ORCID Profile
0000-0002-8766-0487
Current Organisation
University of New South Wales
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Geomatic engineering | Geospatial Information Systems | Geospatial information systems and geospatial data modelling | Architecture | Geomechanics and Resources Geotechnical Engineering | Resources Engineering and Extractive Metallurgy | Architectural computing and visualisation methods | Structural Engineering | Data visualisation and computational (incl. parametric and generative) design |
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Mining and Extraction of Energy Resources not elsewhere classified | Civil Construction Planning |
Related Links
Publications
Multi-dimensional Indoor Location Information Model
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 26-11-2013
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRSARCHIVES-XL-4-W4-45-2013
Abstract: Abstract. Aiming at the increasing requirements of seamless indoor and outdoor navigation and location service, a Chinese standard of Multidimensional Indoor Location Information Model is being developed, which defines ontology of indoor location. The model is complementary to 3D concepts like CityGML and IndoorGML. The goal of the model is to provide an exchange GML-based format for location needed for indoor routing and navigation. An elaborated user requirements analysis and investigation of state-of-the-art technology in expressing indoor location at home and abroad was completed to identify the manner humans specify location. The ultimate goal is to provide an ontology that will allow absolute and relative specification of location such as "in room 321", "on the second floor", as well as, "two meters from the second window", "12 steps from the door".
Editorial
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-07-2019
An automatic mosaicking method for building facade texture mapping using a monocular close-range image sequence
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2010
Editorial to theme section on UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2018
AN INDOOR NAVIGATION APPROACH CONSIDERING OBSTACLES AND SPACE SUBDIVISION OF 2D PLAN
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 13-06-2016
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRSARCHIVES-XLI-B4-339-2016
Abstract: The demand for indoor navigation is increasingly urgent in many applications such as safe management of underground spaces or location services in complex indoor environment, e.g. shopping centres, airports, museums, underground parking lot and hospitals. Indoor navigation is still a challenging research field, as currently applied indoor navigation algorithms commonly ignore important environmental and human factors and therefore do not provide precise navigation. Flexible and detailed networks representing the connectivity of spaces and considering indoor objects such as furniture are very important to a precise navigation. In this paper we concentrate on indoor navigation considering obstacles represented as polygons. We introduce a specific space sub ision based on a simplified floor plan to build the indoor navigation network. The experiments demonstrate that we are able to navigate around the obstacles using the proposed network. Considering to well-known path-finding approaches based on Medial Axis Transform (MAT) or Visibility Graph (VG), the approach in this paper provides a quick sub ision of space and routes, which are compatible with the results of VG.
The role of DBMS in the new generation GIS architecture
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Date: 2006
FIRST EXPERIMENTS with the TANGO TABLET for INDOOR SCANNING
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 03-06-2016
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ANNALS-III-4-67-2016
Abstract: Abstract. During the last two decades, the third dimension took an important place in the heart of every multimedia. While the 3D technologies mainly used to be tools and subject for researchers, they are becoming commercially available to large public. To make it even more accessible, the Project Tango, leaded by Google, integrates in a simple Android tablet sensors that are able to perform acquisition of the 3D information of a real life scene. This makes it possible for a large number of applications to have access to it, ranging from gaming to indoor navigation, including virtual and augmented reality. In this paper we investigate the ability of the Tango tablet to perform the acquisition of indoor building environment to support application such as indoor navigation. We proceed to several scans in different buildings and we study the characteristics of the output models.
To localise or to be localised with WiFi in the Hubei museum?
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 26-11-2013
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRSARCHIVES-XL-4-W4-31-2013
Abstract: Abstract. Indoor localisation is in demand for a variety of applications within the built environment. An overall solution based on a single technology has not yet been determined. The aim of this paper is to gain insight on Signal Strength monitoring by a special kind of WiFi Monitors in comparison to the commonly known fingerprinting method for the purpose of a 3D indoor navigation system. Ttwo different WiFi based localisation techniques are tested during the MSc Geomatics DaRen Syntheses Project in the Hubei Provincial Museum, China. The first method detects the beacon frames send by smartphones, laptops and other WiFi enabled devices in range using Libelium Meshlium Xtreme monitors. Their MAC addresses and the signal strength is measured by the Meshlium Xtreme and stored on an external database. We call this method WiFi monitoring. The second method a Wifi enabled device, like a smartphone, measures the signal strength of multiple Wifi Access Points in range to localise itself based on a previously created radio map. This method is known as WiFi fingerprinting. Both methods have some advantages and disadvantages. Advantages of the common way of WiFi fingerprinting are that the implementation costs are relatively low, because it is usually possible to use (a part of) the existing WiFi AP infrastructure. WiFi fingerprinting can reach a relatively high accuracy in the order of magnitude of meters. Finally, the location granularity can be adjusted to what is necessary for the purpose of the indoor localisation. This makes it employable for a wide range of purposes. The question remains how suitable these methods are for a 3D indoor navigation system for the Hubei provincial museum. One important aspect is the localisation-granularity necessary for the application. In a museum it is not necessary to know the exact X,Y position of a user (such high accuracy is unnecessary), more important is to know in which room the user is located so the information on exhibitions can be presented and the starting point of the navigation can be determined. Both methods can track the user and tell the room he or she is located at. Although WiFi smartphone monitoring may have a low update frequency it is still suitable for a navigation system for a museum since visitors usually spend more than a couple of minutes within a room.
Top-Bounded Spaces Formed by the Built Environment for Navigation Systems
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 09-05-2019
DOI: 10.3390/IJGI8050224
Abstract: Navigation systems help agents find the right (optimal) path from the origin to the desired destination. Current navigation systems mainly offer the shortest (distance or time) path as the default optimal path. However, under certain circumstances, having a least-top-exposed path can be more interesting. For instance, on a rainy day, a path with as many places as possible covered by roofs/shelters is more attractive and pragmatic, since roofs/shelters can offer protection from rain. In this paper, we name environments that covered by roofs/shelters but not completely enclosed like indoors as “top-bounded environments/spaces” (e.g., porches), which are generally formed by built structures. This kind of space is completely missing in current navigation models and systems. Thus, we investigate how to use it for space-based navigation. After proposing a definition, a space model, and attributes of top-bounded spaces, we introduce a projection-based approach to generate them. Then, taking a pedestrian as an ex le agent, we select generated spaces considering whether the agent can visit/use the identified spaces. Finally, ex les and a use case study demonstrate that our research can help to include top-bounded spaces in navigation systems/models. More navigation path types (e.g., least-top-exposed) can be offered for different agents (such as pedestrians, drones or robots).
3D spatial relationships model: a useful concept for 3D cadastre?
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2003
Investigating the adaptability and implementation of computational design methods in concept design taking plasterboard opportunities for dimensional coordination and waste reduction as a case study
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2023
3D GEO-INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS FOR DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 07-06-2016
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRSARCHIVES-XLI-B2-101-2016
Abstract: A conceptual approach is proposed to define 3D geo-information requirement for different types of disasters. This approach includes components such as Disaster Type-Sector-Actor-Process-Activity-Task-Data. According to disaster types processes, activities, tasks, sectors, and responsible and operational actors are derived. Based on the tasks, the needed level of detail for 3D geo-information model is determined. The levels of detail are compliant with the 3D international standard CityGML. After a brief introduction on the disaster phases and geo-information requirement for actors to perform the tasks, the paper discusses the current situation of disaster and emergency management in Turkey and elaborates on components of conceptual approach. This paper discusses the 3D geo-information requirements for the tasks to be used in the framework of 3D geo-information model for Disaster and Emergency Management System in Turkey. The framework is demonstrated for an industrial fire case in Turkey.
Taxonomy of Navigation for First Responders
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2013
Classification of Power Facility Point Clouds from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Based on Adaboost and Topological Constraints
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 30-10-2019
DOI: 10.3390/S19214717
Abstract: Machine learning algorithms can be well suited to LiDAR point cloud classification, but when they are applied to the point cloud classification of power facilities, many problems such as a large number of computational features and low computational efficiency can be encountered. To solve these problems, this paper proposes the use of the Adaboost algorithm and different topological constraints. For different objects, the top five features with the best discrimination are selected and combined into a strong classifier by the Adaboost algorithm, where coarse classification is performed. For power transmission lines, the optimum scales are selected automatically, and the coarse classification results are refined. For power towers, it is difficult to distinguish the tower from vegetation points by only using spatial features due to the similarity of their proposed key features. Therefore, the topological relationship between the power line and power tower is introduced to distinguish the power tower from vegetation points. The experimental results show that the classification of power transmission lines and power towers by our method can achieve the accuracy of manual classification results and even be more efficient.
Towards Integrating Heterogeneous Data: A Spatial DBMS Solution from a CRC-LCL Project in Australia
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 21-01-2020
DOI: 10.3390/IJGI9020063
Abstract: Over recent decades, more and more cities worldwide have created semantic 3D city models of their built environments based on standards across multiple domains. 3D city models, which are often employed for a large range of tasks, go far beyond pure visualization. Due to different spatial scale requirements for planning and managing various built environments, integration of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Building Information Modeling (BIM) has emerged in recent years. Focus is now shifting to Precinct Information Modeling (PIM) which is in a more general sense to built-environment modeling. As scales change so do options to perform information modeling for different applications. How to implement data interoperability across these digital representations, therefore, becomes an emerging challenge. Moreover, with the growth of multi-source heterogeneous data consisting of semantic and varying 2D/3D spatial representations, data management becomes feasible for facilitating the development and deployment of PIM applications. How to use heterogeneous data in an integrating manner to further express PIM is an open and comprehensive topic. In this paper, we develop a semantic PIM based on multi-source heterogeneous data. Then, we tackle spatial data management problems in a Spatial Database Management System (SDBMS) solution for our defined unified model. Case studies on the University of New South Wales (UNSW) c us demonstrate the efficiency of our solution.
A pedestrian tracking algorithm using grid-based indoor model
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2018
Integrated flood disaster management and spatial information: Case studies of Netherlands and India
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 27-11-2014
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRSARCHIVES-XL-8-147-2014
Abstract: Abstract. Spatial Information is an integral part of flood management practices which include risk management & emergency response processes. Although risk & emergency management activities have their own characteristics, for ex le, related to the time scales, time pressure, activities & actors involved, it is still possible to identify at least one common challenge that constrains the ability of risk & emergency management to plan for & manage emergencies effectively and efficiently i.e. the need for better information. Considering this aspect, this paper explores flood management in Netherlands& India with an emphasis on spatial information requirements of each system. The paper examines the activities, actors & information needs related to flood management. Changing perspectives on flood management in Netherlands are studied where additional attention is being paid to the organization and preparation of flood emergency management. Role of different key actors involved in risk management is explored. Indian Flood management guidelines, by National Disaster Management Authority, are analyzed in context of their history, institutional framework, achievements and gaps. Flood Forecasting System of Central Water Commission of India is also analyzed in context of spatial dimensions. Further, information overlap between risk & emergency management from the perspectives of spatial planners & emergency responders and role of GIS based modelling / simulation is analyzed. Finally, the need for an integrated spatial information structure is explained & discussed in detail. This examination of flood management practices in the Netherlands and India with an emphasis on the required spatial information in these practices has revealed an increased recognition of the strong interdependence between risk management and emergency response processes. Consequently, the importance of an integrated spatial information infrastructure that facilitates the process of both risk and emergency management is addressed.
PREFACE
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 20-09-2018
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ARCHIVES-XLII-4-W11-1-2018
Abstract: Abstract. Simply defined, a Smart City is a city overlaid by a digital layer, which is used for the governance of the city. A Smart City uses intelligent technology to enhance our quality of life in urban environments, bringing together people and data from disparate sources such as sensors, demographics, topographic and 3D mapping, Building Information Models and many more. Increasingly, Smart Cities use this data in a variety of ways, to address key challenges related to transportation, communications, air quality, noise, well-being of the citizens, decision making relating to education and health and urban planning, as well as in relation to initiatives such as startups and fostering economic growth and employment within the city. As more data becomes available, the challenges of storing, managing and integrating such data are also multiplied.This increasing interest in Smart Cities world-wide, along with a growing understanding of the importance of integrating “Smart” data with other data and wider applications for the benefit of citizens, made the choice of hosting the third Smart Data, Smart Cities conference in Delft – in conjunction with three other conferences – a very natural one. Together the four conferences were held during the week of 1st–5th October 2018, and alongside SDSC participants were invited to attend the ISPRS Technical Commission IV Symposium, the 13th 3D GeoInfo Conference and the 6th International FIG Workshop on 3D Cadastres. Participant interaction – and the ability to attend sessions across the four events – was particularly encouraged. SDSC 2018 itself was organised by the Urban Data Management Society (UDMS www.udms.net), ISPRS and TU Delft (the Delft University of Technology), and Professor Volker Coors Chaired the SDSC committee.As in previous years, three key conference themes were proposed to represent the Smart Cities: Smart Data (sensor network databases, on-the-fly data mining, geographic and urban knowledge modeling and engineering, green computing, urban data analytics and big data, big databases and data management), Smart People (volunteered information, systems for public participation) and Smart Cities (systems of territorial intelligence, systems for city intelligence management,3D modeling of cities, internet of things, social networks, monitoring systems, mobility and transportation, smart-city-wide telecommunications infrastructure, urban knowledge engineering, urban dashboard design and implementation, new style of urban decision-making systems, geovisualization devoted to urban problems, disaster management systems).This volume consists of 7 papers, which were selected from 34 submissions on the basis of peer review. These papers present novel research concerning the use of spatial information and communication technologies in Smart Cities, addressing different aspects relating to Smart Data. Selected papers tackle different aspects of Smart Cities: transport, sustainable mobility dashboards and web GIS citizen engagement and participation sensors urban decision making.The editors are grateful to the members of the Scientific Committee for their time and valuable comments, which contributed to the high quality of the papers. Reviews were contributed by: Giorgio Agugiaro, Maria Antoniabrovelli, Ken Arroyoohori, Martina Baucic, Michela Bertolotto, Pawel Boguslawski, Azedine Boulmakoul, Caesar Cardenas, Ofelia Cervantes, Volker Coors, Isabel Cruz, Vincenzo Delfatto, Claire Ellul, Tarun Ghawana, Gesquiere Gilles, Gerhard Groeger, Eberhard Gulch, Jan-Henrik Haunert, Stephen Hirtle, Umit Isikdag, Martin Kada, Snjezana Knezic, Robert Laurini, Liu Liu, Ed Manley, Viviana Mascardi, Marco Minghini, Raul Monroy, Regina Motz, Beniamino Murgante, Marco Painho, Dev Paudyal, Alenka Poplin, Ivana Racetin, Ismail Rakip Karas, Preston Rodrigues, David Sol, Wei Tu, Wei Tu, Genoveva Vargas, Kavita Vemuri, Edward Verbree, Mingshu Wang, Maribel Yasminasantos, Sisi Zlatanova. We are also grateful to the work of the local organising committee at TU Delft, without whom this conference would not have been possible.
NAVIGATION IN INDOOR VOXEL MODELS
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 29-05-2019
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ANNALS-IV-2-W5-279-2019
Abstract: Abstract. The paper proposes to use voxel models of building interiors to perform indoor navigation. The algorithms can be purely geometrical, not relying on semantic information about different building elements, such as floors, walls, stairways etc. Therefore, it is possible to use voxel models from different data sources, in addition to vector-to-raster conversions. The paper demonstrates this on the basis of tree different input types: hand measurements, point clouds and images of floorplans. On the basis of these models, the paper shows how to determine the navigable space in a voxel model for a pedestrian actor, and how to compute paths from arbitrary sources to specified destinations.
A Framework for Defining a 3D Model in Support of Risk Management
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2010
MOVING HUMAN PATH TRACKING BASED ON VIDEO SURVEILLANCE IN 3D INDOOR SCENARIOS
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 03-06-2016
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ANNALS-III-4-97-2016
Abstract: Abstract. Video surveillance systems are increasingly used for a variety of 3D indoor applications. We can analyse human behaviour, discover and avoid crowded areas, monitor human traffic and so forth. In this paper we concentrate on use of surveillance cameras to track and reconstruct the path a person has followed. For the purpose we integrated video surveillance data with a 3D indoor model of the building and develop a single human moving path tracking method. We process the surveillance videos to detected single human moving traces then we match the depth information of 3D scenes to the constructed 3D indoor network model and define the human traces in the 3D indoor space. Finally, the single human traces extracted from multiple cameras are connected with the help of the connectivity provided by the 3D network model. Using this approach, we can reconstruct the entire walking path. The provided experiments with a single person have verified the effectiveness and robustness of the method.
Multi-agent based path planning for first responders among moving obstacles
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2016
TRAFFIC INCIDENT MANAGEMENT IN THE PRESENCE OF HAZARDS
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 05-09-2016
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ANNALS-IV-4-W1-45-2016
Abstract: Abstract. Traffic incidents can result in different kinds of hazards (e.g., plumes) that influence the status of road networks, therefore there is a great need for incident management in the presence of the hazards. When incidents occur, the created hazards not only affect the normal road users (make them detour or blocked), but also influence the movement of first responders. Traffic managers, who are responsible for maintaining the road safety and traffic stability, should carry out quick and effective measures to manage the incidents. In this paper, we present four issues to help people better understand the situations that could occur in the management of incidents with hazards: 1). Evacuation in the presence of hazards 2). 3D incident management 3). Navigation support for first responders 4). Navigation support for road users. To address these issues, we propose a solution which combines agent technology, geo-database, hazard simulation, and traffic simulation. Further research would be needed to investigate the potentials of the proposed solution in real applications.
3D GEO-INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS FOR DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 07-06-2016
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ARCHIVES-XLI-B2-101-2016
Abstract: Abstract. A conceptual approach is proposed to define 3D geo-information requirement for different types of disasters. This approach includes components such as Disaster Type-Sector-Actor-Process-Activity-Task-Data. According to disaster types processes, activities, tasks, sectors, and responsible and operational actors are derived. Based on the tasks, the needed level of detail for 3D geo-information model is determined. The levels of detail are compliant with the 3D international standard CityGML. After a brief introduction on the disaster phases and geo-information requirement for actors to perform the tasks, the paper discusses the current situation of disaster and emergency management in Turkey and elaborates on components of conceptual approach. This paper discusses the 3D geo-information requirements for the tasks to be used in the framework of 3D geo-information model for Disaster and Emergency Management System in Turkey. The framework is demonstrated for an industrial fire case in Turkey.
3D-GEM: Geo-technical extension towards an integrated 3D information model for infrastructural development
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2014
A columnar architecture for modern risk management systems
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2016
Risk-maps informing land-use planning processes
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2007
DOI: 10.1016/J.JHAZMAT.2006.11.032
Abstract: The definition of safety distances as required by Art 12 of the Seveso II Directive on dangerous substances (96/82/EC) is necessary to minimize the consequences of potential major accidents. As they affect the land-use destinations of involved areas, safety distances can be considered as risk tolerability criteria with a territorial reflection. Recent studies explored the suitability of using Geographical Information System technologies to support their elaboration and visual rendering. In particular, the elaboration of GIS "risk-maps" has been recognized as functional to two objectives: connecting spatial planners and safety experts during decision making processes and communicating risk to non-experts audiences. In order to elaborate on these findings and to verify their reflection on European practices, the article presents the result of a comparative study between the United Kingdom and the Netherlands recent developments. Their land-use planning practices for areas falling under Seveso II requirements are explored. The role of GIS risk-maps within decisional processes is analyzed and the reflection on the transparency and accessibility of risk-information is commented. Recommendations for further developments are given.
Development of 3D Spatial Database Enabled IT Framework for Land Agencies: Case Studies of Delhi, India and Prague, Czech Republic
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 03-2021
DOI: 10.3390/LAND10030248
Abstract: Rapid urbanization has led vertical infrastructural growth in different countries with differing economic development levels and social systems. The two cities, Prague and Delhi, are the capital cities of their respective countries and have significant vertical developments. However, the two cities represent the urban areas from countries having different economic development levels. The land agencies need to keep monitoring and managing the developments in a city. The paper proposes a conceptual 3D spatial database enabled IT framework for land agencies. A monostrand multiple case study approach reviews the current practices, existing spatial data systems and programmes with 3D components, initiatives taken to create digital spatial database and potential for 3D spatial database in the two cities. The policy drivers for creation and use of 3D spatial database for land agencies are presented. The current legal and planning landscape and the institutional arrangements related to land and property development have been studied considering the scope for the development of 3D data. Further, a conceptual 3D spatial database enabled IT framework for better land administration, planning, development and management functioning is proposed. The proposed framework can make a difference providing interconnectivity, ease of access and usage, time and cost efficiency, enhanced organizational coordination and spatial data information-based decision-making process.
Free multi-floor indoor space extraction from complex 3D building models
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-11-2016
A BIM-Oriented Model for supporting indoor navigation requirements
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2013
RESOLUTION IN PHOTOVOLTAIC POTENTIAL COMPUTATION
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 05-09-2016
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ANNALS-IV-4-W1-89-2016
Abstract: Abstract. In this paper, an analysis of the effect of the various types of resolution involved in photovoltaic potential computation is presented. To calculate solar energy incident on a surface, shadow from surrounding buildings has been considered. The incident energy on a surface has been calculated taking the orientation, tilt and position into consideration. Different sky visibility map has been created for direct and diffuse radiation and only the effect of resolution of the factors has been explored here. The following four resolutions are considered: 1. temporal resolution (1, 10, 60 minutes time interval for calculating visibility of sun), 2. object surface resolution (0.01, 0.1, 0.375, 0.75, 1.25, 2.5 and 5 m2 as maximum triangle size of a surface to be considered), 3. blocking obstacle resolution (number of triangles from LoD1, LoD2, or LoD3 CityGML building models), and 4. sky resolution (ranging from 150 to 600 sky-patches used to ide the sky-dome). Higher resolutions result in general in more precise estimation of the photovoltaic potential, but also the computation time is increasing, especially as realizes that this computation has to be done for every building with its object surface (both roofs and façades). This paper is the first in depth analysis ever of the effect of resolution and will help to configure the proper settings for effective photovoltaic potential computations.
Path Planning for First Responders in the Presence of Moving Obstacles With Uncertain Boundaries
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 08-2017
Valid Space Description in BIM for 3D Indoor Navigation
Publisher: IGI Global
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7314-2.CH025
Abstract: The BIM paradigm, supplied by appropriate standards like IFC, became unavoidable in recent construction projects. Several applications (e.g. indoor navigation, energy analysis ...) find in it a source of information on which they can rely. However, practices reveal that BIM models are not always directly reliable for applications and the latter have to ensure the validity of the data by their own. In the case of indoor navigation, the calculations will highly rely on the IfcSpace objects describing the rooms, in addition to their spatial relationships with their surrounding components. Unfortunately, it is common to face IFC models in which IfcSpace objects contain wrong geometric and topological description. In this paper, the authors discuss the issues related to BIM models validation for indoor navigation. Furthermore, they present a method to generate valid indoor spaces in IFC models. The approach relies on the structural components of the building (walls, slabs, etc.) and uses topological operations, supported by the combinatorial map data structure, to produce watertight space volumes.
Interactive navigation services through value-added CycloMedia panoramic images
Publisher: ACM Press
Date: 2004
A data model for operational and situational information in emergency response
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-08-2011
Integration of BIM in Steel Building Projects (BIM-DFE): A Delphi Survey
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 13-09-2022
DOI: 10.3390/BUILDINGS12091439
Abstract: This study aims to design a BIM integration model for steel building projects (BIM-DFE). It was developed in the following three phases: (i) theoretical phase, (ii) validation phase, and (iii) statistical analysis for the theoretical phase. A literature review was conducted to study the applications of BIM in steel building projects and to develop an integrated BIM process map for the construction lifecycle of steel buildings. Subsequently, in the validation phase, 32 participants were invited to complete a two-round Delphi questionnaire to validate the BIM-DFE proposal. The participants were classified according to their knowledge level (skilled or expert). Based on the literature review, a process map that integrates BIM in different phases of a steel building project was created. In the first round of the Delphi questionnaire for the validation phase, the various groups studied (skilled vs. expert) were in moderate agreement with the BIM-DFE proposal however, after the second round, this agreement became better. Therefore, this study contributes to the current body of knowledge by providing a BIM integration model to improve the management of steel building projects as defined by critical stakeholders in the steel industry. In addition, a real-time case is presented to elucidate a part of the research contribution.
Sensors for indoor mapping and navigation
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 09-05-2016
DOI: 10.3390/S16050655
PREFACE – ISPRS TECHNICAL COMMISSION IV MIDTERM SYMPOSIUM 2018
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 19-09-2018
Space-Time Point Pattern Analysis of Flavescence Dorée Epidemic in a Grapevine Field: Disease Progression and Recovery
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 06-01-2017
USING THE COMBINED LADM-INDOORGML MODEL TO SUPPORT BUIILDING EVACUATION
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 19-09-2018
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ARCHIVES-XLII-4-11-2018
Abstract: Abstract. During an incident, many people that are located in indoor environments require to follow emergency evacuation procedures. The ‘emergency evacuation’ term has been defined as ‘a critical movement of people from a dangerous area due to the risk or an incident of a tragic event’ (Bonabeau, 2002). An emergency evacuation could be needed in a life or death situation, regardless if it begins with a natural non-intended incident or a terrorist attack. Many researchers have studied the behaviour of the people during the evacuation because of several incidents with panic attacks that have led to injuries including death of people being crushed or tr led down by others. In crisis situation, the perception of the indoor environment, which differs from person to person, play a critical role in the evacuation. Also, the access rights of the indoor spaces are different from those rights (and restrictions) during normal times. They may positively impact the movements of the people during the evacuation by providing suggestions for shorter/better route. This paper addresses the impact of the access rights of the indoor spaces during an emergency evacuation. We employ the conceptual model of LADM-IndoorGML that defines the accessibility of the indoor spaces based on the rights, restrictions, and responsibilities of the user of the indoor space. The access rights of the indoor spaces are affected by the crisis event and this needs to be modelled explicitly (and before crisis situation). Actually, the rights/restrictions persons have on spaces is time dependent: normal operation hours, outside normal operation hours (e.g. during night time in case of a University building) or during crisis times. These actual/valid rights and restrictions affect the movement/accessibility of the users to reach the nearest emergency exits or the safe zone. For this reason, different scenarios have to be developed to study the impact of the accessibilities for different types of users. In this paper we will present the 3D model of an educational building that was built for the purpose of evacuation study. The 3D model is supported by real data for all spaces from the facility management department such as information on departments, sections, groups of users (visitors, employees, and students), and public rivate spaces, etc. and a real evacuation exercise. We consider it extremely important to develop our information model based on international standards (LADM/ISO 19152, OGC IndoorGML, ISO 19141, ISO 19107) as we expect that this information will be part of the future ‘building infrastructure’ and applications all over the world can understand and use this data when entering or leaving a certain building both during normal and crisis situations. Different types of applications are anticipated to be based on this information model e.g. mobile indoor routing app (for normal building users and Emergency Response Team members), crisis evacuation desktop application for command centre, etc.
EXPLORING THE PROCESSES OF GENERATING LOD (0–2) CITYGML MODELS IN GREATER MUNICIPALITY OF ISTANBUL
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 20-08-2013
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRSARCHIVES-XL-2-W2-19-2013
Abstract: Abstract. 3D models of cities, visualised and exploded in 3D virtual environments have been available for several years. Currently a large number of impressive realistic 3D models have been regularly presented at scientific, professional and commercial events. One of the most promising developments is OGC standard CityGML. CityGML is object-oriented model that support 3D geometry and thematic semantics, attributes and relationships, and offers advanced options for realistic visualization. One of the very attractive characteristics of the model is the support of 5 levels of detail (LOD), starting from 2.5D less accurate model (LOD0) and ending with very detail indoor model (LOD4). Different local government offices and municipalities have different needs when utilizing the CityGML models, and the process of model generation depends on local and domain specific needs. Although the processes (i.e. the tasks and activities) for generating the models differs depending on its utilization purpose, there are also some common tasks (i.e. common denominator processes) in the model generation of City GML models. This paper focuses on defining the common tasks in generation of LOD (0–2) City GML models and representing them in a formal way with process modeling diagrams.
Route directions generation using visible landmarks
Publisher: ACM Press
Date: 2014
EXTRACTION of the 3D FREE SPACE from BUILDING MODELS for INDOOR NAVIGATION
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 05-10-2016
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ANNALS-IV-2-W1-241-2016
Abstract: Abstract. For several decades, indoor navigation has been exclusively investigated in a 2D perspective, based on floor plans, projection and other 2D representations of buildings. Nevertheless, 3D representations are closer to our reality and offer a more intuitive description of the space configuration. Thanks to recent advances in 3D modelling, 3D navigation is timidly but increasingly gaining in interest through the indoor applications. But, because the structure of indoor environment is often more complex than outdoor, very simplified models are used and obstacles are not considered for indoor navigation leading to limited possibilities in complex buildings. In this paper we consider the entire configuration of the indoor environment in 3D and introduce a method to extract from it the actual navigable space as a network of connected 3D spaces (volumes). We describe how to construct such 3D free spaces from semantically rich and furnished IFC models. The approach combines the geometric, the topological and the semantic information available in a 3D model to isolate the free space from the rest of the components. Furthermore, the extraction of such navigable spaces in building models lacking of semantic information is also considered. A data structure named combinatorial maps is used to support the operations required by the process while preserving the topological and semantic information of the input models.
4D cadastres: First analysis of legal, organizational, and technical impact—With a case study on utility networks
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2010
Remote Sensing and GIS Technologies for Monitoring and Prediction of Disasters
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2008
Auf dem Weg zu einer 3D-Geodateninfrastruktur: Der Niederländische Ansatz
Publisher: Schweizerbart
Date: 12-2011
Advancements in open-source photogrammetry with a point cloud standpoint
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-10-2023
Interactive modelling of buildings in Google Earth: A 3D tool for Urban Planning
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 03-10-2009
AN APPROACH FOR INDOOR WAYFINDING REPLICATING MAIN PRINCIPLES OF AN OUTDOOR NAVIGATION SYSTEM FOR CYCLISTS
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 11-05-2015
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRSARCHIVES-XL-4-W5-29-2015
Abstract: Abstract. This work presents an approach to enhance navigation in indoor environments based on a landmark concept. It has already been proved by empirical research that by using landmarks the wayfinding task can be significantly simplified. Navigation based on landmarks relies on the presence of landmarks at each point along a route where wayfinders might need assistance. The approach presented here is based on the Dutch system for navigation of cyclists. The landmarks that are used in the proposed approach are special signposts containing the necessary directional information in order to guide the wayfinder in the space. The system is quite simple, efficient and satisfactory in providing navigational assistance in indoor space. An important contribution of this research is the generation of an approach to automatically determine the decision points in indoor environments, which makes it possible to apply it to navigational assistance systems in any building. The proposed system is verified by placing numbered landmark-signs in a specific building. Several tests are performed and the results are analysed. The findings of the experiment are very promising, showing that participants reach the destinations without detours.
Geo-information for Disaster Management
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2005
DOI: 10.1007/B139115
Challenges of Semantic 3D City Models
Publisher: IGI Global
Date: 04-2015
DOI: 10.4018/IJ3DIM.2015040106
Abstract: This technical paper is a contribution to the identification of current challenges of semantic 3D city models. They are presented in four parts, namely 3D enriched city models and their connection with urban information models and smartcities, urban models integration, urban analyses and data. This work is an output of the COST Action TU0801 “Semantic Enrichment of 3D city models for sustainable urban development”.
3D Indoor Environment Abstraction for Crowd Simulations in Complex Buildings
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 29-09-2021
DOI: 10.3390/BUILDINGS11100445
Abstract: This paper presents an approach for the automatic abstraction of built environments needed for pedestrian dynamics from any building configuration. The approach assesses the usability of navigation mesh to perform realistically pedestrian simulation considering the physical structure and pedestrian abilities for it. Several steps are examined including the creation of a navigation mesh, space sub ision, border extraction, height map identification, stairs classification and parametrisation, as well as pedestrian simulation. A social-force model is utilised to simulate the interactions between pedestrians and an environment. To perform quickly different 2D/3D geometrical queries various spatial indexing techniques are used, allowing fast identification of navigable spaces and proximity checks related to avoidance of people and obstacles in built environments. For ex le, for a moderate size building having eight floors and a net area of 13,000 m2, it takes only 104 s to extract the required building information to run a simulation. This approach can be used for any building configuration extracting automatically needed features to run pedestrian simulations. In this way, architects, urban planners, fire safety engineers, transport modellers and many other users without the need to manually interact with a building model can perform immediately crowd simulations.
Significant Geo-Social Group Discovery over Location-Based Social Network
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 02-07-2021
DOI: 10.3390/S21134551
Abstract: Geo-social community detection over location-based social networks combining both location and social factors to generate useful computational results has attracted increasing interest from both industrial and academic communities. In this paper, we formulate a novel community model, termed geo-social group (GSG), to enforce both spatial and social factors to generate significant computational patterns and to investigate the problem of community detection over location-based social networks. Specifically, GSG detection aims to extract all group-venue clusters, where users are similar to each other in the same group and they are located in a minimum covering circle (MCC) for which the radius is no greater than a distance threshold γ. Then, we present a GSGD algorithm following a three-step paradigm to enumerate all qualified GSGs in a large network. We propose effective optimization techniques to efficiently enumerate all communities in a network. Furthermore, we extend a significant GSG detection problem to top-k geo-social group (TkGSG) mining. Rather than extracting all qualified GSGs in a network, TkGSG aims to return k feasibility groups to guarantee the ersity. We prove the hardness of computing the TkGSGs. Nevertheless, we propose the effective greedy approach with a guaranteed approximation ratio of 1−1/e. Extensive empirical studies on real and synthetic networks show the superiority of our algorithm when compared with existing methods and demonstrate the effectiveness of our new community model and the efficiency of our optimization techniques.
3D GEOSPATIAL INDOOR NAVIGATION FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND RESPONSE IN URBAN ENVIRONMENT
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 19-09-2018
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ANNALS-IV-4-49-2018
Abstract: Abstract. Disaster management for urban environments with complex structures requires 3D extensions of indoor applications to support better risk reduction and response strategies. The paper highlights the need for assessment and explores the role of 3D geospatial information and modeling regarding the indoor structure and navigational routes which can be utilized as disaster risk reduction and response strategy. The reviewed models or methods are analysed testing parameters in the context of indoor risk and disaster management. These parameters are level of detail, connection to outdoor, spatial model and network, handling constraints. 3D reconstruction of indoors requires the structural data to be collected in a feasible manner with sufficient details. Defining the indoor space along with obstacles is important for navigation. Readily available technologies embedded in smartphones allow development of mobile applications for data collection, visualization and navigation enabling access by masses at low cost. The paper concludes with recommendations for 3D modeling, navigation and visualization of data using readily available smartphone technologies, drones as well as advanced robotics for Disaster Management.
BIM-BASED INDOOR PATH PLANNING CONSIDERING OBSTACLES
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 14-09-2017
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ANNALS-IV-2-W4-417-2017
Abstract: Abstract. At present, 87 % of people’s activities are in indoor environment indoor navigation has become a research issue. As the building structures for people’s daily life are more and more complex, many obstacles influence humans’ moving. Therefore it is essential to provide an accurate and efficient indoor path planning. Nowadays there are many challenges and problems in indoor navigation. Most existing path planning approaches are based on 2D plans, pay more attention to the geometric configuration of indoor space, often ignore rich semantic information of building components, and mostly consider simple indoor layout without taking into account the furniture. Addressing the above shortcomings, this paper uses BIM (IFC) as the input data and concentrates on indoor navigation considering obstacles in the multi-floor buildings. After geometric and semantic information are extracted, 2D and 3D space sub ision methods are adopted to build the indoor navigation network and to realize a path planning that avoids obstacles. The 3D space sub ision is based on triangular prism. The two approaches are verified by the experiments.
Multi-agent Infrastructure Assisting Navigation for First Responders
Publisher: ACM
Date: 05-11-2013
Safe Route Determination for First Responders in the Presence of Moving Obstacles
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 03-2020
Indoor space subdivision for indoor navigation
Publisher: ACM Press
Date: 2014
Establishing a national standard for 3D topographic data compliant to CityGML
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2013
3D VISUALISATION OF UNDERGROUND PIPELINES: BEST STRATEGY FOR 3D SCENE CREATION
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 13-09-2013
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRSANNALS-II-2-W1-139-2013
Abstract: Abstract. Underground pipelines pose numerous challenges to 3D visualization. Pipes and cables are conceptually simple and narrow objects with clearly defined shapes, spanned over large geographical areas and made of multiple segments. Pipes are usually maintained as linear objects in the databases. However, the visualization of lines in 3D is difficult to perceive as such lines lack the volumetric appearance, which introduces depth perception and allows understanding the disposition and relationships between the objects on the screen. Therefore the lines should be replaced by volumetric shapes, such as parametric shapes (cylinders) or triangular meshes. The reconstruction of the 3D shape of the pipes has to be done on the fly and therefore it is important to select a 3D representation which will not degrade the performance. If a reconstruction method provides a good performance, the visualization of pipes and cables is guaranteed to provide a smooth experience to the final user, enabling richer scenes but also establishing the visualization requirements in terms of hardware and software to display underground utilities. This paper presents our investigations on a strategy for creating a 3D pipes for 3D visualisation. It is assumed that the pipelines are stored in a database and portions of them are retrieved for 3D reconstruction and 3D visualization. Generally, the reconstruction of underground utilities can be performed in different ways and should lead to realistic appearance, produce visual continuity between segments, include objects depicting specific connections and even consider buffer volumes displaying the uncertainty and the security distance between objects. The creation of such visually pleasing reconstructions may require very detailed shapes, which will increase the complexity of the scene and degrade the performance. This research has identified four criteria to measure the complexity of the scene and conclude on a 3D reconstruction strategy: number of scene graph nodes, number of triangles and vertices on the screen, needed transformations and appearance options. On the basis of these criteria a testing framework is developed. Ten different strategies for 3D reconstruction are defined and tested for X3D, X3DOM and WebGL. The paper analyses the results of the tests and concludes on the best strategy.
A spatial data model for accessibility with indoor temporal changes
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-11-2022
DOI: 10.1111/TGIS.13002
Abstract: Indoor accessibility is often evaluated with the networks extracted from buildings. For instance, circulation networks with depth cost are applied to floor design. A group of data models supports the extraction of indoor networks from buildings, and these networks are widely used to evaluate the accessibility of users. However, the existing cases are mostly devised for static environments, that is, without consideration of dynamic obstacles. This assumption may contradict the fact of daily changes such as pedestrian flow and temporal blockage. Except emergency scenarios, these daily temporal changes can interrupt the continuous movement of a user, and they shall be considered for data modeling of indoor networks. Thus, this article proposes a concise data model which can manage daily temporal changes of accessibility and support related accessibility queries. In the data model, we consider indoor accessibility on two levels of detail, that is, the room and sub‐room levels. On the room level, we revise a gravity model to measure the accessibility variation of rooms influenced by temporal obstacles. On the sub‐room level, we continuously update obstacle‐avoiding networks adapted to temporal obstacles. In this case, the accessibility of a user at any location can be assessed and time‐dependent accurate routes can be planned at different moments. We implemented this spatial data model in the DBMS PostgreSQL and its feasibility was demonstrated with the test in a c us building. The data model can be applied to daily checks of user accessibility and can be further incorporated with indoor sensor systems and simulation models to predict accessibility variation.
Automatic Registration of Terrestrial Scan Data based on Matching Corresponding Points from Reflectivity Images
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 04-2007
Valid Space Description in BIM for 3D Indoor Navigation
Publisher: IGI Global
Date: 07-2016
DOI: 10.4018/IJ3DIM.2016070101
Abstract: The BIM paradigm, supplied by appropriate standards like IFC, became unavoidable in recent construction projects. Several applications (e.g. indoor navigation, energy analysis ...) find in it a source of information on which they can rely. However, practices reveal that BIM models are not always directly reliable for applications and the latter have to ensure the validity of the data by their own. In the case of indoor navigation, the calculations will highly rely on the IfcSpace objects describing the rooms, in addition to their spatial relationships with their surrounding components. Unfortunately, it is common to face IFC models in which IfcSpace objects contain wrong geometric and topological description. In this paper, the authors discuss the issues related to BIM models validation for indoor navigation. Furthermore, they present a method to generate valid indoor spaces in IFC models. The approach relies on the structural components of the building (walls, slabs, etc.) and uses topological operations, supported by the combinatorial map data structure, to produce watertight space volumes.
A Methodology for Modelling of 3D Spatial Constraints
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 18-10-2016
An A*-Based Search Approach for Navigation Among Moving Obstacles
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 02-12-2012
A Two-level Path-finding Strategy for Indoor Navigation
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 02-12-2012
Semantic enrichment of octree structured point clouds for multi-story 3D pathfinding
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-01-2018
DOI: 10.1111/TGIS.12308
Exploring the relationship between spatial morphology characteristics and scenic beauty preference of landscape open space unit by using point cloud data
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 25-08-2020
Abstract: To explore the relationship between the objective morphological features and subjective scenic beauty preference of landscape open space units, this study improves the research method for morphology quantification, scenic beauty preference survey and relationship analysis. Fourteen morphology factors representing the features of boundary, domain and enclosure are quantified based on the point cloud data of 35 open space units. Scenic beauty evaluation is conducted online with dynamic panoramic photos. Principal component analysis is implemented to convert 14 correlated form factors into five principal components representing morphological principle. The multiple linear regression model explains the contribution of each principal component to scenic beauty preference values, showing a significance sequence of penetration, scale, naturalness, complexity and rhythm. The first three principal components have positive impacts on scenic beauty preference, while the last two principal components are negative. This work aims to reveal the regularity of public’s scenic beauty preference for open space morphology.
RASTERIZATION AND VOXELIZATION OF TWO- AND THREE-DIMENSIONAL SPACE PARTITIONINGS
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 13-06-2016
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRSARCHIVES-XLI-B4-283-2016
Abstract: The paper presents a very straightforward and effective algorithm to convert a space partitioning, made up of polyhedral objects, into a 3D block of voxels, which is fully occupied, i.e. in which every voxel has a value. In addition to walls, floors, etc. there are 'air' voxels, which in turn may be distinguished as indoor and outdoor air. The method is a 3D extension of a 2D polygon-to-raster conversion algorithm. The input of the algorithm is a set of non-overlapping, closed polyhedra, which can be nested or touching. The air volume is not necessarily represented explicitly as a polyhedron (it can be treated as 'background', leading to the 'default' voxel value). The approach consists of two stages, the first being object (boundary) based, the second scan-line based. In addition to planar faces, other primitives, such as ellipsoids, can be accommodated in the first stage without affecting the second.
PREFACE
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 25-09-2017
MULTI-LEVEL INDOOR PATH PLANNING METHOD
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 11-05-2015
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRSARCHIVES-XL-4-W5-19-2015
Abstract: Abstract. Indoor navigation is increasingly widespread in complex indoor environments, and indoor path planning is the most important part of indoor navigation. Path planning generally refers to finding the most suitable path connecting two locations, while avoiding collision with obstacles. However, it is a fundamental problem, especially for 3D complex building model. A common way to solve the issue in some applications has been approached in a number of relevant literature, which primarily operates on 2D drawings or building layouts, possibly with few attached attributes for obstacles. Although several digital building models in the format of 3D CAD have been used for path planning, they usually contain only geometric information while losing abundant semantic information of building components (e.g. types and attributes of building components and their simple relationships). Therefore, it becomes important to develop a reliable method that can enhance application of path planning by combining both geometric and semantic information of building components. This paper introduces a method that support 3D indoor path planning with semantic information.
CHALLENGES IN FLYING QUADROTOR UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE FOR 3D INDOOR RECONSTRUCTION
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 12-09-2017
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ARCHIVES-XLII-2-W7-423-2017
Abstract: Abstract. Three-dimensional modelling plays a vital role in indoor 3D tracking, navigation, guidance and emergency evacuation. Reconstruction of indoor 3D models is still problematic, in part, because indoor spaces provide challenges less-documented than their outdoor counterparts. Challenges include obstacles curtailing image and point cloud capture, restricted accessibility and a wide array of indoor objects, each with unique semantics. Reconstruction of indoor environments can be achieved through a photogrammetric approach, e.g. by using image frames, aligned using recurring corresponding image points (CIP) to build coloured point clouds. Our experiments were conducted by flying a QUAV in three indoor environments and later reconstructing 3D models which were analysed under different conditions. Point clouds and meshes were created using Agisoft PhotoScan Professional. We concentrated on flight paths from two vantage points: 1) safety and security while flying indoors and 2) data collection needed for reconstruction of 3D models. We surmised that the main challenges in providing safe flight paths are related to the physical configuration of indoor environments, privacy issues, the presence of people and light conditions. We observed that the quality of recorded video used for 3D reconstruction has a high dependency on surface materials, wall textures and object types being reconstructed. Our results show that 3D indoor reconstruction predicated on video capture using a QUAV is indeed feasible, but close attention should be paid to flight paths and conditions ultimately influencing the quality of 3D models. Moreover, it should be decided in advance which objects need to be reconstructed, e.g. bare rooms or detailed furniture.
Location Interoperability Services for Medical Emergency Operations during Disasters
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2005
Identification of physical and visual enclosure of landscape space units with the help of point clouds
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 22-05-2020
Topological models and frameworks for 3D spatial objects
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2004
Evacuation Route Calculation of Inner Buildings
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2005
AN APPROACH TO DEVELOP 3D GEO-DBMS TOPOLOGICAL OPERATORS BY RE-USING EXISTING 2D OPERATORS
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 13-09-2013
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRSANNALS-II-2-W1-291-2013
Abstract: Abstract. Database systems are continuously extending their capabilities to store, process and analyse 3D data. Topological relationships which describe the interaction of objects in space is one of the important spatial issues. However, spatial operators for 3D objects are still insufficient. In this paper we present the development of a new 3D topological function to distinguish intersections of 3D planar polygons. The development uses existing 2D functions in the DBMS and two geometric transformations (rotation and projection). This function is tested for a real dataset to detect overlapping 3D city objects. The paper presents the algorithms and analyses the challenges. Suggestions for improvements of the current algorithm as well as possible extensions to handle more 3D topological cases are discussed at the end.
UML ‐Based Approach to Developing a CityGML Application Domain Extension
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-05-2013
DOI: 10.1111/TGIS.12026
LADM AND INDOORGML FOR SUPPORT OF INDOOR SPACE IDENTIFICATION
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 05-10-2016
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ANNALS-IV-2-W1-257-2016
Abstract: Abstract. Guidance and security in large public buildings such as airports, museums and shopping malls requires much more information that traditional 2D methods offer. Therefore 3D semantically-reach models have been actively investigated with the aim to gather knowledge about availability and accessibility of spaces. Spaces can be unavailable to specific users because of plenty of reasons: the 3D geometry of spaces (too low, too narrow), the properties of the objects to be guided to a specific part of the building (walking, driving, flying), the status of the indoor environment (e.g. crowded, limited light, under reconstruction), property regulations (private areas), security considerations and so on. However, such information is not explicitly avaible in the existing 3D semantically-reach models. IFC and CityGML are restricted to architectural building components and provide little to no means to describe such properties. IndoorGML has been designed to establish a generic approach for space identification allowing a space sub ision and automatic creation of a network for route computation. But currently it also represents only spaces as they are defined by the architectural layout of the building. The Land Administration Domain Model is currently the only available model to specify spaces on the basis of ownership and rights for use. In this paper we compare the principles of IndoorGML and LADM, investigate the approaches to define spaces and suggest options to the linking of the two types of spaces. We argue that LADM space sub ision on basis of properties and rights of use can be used to define to semantically and geometrically available and accessible spaces and therefore can enrich the IndoorGML concept.
INTEGRATION OF 3D OBJECTS AND TERRAIN FOR 3D MODELLING SUPPORTING THE DIGITAL TWIN
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 23-09-2019
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ANNALS-IV-4-W8-147-2019
Abstract: Abstract. 3D modelling of precincts and cities has significantly advanced in the last decades, as we move towards the concept of the Digital Twin. Many 3D city models have been created but a large portion of them neglect representing terrain and buildings accurately. Very often the surface is either considered planar or is not represented. On the other hand, many Digital Terrain Models (DTM) have been created as 2.5D triangular irregular networks (TIN) or grids for different applications such as water management, sign of view or shadow computation, tourism, land planning, telecommunication, military operations and communications. 3D city models need to represent both the 3D objects and terrain in one consistent model, but still many challenges remain. A critical issue when integrating 3D objects and terrain is the identification of the valid intersection between 2.5D terrain and 3D objects. Commonly, 3D objects may partially float over or sink into the terrain the depth of the underground parts might not be known or the accuracy of data sets might be different. This paper discusses some of these issues and presents an approach for a consistent 3D reconstruction of LOD1 models on the basis of 3D point clouds, DTM, and 2D footprints of buildings. Such models are largely used for urban planning, city analytics or environmental analysis. The proposed method can be easily extended for higher LODs or BIM models.
Building Information Modeling in Steel Building Projects Following BIM-DFE Methodology: A Case Study
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 23-08-2023
DOI: 10.3390/BUILDINGS13092137
Abstract: Construction is a key industry that significantly contributes to the global gross domestic product and generates substantial revenues. However, it faces challenges such as errors and high costs. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the methodology of applying building information modeling integration for the design, fabrication, and erection of steel buildings, called BIM-DFE, in a real-world scenario. This is the first study in which this methodology is applied in an actual case. Two steel building projects with similar design typologies were selected. The first project was executed using computer-aided design and traditional BIM techniques during the planning, design, and fabrication phases. The BIM-DFE methodology was applied to the same phases in the second project. The results of the two projects were compared quantitatively. The experiments suggest that the application of the BIM-DFE methodology reduced the development time in the planning phase, incorporated manufacturing constraints in the design phase, and significantly reduced assembly times in the fabrication phase. This study confirmed the feasibility of applying BIM-DFE methodology in an actual case scenario, which is the result of collaboration between the scientific community and the industry in steel building projects.
PREFACE
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 05-09-2016
Specifying and Implementing Constraints in GIS—with Examples from a Geo-Virtual Reality System
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2006
An indoor service area determination approach for pedestrian navigation path planning
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 16-12-2022
3D geo-database research: Retrospective and future directions
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2011
DISASTER MANAGEMENT: AN INTEGRAL PART OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SYSTEM AND LAND ADMINISTRATION-MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 07-06-2016
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ANNALS-III-8-13-2016
Abstract: Abstract. Disaster management is a multidisciplinary field, which requires a general coordination approach as well as specialist approaches. Science and Technology system of a country allows to create policies and execution of technical inputs required which provide services for the specific types of disasters management. Land administration and management agencies, as the administrative and management bodies, focus more on the coordination of designated tasks to various agencies responsible for their dedicated roles. They get help from Scientific and technical inputs & policies which require to be implemented in a professional manner. The paper provides an ex le of such integration from India where these two systems complement each other with their dedicated services. Delhi, the Capital of India, has such a disaster management system which has lot of technical departments of government which are mandated to provide their services as Emergency Service Functionaries. Thus, it is shown that disaster management is a job which is an integral part of Science & Technology system of a country while being implemented primarily with the help of land administration and management agencies. It is required that new policies or mandates for the Science and technology organizations of government should give a primary space to disaster management
Solutions for 4D cadastre – with a case study on utility networks
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 07-2011
POSITION, LOCATION, PLACE AND AREA: AN INDOOR PERSPECTIVE
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 03-06-2016
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ANNALS-III-4-89-2016
Abstract: Abstract. Over the last decade, harnessing the commercial potential of smart mobile devices in indoor environments has spurred interest in indoor mapping and navigation. Users experience indoor environments differently. For this reason navigational models have to be designed to adapt to a user’s personality, and to reflect as many cognitive maps as possible. This paper presents an extension of a previously proposed framework. In this extension the notion of placement is accounted for, thereby enabling one aspect of the ‘personalised indoor experience’. In the paper, firstly referential expressions are used as a tool to discuss the different ways of thinking of placement within indoor spaces. Next, placement is expressed in terms of the concept of Position, Location, Place and Area. Finally, the previously proposed framework is extended to include these concepts of placement. An ex le is provided of the use of the extended framework. Notable characteristics of the framework are: (1) Sub-spaces, resources and agents can simultaneously possess different types of placement, e.g., a person in a room can have an xyz position and a location defined by the room number. While these entities can simultaneously have different forms of placement, only one is dominant. (2) Sub-spaces, resources and agents are capable of possessing modifiers that alter their access and usage. (3) Sub-spaces inherit the modifiers of the resources or agents contained in them. (4) Unlike conventional navigational models which treat resources and obstacles as different types of entities, in the proposed framework there are only resources and whether a resource is an obstacle is determined by a modifier that determines whether a user can access the resource. The power of the framework is that it blends the geometry and topology of space, the influence of human activity within sub-spaces together with the different notions of placement in a way that is simple and yet very flexible.
A generic space definition framework to support seamless indoor/outdoor navigation systems
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-08-2019
DOI: 10.1111/TGIS.12574
Indoor Multi-Dimensional Location GML and Its Application for Ubiquitous Indoor Location Services
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 29-11-2016
DOI: 10.3390/IJGI5120220
REAL TIME LOCALIZATION OF ASSETS IN HOSPITALS USING QUUPPA INDOOR POSITIONING TECHNOLOGY
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 05-09-2016
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ANNALS-IV-4-W1-105-2016
Abstract: Abstract. At the most fundamental level, smart buildings deliver useful building services that make occupants productive. Smart asset management in hostipals starts with knowing the whereabouts of medical equipment. This paper investigates the subject of indoor localization of medical equipment in hospitals by defining functional spaces. In order to localize the assets indoors, a localization method is developed that takes into account several factors such as geometrical influences, characteristics of the Quuppa positioning system and obstructions in the indoor environment. For matching the position data to a real world location, several location types are developed by sub iding the floor plan into location clusters. The research has shown that a high-performance level can be achieved for locations that are within the high-resolution range of the receiver. The performance at the smallest subspaces can only be achieved when having a dense distribution of receivers. Test cases that were defined for specific situations in the test-area show successful localization in these subspaces for the majority of the test data.
ABOUT the SUBDIVISION of INDOOR SPACES in INDOORGML
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 23-10-2017
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ANNALS-IV-4-W5-41-2017
Abstract: Abstract. Boosted by the dynamic urbanization of cities, indoor environments are getting more and more complex in order to be able to host people properly. While most of our time is spent inside buildings, the need of GIS tools to assist our daily activities that can become tedious, such as indoor navigation or facility management, became more and more urgent. In that perspective, the IndoorGML standard is aiming to address the gaps left by other standards regarding the spatial modelling for indoor navigation. It includes several concepts such as the organization of the spaces into cells along with their network representation and the possibility to represent multiple connected layers. However, being at its first stage, several concepts of the standard could be improved. One of these is the cell subspacing that is not enough discussed in the current version of the standard. In this paper, we explore all the aspects involved in the sub ision process, from the identification of the navigable and non-navigable space cells to the generation of a navigation graph. We propose several criteria on which the indoor sub-spacing can rely to be automatically performed and and illustrate them on a 3D indoor model.
PREFACE
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 20-09-2018
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ANNALS-IV-4-W7-1-2018
Abstract: Abstract. Simply defined, a Smart City is a city overlaid by a digital layer, which is used for the governance of the city. A Smart City uses intelligent technology to enhance our quality of life in urban environments, bringing together people and data from disparate sources such as sensors, demographics, topographic and 3D mapping, Building Information Models and many more. Increasingly, Smart Cities use this data in a variety of ways, to address key challenges related to transportation, communications, air quality, noise, well-being of the citizens, decision making relating to education and health and urban planning, as well as in relation to initiatives such as startups and fostering economic growth and employment within the city. As more data becomes available, the challenges of storing, managing and integrating such data are also multiplied. This increasing interest in Smart Cities world-wide, along with a growing understanding of the importance of integrating “Smart” data with other data and wider applications for the benefit of citizens, made the choice of hosting the third Smart Data, Smart Cities conference in Delft – in conjunction with three other conferences – a very natural one. Together the four conferences were held during the week of 1st–5th October 2018, and alongside SDSC participants were invited to attend the ISPRS Technical Commission IV Symposium, the 13th 3D GeoInfo Conference and the 6th International FIG Workshop on 3D Cadastres. Participant interaction – and the ability to attend sessions across the four events – was particularly encouraged. SDSC 2018 itself was organised by the Urban Data Management Society (UDMS www.udms.net), ISPRS and TU Delft (the Delft University of Technology), and Professor Volker Coors Chaired the SDSC committee. As in previous years, three key conference themes were proposed to represent the Smart Cities: Smart Data (sensor network databases, on-the-fly data mining, geographic and urban knowledge modeling and engineering, green computing, urban data analytics and big data, big databases and data management), Smart People (volunteered information, systems for public participation) and Smart Cities (systems of territorial intelligence, systems for city intelligence management,3D modeling of cities, internet of things, social networks, monitoring systems, mobility and transportation, smart-city-wide telecommunications infrastructure, urban knowledge engineering, urban dashboard design and implementation, new style of urban decision-making systems, geovisualization devoted to urban problems, disaster management systems). This volume consists of 18 papers, which were selected from 34 submissions on the basis of double blind review, with each paper being reviewed by a minimum of three reviewers. These papers present novel research concerning the use of spatial information and communication technologies in Smart Cities, addressing different aspects of Smart Data and Smart Citizens. The selected papers tackle different aspects of Smart Cities: 3D Citizen Engagement transport, sustainable mobility dashboards and web GIS citizen engagement and participation sensors urban decision making. The editors are grateful to the members of the Scientific Committee for their time and valuable comments, which contributed to the high quality of the papers. Reviews were contributed by: Giorgio Agugiaro, Maria Antoniabrovelli, Ken Arroyoohori, Martina Baucic, Michela Bertolotto, Pawel Boguslawski, Azedine Boulmakoul, Caesar Cardenas, Ofelia Cervantes, Volker Coors, Isabel Cruz, Vincenzo Delfatto, Claire Ellul, Tarun Ghawana, Gesquiere Gilles, Gerhard Groeger, Eberhard Gulch, Jan-Henrik Haunert, Stephen Hirtle, Umit Isikdag, Martin Kada, Snjezana Knezic, Robert Laurini, Liu Liu, Ed Manley, Viviana Mascardi, Marco Minghini, Raul Monroy, Regina Motz, Beniamino Murgante, Marco Painho, Dev Paudyal, Alenka Poplin, Ivana Racetin, Ismail Rakip Karas, Preston Rodrigues, David Sol, Wei Tu, Wei Tu, Genoveva Vargas, Kavita Vemuri, Edward Verbree, Mingshu Wang, Maribel Yasminasantos, Sisi Zlatanova. We are also grateful to the work of the local organising committee at TU Delft, without whom this conference would not have been possible. ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Volume IV-4/W7, 2018 3rd International Conference on Smart Data and Smart Cities, 4–5 October 2018, Delft, The Netherlands
PREFACE
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 25-09-2017
A Dual-Encoder-Condensed Convolution Method for High-Precision Indoor Positioning
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 22-09-2022
DOI: 10.3390/RS14194746
Abstract: We study the problem of indoor positioning, which is a fundamental service in managing and analyzing objects in indoor environments. Unpredictable signal interference sources increase the degeneration of the accuracy and robustness of existing solutions. Deep learning approaches have recently been widely studied to overcome these challenges and attain better performance. In this paper, we aim to develop efficient algorithms, such as the dual-encoder-condensed convolution (DECC) method, which can achieve high-precision positioning for indoor services. In particular, firstly, we develop a convolutional module to add the original channel state information to the location information. Secondly, to explore channel differences between different antennas, we adopt a dual-encoder stacking mechanism for parallel calculation. Thirdly, we develop two different convolution kernels to speed up convergence. Performance studies on the indoor scenario and the urban canyon scenario datasets demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of our new approach.
A unified 3D space-based navigation model for seamless navigation in indoor and outdoor
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 16-04-2021
Finding outdoor boundaries for 3D space‐based navigation
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-02-2020
DOI: 10.1111/TGIS.12613
Challenges of Semantic 3D City Models
Publisher: IGI Global
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-1677-4.CH016
Abstract: This technical paper is a contribution to the identification of current challenges of semantic 3D city models. They are presented in four parts, namely 3D enriched city models and their connection with urban information models and smartcities, urban models integration, urban analyses and data. This work is an output of the COST Action TU0801 “Semantic Enrichment of 3D city models for sustainable urban development”.
A Methodology for an Automated Three-Dimensional Heathland Assessment Workflow in Support of Bushfire Behaviour Modelling
Publisher: MDPI
Date: 17-03-2022
Accurate light field depth estimation under occlusion
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2023
An indoor navigation model and its network extraction
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-06-2019
Applications of 3D City Models: State of the Art Review
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 18-12-2015
DOI: 10.3390/IJGI4042842
FROM POINT CLOUDS TO 3D ISOVISTS IN INDOOR ENVIRONMENTS
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 19-09-2018
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ARCHIVES-XLII-4-149-2018
Abstract: Abstract. Visibility is a common measure to describe the spatial properties of an environment related to the spatial behaviour. Isovists represent the space that can be seen from one observation point, and they are used to analyse the existence of obstacles affecting or blocking intervisibility in an area. Although point clouds depict the as-built reality in a very detailed and accurate way, literature addressing the analysis of visibility in 3D, and more specifically the usage of point clouds to visibility analysis, is rather limited. In this paper, a methodology to evaluate visibility from point clouds in indoor environments is proposed, resulting in the creation of 3D isovists. Point cloud is firstly discretized in a voxel-based structure and voxels are labelled into ‘exterior’, ‘occupied’, ‘visible’ and ‘occluded’ based on an occupancy followed by a visibility analysis performed from a ray-tracing algorithm. 3D Isovists are created from the boundary of visible voxels from an observer position and considering as input parameters the visual angle, maximum line of sight, and eye gaze direction.
Emergency Mapping
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Date: 2013
Voxelisation Algorithms and Data Structures: A Review
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 09-12-2021
DOI: 10.3390/S21248241
Abstract: Voxel-based data structures, algorithms, frameworks, and interfaces have been used in computer graphics and many other applications for decades. There is a general necessity to seek adequate digital representations, such as voxels, that would secure unified data structures, multi-resolution options, robust validation procedures and flexible algorithms for different 3D tasks. In this review, we evaluate the most common properties and algorithms for voxelisation of 2D and 3D objects. Thus, many voxelisation algorithms and their characteristics are presented targeting points, lines, triangles, surfaces and solids as geometric primitives. For lines, we identify three groups of algorithms, where the first two achieve different voxelisation connectivity, while the third one presents voxelisation of curves. We can say that surface voxelisation is a more desired voxelisation type compared to solid voxelisation, as it can be achieved faster and requires less memory if voxels are stored in a sparse way. At the same time, we evaluate in the paper the available voxel data structures. We split all data structures into static and dynamic grids considering the frequency to update a data structure. Static grids are dominated by SVO-based data structures focusing on memory footprint reduction and attributes preservation, where SVDAG and SSVDAG are the most advanced methods. The state-of-the-art dynamic voxel data structure is NanoVDB which is superior to the rest in terms of speed as well as support for out-of-core processing and data management, which is the key to handling large dynamically changing scenes. Overall, we can say that this is the first review evaluating the available voxelisation algorithms for different geometric primitives as well as voxel data structures.
AUTOMATIC GENERATION OF INDOOR NAVIGABLE SPACE USING A POINT CLOUD AND ITS SCANNER TRAJECTORY
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 14-09-2017
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ANNALS-IV-2-W4-393-2017
Abstract: Abstract. Automatic generation of indoor navigable models is mostly based on 2D floor plans. However, in many cases the floor plans are out of date. Buildings are not always built according to their blue prints, interiors might change after a few years because of modified walls and doors, and furniture may be repositioned to the user’s preferences. Therefore, new approaches for the quick recording of indoor environments should be investigated. This paper concentrates on laser scanning with a Mobile Laser Scanner (MLS) device. The MLS device stores a point cloud and its trajectory. If the MLS device is operated by a human, the trajectory contains information which can be used to distinguish different surfaces. In this paper a method is presented for the identification of walkable surfaces based on the analysis of the point cloud and the trajectory of the MLS scanner. This method consists of several steps. First, the point cloud is voxelized. Second, the trajectory is analysing and projecting to acquire seed voxels. Third, these seed voxels are generated into floor regions by the use of a region growing process. By identifying dynamic objects, doors and furniture, these floor regions can be modified so that each region represents a specific navigable space inside a building as a free navigable voxel space. By combining the point cloud and its corresponding trajectory, the walkable space can be identified for any type of building even if the interior is scanned during business hours.
INDOOR MODELLING FROM SLAM-BASED LASER SCANNER: DOOR DETECTION TO ENVELOPE RECONSTRUCTION
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 12-09-2017
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ARCHIVES-XLII-2-W7-345-2017
Abstract: Abstract. Updated and detailed indoor models are being increasingly demanded for various applications such as emergency management or navigational assistance. The consolidation of new portable and mobile acquisition systems has led to a higher availability of 3D point cloud data from indoors. In this work, we explore the combined use of point clouds and trajectories from SLAM-based laser scanner to automate the reconstruction of building indoors. The methodology starts by door detection, since doors represent transitions from one indoor space to other, which constitutes an initial approach about the global configuration of the point cloud into building rooms. For this purpose, the trajectory is used to create a vertical point cloud profile in which doors are detected as local minimum of vertical distances. As point cloud and trajectory are related by time st , this feature is used to sub ide the point cloud into subspaces according to the location of the doors. The correspondence between subspaces and building rooms is not unambiguous. One subspace always corresponds to one room, but one room is not necessarily depicted by just one subspace, for ex le, in case of a room containing several doors and in which the acquisition is performed in a discontinue way. The labelling problem is formulated as combinatorial approach solved as a minimum energy optimization. Once the point cloud is sub ided into building rooms, envelop (conformed by walls, ceilings and floors) is reconstructed for each space. The connectivity between spaces is included by adding the previously detected doors to the reconstructed model. The methodology is tested in a real case study.
Survey on Indoor Map Standards and Formats
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2019
THREE-DIMENSIONAL MAPS FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 20-07-2012
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRSANNALS-I-4-245-2012
Abstract: Abstract. Geo-information techniques have proven their usefulness for the purposes of early warning and emergency response. These techniques enable us to generate extensive geo-information to make informed decisions in response to natural disasters that lead to better protection of citizens, reduce damage to property, improve the monitoring of these disasters, and facilitate estimates of the damages and losses resulting from them. The maintenance and accessibility of spatial information has improved enormously with the development of spatial data infrastructures (SDIs), especially with second-generation SDIs, in which the original product-based SDI was improved to a process-based SDI. Through the use of SDIs, geo-information is made available to local, national and international organisations in regions affected by natural disasters as well as to volunteers serving in these areas. Volunteer-based systems for information collection (e.g., Ushahidi) have been created worldwide. However, the use of 3D maps is still limited. This paper discusses the applicability of 3D geo-information to disaster management. We discuss some important aspects of maps for disaster management, such as user-centred maps, the necessary components for 3D maps, symbols, and colour schemas. In addition, digital representations are evaluated with respect to their visual controls, i.e., their usefulness for the navigation and exploration of the information. Our recommendations are based on responses from a variety of users of these technologies, including children, geospecialists and disaster managers from different countries.
Supporting Indoor Navigation Using Access Rights to Spaces Based on Combined Use of IndoorGML and LADM Models
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 24-11-2017
DOI: 10.3390/IJGI6120384
A 3D Model Based Imdoor Navigation System for Hubei Provincial Museum
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 26-11-2013
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRSARCHIVES-XL-4-W4-51-2013
Abstract: Abstract. 3D models are more powerful than 2D maps for indoor navigation in a complicate space like Hubei Provincial Museum because they can provide accurate descriptions of locations of indoor objects (e.g., doors, windows, tables) and context information of these objects. In addition, the 3D model is the preferred navigation environment by the user according to the survey. Therefore a 3D model based indoor navigation system is developed for Hubei Provincial Museum to guide the visitors of museum. The system consists of three layers: application, web service and navigation, which is built to support localization, navigation and visualization functions of the system. There are three main strengths of this system: it stores all data needed in one database and processes most calculations on the webserver which make the mobile client very lightweight, the network used for navigation is extracted semi-automatically and renewable, the graphic user interface (GUI), which is based on a game engine, has high performance of visualizing 3D model on a mobile display.
Utilization of BIM in Steel Building Projects: A Systematic Literature Review
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 25-05-2022
DOI: 10.3390/BUILDINGS12060713
Abstract: This research aims to bridge the information gap pertaining to the utilization of building information modeling (BIM) in steel building projects. Therefore, a systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted to synthesize the available uses. This research involved three phases—planning, execution, and reporting—according to the PRISMA guide, which includes the main aspects of identification, screening, and eligibility. As a result of the SLR, it is evident how and where BIM facilitates steel building projects, which were grouped into three different categories according to their main BIM topics. One of the uses that stands out as a common denominator across the different processes is “early integration”. Early integration allows for optimization of the design based on existing resources, directly affecting the cost and time of steel building projects in a positive manner.
Effective Geo-Social Group Detection in Location-Based Social Networks
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2019
Integration of Traffic Information into the Path Planning among Moving Obstacles
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 16-03-2017
DOI: 10.3390/IJGI6030086
Spaces in Spatial Science and Urban Applications—State of the Art Review
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 20-01-2020
DOI: 10.3390/IJGI9010058
Abstract: In spatial science and urban applications, “space" is presented by multiple disciplines as a notion referencing our living environment. Space is used as a general term to help understand particular characteristics of the environment. However, the definition and perception of space varies and these variations have to be harmonised. For ex le, space may have erse definitions and classification, the same environment may be abstracted/modelled by contradicting notions of space, which can lead to inconsistencies and misunderstandings. In this paper, we seek to investigate and document the state-of-the-art in the research of “space” regarding its definition, classification, modelling and utilization (2D/3D) in spatial sciences and urban applications. We focus on positioning, navigation, building micro-climate and thermal comfort, landscape, urban planning and design, urban heat island, interior design and planning, transportation and intelligent space. We review 147 research papers, technical reports and on-line resources. We compare the presented space concepts with respect to five criteria—classification, boundary, modelling components, use of standards and granularity. The review inventory is intended for both scientists and professionals in the spatial industry, such as companies, national mapping agencies and governments, and aim to provide a reference to better understand and employ the “space” while working across disciplines.
Multi-user tangible interfaces for effective decision-making in disaster management
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2008
Detection of doors in a voxel model, derived from a point cloud and its scanner trajectory, to improve the segmentation of the walkable space
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 18-12-2018
Generating Navigation Models from Existing Building Data
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 26-11-2013
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRSARCHIVES-XL-4-W4-19-2013
Abstract: Abstract. Research on indoor navigation models mainly focuses on geometric and logical models .The models are enriched with specific semantic information which supports localisation, navigation and guidance. Geometric models provide information about the structural (physical) distribution of spaces in a building, while logical models indicate relationships (connectivity and adjacency) between the spaces. In many cases geometric models contain virtual sub isions to identify smaller spaces which are of interest for navigation (e.g. reception area) or make use of different semantics. The geometric models are used as basis to automatically derive logical models. However, there is seldom reported research on how to automatically realize such geometric models from existing building data (as floor plans) or indoor standards (CityGML LOD4 or IFC). In this paper, we present our experiments on automatic creation of logical models from floor plans and CityGML LOD4. For the creation we adopt the Indoor Spatial Navigation Model (INSM) which is specifically designed to support indoor navigation. The semantic concepts in INSM differ from daily used notations of indoor spaces such as rooms and corridors but they facilitate automatic creation of logical models.
COMPARISON OF ZEB1 AND LEICA C10 INDOOR LASER SCANNING POINT CLOUDS
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 02-06-2016
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ANNALS-III-1-143-2016
Abstract: Abstract. We present a comparison of point cloud generation and quality of data acquired by Zebedee (Zeb1) and Leica C10 devices which are used in the same building interior. Both sensor devices come with different practical and technical advantages. As it could be expected, these advantages come with some drawbacks. Therefore, depending on the requirements of the project, it is important to have a vision about what to expect from different sensors. In this paper, we provide a detailed analysis of the point clouds of the same room interior acquired from Zeb1 and Leica C10 sensors. First, it is visually assessed how different features appear in both the Zeb1 and Leica C10 point clouds. Next, a quantitative analysis is given by comparing local point density, local noise level and stability of local normals. Finally, a simple 3D room plan is extracted from both the Zeb1 and the Leica C10 point clouds and the lengths of constructed line segments connecting corners of the room are compared. The results show that Zeb1 is far superior in ease of data acquisition. No heavy handling, hardly no measurement planning and no point cloud registration is required from the operator. The resulting point cloud has a quality in the order of centimeters, which is fine for generating a 3D interior model of a building. Our results also clearly show that fine details of for ex le ornaments are invisible in the Zeb1 data. If point clouds with a quality in the order of millimeters are required, still a high-end laser scanner like the Leica C10 is required, in combination with a more sophisticated, time-consuming and elaborative data acquisition and processing approach.
Automatically enhancing CityGML LOD2 models with a corresponding indoor geometry
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 05-08-2015
EXTENDING INDOOR OPEN STREET MAPPING ENVIRONMENTS TO NAVIGABLE 3D CITYGML BUILDING MODELS: EMERGENCY RESPONSE ASSESSMENT
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 19-09-2018
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ARCHIVES-XLII-4-161-2018
Abstract: Abstract. Disaster scenarios in high-rise buildings such as the Address Downtown, Dubai or Grenfell Tower, London have showed ones again the importance of data information availability for emergency management in buildings. 3D visualization of indoor routing services using extensive and high quality geographic data sources is essential for spatial analysis in emergency responses. In order to facilitate emergency response simulations, a combination of geometrical, graphical and semantic information is essential. Successful and efficient emergency evacuation responses is facilitated by the availability of both digital static and dynamic information of the incident site. However, interruptions may be encountered with the availability of dynamic data, where static data developed using indoor navigation ontologies serve as an alternative to inform the first responders. Thus, it is necessary to obtain a firm, interactive and quasi-realistic virtual simulation of the building environments. Voxelized CityGML models imported into voxel based hazard simulation systems fits well into the simulation algorithm requirements (Groger et al., 2008 Moreno et.al, 2010). Therefore, the research investigates an alternative platform for generating CityGML spatial analysis models. LoD4 models are developed using Computer Aided Design (Auto CAD) 2D files, crowdsourced geo-data (OpenStreetMap) and open source tools. A combination of software packages is utilized for 3D reconstruction of building interiors. This process is achieved through a Java application developed by researchers at Heidelberg University. Conclusions drawn from the research validate the 3D CityGML model generation process as an international standard to effectively enhance the outcome of emergency evacuation simulations of high rise buildings.
Preface
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 19-08-2015
Indoor Traveling Salesman Problem (ITSP) Path Planning
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 16-09-2021
DOI: 10.3390/IJGI10090616
Abstract: With the growing complexity of indoor living environments, people have an increasing demand for indoor navigation. Currently, navigation path options in indoor are monotonous as existing navigation systems commonly offer single-source shortest-distance or fastest paths. Such path options might be not always attractive. For instance, pedestrians in a shopping mall may be interested in a path that navigates through multiple places starting from and ending at the same location. Here, we name it as the indoor traveling salesman problem (ITSP) path. As its name implies, this path type is similar to the classical outdoor traveling salesman problem (TSP), namely, the shortest path that visits a number of places exactly once and returns to the original departure place. This paper presents a general solution to the ITSP path based on Dijkstra and branch and bound (B& B) algorithm. We demonstrate and validate the method by applying it to path planning in a large shopping mall with six floors, in which the QR (Quick Response) codes are assumed to be utilized as the indoor positioning approach. The results show that the presented solution can successfully compute the ITSP paths and their potentials to apply to other indoor navigation applications at museums or hospitals.
Exploring ontologies for semantic interoperability of data in emergency response
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-05-2011
Geospatial Data Utilisation in National Disaster Management Frameworks and the Priorities of Multilateral Disaster Management Frameworks: Case Studies of India and Bulgaria
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 15-09-2021
DOI: 10.3390/IJGI10090610
Abstract: Facing the increased frequency of disasters and resulting in massive damages, many countries have developed their frameworks for Disaster Risk Management (DRM). However, these frameworks may differ concerning legal, policy, planning and organisational arrangements. We argue that geospatial data is a crucial binding element in each national framework for different stages of the disaster management cycle. The multilateral DRM frameworks, like the Sendai Framework 2015–2030 and the United Nations Committee of Experts on Global Geospatial Information Management (UNGGIM) Strategic Framework on Geospatial Information and Services for Disasters, provide the strategic direction, but they are too generic to compare geospatial data in national DRM frameworks. This study investigates the two frameworks and suggests criteria for evaluating the utilisation of geospatial data for DRM. The derived criteria are validated for the comparative analysis of India and Bulgaria’s National Disaster Management Frameworks. The validation proves that the criteria can be used for a general comparison across national DRM.
Voxelization algorithms for geospatial applications
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2016
New point matching algorithm for panoramic reflectance images
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 15-11-2007
DOI: 10.1117/12.751570
Automatic geo-referencing of BIM in GIS environments using building footprints
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2020
Improved and More Complete Conceptual Model for the Revision of IndoorGML (Short Paper)
Publisher: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum fuer Informatik GmbH, Wadern/Saarbruecken, Germany
Date: 2018
Exploiting High Geopositioning Accuracy of SAR Data to Obtain Accurate Geometric Orientation of Optical Satellite Images
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 06-09-2021
DOI: 10.3390/RS13173535
Abstract: Accurate geopositioning of optical satellite imagery is a fundamental step for many photogrammetric applications. Considering the imaging principle and data processing manner, SAR satellites can achieve high geopositioning accuracy. Therefore, SAR data can be a reliable source for providing control information in the orientation of optical satellite images. This paper proposes a practical solution for an accurate orientation of optical satellite images using SAR reference images to take advantage of the merits of SAR data. Firstly, we propose an accurate and robust multimodal image matching method to match the SAR and optical satellite images. This approach includes the development of a new structural-based multimodal applicable feature descriptor that employs angle-weighted oriented gradients (AWOGs) and the utilization of a three-dimensional phase correlation similarity measure. Secondly, we put forward a general optical satellite imagery orientation framework based on multiple SAR reference images, which uses the matches of the SAR and optical satellite images as virtual control points. A large number of experiments not only demonstrate the superiority of the proposed matching method compared to the state-of-the-art methods but also prove the effectiveness of the proposed orientation framework. In particular, the matching performance is improved by about 17% compared with the latest multimodal image matching method, namely, CFOG, and the geopositioning accuracy of optical satellite images is improved, from more than 200 to around 8 m.
SWEEPING RASTER CROSS SECTIONS ALONG TRAJECTORIES IN THREE-DIMENSIONAL VOXEL MODELS
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 05-10-2016
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ANNALS-IV-2-W1-271-2016
Abstract: Abstract. The paper presents a new algorithm to reconstruct elongated objects defined by cross sections and trajectories in gridded threedimensional models represented as voxels. Ex les of such objects are the elements of underground infrastructure in urban environments, such as pipes, conduits and tunnels. Starting from a basic methodology, which is based on distance transformations, the algorithm is extended in three ways on the basis of Voronoi datasets being produced alongside.
Indoor Pedestrian Navigation Using Foot-Mounted IMU and Portable Ultrasound Range Sensors
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 02-08-2011
DOI: 10.3390/S110807606
Abstract: Many solutions have been proposed for indoor pedestrian navigation. Some rely on pre-installed sensor networks, which offer good accuracy but are limited to areas that have been prepared for that purpose, thus requiring an expensive and possibly time-consuming process. Such methods are therefore inappropriate for navigation in emergency situations since the power supply may be disturbed. Other types of solutions track the user without requiring a prepared environment. However, they may have low accuracy. Offline tracking has been proposed to increase accuracy, however this prevents users from knowing their position in real time. This paper describes a real time indoor navigation system that does not require prepared building environments and provides tracking accuracy superior to previously described tracking methods. The system uses a combination of four techniques: foot-mounted IMU (Inertial Motion Unit), ultrasonic ranging, particle filtering and model-based navigation. The very purpose of the project is to combine these four well-known techniques in a novel way to provide better indoor tracking results for pedestrians.
STRATEGIES TO EVALUATE THE VISIBILITY ALONG AN INDOOR PATH IN A POINT CLOUD REPRESENTATION
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 13-09-2017
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ANNALS-IV-2-W4-311-2017
Abstract: Abstract. Many research works have been oriented to the formulation of different algorithms for estimating the paths in indoor environments from three-dimensional representations of space. The architectural configuration, the actions that take place within it, and the location of some objects in the space influence the paths along which is it possible to move, as they may cause visibility problems. To overcome the visibility issue, different methods have been proposed which allow to identify the visible areas and from a certain point of view, but often they do not take into account the user’s visual perception of the environment and not allow estimating how much may be complicated to follow a certain path. In the field of space syntax and cognitive science, it has been attempted to describe the characteristics of a building or an urban environment by the isovists and visibility graphs methods some numerical properties of these representations allow to describe the space as for how it is perceived by a user. However, most of these studies are directed to analyze the environment in a two-dimensional space. In this paper we propose a method to evaluate in a quantitative way the complexity of a certain path within an environment represented by a three-dimensional point cloud, by the combination of some of the previously mentioned techniques, considering the space visible from a certain point of view, depending on the moving agent (pedestrian , people in wheelchairs, UAV, UGV, robot).
MODELLING BELOW- AND ABOVE-GROUND UTILITY NETWORK FEATURES WITH THE CITYGML UTILITY NETWORK ADE: EXPERIENCES FROM ROTTERDAM
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 20-09-2018
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ANNALS-IV-4-W7-43-2018
Abstract: Abstract. Precise and comprehensive knowledge about 3D urban space is required for simulation and analysis in the fields of urban and environmental planning, city administration and disaster management. In order to facilitate these applications, geo-information about functional, semantic, and topographic aspects of urban features, their mutual dependencies and relations is needed. Substantial work has been done in the modelling and representation of above-ground features in the context of 3D city modelling. However, the belowground part of the real world, of which utility networks form a big part, is often neglected. Existing data models for utility networks are generally very domain-specific and, therefore, not suitable either. This paper describes a 3D data modelling approach for integrated management of below-ground utility networks and related above-ground city objects. This approach consists of manipulating first the structure of existing utility data in the commonly used Feature Manipulation Engine ETL software in order to make the data compliant to the CityGML Utility Network ADE data model. Subsequently, workspaces are created that take care of storing the CityGML data into the free and open-source 3D City Database, which has been extended in order to manage utility network data, too. Moreover, the research shows the suitability of the extended 3DCityDB to perform graph-based topological operations by means of the PostgreSQL pgRouting extension. Lastly, the results are visualized in typical GIS applications, e.g. QGIS and ArcGIS.
On 3D topological relationships
Publisher: IEEE Comput. Soc
Date: 2000
Spatial subdivision of complex indoor environments for 3D indoor navigation
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 15-09-2018
LEVERAGING SPATIAL MODEL TO IMPROVE INDOOR TRACKING
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 11-05-2015
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRSARCHIVES-XL-4-W5-75-2015
Abstract: Abstract. In this paper, we leverage spatial model to process indoor localization results and then improve the track consisting of measured locations. We elaborate different parts of spatial model such as geometry, topology and semantics, and then present how they contribute to the processing of indoor tracks. The initial results of our experiment reveal that spatial model can support us to overcome problems such as tracks intersecting with obstacles and unstable shifts between two location measurements. In the future, we will investigate more exceptions of indoor tracking results and then develop additional spatial methods to reduce errors of indoor tracks.
Representing geographical uncertainties of utility location data in 3D
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2018
Nibu: A new approach to representing and analysing interior utility networks within 3D geo-information systems
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2012
Problems In Indoor Mapping and Modelling
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 26-11-2013
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRSARCHIVES-XL-4-W4-63-2013
Abstract: Abstract. Research in support of indoor mapping and modelling (IMM) has been active for over thirty years. This research has come in the form of As-Built surveys, Data structuring, Visualisation techniques, Navigation models and so forth. Much of this research is founded on advancements in photogrammetry, computer vision and image analysis, computer graphics, robotics, laser scanning and many others. While IMM used to be the privy of engineers, planners, consultants, contractors, and designers, this is no longer the case as commercial enterprises and in iduals are also beginning to apply indoor models in their business process and applications. There are three main reasons for this. Firstly, the last two decades have seen greater use of spatial information by enterprises and the public. Secondly, IMM has been complimented by advancements in mobile computing and internet communications, making it easier than ever to access and interact with spatial information. Thirdly, indoor modelling has been advanced geometrically and semantically, opening doors for developing user-oriented, context-aware applications. This reshaping of the public’s attitude and expectations with regards to spatial information has realised new applications and spurred demand for indoor models and the tools to use them. This paper examines the present state of IMM and considers the research areas that deserve attention in the future. In particular the paper considers problems in IMM that are relevant to commercial enterprises and the general public, groups this paper expects will emerge as the greatest users IMM. The subject of indoor modelling and mapping is discussed here in terms of Acquisitions and Sensors, Data Structures and Modelling, Visualisation, Applications, Legal Issues and Standards. Problems are discussed in terms of those that exist and those that are emerging. Existing problems are those that are currently being researched. Emerging problems are those problems or demands that are expected to arise because of social changes, technological advancements, or commercial interests. The motivation of this work is to define a set of research problems that are either being investigated or should be investigated. These will hopefully provide a framework for assessing progress and advances in indoor modelling. The framework will be developed in the form of a problem matrix, detailing existing and emerging problems, their solutions and present best practices. Once the framework is complete it will be published online so that the IMM community can discuss and modify it as necessary. When the framework has reached a steady state an empirical benchmark will be provided to test solutions to posed problems. A yearly evaluation of the problem matrix will follow, the results of which will be published.
An Investigation of Digital Technology Implementation in Off-Site Construction with a Focus on Efficiency Improvement
Publisher: MDPI
Date: 18-02-2022
Universal path planning for an indoor drone
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2018
NIBU: An integrated framework for representing the relation among building structure and interior utilities in micro-scale environment
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2011
Toward seamless indoor-outdoor applications: Developing stakeholder-oriented location-based services
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2011
INDOOR 3D MODELING AND FLEXIBLE SPACE SUBDIVISION FROM POINT CLOUDS
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 29-05-2019
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ANNALS-IV-2-W5-285-2019
Abstract: Abstract. Indoor navigation can be a tedious process in a complex and unknown environment. It gets more critical when the first responders try to intervene in a big building after a disaster has occurred. For such cases, an accurate map of the building is among the best supports possible. Unfortunately, such a map is not always available, or generally outdated and imprecise, leading to error prone decisions. Thanks to advances in the laser scanning, accurate 3D maps can be built in relatively small amount of time using all sort of laser scanners (stationary, mobile, drone), although the information they provide is generally an unstructured point cloud. While most of the existing approaches try to extensively process the point cloud in order to produce an accurate architectural model of the scanned building, similar to a Building Information Model (BIM), we have adopted a space-focused approach. This paper presents our framework that starts from point-clouds of complex indoor environments, performs advanced processes to identify the 3D structures critical to navigation and path planning, and provides fine-grained navigation networks that account for obstacles and spatial accessibility of the navigating agents. The method involves generating a volumetric-wall vector model from the point cloud, identifying the obstacles and extracting the navigable 3D spaces. Our work contributes a new approach for space sub ision without the need of using laser scanner positions or viewpoints. Unlike 2D cell decomposition or a binary space partitioning, this work introduces a space enclosure method to deal with 3D space extraction and non-Manhattan World architecture. The results show more than 90% of spaces are correctly extracted. The approach is tested on several real buildings and relies on the latest advances in indoor navigation.
PREFACE – ISPRS TECHNICAL COMMISSION IV MIDTERM SYMPOSIUM 2018
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 19-09-2018
An extraction approach of the top-bounded space formed by buildings for pedestrian navigation
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 19-09-2018
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ANNALS-IV-4-247-2018
Abstract: Abstract. The navigation of pedestrians can be regarded as their movements from one unoccupied space to another unoccupied and connected space. These movements generally occur in three types of environments: indoor, outdoor, and semi-bounded (top-bounded, and/or side-bounded) spaces. While the two former types of spaces are subject to most of the attention, the latter (semi-bounded) also presents a valuable impact on the navigation behaviour. For ex le, top-bounded environments (e.g. roofs, shelters, etc.) are very popular for pedestrian navigation since a top structure can offer protection from harsh weather, rain, or strong sun. However, such semibounded spaces are completely missing in current navigation models and systems. This is partly explained by the fact that modelling the space, which is by defining a three-dimensional boundless and extensible component (mainly out of the indoor environment), is a very challenging task. In this paper, we propose a structure-based approach for top-bounded space extraction in the built environment, relying on 3D models. Thanks to the rapid expansion and availability of 3D city models, our approach can help to account for such type of spaces in 3D pedestrian navigation systems.
A Systematic Review of Digital Technology Adoption in Off-Site Construction: Current Status and Future Direction towards Industry 4.0
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 13-11-2020
DOI: 10.3390/BUILDINGS10110204
Abstract: Off-site construction (OSC) is known as an efficient construction method that could save time and cost, reduce waste of resources, and improve the overall productivity of projects. Coupled with digital technologies associated with the Industry 4.0 concept, OSC can offer a higher rate of productivity and safety. While there is a rich literature focusing on both OSC and Industry 4.0, the implementation of associated digital technologies in the OSC context has not been fully evaluated. This paper intends to evaluate the current literature of digital technology applications in OSC. Scientometric analyses and a systematic review were carried out evaluating fifteen typical digital technologies adopted by OSC projects, including building information modelling (BIM), radio frequency identification devices (RFID), global positioning systems (GPS), the Internet of Things (IoT), geographic information systems (GIS), sensors, augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), photogrammetry, laser scanning, artificial intelligence (AI), 3D printing, robotics, big data, and blockchain. This review formulates a clear picture of the current practice of these digital technologies and summarizes the main area of application and limitations of each technology when utilized in OSC. The review also points out their potential and how they can be better adopted to improve OSC practice in the future.
Indoor 3D reconstruction from point clouds for optimal routing in complex buildings to support disaster management
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2020
Voxel-based visibility analysis for safety assessment of urban environments
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 23-09-2019
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ANNALS-IV-4-W8-11-2019
Abstract: Abstract. This paper presents the research and development of a volumetric 3D visibility analysis application to assess public space in regards to safety and security. While most of the academic literature on space visibility concentrates on developing viewsheds from a specific viewpoint, this work integrates dynamic scenarios and real-time calculation of space visibility. Voxel-based spatial representation is utilised as a base for the 3D visibility analysis. Different space configurations are tested illustrating the robustness and usefulness of the developed application. In order to measure and evaluate different safety zones, an innovative approach is tested according to which the number of times each voxel is observed is recorded and further classified into different zones. In this way, an accurate calculation of the observed space can be performed understanding which part of an area of interest is less or more observed. The research has shown great potential for first responders, researchers, architects and safety experts. The developed application can be used as a simulation tool to assess the safety of different urban environments and identify potentially vulnerable locations.
TOWARDS THE INTEGRATION OF INDOORGML AND INDOORLOCATIONGML FOR INDOOR APPLICATIONS
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 14-09-2017
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ANNALS-IV-2-W4-343-2017
Abstract: Abstract. This paper introduces and compares two types of GML-based data standards for indoor location-based services, i.e., IndoorGML and IndoorLocationGML. By elaborating the advantages of the both standards and their data models, we conclude that the two data standards are complementary to each other. A jointed data model is presented to show the integration of the two standards. IndoorGML can supply sub ision of building for data of IndoorLocationGML, and the semantics of locations defined in IndoorLocationGML can be added to IndoorGML. By proposing two use cases, we take the initiative in attempting to combine the use of the two standards. The first case is to collect details from files of the two standards for an indoor path the second one is to generate verbal directions for indoor guidance from files of the two standards. Some future work is given for further development, such as automatic integration of separate data from both standards.
INDOOR A* PATHFINDING THROUGH AN OCTREE REPRESENTATION OF A POINT CLOUD
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 05-10-2016
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRS-ANNALS-IV-2-W1-249-2016
Abstract: Abstract. There is a growing demand of 3D indoor pathfinding applications. Researched in the field of robotics during the last decades of the 20th century, these methods focussed on 2D navigation. Nowadays we would like to have the ability to help people navigate inside buildings or send a drone inside a building when this is too dangerous for people. What these ex les have in common is that an object with a certain geometry needs to find an optimal collision free path between a start and goal point. This paper presents a new workflow for pathfinding through an octree representation of a point cloud. We applied the following steps: 1) the point cloud is processed so it fits best in an octree 2) during the octree generation the interior empty nodes are filtered and further processed 3) for each interior empty node the distance to the closest occupied node directly under it is computed 4) a network graph is computed for all empty nodes 5) the A* pathfinding algorithm is conducted. This workflow takes into account the connectivity for each node to all possible neighbours (face, edge and vertex and all sizes). Besides, a collision avoidance system is pre-processed in two steps: first, the clearance of each empty node is computed, and then the maximal crossing value between two empty neighbouring nodes is computed. The clearance is used to select interior empty nodes of appropriate size and the maximal crossing value is used to filter the network graph. Finally, both these datasets are used in A* pathfinding.
Onsite Quality Check for Installation of Prefabricated Wall Panels Using Laser Scanning
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 16-09-2021
DOI: 10.3390/BUILDINGS11090412
Abstract: Prefabricated construction has gained increasing popularity to meet the needs of rapid city development in recent years. Installation quality check is a critical task in prefabricated construction, and currently mostly still carried out manually, which is slow and ineffective. To provide an efficient and practical quality check method to replace the current manual method, this paper elaborates on an approach for checking prefabricated wall panels using laser scanning. The approach is validated in an actual case study. A common laser scanner BLK 360 is adopted to collect onsite 3D scenes after panel installation. The point clouds collected are co-roistered, classified, and segmented. Geometric parameters such as angles and distances allow for determining whether the installation meets the quality requirement. The outcome is compared with the quality check results using the conventional manual method. The results show that the panels, which need rectification, are correctly identified by the proposed approach. The major contribution of this study is determining the set of segmentation parameters to be adopted in similar quality check-up procedures. A practical and efficient quality check process is also proposed and can be readily implemented for certain prefabricated elements in many construction cases.
EXPLORING REGULARITIES FOR IMPROVING FAÇADE RECONSTRUCTION FROM POINT CLOUDS
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 16-06-2016
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRSARCHIVES-XLI-B5-749-2016
Abstract: (Semi)-automatic facade reconstruction from terrestrial LiDAR point clouds is often affected by both quality of point cloud itself and imperfectness of object recognition algorithms. In this paper, we employ regularities, which exist on façades, to mitigate these problems. For ex le, doors, windows and balconies often have orthogonal and parallel boundaries. Many windows are constructed with the same shape. They may be arranged at the same lines and distance intervals, so do different windows. By identifying regularities among objects with relatively poor quality, these can be applied to calibrate the objects and improve their quality. The paper focuses on the regularities among the windows, which is the majority of objects on the wall. Regularities are classified into three categories: within an in idual window, among similar windows and among different windows. Nine cases are specified as a reference for exploration. A hierarchical clustering method is employed to identify and apply regularities in a feature space, where regularities can be identified from clusters. To find the corresponding features in the nine cases of regularities, two phases are distinguished for similar and different windows. In the first phase, ICP (iterative closest points) is used to identify groups of similar windows. The registered points and a number of transformation matrices are used to identify and apply regularities among similar windows. In the second phase, features are extracted from the boundaries of the different windows. When applying regularities by relocating windows, the connections, called chains, established among the similar windows in the first phase are preserved. To test the performance of the algorithms, two datasets from terrestrial LiDAR point clouds are used. Both show good effects on the reconstructed model, while still matching with original point cloud, preventing over or under-regularization.
A data model for route planning in the case of forest fires
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2014
Disaster management: An integral part of science & technology system and land administration-management system
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 07-06-2016
Indoor mapping and modeling by parsing floor plan images
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 08-07-2020
3D Tree Reconstruction in Support of Urban Microclimate Simulation: A Comprehensive Literature Review
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 17-09-2021
DOI: 10.3390/BUILDINGS11090417
Abstract: The negative climate change induced by rapid urbanization has become a global environmental issue. Numerous studies have been devoted to microclimate regulation functions performed by urban vegetation. Digital city information modeling provides a powerful tool for various simulations and data analytics for the sustainable development of urban areas. However, the method reconstructing urban trees is still in its early stage compared to the relatively mature building modeling. Most prior studies on tree reconstruction focused on retrieving geometric features, while other factors related to urban microclimate simulation were rarely addressed. This paper presents a comprehensive literature review and in-depth analysis covering two distinct research directions in relation to urban microclimate simulation. The first one is set on the identification of key factors related to trees’ impact on urban microclimate. The second one is dedicated to approaches for three-dimensional (3D) tree reconstruction. Based on the findings, the paper identifies information including trees’ geometric, physiological characteristics and relation to the surroundings required for 3D tree reconstruction in the context of urban microclimate simulation, and further assesses the potential of the 3D tree reconstruction approaches to accommodate these pieces of information. An appropriate 3D tree reconstruction approach, which allows for the supply of the required information for urban microclimate simulation, is recommended.
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