ORCID Profile
0000-0002-7773-6871
Current Organisation
Northumbria University
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Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-10-2014
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 25-04-2017
DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2017.1316672
Abstract: n-of-1 studies test hypotheses within in iduals based on repeated measurement of variables within the in idual over time. Intra-in idual effects may differ from those found in between-participant studies. Using ex les from a systematic review of n-of-1 studies in health behaviour research, this article provides a state of the art overview of the use of n-of-1 methods, organised according to key methodological considerations related to n-of-1 design and analysis, and describes future challenges and opportunities. A comprehensive search strategy (PROSPERO:CRD42014007258) was used to identify articles published between 2000 and 2016, reporting observational or interventional n-of-1 studies with health behaviour outcomes. Thirty-nine articles were identified which reported on n-of-1 observational designs and a range of n-of-1 interventional designs, including AB, ABA, ABABA, alternating treatments, n-of-1 randomised controlled trial, multiple baseline and changing criterion designs. Behaviours measured included treatment adherence, physical activity, drug/alcohol use, sleep, smoking and eating behaviour. Descriptive, visual or statistical analyses were used. We identify scope and opportunities for using n-of-1 methods to answer key questions in health behaviour research. n-of-1 methods provide the tools needed to help advance theoretical knowledge and personalise/tailor health behaviour interventions to in iduals.
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 03-08-2016
DOI: 10.2196/JMIR.5790
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 29-07-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-04-2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-11-2019
DOI: 10.1186/S40798-019-0216-X
Abstract: Less than 10% of heart failure patients in the UK participate in cardiac rehabilitation programmes. The present pilot study evaluated feasibility, acceptability and physiological effects of a novel, personalised, home-based physical activity intervention in chronic heart failure. Twenty patients (68 ± 7 years old, 20% females) with stable chronic heart failure due to reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (31 ± 8 %) participated in a single-group, pilot study assessing the feasibility and acceptability of a 12-week personalised home-based physical activity intervention aiming to increase daily number of steps by 2000 from baseline (Active-at-Home-HF). Patients completed cardiopulmonary exercise testing with non-invasive gas exchange and haemodynamic measurements and quality of life questionnaire pre- and post-intervention. Patients were supported weekly via telephone and average weekly step count data collected using pedometers. Forty-three patients were screened and 20 recruited into the study. Seventeen patients (85%) completed the intervention, and 15 (75%) achieved the target step count. Average step count per day increased significantly from baseline to 3 weeks by 2546 (5108 ± 3064 to 7654 ± 3849, P = 0.03, n = 17) and was maintained until week 12 (9022 ± 3942). Following completion of the intervention, no adverse events were recorded and quality of life improved by 4 points (26 ± 18 vs. 22 ± 19). Peak exercise stroke volume increased by 19% (127 ± 34 vs. 151 ± 34 m/beat, P = 0.05), while cardiac index increased by 12% (6.8 ± 1.5 vs. 7.6 ± 2.0 L/min/m 2 , P = 0.19). Workload and oxygen consumption at anaerobic threshold also increased by 16% (49 ± 16 vs. 59 ± 14 watts, P = 0.01) and 10% (11.5 ± 2.9 vs. 12.8 ± 2.2 ml/kg/min, P = 0.39). The Active-at-Home-HF intervention is feasible, acceptable and effective for increasing physical activity in CHF. It may lead to improvements in quality of life, exercise tolerance and haemodynamic function. www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT0367727. Retrospectively registered on 17 September 2018.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-07-2015
DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2015.1012177
Abstract: Content, delivery and effects of physical activity (PA) interventions are heterogeneous. There is a need to identify intervention features (content and delivery) related to long-term effectiveness. Behaviour change techniques (BCTs) and modes of intervention delivery were coded in 19 randomised controlled trials included in a systematic review of PA interventions for adults aged 55-70 years, published between 2000 and 2010, with PA outcomes ≥ 12 months after randomisation protocol registration: PROSPERO CRD42011001459. Meta-analysis, moderator analyses and meta-regression were conducted. Meta-analysis revealed that interventions were effective in promoting PA compared with no/minimal intervention comparators [d = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.19-0.40, I(2) = 79.8%, Q-value = 89.16 (df = 18, p < 0.01)]. Intervention features often concurred and goal setting was the most commonly used BCT. Subgroup analyses suggested that interventions using the BCT feedback may be more effective, whilst interventions using printed materials or the BCTs information on where and when to perform the behaviour and information on consequences of behaviour to the in idual may be less effective. Meta-regression revealed that neither the number of BCTs nor self-regulatory BCTs significantly related to effect size. Feedback appears to be a potentially effective candidate BCT for future interventions promoting long-term PA. Considering concurrence of intervention features alongside moderator analyses is important.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-02-2015
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Nicola O'Brien.