ORCID Profile
0000-0002-2581-1972
Current Organisations
University of South Alabama
,
Universidade de Lisboa
,
University of St Andrews
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Publisher: SPIE
Date: 13-09-2007
DOI: 10.1117/12.749945
Publisher: Brill
Date: 20-12-2021
DOI: 10.1163/25889567-BJA10026
Abstract: The forced swim test ( FST ) is a controversial rodent test that has been used for decades, mainly in depression studies. The severity of the procedure makes it ethically questionable and its validity has also been questioned. In this paper we contribute new data to this debate. We identified original research papers related to Major Depressive Disorder ( MDD ), using rats as models. We compared the citations received by studies that used the FST and by studies that did not, within subsequent human medical papers. The results show that the number of citations received by both groups was very low, but in the papers describing the FST data the median citation number was zero. Citation analysis indicates that the FST is not contributing significantly to the understanding or cure of MDD . We briefly review other approaches that overcome the ethical limitations of the FST, and which might also surpass its efficacy.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 07-2019
Abstract: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the most severe form of depression and the leading cause of disability worldwide. When considering research approaches aimed at understanding MDD, it is important that their effectiveness is evaluated. Here, we assessed the effectiveness of original studies on MDD by rating their contributions to subsequent medical papers on the subject, and we compared the respective contribution of findings from non-human primate (NHP) studies and from human-based in vitro or in silico research approaches. For each publication, we conducted a quantitative citation analysis and a systematic qualitative analysis of the citations. In the majority of cases, human-based research approaches (both in silico and in vitro) received more citations in subsequent human research papers than did NHP studies. In addition, the human-based approaches were considered to be more relevant to the hypotheses and/or to the methods featured in the citing papers. The results of this study suggest that studies based on in silico and in vitro approaches are taken into account by medical researchers more often than are NHP-based approaches. In addition, these human-based approaches are usually cheaper and less ethically contentious than NHP studies. Therefore, we suggest that the traditional animal-based approach for testing medical hypotheses should be revised, and more opportunities created for further developing human-relevant innovative techniques.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 25-06-2015
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 15-10-2010
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 03-2008
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 14-07-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-2022
DOI: 10.1111/DDI.13465
Abstract: The present study is the first attempt to grasp the scale and richness of marine biological invasions in Macaronesia. We pioneered a comprehensive non‐native species (NNS), inventory in the region to determine their ersity patterns and native distribution origins. NNS were defined here as the result of both introductions and range expansions. We also used statistical modelling to examine relationships among NNS richness, anthropogenic activities, demographic and geographical variables across Macaronesia. Macaronesia. A comprehensive literature search was conducted for marine NNS records in Macaronesia, registering the first record's location and year from 1884 to 2020. We used univariate and multivariate analyses to evaluate differences and similarities in community composition. By applying a Generalized Linear Model (GLM), we tested hypotheses regarding NNS richness as a function of anthropogenic activities, demographic and geographical variables. A total of 144 marine non‐native species (NNS) were recorded for the whole of Macaronesia. The highest NNS richness was registered in the Canary Islands (76 NNS), followed by the Azores (66 NNS), Madeira (59 NNS) and finally Cabo Verde (18 NNS). Some differences amongst archipelagos were observed, such as the high number of non‐native macroalgae in the Azores, fishes in the Canary Islands and tunicates in Cabo Verde. Overall, macroalgae, tunicates and bryozoans were the predominant taxonomic groups in the Macaronesian archipelagos. Madeira and Canary Islands were the archipelagos with more similarity in marine NNS, and Cabo Verde the most ergent. Finally, GLM suggested that non‐native richness patterns across Macaronesia were dependent on the considered archipelago and strongly affected by (1) minimum distance to the mainland, (2) the total number of ports and marinas and (3) total marinas area (km 2 ). The model results and NNS listing in the present study will likely raise the awareness and response regarding marine NNS in the whole Macaronesia region, serving as a baseline for future research as well as implementing and enforcing regulations related to the introduction of marine NNS in oceanic islands.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 24-06-2020
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 08-02-2007
DOI: 10.1117/12.701021
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 07-02-2008
DOI: 10.1117/12.763935
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 08-02-2007
DOI: 10.1117/12.701224
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 08-02-2007
DOI: 10.1117/12.699246
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 07-02-2008
DOI: 10.1117/12.763967
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 02-2008
DOI: 10.1063/1.2885043
Abstract: Small-animal fluorescence imaging is a rapidly growing field, driven by applications in cancer detection and pharmaceutical therapies. However, the practical use of this imaging technology is limited by image-quality issues related to autofluorescence background from animal tissues, as well as attenuation of the fluorescence signal due to scatter and absorption. To combat these problems, spectral imaging and analysis techniques are being employed to separate the fluorescence signal from background autofluorescence. To date, these technologies have focused on detecting the fluorescence emission spectrum at a fixed excitation wavelength. We present an alternative to this technique, an imaging spectrometer that detects the fluorescence excitation spectrum at a fixed emission wavelength. The advantages of this approach include increased available information for discrimination of fluorescent dyes, decreased optical radiation dose to the animal, and ability to scan a continuous wavelength range instead of discrete wavelength s ling. This excitation-scanning imager utilizes an acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF), with supporting optics, to scan the excitation spectrum. Advanced image acquisition and analysis software has also been developed for classification and unmixing of the spectral image sets. Filtering has been implemented in a single-pass configuration with a bandwidth (full width at half maximum) of 16nm at 550nm central diffracted wavelength. We have characterized AOTF filtering over a wide range of incident light angles, much wider than has been previously reported in the literature, and we show how changes in incident light angle can be used to attenuate AOTF side lobes and alter bandwidth. A new parameter, in-band to out-of-band ratio, was defined to assess the quality of the filtered excitation light. Additional parameters were measured to allow objective characterization of the AOTF and the imager as a whole. This is necessary for comparing the excitation-scanning imager to other spectral and fluorescence imaging technologies. The effectiveness of the hyperspectral imager was tested by imaging and analysis of mice with injected fluorescent dyes. Finally, a discussion of the optimization of spectral fluorescence imagers is given, relating the effects of filter quality on fluorescence images collected and the analysis outcome.
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 07-02-2008
DOI: 10.1117/12.763125
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.1039/B602008A
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-97540-1_9
Abstract: Bioacoustics is a growing field of research in which sound is measured to gain knowledge about species’ natural history and their environments. For ex le, bioacousticians have been able to create phylogenies, identify populations, and estimate abundance using sound. Moreover, today, many animals are exposed to human-generated noise, which can impact animals’ behavior, ability to communicate, physiology, hearing, and, in some instances, survival. Bioacoustics, thus, is commonly used to assess and predict the impacts of anthropogenic noise on animals and their populations. The use of bioacoustics to address such research questions, however, is only effective provided the quantitative and statistical analysis methods used are adequate and reliable. While it may not be reasonable to expect a single researcher working in bioacoustics to master all three fields required in bioacoustical research (i.e., biology, acoustics, and statistics), bioacousticians should understand basic statistical concepts, have good knowledge of existing techniques for data analysis, and identify possible pitfalls in survey design. In addition, bioacousticians should be able to conduct a range of current standard analyses, produce informative visualizations, and know when to engage a statistician to perform more sophisticated analyses. This chapter introduces common terms, concepts, and statistical methods available to analyze bioacoustical data. Not surprisingly, most are concepts and methods that could be used for any applied research topic, not necessarily just bioacoustics. The authors’ aim is for this chapter to expose users with no or limited experience in quantitative methods in bioacoustics to key analytical considerations for making valid inferences from acoustic data.
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 29-03-2005
DOI: 10.1117/12.598065
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Tiago A. Marques.