ORCID Profile
0000-0003-1667-1135
Current Organisation
Australian National University
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Electrical and Electronic Engineering | Functional Materials | Nanoscale Characterisation | Photodetectors, Optical Sensors and Solar Cells
Expanding Knowledge in Engineering | Solar-Photovoltaic Energy |
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2015
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 15-05-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-09-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.UROLONC.2021.09.022
Abstract: Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine, one of the most successful bio-therapies to date, has been the gold standard treatment for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer for 44 years. International shortages have necessitated rationing this life-saving medication with deleterious effects on the primary treatment of high-grade non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Understanding the history of intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin gives us insight into the current shortages and future perspectives for novel immunotherapy opportunities against this deadly disease.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 05-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-06-2021
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 16-06-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-06-2023
Abstract: A scalable growth of atomically‐thin 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) with defect‐free large‐area surfaces is crucial for developing high‐performing optoelectronic devices. Herein, a method to grow large‐area, high‐quality MoSe 2 monolayers, MoSe 2 –WSe 2 , and WSe 2 –MoSe 2 lateral heterostructures using molten salt‐based chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is systematically reported. First, effects of isolated inorganic (sodium chloride (NaCl) and sodium nitrate (NaNO 3 )), organic (Perylene–3,4,9,10–tetracarboxylic acid tetrapotassium salt (PTAS), mixed inorganic (NaCl/NaNO 3 ), and hybrid organic–inorganic (PTAS/NaCl/NaNO 3 ) salt catalysts on the CVD growth and optoelectronic quality of MoSe 2 monolayers and their lateral heterostructures with WSe 2 in MoSe 2 –WSe 2 and WSe 2 –MoSe 2 assemblies are investigated. Results show that molten salt catalysts (NaCl/NaNO 3 and PTAS/NaCl/NaNO 3 ) support high‐quality, large‐area growth of MoSe 2 monolayers with low defect density. The mixed inorganic salt supports growth of MoSe 2 –WSe 2 lateral heterostructures but not their counterpart. Meanwhile, WSe 2 –MoSe 2 lateral heterostructures are optimally grown, supported by the hybrid organic–inorganic salt. These results are ascribed to the difference in the associated kinetic and thermodynamic mechanisms for the growths of MoSe 2 and WSe 2 as starting materials. Last, it is confirmed that optoelectronic quality of realized heterostructures and monolayers is improved compared to their mechanically exfoliated counterparts. The obtained high‐quality, large‐area 2D TMD heterostructures can be useful for various optoelectronic applications.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-07-2020
DOI: 10.1038/S41377-020-00347-Y
Abstract: Long-range and fast transport of coherent excitons is important for the development of high-speed excitonic circuits and quantum computing applications. However, most of these coherent excitons have only been observed in some low-dimensional semiconductors when coupled with cavities, as there are large inhomogeneous broadening and dephasing effects on the transport of excitons in their native states in materials. Here, by confining coherent excitons at the 2D quantum limit, we first observed molecular aggregation-enabled ‘supertransport’ of excitons in atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) organic semiconductors between coherent states, with a measured high effective exciton diffusion coefficient of ~346.9 cm 2 /s at room temperature. This value is one to several orders of magnitude higher than the values reported for other organic molecular aggregates and low-dimensional inorganic materials. Without coupling to any optical cavities, the monolayer pentacene s le, a very clean 2D quantum system (~1.2 nm thick) with high crystallinity (J-type aggregation) and minimal interfacial states, showed superradiant emission from Frenkel excitons, which was experimentally confirmed by the temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL) emission, highly enhanced radiative decay rate, significantly narrowed PL peak width and strongly directional in-plane emission. The coherence in monolayer pentacene s les was observed to be delocalised over ~135 molecules, which is significantly larger than the values (a few molecules) observed for other organic thin films. In addition, the supertransport of excitons in monolayer pentacene s les showed highly anisotropic behaviour. Our results pave the way for the development of future high-speed excitonic circuits, fast OLEDs, and other optoelectronic devices.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-11-2020
Abstract: Dimensional engineering of perovskite solar cells has attracted significant research attention recently because of the potential to improve both device performance and stability. Here, a novel 2D passivation scheme for 3D perovskite solar cells is demonstrated using a mixed cation composition of 2D perovskite based on two different isomers of butylammonium iodide. The dual‐cation 2D perovskite outperforms its single cation 2D counterparts in surface passivation quality, resulting in devices with an impressive open‐circuit voltage of 1.21 V for a perovskite composition with an optical bandgap of ≈1.6 eV, and a ch ion efficiency of 23.27%. Using a combination of surface elemental analysis and valence electron spectra decomposition, it is shown that an in situ interaction between the 2D perovskite precursor and the 3D active layer results in surface intermixing of 3D and 2D perovskite phases, providing an effective combination of defect passivation and enhanced charge transfer, despite the semi‐insulating nature of the 2D perovskite phase. The demonstration of the synergistic interaction of multiple organic spacer cations in a 2D passivation layer offers new opportunities for further enhancement of device performance with mixed dimensional perovskite solar cells.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-06-2021
DOI: 10.1111/IJU.14624
Abstract: Sodium glucose‐linked transport protein 2 inhibitors are relatively novel drugs, used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Their use since Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme approval in Australia has increased drastically, possibly due to the low risk of hypoglycemic events and their advertised cardiovascular mortality benefits. However, as with any novel drug, adverse effects regarding their use require medical practitioner awareness for optimal patient outcomes. This paper aims to cover the major urological implications, including those pertinent perioperatively, that concern this class of drugs. There is a clear risk of developing genital mycotic infections with the use of sodium glucose‐linked transport protein 2 inhibitors, including serious infections such as Fournier’s gangrene. Evidence for developing urinary tract infections has been mixed. Sodium glucose‐linked transport protein 2 inhibitor‐induced lower urinary tract symptoms may have impacts on quality of life via pollakiuria and nocturia, of which there are increased reports. Perioperative use increases the risk of euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis. It is recommended that sodium glucose‐linked transport protein 2 inhibitors be ceased perioperatively.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 05-2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-01-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S00345-021-03908-X
Abstract: Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) represents a significant global therapeutic challenge, particularly in the era of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) shortage. High-risk NMIBC can progress to muscle invasive or metastatic disease in 25% of patients. Optimal treatment selection, according to risk stratification, is imperative. International guidelines slightly differ in their categorisation of low, intermediate and high-risk NMIBC. Nonetheless, a single post-operative instillation of chemotherapy with Mitomycin C (MMC) or Gemcitabine improves relapse-free survival (RFS) in low-risk NMIBC. Induction and maintenance intravesical BCG remains the historical gold standard for patients with intermediate or high-risk NMIBC. However, clinicians may be forced to consider alternatives given the current BCG shortage. Both intravesical MMC and Gemcitabine have been associated with similar efficacy to BCG, albeit in smaller studies. MMC may also be manipulated using a variety of methods to potentiate its effects. BCG treatment delivery may also be modified without affecting efficacy through dose reduction and abbreviation or omission of maintenance therapy. Preliminary data also highlight that directly proceeding to radical cystectomy may not adversely affect long-term quality of life measures. Access to new systemic and intravesical therapies must be prioritised for patients with BCG recurrent or unresponsive disease. When used in conjunction with molecularly defined biomarkers, these agents herald the potential for improved survival outcomes and alleviation of the current BCG shortage.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 16-11-2023
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 20-06-2021
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 02-2021
Abstract: In this manuscript, we describe a rare case of neuroendocrine tumour metastatic to the testicle, presenting with testicular mass as an isolated symptom. We describe the investigations and management leading us to this uncommon histological diagnosis and explore its significance and impact on further management.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-02-2023
DOI: 10.1038/S41391-022-00508-7
Abstract: Socioeconomic status (SES), race and geographical factors are known to impact prostate cancer management and outcomes. We aimed to assess these factors with regard to access to novel imaging in prostate cancer. Using the Prostate Cancer Outcomes Registry of Victoria (PCOR-Vic) we identified 5256 men diagnosed with prostate cancer via biopsy. Following the introduction of government rebate, the access to MRI improved with respect to SES. Access to PET imaging remains poor with respect to SES and geographical location in the absence of Federal funding. Further improvements for men with low SES and regional areas to access PET staging.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2021
Publisher: Maad Rayan Publishing Company
Date: 07-02-2020
DOI: 10.34172/JNP.2020.12
Abstract: Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is an iatrogenic disease caused by the parenteral administration of iodinated contrast media (CM). A number of agents are currently being assessed to minimise or prevent CIN. Such agents are typically assessed using rat models. The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive review of the rat models of CIN used in pre-clinical research. The MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane databases were systematically searched. Articles reporting rat models of CIN were included for assessment. Study designs, contrast agents and outcome measures were assessed. Of the assessed studies, a majority report a requirement for pre-existing renal impairment prior to the administration of CM. Outcome measures are heterogenous between studies, but typically include assessment and quantification of serum biochemical markers, cellular oxidative stress and histopathological changes. The significant variation in methodology reported in the current literature highlights the lack of consensus. The use of a reliable pre-contrast insult appears critical to result in the development of contrast nephropathy. The use of acceptable outcome measures appears to include serum laboratory markers, quantification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and objective histopathological outcomes.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-11-2020
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 26-12-2018
DOI: 10.1063/1.5057724
Abstract: We investigated ring defects induced by a two-step anneal in n-type Czochralski-grown silicon wafers using a combination of high spatial resolution Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), micro-photoluminescence (PL) mapping, and micro-Raman mapping. Through FTIR measurements, we show the inhomogeneous loss in interstitial oxygen with a positive correlation with the inverse lifetime. Using high-resolution micro-PL mapping, we are able to distinguish in idual recombination-active oxygen precipitates within the rings with a decreasing density from the center to the edge of the s le. The radial inhomogeneity of the oxygen precipitates is likely to be related to variations in the distribution of grown-in defects. We also demonstrate that micro-Raman mapping reveals the oxygen precipitates without the smearing effects of carrier diffusion that are present in micro-PL mapping.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-01-2023
DOI: 10.1111/ANS.18248
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 30-05-2023
DOI: 10.1063/5.0144641
Abstract: The most prominent form of nonlinear optical (NLO) frequency conversion is second harmonic generation (SHG), where incident light interacts with a nonlinear medium producing photons at double the input frequency, which has vast applications in material and biomedical science. Emerging two-dimensional nonlinear optical materials led by transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have fascinating optical and mechanical properties and are highly anticipated to overcome the technical limitations imposed by traditional bulky NLO materials. However, the atomic scale interaction length and low conversion efficiency in TMD materials prevent their further implementation in NLO applications. While some uniaxial strain-engineering studies intensively investigated the anisotropic SHG response in TMDs, they did not realize giant SHG enhancement by exploiting the opto-mechanical characteristics. Herein, we employ proton (H+) irradiation to successfully fabricate large pressurized monolayer TMD domes (d ≥ 10 μm) and conduct a comprehensive investigation and characterization of their SHG performance enhancement. We show that the intensity of SHG is effectively enhanced by around two orders of magnitude at room temperature. Such giant enhancement arises from the distinct separation distance induced by capped pressurized gas and the hemi-spherical morphology, enabling constructive optical interference. Moreover, the unique ergent strain field in TMD domes promotes the first experimental study on the anisotropic nonlinear optical behavior based on biaxial strain conditions in terms of varying strain orientation and relative weights. Our work demonstrates a promising system with enhanced NLO performance and well-preserved biocompatibility, paving a way toward the future nano-scaled quantum optics design and biomedical applications.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-06-2202
Abstract: Catalyst‐free InGaAs nanowires are promising building blocks for optoelectronic devices operating at telecommunication wavelengths. Despite progress, the applications of InGaAs nanowires remain limited due to their high density of surface states that degrade their optical properties. Here, InGaAs nanowires with superior optical properties are achieved by effectively suppressing their surface states with an InP passivation shell. Optimal InP shell growth conditions and thickness to maximize the minority carrier lifetime are identified. The photoluminescence intensity of these passivated InGaAs nanowires is up to three orders of magnitude higher than that of their bare counterparts. Moreover, a long minority carrier lifetime of up to ≈13 ns is measured with these passivated nanowires at room temperature. Optimal passivation of InGaAs nanowires with an emission wavelength of 1530 nm results in an ultra‐low surface recombination velocity of ≈280 cm s −1 . In addition to the shell, the crystal structure of these nanowires plays an important role in the luminescence intensity. Combined cathodoluminescence mapping and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy along the nanowires reveal significantly lower emission intensities in wurtzite predominant sections of the nanowires than zinc blende predominant ones.These insights on the optimal passivation of InGaAs provide directions for engineering high‐performance nanoscale‐devices in the telecommunication wavelength.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 11-2017
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 07-12-2022
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-03-2021
DOI: 10.1002/JMV.26895
Abstract: Zinc inhibits replication of the SARS‐CoV virus. We aimed to evaluate the safety, feasibility, and biological effect of administering high‐dose intravenous zinc (HDIVZn) to patients with COVID‐19. We performed a Phase IIa double‐blind, randomized controlled trial to compare HDIVZn to placebo in hospitalized patients with COVID‐19. We administered trial treatment per day for a maximum of 7 days until either death or hospital discharge. We measured zinc concentration at baseline and during treatment and observed patients for any significant side effects. For eligible patients, we randomized and administered treatment to 33 adult participants to either HDIVZn ( n = 15) or placebo ( n = 18). We observed no serious adverse events throughout the study for a total of 94 HDIVZn administrations. However, three participants in the HDIVZn group reported infusion site irritation. Mean serum zinc on Day 1 in the placebo, and the HDIVZn group was 6.9 ± 1.1 and 7.7 ± 1.6 µmol/l, respectively, consistent with zinc deficiency. HDIVZn, but not placebo, increased serum zinc levels above the deficiency cutoff of 10.7 µmol/l ( p .001) on Day 6. Our study did not reach its target enrollment because stringent public health measures markedly reduced patient hospitalizations. Hospitalized COVID‐19 patients demonstrated zinc deficiency. This can be corrected with HDIVZn. Such treatment appears safe, feasible, and only associated with minimal peripheral infusion site irritation. This pilot study justifies further investigation of this treatment in COVID‐19 patients.
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 17-03-2014
DOI: 10.1063/1.4869295
Abstract: The radiative recombination coefficient B(T) in crystalline silicon is determined for the temperature range 90–363 K, and in particular from 270 to 350 K with an interval of 10 K, where only sparse data are available at present. The band-band absorption coefficient established recently by Nguyen et al. [J. Appl. Phys. 115, 043710 (2014)] via photoluminescence spectrum measurements is employed to compute the values of B(T) at various temperatures. The results agree very well with literature data from Trupke et al. [J. Appl. Phys. 94, 4930 (2003).] We present a polynomial parameterization describing the temperature dependence of the product of B(T) and the square of the intrinsic carrier density. We also find that B(T) saturates at a near constant value at room temperature and above for silicon s les with relatively low free carrier densities.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-12-2020
Abstract: Instability in perovskite solar cells is the main challenge for the commercialization of this solar technology. Here, a contactless, nondestructive approach is reported to study degradation across perovskite and perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. The technique employs spectrally and spatially resolved absorptivity at sub‐bandgap wavelengths of perovskite materials, extracted from their luminescence spectra. Parasitic absorption in other layers, carrier diffusion, and photon smearing phenomena are all demonstrated to have negligible effects on the extracted absorptivity. The absorptivity is demonstrated to reflect real degradation in the perovskite film and is much more robust and sensitive than its luminescence spectral peak position, representing its optical bandgap, and intensity. The technique is applied to study various common factors which induce and accelerate degradation in perovskite solar cells including air and heat exposure and light soaking. Finally, the technique is employed to extract the in idual absorptivity component from the perovskite layer in a monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem structure. The results demonstrate the value of this approach for monitoring degradation mechanisms in perovskite and perovskite/silicon tandem cells at early stages of degradation and various fabrication stages.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 31-03-2021
Abstract: Perovskite solar cells are a potential game changer for the photovoltaics industry, courtesy of their facile fabrication and high efficiency. Despite this, commercialization is being held back by poor stability. To become economically feasible for commercial production, perovskite solar cells must meet or exceed industry standards for operational lifetime and reliability. In this regard, mixed dimensional 2D‐3D perovskite solar cells, incorporating long carbon‐chain organic spacer cations, have shown promising results, with enhancement in both device efficiency and stability. Dimensional engineering of perovskite films requires a delicate balance of 2D and 3D perovskite composition to take advantage of the specific properties of each material phase. This review summarizes and assesses the current understanding, and apparent contradictions in the state‐of‐the‐art mixed dimensional perovskite solar cell literature regarding the origin of stability and performance enhancement. By combining and comparing results from experimental and theoretical studies it is focused on how the perovskite composition, film formation methods, additive and solvent engineering influence efficiency and stability, and identify future research directions to further improve both key performance metrics.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 09-10-2023
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-11-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2020
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 08-2022
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-2021
DOI: 10.1111/IMJ.15419
Abstract: The availability of efficacious systemic therapies for metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma has heralded improved survival for Australians. The Pharmaceutical Benefits Schedule registry was interrogated to assess nation‐wide prescribing patterns. Sunitinib remained the most commonly prescribed agent. Prescribing rates were significantly lower in Northern Territory than in other states, raising questions of disparities in access to care.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 17-01-2019
Abstract: We characterize and discuss the impact of hydrogenation on the performance of phosphorus-doped polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) films for passivating contact solar cells. Combining various characterization techniques including transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, low-temperature photoluminescence spectroscopy, quasi-steady-state photoconductance, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, we demonstrate that the hydrogen content inside the doped poly-Si layers can be manipulated to improve the quality of the passivating contact structures. After the hydrogenation process of poly-Si layers fabricated under different conditions, the effective lifetime and the implied open circuit voltage are improved for all investigated s les (up to 4.75 ms and 728 mV on 1 Ω cm n-type Si substrates). Notably, s les with very low initial passivation qualities show a dramatic improvement from 350 μs to 2.7 ms and from 668 to 722 mV.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2020
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 05-2018
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-03-2021
Abstract: There has been a growing body of evidence highlighting the improved sensitivity and specificity for prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET) in advanced prostate cancer imaging. We aimed to assess prostate cancer staging practice patterns in Australia using population‐based data. We extracted data on men diagnosed with prostate cancer between October 2016 and December 2018 from the Prostate Cancer Outcomes Registry‐Victoria (PCOR‐Vic). We evaluated trends and comparisons between patients receiving PET/CT (with or without conventional imaging (CImg)), and CImg alone, and analysed imaging modality as predictor of clinical regional node positive disease (cN1 vs cN0/X), metastatic disease (cM1 vs cM0/X), and treatment received. In total, 6139 patients in the registry had either a staging PET scan ( n = 889, 14%), CImg without PET scan ( n = 2464, 40%), or no recorded PET or CImg ( n = 2786, 45%). The proportion of allimaged patients who received staging PET increased from 19% to 36% from the first to last three‐month period, and in the high‐risk category the increase was 23–43%. After adjustment for grade group, PET vs CImg‐only patients were observed to have a higher proportion of cN1 disease (OR = 2.46, 95% CI: 1.90–3.20) but not cM1 disease (OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 0.84–1.44). Our registry data highlights the rapid uptake of PET imaging, particularly in high‐risk disease. Based on this data, we highlight the increased diagnosis of nodal disease, thus potentially optimizing patient selection prior to definitive treatment for prostate cancer.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-2019
DOI: 10.1111/CP.12185
Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Date: 12-01-2023
Abstract: Liquid methanol has the potential to be the hydrogen energy carrier and storage medium for the future green economy. However, there are still many challenges before zero-emission, affordable molecular H 2 can be extracted from methanol with high performance. Here, we present noble-metal-free Cu–WC/W plasmonic nanohybrids which exhibit unsurpassed solar H 2 extraction efficiency from pure methanol of 2,176.7 µmol g −1 h −1 at room temperature and normal pressure. Macro-to-micro experiments and simulations unveil that local reaction microenvironments are generated by the coperturbation of WC/W’s lattice strain and infrared-plasmonic electric field. It enables spontaneous but selective zero-emission reaction pathways. Such microenvironments are found to be highly cooperative with solar-broadband-plasmon-excited charge carriers flowing from Cu to WC surfaces for efficient stable CH 3 OH plasmonic reforming with C 3 -dominated liquid products and 100% selective gaseous H 2 . Such high efficiency, without any CO x emission, can be sustained for over a thousand-hour operation without obvious degradation.
Publisher: WIP
Date: 2020
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1039/C9TC05469C
Abstract: Precisely tuned trion ratios in monolayer WS 2 with improved electrical properties are achieved by QD modification, exhibiting potential optoelectronic applications.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-10-2020
DOI: 10.1002/PIP.3199
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 05-2017
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2022
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-06-2021
Abstract: Early prediction of spatially resolved performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is essential for process monitoring, control and fault diagnosis, and upscaling of this emerging technology. Herein, a fast, nonde structive, contactless imaging‐based approach is developed to visualize the spatial distribution of possible light current density−voltage (pseudo‐ J−V ) curves on finished and partly finished cells. This allows for the extraction of other critical spatially resolved properties including implied open‐circuit voltage and pseudo‐fill factor. The technique is applied to systematically investigate various degradation behaviors on PSCs including thermal stability, light soaking, and ambient air exposure. Finally, it is used to predict pseudo‐ J−V curves of various perovskite films with different compositions. These results demonstrate the significant value of this fast imaging technique for the research and development of PSCs ranging from material selection, process optimization, to degradation study.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 08-2023
Publisher: Korean Society for Sexual Medicine and Andrology
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.5534/WJMH.190166
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.JCIS.2021.12.131
Abstract: In this work, we unravel a facile solution-based method to prepare chromium germanium telluride, Cr
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-03-2021
DOI: 10.1002/BCO2.58
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2016
Publisher: WIP
Date: 2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-05-2022
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 10-2021
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1039/C7EE01096F
Abstract: Reducing interface recombination boosts the V oc for perovskite solar cells.
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 27-01-2014
DOI: 10.1063/1.4862912
Abstract: The band-band absorption coefficient in crystalline silicon has been determined using spectral photoluminescence measurements across the wavelength range of 990–1300 nm, and a parameterization of the temperature dependence has been established to allow interpolation of accurate values of the absorption coefficient for any temperature between 170 and 363 K. Band-band absorption coefficient measurements across a temperature range of 78–363 K are found to match well with previous results from MacFarlane et al. [Phys. Rev. 111, 1245 (1958)], and are extended to significantly longer wavelengths. In addition, we report the band-band absorption coefficient across the temperature range from 270–350 K with 10 K intervals, a range in which most practical silicon based devices operate, and for which there are only sparse data available at present. Moreover, the absorption coefficient is shown to vary by up to 50% for every 10 K increment around room temperature. Furthermore, the likely origins of the differences among the absorption coefficient of several commonly referenced works by Green [Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 92, 1305 (2008)], Daub and Würfel [Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 1020 (1995)], and MacFarlane et al. [Phys. Rev. 111, 1245 (1958)] are discussed.
Publisher: The Korean Urological Association
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.4111/ICU.20200176
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 03-2017
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 03-2021
Abstract: Transperineal biopsy is becoming more commonly used, driven by improved detection rates, better complication profile and increasing application of prostate MRI leading to guided biopsy. However, it can still lead to complications such as urinary retention, postoperative pain and erectile dysfunction. There is also a potential for adverse events such as severe infection, abscess and fistula. This article describes a case of an intrascrotal abscess post-transperineal biopsy, which required an orchidectomy.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-2017
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1039/C9CP03059J
Abstract: Halide perovskite materials are excellent light harvesters that have generated enormous interest for photovoltaic technology and an increasing number of other optoelectronic applications.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2022
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 12-2020
DOI: 10.1136/BMJOPEN-2020-040580
Abstract: SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has caused an international pandemic of respiratory illness, resulting in significant healthcare and economic turmoil. To date, no robust vaccine or treatment has been identified. Elemental zinc has previously been demonstrated to have beneficial effects on coronaviruses and other viral respiratory infections due to its effect on RNA polymerase. Additionally, zinc has well-demonstrated protective effects against hypoxic injury—a clear mechanism of end-organ injury in respiratory distress syndrome. We aimed to assess the effect of high-dose intravenous zinc (HDIVZn) on SARS-CoV-2 infection. The end of study analyses will evaluate the reduction of impact of oxygen saturations or requirement of oxygen supplementation. We designed a double-blind randomised controlled trial of daily HDIVZn (0.5 mg/kg) versus placebo. Primary outcome measures are lowest oxygen saturation (or greatest level of supplemental oxygenation) for non-ventilated patients and worst PaO 2 /FiO 2 for ventilated patients. Following power calculations, 60 hospitalised patients and 100 ventilated patients will be recruited to demonstrate a 20% difference. The duration of follow-up is up to the point of discharge. Ethical approval was obtained through the independent Human Research Ethics Committee. Participant recruitment will commence in May 2020. Results will be published in peer-reviewed medical journals. ACTRN126200000454976.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 08-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2023
DOI: 10.1016/J.UROLONC.2022.10.021
Abstract: Pathologic nodal invasion at prostatectomy is frequently associated with persistently elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and with increased risk of disease recurrence. Management strategies for these patients are poorly defined. We aimed to explore the long-term oncologic outcomes and patterns of disease progression. We included men treated between 2000 and 2017 who had lymph node invasion at radical prostatectomy and persistently detectable prostate-specific antigen post-prostatectomy. Postoperative imaging and management strategies were collated. Patterns of recurrence and probability of metastasis-free survival, prostate cancer-specific survival, and overall survival (OS) were assessed. Among our cohort of 253 patients, 126 developed metastasis. Twenty-five had a positive scan within 6 months of surgery of these, 15 (60%) had a nodal metastasis, 10 (40%) had a bone metastasis, and 4 (16%) had local recurrence. For metastasis-free survival, 5- and 10-year probabilities were 52% (95% CI 45%, 58%) and 37% (95% CI 28%, 46%), respectively. For prostate cancer-specific survival, 5- and 10-year probabilities were 89% (95% CI 84%, 93%) and 67% (95% CI 57%, 76%), respectively. A total of 221 patients proceeded to hormonal deprivation treatment alone. Ten patients received postoperative radiotherapy. Biochemical persistence in patients with lymph node invasion is associated with high risk of disease progression and reduced prostate cancer-specific survival. Management was hindered by the limitation of imaging modalities utilized during the study period in accurately detecting residual disease. Novel molecular imaging may improve staging and help design a therapeutic strategy adapted to patients' specific needs.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 28-04-2021
Publisher: WIP
Date: 2020
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 11-02-2015
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.JPCLETT.5B00044
Abstract: Spectrally resolved photoluminescence is used to measure the band-to-band absorption coefficient α(BB)(ℏω) of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite methylammonium lead iodide (CH₃NH₃PbI₃) films from 675 to 1400 nm. Unlike other methods used to extract the absorption coefficient, photoluminescence is only affected by band-to-band absorption and is capable of detecting absorption events at very low energy levels. Absorption coefficients as low as 10⁻¹⁴ cm⁻¹ are detected at room temperature for long wavelengths, which is 14 orders of magnitude lower than reported values at shorter wavelengths. The temperature dependence of α(BB)(ℏω) is calculated from the photoluminescence spectra of CH₃NH₃PbI₃ in the temperature range 80-360 K. Based on the temperature-dependent α(BB)(ℏω), the product of the radiative recombination coefficient and square of the intrinsic carrier density, B(T) × n(i)², is also obtained.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 26-11-2019
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-06-2021
DOI: 10.1111/BCP.14826
Abstract: An outbreak of a novel coronavirus (COVID‐19 or 2019‐CoV) infection has posed significant threats to international health and the economy. Patients with COVID‐19 are at risk of cytokine storm, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), reduced blood oxygenation, mechanical ventilation, and a high death rate. Although recent studies have shown remdesivir and dexamethasone as treatment options, there is an urgent need to find a treatment to inhibit virus replication and to control the progression of the disease. Essential biometal zinc has generated a lot of excitement as one of the promising candidates to reduce the severity of COVID‐19 infection. Several published observations outlined in the review are the reasons why there is a global enthusiasm that zinc therapy could be a possible therapeutic option. However, the biggest challenge in realising the therapeutic value of zinc is lack of optimal treatment modalities such as dose, duration of zinc supplementation and the mode of delivery. In this review, we discuss the regulatory mechanism that hinges upon the bioavailability of zinc. Finally, we propose that intravenous zinc could circumvent the confounding factors affecting the bioavailability of zinc and allow zinc to achieve its therapeutic potential. If successful, due to advantages such as lack of toxicity, low cost and ease of availability, intravenous zinc could be rapidly implemented clinically.
Publisher: WIP
Date: 2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-08-2018
Abstract: The fundamental light-matter interactions in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides might be significantly engineered by hybridization with their organic counterparts, enabling intriguing optoelectronic applications. Here, atomically thin organic-inorganic (O-I) heterostructures, comprising monolayer MoSe
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-11-2018
DOI: 10.1002/PIP.2964
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2022
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 13-07-2015
DOI: 10.1063/1.4926360
Abstract: We report the detection of laser-induced damage in laser-doped layers at the surface of crystalline silicon wafers, via micron-scale photoluminescence spectroscopy. The properties of the sub-band-gap emission from the induced defects are found to match the emission characteristics of dislocations. Courtesy of the high spatial resolution of the micro-photoluminescence spectroscopy technique, micron-scale variations in the extent of damage at the edge of the laser-doped region can be detected, providing a powerful tool to study and optimize laser-doping processes for silicon photovoltaics.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-03-2021
DOI: 10.1002/PIP.3411
Abstract: Crystallographic structures, optoelectronic properties, and nanoscale surface morphologies of ex situ phosphorus‐doped polycrystalline silicon (poly‐Si)/SiO x passivating contacts, formed by different deposition methods (sputtering, plasma‐enhanced chemical vapour deposition [PECVD], and low‐pressure chemical vapour deposition [LPCVD]), are investigated and compared. Across all these deposition technologies, we noted the same trend: higher diffusion temperatures yield films that are more crystalline but that have rougher surface morphologies due to bigger surface crystal grains. Also, the recrystallization process of the as‐deposited Si films starts from the SiO x interface, rather than from the film surface and bulk. However, there are some distinct differences among these technologies. First, the LPCVD method yields the lowest deposition rate, roughest surfaces, and smallest degree of crystallinity on finished poly‐Si films. In contrast, the PECVD method has the highest deposition rate and smoothest surfaces for both as‐deposited Si and annealed poly‐Si films. Second, as‐deposited sputtered and PECVD Si films contain only an amorphous phase, whereas as‐deposited LPCVD films already has some crystalline phase. Third, the LPCVD phosphorus in‐diffusion into the substrate depends strongly on the initial film thickness, whereas for the other two methods, it is weakly dependent on thickness. Finally, the passivation quality of every poly‐Si film type has different responses to the film thickness and diffusion temperature, suggesting that the ex situ doping optimization should be performed independently.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 20-06-2021
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-10-2021
DOI: 10.1002/PIP.3498
Abstract: Hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are one of the most promising candidates for next generation photovoltaics. Further improvement in their performance, particularly efficiency, durability and reproducibility, requires a deep understanding of recombination losses during fabrication and within a device itself. In this work, we report a contactless, imaging‐based procedure to spatially resolve electronic properties of PSCs including implied open‐circuit voltage ( iV oc ) and its temperature coefficient, ideality factor ( n id ) and activation energy of recombination ( E A ) by employing illumination intensity and temperature‐dependent photoluminescence. The illumination intensity dependence of iV oc allows the extraction of n id whereas its temperature dependence allows the extraction of the temperature coefficient and E A . This imaging approach is then applied to investigate changes of these electronic parameters on fully and partially fabricated devices.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2021
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 06-2015
DOI: 10.1063/1.4923379
Abstract: We analyze the uncertainty of the coefficient of band-to-band absorption of crystalline silicon. For this purpose, we determine the absorption coefficient at room temperature (295 K) in the wavelength range from 250 to 1450 nm using four different measurement methods. The data presented in this work derive from spectroscopic ellipsometry, measurements of reflectance and transmittance, spectrally resolved luminescence measurements and spectral responsivity measurements. A systematic measurement uncertainty analysis based on the Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM) as well as an extensive characterization of the measurement setups are carried out for all methods. We determine relative uncertainties of the absorption coefficient of 0.4% at 250 nm, 11% at 600 nm, 1.4% at 1000 nm, 12% at 1200 nm and 180% at 1450 nm. The data are consolidated by intercomparison of results obtained at different institutions and using different measurement approaches.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-02-2021
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 10-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2021
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-2017
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Date: 22-01-2021
Abstract: In perovskite solar cells, the insulating nature of passivation layers needed to boost open-circuit voltage also increases the series resistance of the cell and limits the fill factor. Most improvements in power conversion efficiency have come from higher open-circuit voltage, with most fill factor improvements reported for very small-area cells. Peng et al. used a nanostructured titanium oxide electron transport layer to boost the fill factor of larger-area cells (1 square centimeter) to 0.84 by creating local regions with high conductivity. Science , this issue p. 390
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 06-11-2020
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 09-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-07-2019
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-019-46986-Z
Abstract: We develop a photoluminescence-based technique to determine dopant profiles of localized boron-diffused regions in silicon wafers and solar cell precursors employing two excitation wavelengths. The technique utilizes a strong dependence of room-temperature photoluminescence spectra on dopant profiles of diffused layers, courtesy of bandgap narrowing effects in heavily-doped silicon, and different penetration depths of the two excitation wavelengths in silicon. It is fast, contactless, and nondestructive. The measurements are performed at room temperature with micron-scale spatial resolution. We apply the technique to reconstruct dopant profiles of a large-area (1 cm × 1 cm) boron-diffused s le and heavily-doped regions (30 μm in diameter) of passivated-emitter rear localized-diffused solar cell precursors. The reconstructed profiles are confirmed with the well-established electrochemical capacitance voltage technique. The developed technique could be useful for determining boron dopant profiles in small doped features employed in both photovoltaic and microelectronic applications.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 05-2016
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 20-06-2021
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 03-10-2022
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-05-2019
Abstract: One of the most fundamental parameters of any photovoltaic material is its quasi-Fermi level splitting (∆µ) under illumination. This quantity represents the maximum open-circuit voltage (V
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-04-2021
DOI: 10.1007/S00345-021-03691-9
Abstract: To review the evolution of female continence surgical practice in Australia over the last 20 years and observe whether vaginal mesh controversies impacted these trends. From January 2000 to December 2019, medicare benefit schedule codes for female continence procedures were identified and extracted for: mesh sling, fascial sling, bulking agent, female urethral prosthesis, colposuspension, and removal of sling. Population-adjusted incidences per 100,000 persons were calculated using publicly available demographic data. Three discrete phases were defined over the study time frame for analysis: 2000-2006 2006-2017, and 2017-2019. Interrupted time-series analyses were conducted to assess for impact on incidence at 2006 and 2017. There were 119,832 continence procedures performed in Australia from 2000 to 2019, with the mid-urethral sling (MUS) the most common (72%). The majority of mesh (n = 63,668, 73%) and fascial sling (n = 1864, 70%) procedures were in women aged < 65 years. Rates of mesh-related procedures steeply declined after 2017 (initial change: -21 cases per 100,000 subsequent rate change: -12 per 100,000, p < 0.001). Non-mesh related/bulking agents increased from + 0.34 during 2006-2017 to + 2.1 per 100,000 after 2017 (p < 0.001). No significant change in mesh extraction was observed over 2006-2017 (+ 0.06 per 100,000, p = 0.192). There was a significant increase in mesh extraction procedures after 2017 (0.83 per 100,000, p < 0.001). Worldwide, controversy surrounding vaginal mesh had a significant impact on Australian continence surgery trends. The most standout trends were observed after the 2017 Australian class-action lawsuit and Senate Inquiry.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-06-2023
DOI: 10.1002/BCO2.268
Abstract: To review the management of patients with neurogenic bladder undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) at our institution with the aim of assessing peri‐operative morbidity. We conducted a retrospective review of all neurogenic bladder patients who underwent PCNL at our hospital in the last decade with the aim of assessing peri‐operative morbidity. A total of 298 PCNL were performed during the study period of which 58 were in patients with a neurogenic bladder or urinary ersion, 33 of which were in SCI patients. Preoperative demographic and stone characteristics, intraoperative data and postoperative length of stay and complications are summarised in table form. PCNL remains an acceptably safe and efficacious treatment for upper tract stone disease in patients with neurogenic bladders and will continue to have a valuable role where SCI prevents alternative approaches such as ureteroscopy.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-06-2020
DOI: 10.1111/BJU.15098
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-02-2022
DOI: 10.1002/BCO2.140
Abstract: From 1 July 2018, the Australian Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) introduced rebates for multi‐parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) for the workup for prostate cancer (PCa). We aimed to determine if subsidisation of mpMRI prior to transperineal biopsy altered our institution's prostate biopsy practice patterns and outcomes. All patients who underwent transperineal prostate biopsy at an Australian tertiary institution from 1 January 2017 to 1 January 2020 were identified. Patients with known PCa were excluded. Patients were stratified into two groups: a pre‐subsidisation cohort comprising patients biopsied prior to the introduction of mpMRI subsidisation on 1 July 2018 and a post‐subsidisation cohort comprising patients biopsied after 1 July 2018. Histopathological results were compared with further stratification based on mpMRI results. Clinically significant cancer was defined as ISUP Grade Group ≥ 2. Six hundred and fifty men fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Three hundred and sixty‐one patients were in the pre‐subsidisation cohort and 289 in the post‐subsidisation cohort. Of the patients in the pre‐subsidisation group, 36.3% underwent a pre‐biopsy mpMRI compared with 77.5% in the post‐subsidisation group. Of the patients in the pre‐subsidisation group, 59.6% had positive biopsies ( p = 0.024) compared with 68.2% in the post‐subsidisation group. The rate of clinically significant PCa was lower in the pre‐subsidisation group (39.1%) compared with the post‐subsidisation (49.5%, p = 0.008). The negative predictive value of mpMRI for clinically significant PCa was 86.5%. Our institution experienced a reduction of negative prostate biopsies and an increase in clinically significant PCa within transperineal biopsy specimens after the Australian healthcare system introduced financial subsidisation of mpMRI.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2021
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 13-05-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-11-2021
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 08-2017
Abstract: Perovskite material with a bandgap of 1.7-1.8 eV is highly desirable for the top cell in a tandem configuration with a lower bandgap bottom cell, such as a silicon cell. This can be achieved by alloying iodide and bromide anions, but light-induced phase-segregation phenomena are often observed in perovskite films of this kind, with implications for solar cell efficiency. Here, we investigate light-induced phase segregation inside quadruple-cation perovskite material in a complete cell structure and find that the magnitude of this phenomenon is dependent on the operating condition of the solar cell. Under short-circuit and even maximum power point conditions, phase segregation is found to be negligible compared to the magnitude of segregation under open-circuit conditions. In accordance with the finding, perovskite cells based on quadruple-cation perovskite with 1.73 eV bandgap retain 94% of the original efficiency after 12 h operation at the maximum power point, while the cell only retains 82% of the original efficiency after 12 h operation at the open-circuit condition. This result highlights the need to have standard methods including light/dark and bias condition for testing the stability of perovskite solar cells. Additionally, phase segregation is observed when the cell was forward biased at 1.2 V in the dark, which indicates that photoexcitation is not required to induce phase segregation.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2016
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 17-02-2021
DOI: 10.1155/2021/6686803
Abstract: Introduction & Objectives. Contrast media (CM) causes renal injury through both direct cellular injury (cytotoxicity) and regional vascular changes (renal hypoxia) mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Zinc may be able to provide protection against CM-induced cytotoxicity due to its indirect antioxidant properties and subsequent effect on ROS. We aimed to determine the protective role of zinc preconditioning against contrast-induced renal injury in vitro. Methods. Normal human proximal renal kidney cells (HK-2) were preconditioned with either increasing doses of ZnCl2 or control. Following this preconditioning, cells were exposed to increasing concentrations of Iohexol 300 mg I2/ml for four hours. Key outcome measures included cell survival (MTT colorimetric assay) and ROS generation (H2DCFDA fluorescence assay). Results. Contrast media induced a dose-dependent reduction in survival of HK-2 cells. Compared to control, contrast media at 150, 225, and 300 mg I2/ml resulted in 69.5% (SD 8.8%), 37.3% (SD 4.8%), and 4.8% (SD 6.6%) cell survival, respectively ( p 0.001 ). Preconditioning with 37.5 μM and 50 μM ZnCl2 increased cell survival by 173% (SD 27.8%) ( p 0.001 ) and 219% (SD 32.2%) ( p 0.001 ), respectively, compared to control preconditioning. Zinc preconditioning resulted in a reduction of ROS generation. Zinc pre-conditioning with 37.5 μM μM ZnCl2 reduced ROS generation by 46% ( p 0.001 ) compared to control pre-conditioning. Conclusions. Zinc preconditioning reduces oxidative stress following exposure to radiographic contrast media which in turn results in increased survival of renal cells. Translation of this in vitro finding in animal models will lay the foundation for future use of zinc preconditioning against contrast induced nephropathy.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2019
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 16-10-2018
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 20-06-2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2016
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 07-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2021
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 11-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-10-2020
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2023
DOI: 10.1039/D3NH00348E
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-04-2022
DOI: 10.1002/BCO2.151
Abstract: To determine whether any specific histologic subtype of prostate cancer was preferentially represented in pelvic lymph node metastases identified on 68 GA‐PSMA‐PET/CT. A consecutive series of 66 men with biochemical recurrent prostate cancer was evaluated with 68 GA‐PSMA‐PET/CT. Where disease was confined to pelvic lymph nodes, patients were offered salvage extended pelvic lymph node dissection. Twenty patients ultimately proceeded to extended bilateral template pelvic lymph node dissection. Lymph node positivity and the histologic subtype of apparent cancer were assessed, as was PSA response to this intervention. Mean PSA at time of PSMA scanning for patients undergoing lymphadenectomy was 2.49 ( n = 20, range 0.21–12.0). In 16 of 20 patients, there was evidence of metastatic cribriform pattern prostate cancer in excised nodes (100% cribriform pattern in 11/16). Only four of 20 patients had no evidence of this histologic subtype of disease. PSA response was not related to the presence or proportional amount of cribriform pattern disease identified. Cribriform pattern adenocarcinoma appears to be the histologic subtype preferentially identified in pelvic lymph nodes on 68 GA‐PSMA‐PET/CT. The use of PSMA‐PET may be particularly valuable in staging of primary or biochemically recurrent prostate cancer in patients with cribriform pattern disease detected on initial biopsy or radical prostatectomy. Further research is required to further confirm the observed association.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-04-2022
DOI: 10.1111/ANS.17646
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-08-2022
Abstract: High bandgap perovskite solar cells are integral to perovskite‐based multi‐junction tandem solar cells with efficiency potentials over 40%. However, at present, high bandgap perovskite devices underperform compared to their mid bandgap counterparts in terms of voltage outputs and fill factors resulting in lower than ideal efficiencies. Here, the low fill factor aspect of high bandgap perovskite is addressed by developing a cation‐diffusion‐based double‐sided interface passivation scheme that simultaneously provides bulk passivation for a 1.75 eV perovskite cell that is also compatible with a p‐i‐n cell architecture. The ch ion cell achieves a record fill factor of 86.5% and a power conversion efficiency of 20.2%. Results of ionic distribution profiling, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffraction crystallography reveal evidence of cation diffusion from the surface perovskite passivation layer into bulk. The diffused cations reduce Shockley–Read–Hall recombination in the perovskite bulk and at the surfaces with the latter being more dominant as confirmed by light‐intensity dependent and temperature‐dependent open‐circuit voltage measurements as well as thermal admittance spectroscopy. This concurrent bulk and surface passivation scheme renders record fill factor and efficiency in the double‐side passivated cells. This provides new insights for future passivation strategies based on ionic diffusion of functionalized materials.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2023
DOI: 10.1039/D2YA00218C
Abstract: Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are studied in low-intensity low-temperature (LILT) conditions before and after low energy proton irradiation to characterize device performance at deep space mission-relevant light intensities and temperatures.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-03-2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-10-2022
Abstract: Atomically thin two‐dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are promising materials for photovoltaic (PV) applications. Their self‐terminated nature and strong absorption characteristics introduce an unprecedented possibility for high voltages to bandgap ratios, with secondary benefits including the potential for high internal quantum efficiencies/low recombination and strong absorption coefficients coupled with stability in a range of environments. However, despite the promise of such material systems, their PV performances still lag behind the conventional 3D materials. In principle, one possible way to manipulate the behavior of a 2D heterobilayer structure is to change its interlayer twist angle. In this study, the effects of twist angle between vertically stacked type‐II MoS 2 /WS 2 heterobilayers on fundamental optical properties such as light absorbance, excess carrier lifetime, and diffusion are reported. These properties can have a direct effect on the final PV performance of these heterobilayers. It is found that the interlayer twist in MoS 2 /WS 2 heterobilayers does not affect their absorbance. However, the carrier lifetime and photon emission across the heterobilayers are modulated with the interlayer twist. These findings could be useful to facilitate the optimization of monolayer TMD‐based optoelectronic devices.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-08-2021
Abstract: Dimensional engineering of perovskite films is a promising pathway to improve the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this context, surface or bulk passivation of defects in 3D perovskite film by careful introduction of 2D perovskite plays a key role. Here the authors demonstrate a 2D perovskite passivation scheme based on octylammonium chloride, and show that it provides both bulk and surface passivation of 1.6 eV bandgap 3D perovskite film for highly efficient (≈23.62%) PSCs with open‐circuit voltages up to 1.24 V. Surface and depth‐resolved microscopy and spectroscopy analysis reveal that the Cl − anion diffuses into the perovskite bulk, passivating defects, while the octylammonium ligands provide effective, localized surface passivation. The authors find that the Cl − diffusion into the perovskite lattice is independent of the 2D perovskite crystallization process and occurs rapidly during deposition of the 2D precursor solution. The annealing‐induced evaporation of Cl from bulk perovskite is also inhibited in 2D–3D perovskite film as compared to pristine 3D perovskite, ensuring effective bulk passivation in the relevant film.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2015
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 02-04-2021
Publisher: WIP
Date: 2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2016
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2019
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-01-2023
Abstract: Photoelectrochemical water splitting is a promising approach to produce green hydrogen using solar energy. A primary bottleneck remains the lack of efficient photoanodes to catalyze the sluggish water photooxidation reaction. Engineering photoabsorbers with a narrow bandgap and suitable band edge can boost the photoelectrochemical performance. Herein, nanostructured iron tungstate (FeWO 4 ) photoanodes are engineered directly on a fluorine doped tin oxide glass substrate via a scalable and ultra‐fast flame synthesis route in 13 seconds. Physiochemical, optoelectronic, and electrochemical properties of these photoanodes are systematically investigated. The key roles of charge transport, transfer, and dissolution of W and Fe ions from the FeWO 4 matrix within long‐term performance are revealed. Optimal FeWO 4 photoanode with a bandgap of 1.82 eV and a FeOOH/NiOOH co‐catalyst coating shows an improved water photooxidation performance, reaching a photocurrent density of 0.23 mA cm −2 at 1.4 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode in 1 m potassium hydroxide. It further demonstrates relatively good photostability, maintaining ≈96% of photocurrent density after 1‐hour continuous photooxidation, albeit some trace of Fe, W and Ni elements dissolution. Insights on the photooxidation performance of nanostructured FeWO 4 provide promising directions for the engineering of small band‐gap catalysts for a variety of photoelectrochemical applications.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2016
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-06-2022
DOI: 10.1111/BJU.15821
Abstract: To provide a comprehensive narrative review of the published data on the impact of hydrogel spacers on rectal dosimetry and toxicity and to outline the practicalities of inserting hydrogel spacers. A growing body of evidence suggests that the administration of hydrogel spacers is safe and is associated with limited peri-operative morbidity. The impact on rectal dosimetry has been clearly established and use of hydrogel spacers is associated with reduced rectal morbidity. These results have been corroborated by several Phase II and III clinical trials and subsequent meta-analysis. There are several areas for future research, including the role of hydrogel spacers in prostate stereotactic beam radiotherapy and post-radiotherapy local recurrence. Hydrogel spacers provide a low-morbidity method to potential reduce rectal toxicity after radiation therapy in men with prostate cancer. Data outlining sexual function and oncological outcomes are limited to date. Future studies, currently being conducted, may provide further clarification of the role of hydrogel spacers in prostate cancer management.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1039/C8NR08728H
Abstract: The interlayer interactions and coupling of mTMD–metal junction determine the performance of the corresponding optoelectronic devices.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 03-2017
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 29-05-2019
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.NANOLETT.9B00959
Abstract: We report multiwavelength single InGaAs/InP quantum well nanowire light-emitting diodes grown by metal organic chemical vapor deposition using selective area epitaxy technique and reveal the complex origins of their electroluminescence properties. We observe that the single InGaAs/InP quantum well embedded in the nanowire consists of three components with different chemical compositions, axial quantum well, ring quantum well, and radial quantum well, leading to the electroluminescence emission with multiple wavelengths. The electroluminescence measurements show a strong dependence on current injection levels as well as temperatures and these are explained by interpreting the equivalent circuits in a minimized area of the device. It is also found that the electroluminescence properties are closely related to the distinctive triangular morphology with an inclined facet of the quantum well nanowire. Our study provides important new insights for further design, growth, and fabrication of high-performance quantum well-based nanowire light sources for a wide range of future optoelectronic and photonic applications.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-02-2022
DOI: 10.1002/PIP.3544
Abstract: This work compares the firing response of ex‐situ doped p‐ and n‐type polysilicon (poly‐Si) passivating contacts and identifies possible mechanisms underlying their distinct firing behavior. The p‐type poly‐Si shows greater firing stability than n‐type poly‐Si, particularly at a higher firing temperature, which results in a substantial increase in the recombination current density parameter J 0 from 9 to 96 fA/cm 2 upon firing at 900°C for n‐type poly‐Si, in comparison to an increase from 11 to 30 fA/cm 2 for p‐type poly‐Si. It is observed that p‐type poly‐Si contacts only suffer a slight degradation or even exhibit a small improvement in J 0 after firing at 800°C, depending on the boron diffusion temperature. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) results demonstrate that the hydrogen concentration near the interfacial SiO x increases with the peak firing temperature in n‐type poly‐Si, whereas the hydrogen profile remains unchanged for p‐type poly‐Si upon firing at various temperatures. Moreover, we observe that injecting additional hydrogen into the poly‐Si/SiO x stacks fired with SiN x coating layers further degrades n‐type poly‐Si, but recovers the J 0 of p‐type poly‐Si to the value before firing. In contrast, removing hydrogen from the fired poly‐Si/SiO x stacks leads to an initial recovery and then a second degradation of J 0 in n‐type poly‐Si, but no substantial impact on p‐type poly‐Si. It is hypothesized that the distinct difference in the firing impact on p‐ and n‐type poly‐Si is related to the different effective hydrogen diffusivity, which determines the hydrogen content surrounding the SiO x layer and hence the passivation quality after firing.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-10-2021
Abstract: A doping technique for p‐type poly‐Si/SiOx passivating contacts using a spin‐on method for different mixtures of Ga and B glass solutions is presented. Effects of solution mixing ratios on the contact performance (implied open circuit voltage iV oc , contact resistivity ρ c ) are investigated. For all as‐annealed s les at different drive‐in temperatures, increasing the percentage of Ga in the solution shows a decrement in iV oc (from ∼680 to ∼610 mV) and increment in ρ c (from ∼3 to ∼800 mΩ cm 2 ). After a hydrogenation treatment by depositing a SiN x /AlO x stack followed by forming gas annealing, all s les show improved iVoc (∼700 mV with Ga‐B co‐doped, and ∼720 mV with all Ga). Interestingly, when co‐doping Ga with B, even a small amount of B in the mixing solution shows negative effects on the surface passivation. Active and total dopant profiles obtained by electrical capacitance voltage and secondary‐ion mass spectrometry measurements, respectively, reveal a relatively low percentage of electrically‐active Ga and B in the poly‐Si and Si layers. These results help understand the different features of the two dopants: a low ρ c with B, a good passivation with Ga, their degree of activation inside the poly‐Si and Si layers, and the annealing effects.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-03-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-12-2023
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-07-2016
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-10-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2023
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 03-10-2018
Abstract: III-V semiconductor multi-quantum-well nanowires (MQW NWs) via selective-area epitaxy (SAE) is of great importance for the development of nanoscale light-emitting devices for applications such as optical communication, silicon photonics, and quantum computing. To achieve highly efficient light-emitting devices, not only the high-quality materials but also a deep understanding of their growth mechanisms and material properties (structural, optical, and electrical) are extremely critical. In particular, the three-dimensional growth mechanism of MQWs embedded in a NW structure by SAE is expected to be different from that of those grown in a planar structure or with a catalyst and has not yet been thoroughly investigated. In this work, we reveal a distinctive radial growth evolution of InGaAs/InP MQW NWs grown by the SAE metal organic vapor-phase epitaxy (MOVPE) technique. We observe the formation of zinc blende (ZB) QW discs induced by the axial InGaAs QW growth on the wurtzite (WZ) base-InP NW and propose it as the key factor driving the overall structure of radial growth. The role of the ZB-to-WZ change in the driving of the overall growth evolution is supported by a growth formalism, taking into account the formation-energy difference between different facets. Despite a polytypic crystal structure with mixed ZB and WZ phases across the MQW region, the NWs exhibit high uniformity and desirable QW spatial layout with bright room-temperature photoluminescence at an optical communication wavelength of ∼1.3 μm, which is promising for the future development of high-efficiency light-emitting devices.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-12-2019
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 08-06-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2017
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 20-07-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2015
Location: United States of America
Start Date: 07-2023
End Date: 06-2026
Amount: $798,379.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded Activity