ORCID Profile
0000-0001-5904-8699
Current Organisation
University of York
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Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-05-2020
DOI: 10.1186/S12885-020-06889-Z
Abstract: Curative treatment for upper gastrointestinal (UGI) and hepatopancreaticobiliary (HPB) cancers, involves complex surgical resection often in combination with neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemo/chemoradiotherapy. With advancing survival rates, there is an emergent cohort of UGI and HPB cancer survivors with physical and nutritional deficits, resultant from both the cancer and its treatments. Therefore, rehabilitation to counteract these impairments is required to maximise health related quality of life (HRQOL) in survivorship. The initial feasibility of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme for UGI survivors was established in the Rehabilitation Strategies following Oesophago-gastric Cancer (ReStOre) feasibility study and pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT). ReStOre II will now further investigate the efficacy of that programme as it applies to a wider cohort of UGI and HPB cancer survivors, namely survivors of cancer of the oesophagus, stomach, pancreas, and liver. The ReStOre II RCT will compare a 12-week multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme of supervised and self-managed exercise, dietary counselling, and education to standard survivorship care in a cohort of UGI and HPB cancer survivors who are 3-months post-oesophagectomy/ gastrectomy/ pancreaticoduodenectomy, or major liver resection. One hundred twenty participants (60 per study arm) will be recruited to establish a mean increase in the primary outcome (cardiorespiratory fitness) of 3.5 ml/min/kg with 90% power, 5% significance allowing for 20% drop out. Study outcomes of physical function, body composition, nutritional status, HRQOL, and fatigue will be measured at baseline (T0), post-intervention (T1), and 3-months follow-up (T2). At 1-year follow-up (T3), HRQOL alone will be measured. The impact of ReStOre II on well-being will be examined qualitatively with focus groups/interviews (T1, T2). Bio-s les will be collected from T0-T2 to establish a national UGI and HPB cancer survivorship biobank. The cost effectiveness of ReStOre II will also be analysed. This RCT will investigate the efficacy of a 12-week multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme for survivors of UGI and HPB cancer compared to standard survivorship care. If effective, ReStOre II will provide an exemplar model of rehabilitation for UGI and HPB cancer survivors. The study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov , registration number: NCT03958019 , date registered: 21/05/2019
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Date: 04-2007
Abstract: The first purpose of this study was to examine the interrelationships among three forms of relational efficacy within performing dyads, namely, self-efficacy, other-efficacy, and relation-inferred self-efficacy. The second objective was to examine the relationships between these efficacy beliefs and athletes’ perceptions of their commitment to and satisfaction with their current partnership. Participants were 120 junior tennis players (age, M = 14.30 years, SD = 1.21) performing within 60 intact pairs (i.e., doubles). Results revealed that self-efficacy and other-efficacy were predictive of athlete commitment and satisfaction, respectively. In addition, by utilizing actor–partner interdependence models, partner as well as actor effects were evident. The findings illustrate that relational efficacy beliefs may not only have implications for the in idual holding such beliefs, but also for his or her relational partner. Implications for the future study of efficacy beliefs within dyadic contexts are discussed.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-03-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.PEC.2018.06.014
Abstract: To systematically identify, synthesise and evaluate the strength of the international evidence on copy letter practice. A systematic search identified original research studies on copy letters. Searches were limited by date and language as permitted in rapid review methods guidance. Article screening, data extraction and strength of evidence assessment were completed independently by multiple authors. Thirty-seven studies were included. There was a lack of information about copy letter content. Many patients report being satisfied with copy letters, understand them and find them useful. However, there is a lack of objective, high quality evidence to suggest that copy letters increased patient understanding or improved physical or psychological health outcomes. Many letters were written at a level which would make them inaccessible to patients with low health literacy. The strength of evidence was either "emerging" or "acceptable" practice for most studies (n = 30). There is a lack of objective, high quality evidence to demonstrate the benefits of copy letters as described in health policy. Personalising letters and using lay rather than medical terms appears to be useful for improving copy letter readability. Further research is required to explore this, especially in people with low health literacy levels.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2007
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-05-2017
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 24-01-2020
Abstract: Anxiety is a common and distressing problem after stroke. To undertake an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies of anxiety after stroke and integrate the findings with those reported previously. Multiple databases were searched in May 2018 and 53 new studies were included following dual independent sifting and data extraction. These were combined with 44 previous studies to form a combined data set of 97 studies, comprising 22,262 participants. Studies using interview methods were of higher quality. Rates of anxiety by interview were 18.7% (95% confidence interval 12.5, 24.9%) and 24.2% (95% confidence interval 21.5, 26.9%) by rating scale. Rates of anxiety did not lower meaningfully up to 24 months after stroke. Eight different anxiety subtypes were also reported. This review confirms that anxiety occurs in around one in four patients (by rating scale) and one in five patients (by interview). More research on anxiety subtypes is needed for an informed understanding of its effects and the development of interventions.
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Date: 10-2008
Abstract: Drawing from Lent and Lopez’s (2002) “tripartite” model of relational efficacy, the overall purpose of this study was to examine antecedents and consequences of self-effcacy, other-efficacy, and relation-inferred self-efficacy (RISE) within six international-level athlete dyads. Semistructured interviews were conducted and data were content analyzed using deductive and inductive procedures. Sources of efficacy emerged in relation to perceptions regarding (i) oneself, (ii) one’s partner, (iii) the dyad/relationship, and (iv) external factors. Results also revealed the emergence of a number of salient intrapersonal and interpersonal outcomes, incorporating cognitive, affective, as well as behavioral consequences. Implications for theory development and future research are considered, and applied propositions are discussed with regard to effective relationship management in elite sport.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 27-09-2012
DOI: 10.1111/J.1747-4949.2012.00906.X
Abstract: Negative psychological outcomes occur frequently after stroke however, there is uncertainty regarding the occurrence of anxiety disorders and anxiety symptoms after stroke. A systematic review of observational studies was conducted that assessed the frequency of anxiety in stroke patients using a diagnostic or screening tool. Databases were searched up to March 2011. A random effects model was used to summarize the pooled estimate. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using the I 2 statistic. Forty-four published studies comprising 5760 stroke patients were included. The overall pooled estimate of anxiety disorders assessed by clinical interview was 18% (95%confidence interval 8–29%, I 2 = 97%) and was 25% (95% confidence interval 21–28%, I 2 = 90%) for anxiety assessed by rating scale. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety subscale ‘probable’ and ‘possible’ cutoff scores were the most widely used assessment criteria. The combined rate of anxiety by time after stroke was: 20% (95% confidence interval 13–27%, I 2 = 96%) within one-month of stroke 23% (95% confidence interval 19–27%, I 2 = 84%) one to five-months after stroke and 24% (95% confidence interval 19–29%, I 2 = 89%) six-months or more after stroke. Anxiety after stroke occurs frequently although methodological limitations in the primary studies may limit generalizability. Given the association between prevalence rates and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety cutoff used in studies, reported rates could in fact underrepresent the extent of the problem. Additionally, risk factors for anxiety, its impact on patient outcomes, and effects in tangent with depression remain unclear.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2016
DOI: 10.1016/J.MATURITAS.2016.02.016
Abstract: To assess the quality, readability and coverage of website information about herbal remedies for menopausal symptoms. A purposive s le of commercial and non-commercial websites was assessed for quality (DISCERN), readability (SMOG) and information coverage. Non-parametric and parametric tests were used to explain the variability of these factors across types of websites and to assess associations between website quality and information coverage. 39 sites were assessed. Median quality and information coverage scores were 44/80 and 11/30 respectively. The median readability score was 18.7, similar to UK broadsheets. Commercial websites scored significantly lower on quality (p=0.014), but there were no statistical differences for information coverage or readability. There was a significant positive correlation between information quality and coverage scores irrespective of website provider (r=0.69, p<0.001, n=39). Overall website quality and information coverage are poor and the required reading level high.
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Date: 06-2009
DOI: 10.1123/TSP.23.2.203
Abstract: The purpose of the current study was to identify putative antecedents and consequences associated with self-efficacy, other-efficacy, and relation-inferred self-efficacy, within the context of elite coach-athlete dyads. Semistructured interviews were conducted with each member of six international-level coach-athlete partnerships, and data were analyzed using inductive and deductive content analytic techniques. Results for both athletes and coaches demonstrated that the above ‘tripartite efficacy beliefs’ (cf. Lent & Lopez, 2002) were identified as originating from perceptions regarding oneself, inferences regarding the ‘other’ dyad member (e.g., the athlete’s coach), as well as the dyad as a whole. Results also revealed that the tripartite efficacy constructs were interrelated, and independently associated with a number of positive task-related and relationship-oriented consequences. Findings are considered in relation to developing and sustaining effective coach-athlete relationships at the elite level.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 02-2005
DOI: 10.1191/0269215505CR822OA
Abstract: Background and purpose: There are widespread regional variations in the institutionalization rate after stroke. This study sought to identify the factors that predict institutionalization after a primary diagnosis of stroke and determine whether institutionalization rate could be used to assess the quality of hospital care. Methods: A retrospective case note audit of 2778 consecutive admissions with stroke, between 1 September and 31 October 2000 from a randomly selected s le of 79 hospitals in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Data were collected on demographics, case-mix, clinical outcome, organization of discharge, and place of residence at discharge and at three and six months. The figures from this audit were validated using data from the 1998 National Sentinel Audit of Stroke. Results: Overall 14% of patients previously living at home were discharged to nursing or residential homes. Using logistic regression, Barthel Index score at discharge accounted for 40% of variation. Two-thirds of patients with a discharge Barthel score of B=5 were institutionalized. Age alone explained 14% and when taken together with discharge Barthel and length of stay it accounted for 54% of variation. On admission 22% of the variation in institutionalization rate could be accounted for by total Glasgow Coma Score (15, B=15), age and ability to walk unaided. Regional variations in institutionalization rates are evident and may in part be explained by differences in ease of access to the institutions. Conclusions: Discharge disability and older age were the dominant factors determining admission to nursing and residential homes. It is not possible to predict sufficiently reliably for an in idual patient the likelihood of institutionalization at admission or at 72 h after admission, to justify early resource allocation decisions.
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Peter Knapp.