ORCID Profile
0000-0003-0811-1701
Current Organisation
Hiroshima University
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Publisher: Canadian Center of Science and Education
Date: 14-08-2014
DOI: 10.5539/GJHS.V7N1P59
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2020
DOI: 10.1186/S13195-020-00734-Y
Abstract: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is recognized as a risk stage for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other dementias, but its prevalence is not well known. We aimed to use uniform criteria to better estimate SCD prevalence across international cohorts. We combined in idual participant data for 16 cohorts from 15 countries (members of the COSMIC consortium) and used qualitative and quantitative (Item Response Theory/IRT) harmonization techniques to estimate SCD prevalence. The s le comprised 39,387 cognitively unimpaired in iduals above age 60. The prevalence of SCD across studies was around one quarter with both qualitative harmonization/QH (23.8%, 95%CI = 23.3–24.4%) and IRT (25.6%, 95%CI = 25.1–26.1%) however, prevalence estimates varied largely between studies (QH 6.1%, 95%CI = 5.1–7.0%, to 52.7%, 95%CI = 47.4–58.0% IRT: 7.8%, 95%CI = 6.8–8.9%, to 52.7%, 95%CI = 47.4–58.0%). Across studies, SCD prevalence was higher in men than women, in lower levels of education, in Asian and Black African people compared to White people, in lower- and middle-income countries compared to high-income countries, and in studies conducted in later decades. SCD is frequent in old age. Having a quarter of older in iduals with SCD warrants further investigation of its significance, as a risk stage for AD and other dementias, and of ways to help in iduals with SCD who seek medical advice. Moreover, a standardized instrument to measure SCD is needed to overcome the measurement variability currently dominant in the field.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 28-03-2023
Abstract: Few studies have compared gait speed and its correlates among different ethnogeographic regions. The goals of this study were to describe usual and rapid gait speed, and identify their correlates across Australian, Asian, and African countries. We used data from 6 population-based cohorts of adults aged 65+ from 6 countries and 3 continents (N = 6 472), with s les ranging from 231 to 1 913. All cohorts are members of the Cohort Studies of Memory in an International Consortium collaboration. We investigated whether clinical (body mass index [BMI], hypertension, stroke, apolipoprotein status), psychological (cognition, mood, general health), and behavioral factors (smoking, drinking, physical activity) correlated with usual (N = 4 cohorts) and rapid gait speed (N = 3 cohorts) similarly across cohorts. Regression models were controlled for age, sex, and education, and were sex-stratified. Age- and sex-standardized usual gait speed means ranged from 0.61 to 1.06 m/s and rapid gait speed means ranged from 1.16 to 1.64 m/s. Lower BMI and better cognitive function consistently correlated with faster gait speed in all cohorts. Less consistently, not having hypertension and greater physical activity engagement were associated with faster gait speed. Associations with mood, smoking, and drinking were largely nonsignificant. These patterns were not attenuated by demographics. There was limited evidence that the associations differed by sex, except physical activity, where the greater intensity was associated with usual gait among men but not women. This study is among the first to describe the usual and rapid gait speeds across older adults in Africa, Asia, and Australia.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 21-03-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-02-2023
DOI: 10.1002/ALZ.12962
Abstract: Sex differences in dementia risk, and risk factor (RF) associations with dementia, remain uncertain across erse ethno‐regional groups. A total of 29,850 participants (58% women) from 21 cohorts across six continents were included in an in idual participant data meta‐analysis. Sex‐specific hazard ratios (HRs), and women‐to‐men ratio of hazard ratios (RHRs) for associations between RFs and all‐cause dementia were derived from mixed‐effect Cox models. Incident dementia occurred in 2089 (66% women) participants over 4.6 years (median). Women had higher dementia risk (HR, 1.12 [1.02, 1.23]) than men, particularly in low‐ and lower‐middle‐income economies. Associations between longer education and former alcohol use with dementia risk (RHR, 1.01 [1.00, 1.03] per year, and 0.55 [0.38, 0.79], respectively) were stronger for men than women otherwise, there were no discernible sex differences in other RFs. Dementia risk was higher in women than men, with possible variations by country‐level income settings, but most RFs appear to work similarly in women and men.
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 05-2022
DOI: 10.1136/BMJOPEN-2021-056929
Abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention interventions focused at reducing risky sexual behaviours are an important strategy for preventing HIV infection among youth (15–24 years) who continue to be vulnerable to the disease. This systematic review aims to synthesise current global evidence on the effectiveness of HIV prevention interventions for reducing risky sexual behaviour among youth in the last decade. MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, PsychINFO, ProQuest Central, CINAHL and Web of Science databases, ClinicalTrials.gov and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and reference lists of included studies and systematic reviews on effectiveness of HIV prevention interventions for reducing risky sexual behaviour among youth will be searched for articles published from August 2011 to August 2021. Eligible studies will be longitudinal studies including randomised controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies that examined the effectiveness of HIV prevention interventions among youth populations (15–24 years) with risky sexual behaviour as a primary or secondary outcome. Study selection and quality assessment will be undertaken independently by three reviewers and disagreements will be resolved through consensus. Data analysis will be undertaken using RevMan software V.5.3.3. A random effects meta-analysis will be conducted to report heterogeneous data where statistical pooling is achievable. We will use I 2 statistics to test for heterogeneity. Where appropriate, a funnel plot will be generated to assess publication bias. Where statistical pooling is unachievable, the findings will be reported in a narrative form, together with tables and figures to assist in data presentation if required. Reporting of the systematic review will be informed by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Ethical approval is not required. Findings of the systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. The findings will be of interest to researchers, healthcare practitioners and policymakers. CRD42021271774.
No related grants have been discovered for Sanmei Chen.