Publication
Life‐history dimensions indicate non‐random assembly processes in tropical island tree communities
Publisher:
Wiley
Date:
24-12-2020
DOI:
10.1111/ECOG.05363
Abstract: Community assembly processes on islands are often non‐random. The mechanisms behind non‐random assembly, however, are generally difficult to disentangle. Functional ersity in combination with a null model approach that accounts for differences in species richness among islands can be used to test for non‐random assembly processes, but has been applied rarely to island communities. By linking functional ersity of trees on islands with a null model approach, we bridge this gap and test for the role of stochastic versus non‐random trait‐mediated assembly processes in shaping communities by studying functional ersity–area relationships. We measured 11 plant functional traits linked to species dispersal and resource acquisition strategies of 57 tree species on 40 tropical islands. We grouped traits into four life‐history dimensions representing 1) dispersal ability, 2) growth strategy, 3) light acquisition and 4) nutrient acquisition. To test for non‐random assembly processes, we used null models that account for differences in species richness among the islands. Our results reveal contrasting responses of the four life‐history dimensions to island area. The dispersal and the growth strategy dimensions were underdispersed on smaller islands, whereas the light acquisition dimension was overdispersed. The nutrient acquisition dimension did not deviate from null expectations. With increasing island area, shifts in the strength of non‐random assembly processes increased the ersity of dispersal and acquisition strategies in island communities. Our results suggest that smaller islands may be more difficult to colonize and provide more limited niche space compared to larger islands, whose tree communities are likely determined by stochastic processes and higher niche ersity. Our null model approach highlights that analyzing the functional ersity of different life‐history dimensions provides a powerful framework to unravel community assembly processes on islands. These complex, non‐random assembly processes are masked by measures of functional ersity that do not account for differences in species richness between islands.