ORCID Profile
0000-0003-3213-6220
Current Organisations
Alfred Health
,
Monash University
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Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-08-2022
Abstract: MRI is commonly accepted as the gold standard imaging technique for identification of isolated discoligamentous injury to the cervical spine. Widening of the anterior disc space (ADW) has been suggested as signs of injury to the anterior longitudinal ligament (ALL). The purpose of this study aimed to assess the accuracy of ADW reported on CT as a sign of ligamentous injury compared. The study was performed at a level 1 trauma centre. All patients over a 5‐year period from 1 January 2015 to 31 January 2019 who underwent a cervical CT scan for the indication of trauma and who subsequently received a cervical spine MRI during the same admission were included if no fracture was found on the initial CT. Demographic data were collected along with mechanism of injury and time period between CT and MRI. Presence or absence of subjective CT‐ADW along with presence or absence of ALL injury on MRI was recorded by retrospective review of the radiology reports. Sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values were then calculated. Over a 5‐year period, 1,305 patients fulfilled the study criteria. CT‐ADW had a sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of 8.2% (95% CI: 2.7–18.1%), 96.2% (95% CI: 95.3–97.4%) and 10.2% (95% CI: 3.4–22.2%) respectively. Subjective CT‐ADW is a poor predictor of ALL injury as assessed by MRI and should not be relied upon in isolation to diagnose ligamentous injury of the cervical spine in the setting of trauma.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-03-2022
Abstract: There are few female Interventional Radiologists worldwide and this is a significant issue for many countries. There is little known about the current status and attitudes to women in Interventional Radiology in Australia and New Zealand. The purpose of this study was to explore the gender balance, workforce challenges and perceptions towards women in Interventional Radiology in Australia and New Zealand. An anonymised voluntary survey exploring the current demographics of Interventional Radiologists and opinions on multiple gender issues in Interventional Radiology was conducted. The survey was sent to all members of the Interventional Radiology Society of Australasia. Statistical analysis was performed using independent s les t ‐tests, the non‐parametric Mann–Whitney U testing and proportions of binary variables using logistic regression. Seventy seven responses were received, 83% males and 17% females. The majority of participants worked full time (83%) and identified as an Interventional Radiologist with/without some sessions of diagnostic radiology per week (83%). There was general consensus in many issues however, males tended to disagree more than females that female IRs are treated differently than male IRs (p 0.037), and that male IRs are paid more than female IRs ( P = 0.020). Females agreed it was harder for female IRs to gain academic or clinical promotion however, males disagreed ( P 0.001). There is a clear gender imbalance in Interventional Radiology in Australia and New Zealand. Multiple issues should be investigated and addressed by the major stakeholders such as the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists and the Interventional Radiology society of Australasia.
Publisher: Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Date: 10-05-2023
Abstract: Purpose Uterine artery embolization (UAE) evidence is increasing in the setting of adenomyosis, which shares pathological similarities to endometriosis. Endometriosis is characterized by the presence of endometrium-like tissue outside of the uterus, and the retrograde menstruation hypothesis may account for disease development. In women where fertility is no longer desired, hysterectomy can be offered to improve pain-related symptoms. The authors hypothesize that this cohort of patients may similarly respond to UAE. The aim of this pilot study is to assess the safety and effectiveness of UAE in the management of endometriosis-related symptoms. Methods Six-patient prospective single-arm pilot study in female, premenopausal patients over 40 years with symptoms of endometriosis. Institutional review board approval was obtained. Inclusion criteria include completed family, premenopausal, pelvic endometriosis as confirmed by laparoscopy within the last 5 years, and symptoms of endometriosis impacting quality of life as evidenced by the British Society of Gynaecological Endoscopy pelvic pain and Short Form-36 questionnaires. Results The primary endpoint will be safety, as assessed by the composite number of procedural and postprocedural complications during procedure, predischarge, and at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months. Secondary endpoints will include technical success, clinical success, and durability. Discussion This study will be a novel application of UAE in the setting of endometriosis and has the potential to improve patient quality of life. This pilot study will assess safety and allow the investigators to design a prospective randomized controlled study.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.INJURY.2021.09.020
Abstract: The spleen is the most commonly injured solid organ following blunt abdominal trauma. Over recent decades, splenic artery embolization (SAE) has become the mainstay treatment for haemodynamically stable patients with high-grade blunt splenic trauma, with splenectomy the mainstay of treatment for unstable patients. Splenic function is complex but the spleen has an important role in immune function, particularly in protection against encapsulated bacteria. Established evidence suggests that following splenectomy immune function is impaired resulting in increased susceptibility to overwhelming post-splenectomy infection, however, immune function may be preserved following SAE. This review will discuss the current state of the literature on immune function following different treatments of blunt splenic injury, and the controversies surrounding what constitutes a quantitative test of splenic immune function.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-11-2022
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-022-24504-Y
Abstract: Rapid detection of intracranial haemorrhage (ICH) is crucial for assessing patients with neurological symptoms. Prioritising these urgent scans for reporting presents a challenge for radiologists. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers a solution to enable radiologists to triage urgent scans and reduce reporting errors. This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of an ICH-detection AI software and whether it benefits a high-volume trauma centre in terms of triage and reducing diagnostic errors. A peer review of head CT scans performed prior to the implementation of the AI was conducted to identify the department’s current miss-rate. Once implemented, the AI software was validated using CT scans performed over one month, and was reviewed by a neuroradiologist. The turn-around-time was calculated as the time taken from scan completion to report finalisation. 2916 head CT scans and reports were reviewed as part of the audit. The AI software flagged 20 cases that were negative-by-report. Two of these were true-misses that had no follow-up imaging. Both patients were followed up and exhibited no long-term neurological sequelae. For ICH-positive scans, there was an increase in TAT in the total s le (35.6%), and a statistically insignificant decrease in TAT in the emergency (− 5.1%) and outpatient (− 14.2%) cohorts. The AI software was tested on a s le of real-world data from a high-volume Australian centre. The diagnostic accuracy was comparable to that reported in literature. The study demonstrated the institution’s low miss-rate and short reporting time, therefore any improvements from the use of AI would be marginal and challenging to measure.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 20-02-2020
DOI: 10.1093/CVR/CVAA047
Abstract: As nanotechnologies advance into clinical medicine, novel methods for applying nanomedicine to cardiovascular diseases are emerging. Extensive research has been undertaken to unlock the complex pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. However, this complexity presents challenges to develop effective imaging and therapeutic modalities for early diagnosis and acute intervention. The choice of ligand-receptor system vastly influences the effectiveness of nanomedicine. This review collates current ligand-receptor systems used in targeting functionalized nanoparticles for diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis. Our focus is on the binding affinity and selectivity of ligand-receptor systems, as well as the relative abundance of targets throughout the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Antibody-based targeting systems are currently the most commonly researched due to their high binding affinities when compared with other ligands, such as antibody fragments, peptides, and other small molecules. However, antibodies tend to be immunogenic due to their size. Engineering antibody fragments can address this issue but will compromise their binding affinity. Peptides are promising ligands due to their synthetic flexibility and low production costs. Alongside the aforementioned binding affinity of ligands, the choice of target and its abundance throughout distinct stages of atherosclerosis and thrombosis is relevant to the intended purpose of the nanomedicine. Further studies to investigate the components of atherosclerotic plaques are required as their cellular and molecular profile shifts over time.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2023
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-10-2021
DOI: 10.1038/S41597-021-01066-8
Abstract: Correct catheter position is crucial to ensuring appropriate function of the catheter and avoid complications. This paper describes a dataset consisting of 50,612 image level and 17,999 manually labelled annotations from 30,083 chest radiographs from the publicly available NIH ChestXRay14 dataset with manually annotated and segmented endotracheal tubes (ETT), nasoenteric tubes (NET) and central venous catheters (CVCs).
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.JVIR.2022.02.004
Abstract: Splenic artery embolization (SAE) plays a critical role in the treatment of high-grade splenic injury not requiring emergent laparotomy. SAE preserves splenic tissue, and growing evidence demonstrates preserved short-term splenic immune function after SAE. However, long-term function is less studied. Patients who underwent SAE for blunt abdominal trauma over a 10-year period were contacted for long-term follow-up. Sixteen participants (sex: women, 10, and men, 6 age: median, 34 years, and range, 18-67 years) were followed up at a median of 7.7 years (range, 4.7-12.8 years) after embolization. Splenic lacerations were of American Association for the Surgery of Trauma grades III to V, and 14 procedures involved proximal embolization. All in iduals had measurable levels of IgM memory B cells (median, 14.30 as %B cells), splenic tissue present on ultrasound (median, 122 mL), and no history of severe infection since SAE. In conclusion, this study quantitatively demonstrated that long-term immune function remains after SAE for blunt abdominal trauma based on the IgM memory B cell levels.
Publisher: ACM
Date: 27-06-2020
Publisher: Radiological Society of North America (RSNA)
Date: 03-2021
Publisher: Australasian College of Health Service Management
Date: 07-04-2022
Abstract: Objective: Radiology has been at the forefront of medical technology including the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning. However, there remains scant literature on the perspective of patients regarding clinical use of this technology. This study aimed to assess the opinion of radiology patients on the potential involvement of AI in their medical care. Design: A survey was given to ambulatory outpatients attending our hospital for medical imaging. The survey consisted of questions concerning comfort with radiologist reports, comfort with entirely AI reports, comfort with in-part AI reports, accuracy, data security, and medicolegal risk. Setting: Tertiary academic hospital in Melbourne, Australia. Main outcome measures: Patients’ were surveyed for their overall comfort with the use of AI in their medical imaging using a Likert scale of 0 to 7. Results: 283 patient surveys were included. Patients rated comfort in their imaging being reported by a radiologist at mean of 6.5 out of 7, compared with AI alone at mean 3.5 out of 7 (p .0001), or in-part AI at mean 5.4 out of 7 (p .0001). Patients felt AI should have an accuracy of mean 91.4% to be able to be used in a clinical environment. Patients rated their current comfort with data security at mean 5.5 out of 7 however comfort with data security using AI at mean 4.4 out of 7, p .0001. Conclusions: Patients are trusting of the holistic role of a radiologist however, remain uncomfortable with clinical use of AI as a standalone product including accuracy and data security. If AI technology is to evolve then it must do so with appropriate involvement of stakeholders, of which patients are paramount.
No related grants have been discovered for Adil Zia.