trace element abundances and charge state, while major elemental levels can be determined using more traditional X-ray spectrometry. To illustrate the approach, a scheelite from Kalgoorlie, Western Australia, is hyperspectrally mapped and the cathodoluminescence is calibrated against microanalyses collected using a laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. Trace element maps show micron scale zoning for the rare earth elements Sm 3+ , Dy 3+ , Er 3+ , and Eu 3+ /Eu 2+ . The distribution of Eu 2+ /Eu 3+ suggests that both valences of Eu have been preserved in the scheelite since its crystallization 1.63 billion years ago.
3D representation of geochemical data, the corresponding alteration and associated REE mobility at the Ranger uranium deposit, Northern Territory, Australia
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-04-2013
Microstructural evidence for magma confluence and reusage of magma pathways: Implications for magma hybridization, Karakoram Shear Zone in NW India
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-07-2011
MSA/MAS/AMAS Hyper-Dimensional Spectral File Format - An Update
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 08-2013
DOI: 10.1017/S1431927613006144
Abstract: Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2013 in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA, August 4 – August 8, 2013.
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