ORCID Profile
0000-0003-4744-6627
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Geochemistry | Mineralogy and Crystallography | Geology | Inorganic Geochemistry | Geochemistry not elsewhere classified | Isotope Geochemistry | Palaeontology (incl. Palynology) | Archaeological Science | Oceanography not elsewhere classified | Chemical Oceanography | Structural Biology (incl. Macromolecular Modelling) | Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology | Organic Geochemistry
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Expanding Knowledge in the Earth Sciences | Mineral Exploration not elsewhere classified | Ecosystem Adaptation to Climate Change | Ecosystem Assessment and Management of Coastal and Estuarine Environments | Climate Change Adaptation Measures | Aquaculture Molluscs (excl. Oysters) | Climate and Climate Change not elsewhere classified | Expanding Knowledge in the Chemical Sciences | Understanding Australia's Past | Expanding Knowledge in the Biological Sciences |
Related Links
Publications
Terpenoid composition and origin of amber from the Cape York Peninsula, Australia
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-10-2014
Recycling plus: A new recipe for the formation of Alpine–Himalayan orogenic mantle lithosphere
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2013
Growth dynamics and amorphous-to-crystalline phase transformation in natural nacre
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-04-2023
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-023-37814-0
Abstract: Biominerals, such as nacreous bivalve shells, are important archives of environmental information. Most marine calcifiers form their shells from amorphous calcium carbonate, hypothesised to occur via particle attachment and stepwise crystallisation of metastable precursor phases. However, the mechanism of this transformation, including the incorporation of trace elements used for environmental reconstructions, are poorly constrained. Here, using shells of the Mediterranean mussel, we explore the formation of nacre from the meso- to the atomic scale. We use a combination of strontium pulse-chase labelling experiments in aquaculture and correlated micro- to sub-nanoscale analysis to show that nacre grows in a dynamic two-step process with extensional and space-filling growth components. Furthermore, we show that nacre crystallizes via localised dissolution and reprecipitation within nanogranules. Our findings elucidate how stepwise crystallization pathways affect trace element incorporation in natural biominerals, while preserving their intricate hierarchical ultrastructure.
Goldschmidt Abstracts 2009 – B
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2009
The composition of near-solidus melts of peridotite in the presence of CO2 and H2O between 40 and 60 kbar
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2009
Akoya cultured pearl farming in eastern Australia
Publisher: Gemological Institute of America
Date: 02-2017
Hydrogen bonding induced distortion of CO3units and kinetic stabilization of amorphous calcium carbonate: results from 2D13C NMR spectroscopy
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C6CP02729F
Abstract: The structure of amorphous calcium carbonate consists of a uniform spatial disposition of H 2 O molecules around the CO 3 units, forming a hydrogen-bonded amorphous network that is stabilized against crystallization by steric frustration.
Architecture of crossed-lamellar bivalve shells
Publisher: The Royal Society
Date: 09-2017
DOI: 10.1098/RSOS.170622
Abstract: Tridacna derasa shells show a crossed lamellar microstructure consisting of three hierarchical lamellar structural orders. The mineral part is intimately intergrown with 0.9 wt% organics, namely polysaccharides, glycosylated and unglycosylated proteins and lipids, identified by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. Transmission electron microscopy shows nanometre-sized grains with irregular grain boundaries and abundant voids. Twinning is observed across all spatial scales and results in a spread of the crystal orientation angles. Electron backscatter diffraction analysis shows a strong fibre texture with the [001] axes of aragonite aligned radially to the shell surface. The aragonitic [100] and [010] axes are oriented randomly around [001]. The random orientation of anisotropic crystallographic directions in this plane reduces anisotropy of the Young's modulus and adds to the optimization of mechanical properties of bivalve shells.
Laser-ablation ICP-MS analysis of siliceous rock glasses fused on an iridium strip heater using MgO dilution
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 31-07-2007
Major- and trace-elements in cratonic mantle eclogites and pyroxenites reveal heterogeneous sources and metamorphic processing of low-pressure protoliths
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2016
Evolution of the Archaean crust by delamination and shallow subduction
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2003
DOI: 10.1038/NATURE01319
Fe-rich Dunite Xenoliths from South African Kimberlites: Cumulates from Karoo Flood Basalts
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 03-04-2007
Protogenetic sulfide inclusions in diamonds date the diamond formation event using Re-Os isotopes
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Date: 22-04-2021
DOI: 10.1130/G48651.1
Abstract: Sulfides are the most abundant inclusions in diamonds and a key tool for dating diamond formation via Re-Os isotopic analyses. The manner in which fluids invade the continental lithospheric mantle and the time scale at which they equilibrate with preexisting (protogenetic) sulfides are poorly understood yet essential factors to understanding diamond formation and the validity of isotopic ages. We investigated a suite of sulfide-bearing diamonds from two Canadian cratons to test the robustness of Re-Os in sulfide for dating diamond formation. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) allowed determination of the original monosulfide solid-solution (Mss) composition stable in the mantle, indicating subsolidus conditions of encapsulation, and providing crystallographic evidence supporting a protogenetic origin of the inclusions. The results, coupled with a diffusion model, indicate Re-Os isotope equilibration is sufficiently fast in sulfide inclusions with typical grain size, at mantle temperatures, for the system to be reset by the diamond-forming event. This confirms that even if protogenetic, the Re-Os isochrons defined by these minerals likely reflect the ages of diamond formation, and this result highlights the power of this system to date the timing of fluid migration in mantle lithosphere.
The nano- and meso-scale structure of amorphous calcium carbonate
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-04-2022
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-022-10627-9
Abstract: Understanding the underlying processes of biomineralization is crucial to a range of disciplines allowing us to quantify the effects of climate change on marine organisms, decipher the details of paleoclimate records and advance the development of biomimetic materials. Many biological minerals form via intermediate amorphous phases, which are hard to characterize due to their transient nature and a lack of long-range order. Here, using Monte Carlo simulations constrained by X-ray and neutron scattering data together with model building, we demonstrate a method for determining the structure of these intermediates with a study of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) which is a precursor in the bio-formation of crystalline calcium carbonates. We find that ACC consists of highly ordered anhydrous nano-domains of approx. 2 nm that can be described as nanocrystalline. These nano-domains are held together by an interstitial net-like matrix of water molecules which generate, on the mesoscale, a heterogeneous and gel-like structure of ACC. We probed the structural stability and dynamics of our model on the nanosecond timescale by molecular dynamics simulations. These simulations revealed a gel-like and glassy nature of ACC due to the water molecules and carbonate ions in the interstitial matrix featuring pronounced orientational and translational flexibility. This allows for viscous mobility with diffusion constants four to five orders of magnitude lower than those observed in solutions. Small and ultra-small angle neutron scattering indicates a hierarchically-ordered organization of ACC across length scales that allow us, based on our nano-domain model, to build a comprehensive picture of ACC formation by cluster assembly from solution. This contribution provides a new atomic-scale understanding of ACC and provides a framework for the general exploration of biomineralization and biomimetic processes.
Low Ni olivine in silica-undersaturated ultrapotassic igneous rocks as evidence for carbonate metasomatism in the mantle
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2016
Anatectic amphibole and restitic garnet in Variscan migmatite from NE Sardinia, Italy: insights into partial melting from mineral trace elements
Publisher: Schweizerbart
Date: 03-07-2014
Melting and dynamic metasomatism of mixed harzburgite + glimmerite mantle source: Implications for the genesis of orogenic potassic magmas
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2017
Nanoscale deformation mechanics reveal resilience in nacre of Pinna nobilis shell
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-10-2019
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-019-12743-Z
Abstract: The combination of soft nanoscale organic components with inorganic nanograins hierarchically designed by natural organisms results in highly ductile structural materials that can withstand mechanical impact and exhibit high resilience on the macro- and nano-scale. Our investigation of nacre deformation reveals the underlying nanomechanics that govern the structural resilience and absorption of mechanical energy. Using high-resolution scanning/transmission electron microscopy (S/TEM) combined with in situ indentation, we observe nanoscale recovery of heavily deformed nacre that restores its mechanical strength on external stimuli up to 80% of its yield strength. Under compression, nacre undergoes deformation of nanograins and non-destructive locking across organic interfaces such that adjacent inorganic tablets structurally join. The locked tablets respond to strain as a continuous material, yet the organic boundaries between them still restrict crack propagation. Remarkably, the completely locked interface recovers its original morphology without any noticeable deformation after compressive contact stresses as large as 1.2 GPa.
Evidence for Archean ocean crust with low high field strength element signature from diamondiferous eclogite xenoliths
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-1999
Terpenoid composition and chemotaxonomic aspects of Miocene amber from the Koroglu Mountains, Turkey
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2014
Probing the Multiple Structures of Vaterite through Combined Computational and Experimental Raman Spectroscopy
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 17-11-2014
DOI: 10.1021/JP509958D
The mesoscale order of nacreous pearls
Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Date: 18-10-2021
Abstract: Despite a century of scientific fascination with nacre’s periodic mesostructure, there remains a fundamental question of whether long-range order exists. In this work, the stochastic growth that leads to mesoscale order in the nacreous pearl is revealed by quantifying its structural coherence across entire pearl specimens. We find that mollusks strike a balance between preserving translational symmetry and minimizing thickness variation of layers by creating a paracrystal with medium-range order. Self-correcting growth processes allow pearls to quickly attenuate disorder, accommodate topological defects in tablet structure, and maintain order throughout a fluctuating external environment. These observations were made possible by characterizing the entire structure of Akoya “keshi” pearls (∼3 mm) at high resolution ( ∼3 nm).
Nano-Powdered Calcium Carbonate Reference Materials: Significant Progress for Microanalysis?
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-09-2019
DOI: 10.1111/GGR.12292
Cold plumes trigger contamination of oceanic mantle wedges with continental crust-derived sediments: Evidence from chromitite zircon grains of eastern Cuban ophiolites
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2018
Insights into architecture, growth dynamics, and biomineralization from pulsed Sr-labelled Katelysia rhytiphora shells (Mollusca, Bivalvia)
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 12-09-2019
Abstract: Abstract. The intertidal bivalve Katelysia rhytiphora, endemic to south Australia and Tasmania, is used here for pulsed Sr-labelling experiments in aquaculture experiments to visualize shell growth at the micro- to nanoscale. The ventral margin area of the outer shell layer composed of (i) an outermost outer shell layer (oOSL) with compound composite prismatic architecture with three hierarchical orders of prisms and (ii) an innermost outer shell layer (iOSL) with crossed-acicular architecture consisting of intersecting lamellae bundles. All structural orders in both layers are enveloped by an organic sheath and the smallest mineralized units are nano-granules. Electron backscatter diffraction reveals a strong preferred orientation of the aragonite c axes perpendicular to the growth layers, while the a and b axes are scattered within a plane normal to the local growth direction and % twin grain boundaries are detected. The Young's modulus shows a girdle-like maximum of elastically stiffer orientations for the shell following the inner shell surface. For 6 d, the bivalves were subjected twice to seawater with an increased Sr concentration of 18× mean ocean water by dissolving 144 µg g−1 Sr (159.88 Sr∕Ca mmol ∕ mol) in seawater. The pulse labelling intervals in the shell are 17× (oOSL) and 12× (iOSL) enriched in Sr relative to the Sr-spiked seawater. All architectural units in the shell are transected by the Sr label, demonstrating shell growth to progress homogeneously instead of forming one in idual architectural unit after the other. Distribution coefficients, DSr ∕ Ca, for labelled and unlabelled shells are similar to shell proportions formed in the wild (0.12 to 0.15). All DSr ∕ Ca values are lower than values for equilibrium partitioning of Sr in synthetic aragonite.
Time-averaging and stratigraphic resolution in death assemblages and Holocene deposits
Publisher: Society for Sedimentary Geology
Date: 11-2016
Contrasting types of metasomatism in dunite, wehrlite and websterite xenoliths from Kimberley, South Africa
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2008
Lead poisoning of backyard chickens
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVPOL.2022.119798
Abstract: Increased interest in backyard food production has drawn attention to the risks associated with urban trace element contamination, in particular lead (Pb) that was used in abundance in Pb-based paints and gasoline. Here we examine the sources, pathways and risks associated with environmental Pb in urban gardens, domestic chickens and their eggs. A suite of other trace element concentrations (including As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn) are reported from the s led matrices. Sixty-nine domestic chickens from 55 Sydney urban gardens were s led along with potential sources (feed, soil, water), blood Pb concentrations and corresponding concentrations in eggs. Age of the s led chickens and house age was also collected. Commercial eggs (n = 9) from free range farms were analysed for comparative purposes. Study outcomes were modelled using the large Australian VegeSafe garden soil database (>20,000 s les) to predict which areas of inner-city Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane are likely to have soil Pb concentrations unsuitable for keeping backyard chickens. Soil Pb concentrations was a strong predictor of chicken blood and egg Pb (p= 20 μg/dL, the level at which adverse effects may be observed. Older homes were correlated with higher chicken blood Pb (p = 0.00002) and egg Pb (p = 0.005), and younger chickens (<12 months old) had greater Pb concentrations, likely due to increased Pb uptake during early life development. Two key findings arose from the study data: (i) in order to retain chicken blood Pb below 20 μg/dL, soil Pb needs to be < 166 mg/kg (ii) to retain egg Pb < 100 μg/kg (i.e. a food safety benchmark value), soil Pb needs to be < 117 mg/kg. These concentrations are significantly lower than the soil Pb guideline of 300 mg/kg for residential gardens. This research supports the conclusion that a large number of inner-city homes may not be suitable for keeping chickens and that further work regarding production and consumption of domestic food is warranted.
Towards the development of a fossil bone geochemical standard: An inter-laboratory study
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2007
DOI: 10.1016/J.ACA.2007.08.015
Abstract: Ten international laboratories participated in an inter-laboratory comparison of a fossil bone composite with the objective of producing a matrix and structure-matched reference material for studies of the bio-mineralization of ancient fossil bone. We report the major and trace element compositions of the fossil bone composite, using in-situ method as well as various wet chemical digestion techniques. For major element concentrations, the intra-laboratory analytical precision (%RSD(r)) ranges from 7 to 18%, with higher percentages for Ti and K. The %RSD(r) are smaller than the inter-laboratory analytical precision (%RSD(R) <15-30%). Trace element concentrations vary by approximately 5 orders of magnitude (0.1 mg kg(-1) for Th to 10,000 mg kg(-1) for Ba). The intra-laboratory analytical precision %RSD(r) varies between 8 and 45%. The reproducibility values (%RSD(R)) range from 13 to 100% was found for the high field strength elements (Hf, Th, Zr, Nb). The rare earth element (REE) concentrations, which vary over 3 orders of magnitude, have %RSD(r) and %RSD(R) values at 8-15% and 20-32%, respectively. However, the REE patterns (which are very important for paleo-environmental, taphonomic and paleo-oceanographic analyses) are much more consistent. These data suggest that the complex and unpredictable nature of the mineralogical and chemical composition of fossil bone makes it difficult to set-up and calibrate analytical instruments using conventional standards, and may result in non-spectral matrix effects. We propose an analytical protocol that can be employed in future inter-laboratory studies to produce a certified fossil bone geochemical standard.
Quantitative Estimation of Major and Trace Elements in Coals of the Benue Trough, Nigeria
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 15-04-2013
2H/1H measurements of amphiboles and nominally anhydrous minerals (clinopyroxene, garnet and diamond) using high-temperature continuous flow elemental analyser/pyrolysis/isotope
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-11-2017
DOI: 10.1002/RCM.7996
Abstract: We have used a high-precision, high-efficiency method for the measurement of the The technique described here involves Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry (IRMS) on-line in continuous flow mode with an Elemental Analyser (EA) using "purge and trap" technology rather than separation by conventional packed column gas chromatography (GC). The system is equipped with a special high-temperature furnace reaching 1500°C, with a longer hot zone and improved temperature stability. Emphasis is put on the efficiency of the system to reliably pyrolyse refractory minerals difficult to analyse with other conventional systems. While conventional systems usually fail to generate hydrogen suitable for isotopic analyses, with the technique presented here we were able to measure The possibility of using such a system to reliably measure
Supplementary material to "Architecture, Growth Dynamics and Biomineralization of Pulsed Sr-Labelled <i>Katelysia rhytiphora</i> (Mollusca, Bivalvia)"
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 09-11-2018
Biomacromolecules in bivalve shells with crossed lamellar architecture
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-11-2019
Ages and sources of mantle eclogites: ID-TIMS and in situ MC-ICPMS Pb-Sr isotope systematics of clinopyroxene
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2019
Diamonds in ophiolites: Contamination or a new diamond growth environment?
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2015
Multi-mineral geochronology of kimberlites, kamafugites and alkaline-carbonatite rocks, SW São Francisco Craton, Brazil: Appraisal of intrusion ages
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2023
Nanoscale Chemical Imaging by Photo‐Induced Force Microscopy: Technical Aspects and Application to the Geosciences
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-02-2021
DOI: 10.1111/GGR.12373
Deep carbon through time: Earth’s diamond record and its implications for carbon cycling and fluid speciation in the mantle
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2020
The Kinetics of Aragonite Formation from Solution via Amorphous Calcium Carbonate
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 23-11-2022
DOI: 10.3390/NANO12234151
Abstract: Magnesium doped Amorphous Calcium Carbonate was synthesised from precursor solutions containing varying amounts of calcium, magnesium, H2O and D2O. The Mg/Ca ratio in the resultant Amorphous Calcium Carbonate was found to vary linearly with the Mg/Ca ratio in the precursor solution. All s les crystallised as aragonite. No Mg was found in the final aragonite crystals. Changes in the Mg to Ca ratio were found to only marginally effect nucleation rates but strongly effect crystal growth rates. These results are consistent with a dissolution-reprecipitation model for aragonite formation via an Amorphous Calcium Carbonate intermediate.
Architecture, Growth Dynamics and Biomineralization of Pulsed Sr-Labelled <i>Katelysia rhytiphora</i> (Mollusca, Bivalvia)
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 09-11-2018
DOI: 10.5194/BG-2018-469
Abstract: Abstract. We use pulsed Sr-labelling experiments to visualize growth of aragonitic Katelysia rhytiphora (Mollusca, Bivalvia) shells. The outer compound composite prismatic structure is organized into three orders of prisms, and the inner crossed acicular structure consists of intersecting lamellae. Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) reveals substantial twinning of the aragonite crystals ( 46 %) and an overall reduced and strategically oriented anisotropy of the Young’s modulus in the whole shell compared to that of monolithic aragonite. All structural orders in both layers are enveloped by an organic sheath and the smallest mineralized units are nanogranules. Total organic contents are 2.2 (outer) and 1.4 wt. % (inner layer) and are, thus, intermediate between those of nacreous and crossed-lamellar shells. Prisms in the outer structure can be correlated to yearly, daily and sub-daily growth rates. Average daily growth rates at the ventral margin for the outer structure are 17 % higher than for the inner crossed acicular structure. The calcification front runs evenly across all structures and architectural orders independently of the current growth rate. Sharply defined transitions from labelled to unlabelled areas in the shell indicate that physiological processes driving calcification have no lag. This suggests that the extrapallial fluid cannot be very voluminous. Narrow increments of varying Sr content within labelled shell, despite constant Sr concentrations in seawater, suggest cyclic metabolic activity during calcification. Micro-Raman spectroscopy maps validate a low impact of high Sr-conditions on the aragonite crystal structure. Identical Sr-enrichment factors for labelled and ambient conditions support models of ion transport via a passive selective pathway to the mantle epithelium followed by calcification via amorphous calcium carbonate.
Eclogite xenoliths from Orapa: Ocean crust recycling, mantle metasomatism and carbon cycling at the western Zimbabwe craton margin
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2017
Mantle rocks in East Antarctica
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Date: 03-06-2021
DOI: 10.1144/M56-2020-8
Abstract: Only three localities of mantle xenoliths are known from all of East Antarctica, occurring at the Jetty Peninsula (Lambert–Amery Rift), Vestfold Hills and Gaussberg volcano. The latter two are spinel-facies peridotites, whereas the Jetty Peninsula rocks also include garnet-spinel lherzolites all come from Indo-Antarctica. The mantle xenoliths of Jetty Peninsula and Vestfold Hills contain abundant geochemical and mineralogical evidence for multiple enrichment events that are attributed to infiltration of melts and their fluid products. Many of these episodes are spatially related to precursory activity along major trans-lithospheric structures that eventually led to the separation of India from Antarctica. Mantle rocks also occur at Schirmacher Oasis (Dronning Maud Land) and Haskard Highlands (Shackleton Ranges) as blocks tectonically emplaced in high-grade crustal rocks. These show varying degrees of alteration due to reaction with silicic crustal rocks or hydrous fluids: none correspond to unchanged mantle compositions. Geophysical surveys are our only information on the mantle lithosphere beneath the inland ice, and these can be used to infer the locations of thicker lithosphere probably related to cratons by southward extrapolation of coastal geological correlations. Intense local modification of the mantle lithosphere by melt infiltration and fluid movements may influence the large-scale images derived from geophysical data, and may be incorrectly interpreted as homogeneous compositions.
Goldschmidt Abstracts 2010 – F
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2010
Evidence from Antarctic mantle peridotite xenoliths for changes in mineralogy, geochemistry and geothermal gradients beneath a developing rift
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2006
Biomacromolecules within bivalve shells: Is chitin abundant?
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.ACTBIO.2018.09.009
Abstract: Bivalve shells are inorganic-organic nanocomposites whose material properties outperform their purely inorganic mineral counterparts. Most typically the inorganic phase is a polymorph of CaCO
Organic macromolecules in shells of Arctica islandica: comparison with nacroprismatic bivalve shells
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-10-2017
Petrological characterization of the mantle source of Mediterranean lamproites: Indications from major and trace elements of phlogopite
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2013
Mineral and trace element composition of the Lokpanta oil shales in the Lower Benue Trough, Nigeria
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2011
MPI-DING reference glasses for in situ microanalysis: New reference values for element concentrations and isotope ratios
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 02-2006
DOI: 10.1029/2005GC001060
First insights into the function of the sawshark rostrum through examination of rostral tooth microwear
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-10-2017
DOI: 10.1111/JFB.13467
Abstract: Potential roles of the rostrum of sawsharks (Pristiophoridae), including predation and self-defence, were assessed through a variety of inferential methods. Comparison of microwear on the surface of the rostral teeth of sawsharks and sawfishes (Pristidae) show that microwear patterns are alike and suggest that the elongate rostra in these two elasmobranch families are used for a similar purpose (predation). Raman spectroscopy indicates that the rostral teeth of both sawsharks and sawfishes are composed of hydroxyapatite, but differ in their collagen content. Sawfishes possess collagen throughout their rostral teeth whereas collagen is present only in the centre of the rostral teeth of sawsharks, which may relate to differences in ecological use. The ratio of rostrum length to total length in the common sawshark Pristiophorus cirratus was found to be similar to the largetooth sawfish Pristis pristis but not the knifetooth sawfish Anoxypristis cuspidata. Analysis of the stomach contents of P. cirratus indicates that the diet consists of demersal fishes and crustaceans, with shrimp from the family Pandalidae being the most important dietary component. No prey item showed evidence of wounds inflicted by the rostral teeth. In light of the similarities in microwear patterns, rostral tooth chemistry and diet with sawfishes, it is hypothesised that sawsharks use their rostrum in a similar manner for predation (sensing and capturing prey) and possibly for self-defence.
The Palaeoanthropocene – The beginnings of anthropogenic environmental change
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2013
Planktic foraminifera form their shells via metastable carbonate phases
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-11-2017
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-017-00955-0
Abstract: The calcium carbonate shells of planktic foraminifera provide our most valuable geochemical archive of ocean surface conditions and climate spanning the last 100 million years, and play an important role in the ocean carbon cycle. These shells are preserved in marine sediments as calcite, the stable polymorph of calcium carbonate. Here, we show that shells of living planktic foraminifers Orbulina universa and Neogloboquadrina dutertrei originally form from the unstable calcium carbonate polymorph vaterite, implying a non-classical crystallisation pathway involving metastable phases that transform ultimately to calcite. The current understanding of how planktic foraminifer shells record climate, and how they will fare in a future high-CO 2 world is underpinned by analogy to the precipitation and dissolution of inorganic calcite. Our findings require a re-evaluation of this paradigm to consider the formation and transformation of metastable phases, which could exert an influence on the geochemistry and solubility of the biomineral calcite.
Trace element variations in olivine phenocrysts from Ugandan potassic rocks as clues to the chemical characteristics of parental magmas
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-09-2011
Minor and trace elements in olivines as probes into early igneous and mantle melting processes
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2013
Re-enrichment of cratonic lithospheric mantle beneath an evolving rift: Mantle xenoliths from East Antarctica
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2006
Organic biopolymers of venus clams: Collagen-related matrix in the bivalve shells with crossed-lamellar ultrastructure
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2021
Melting phlogopite-rich MARID: Lamproites and the role of alkalis in olivine-liquid Ni-partitioning
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2018
Potential of shells of three species of eastern Australian freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Hyriidae) as environmental proxy archives
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1071/MF17319
Abstract: Freshwater mussels in Australia are rarely studied for their life history and potential as palaeoclimate proxy archives. Therefore, we studied three freshwater mussel species from the Williams River, Hunter Valley, Australia, namely Alathyria profuga, Cucumerunio novaehollandiae and Hyridella drapeta, to identify their potential as new environmental proxy archives from Australian freshwater bodies. Growth analysis revealed that A. profuga and C. novaehollandiae produce distinctive growth lines, which allow the first identification of age and growth structure of these species. The oxygen isotope ratio in A. profuga shells and high-resolution element concentrations in all three species show cyclic, annual variations. A high correlation between growth rates and the combined winter air temperature and annual rainfall, as well as accurate temperature reconstruction using oxygen isotope values in the shells suggest that A. profuga has good potential as an environmental proxy archive. However, the low correlation observed between the Sr:Ca ratio and temperature limited the usefulness of the Sr:Ca ratio in A. profuga shells as a water temperate proxy. In contrast, growth rates and element ratios of C. novaehollandiae do not indicate a significant relationship with environmental variables, suggesting that this species, together with H. drapeta, is probably not suitable for palaeoclimatic studies.
Growth dynamics and amorphous-to-crystalline phase transformation in natural nacre
Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC
Date: 05-07-2022
DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-1810421/V1
Abstract: Biominerals, such as nacreous bivalve shells, are important archives of environmental information. The processes explaining how the organisms code this information into the structure and composition of their shells are yet unknown. Most marine calcifiers form their shells from amorphous calcium carbonate by particle attachment and stepwise crystallisation of metastable precursor phases. However, the mechanism of this transformation including its incorporation of trace metal ions used for environmental reconstructions are poorly constrained. Using the nacreous shell of the Mediterranean mussel, we explore the formation of nacre from the meso- to the atomic scale. We use a novel combination of strontium pulse-chase labelling in aquaculture experiments and correlative micro- to sub-nanoscale analysis to show that nacre grows in a two-step process and crystallizes via localised dissolution and reprecipitation within nanogranules. Our findings elucidate how stepwise crystallization pathways affect trace element incorporation in natural biominerals, while preserving their intricate hierarchical structure.
Eclogite xenoliths from the Kuruman kimberlites, South Africa: geochemical fingerprinting of deep subduction and cumulate processes☆
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2004
Characterisation of chromites, chromite hosted inclusions of silicates and metal alloys in chromitites from the Indo-Myanmar ophiolite belt of Northeastern India
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2017
The olivine macrocryst problem: New insights from minor and trace element compositions of olivine from Lac de Gras kimberlites, Canada
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2015
Overcoming Challenges Associated with the Analysis of Nacre by Atom Probe Tomography
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-06-2019
DOI: 10.1111/GGR.12279
Architecture of Anoteropora latirostris (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata) and implications for their biomineralization
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-08-2019
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-019-47848-4
Abstract: Cheilostome Bryozoa Anoteropora latirostris, a colonial marine invertebrate, constructs its skeleton from calcite and aragonite. This study presents firstly correlated multi-scale electron microscopy, micro-computed tomography, electron backscatter diffraction and NanoSIMS mapping. We show that all primary, coarse-grained platy calcitic lateral walls are covered by fine-grained fibrous aragonite. Vertical lateral walls separating autozooid chambers have aragonite only on their distal side. This type of asymmetric mineralization of lateral walls results from the vertical arrangement of the zooids at the growth margins of the colony and represents a type of biomineralization previously unknown in cheilostome bryozoans. NanoSIMS mapping across the aragonite-calcite interface indicates an organic layer between both mineral phases, likely representing an organic template for biomineralization of aragonite on the calcite layer. Analysis of crystallographic orientations show a moderately strong crystallographic preferred orientation (CPO) for calcite (7.4 times random orientation) and an overall weaker CPO for aragonite (2.4 times random orientation) with a high degree of twinning (45%) of the aragonite grains. The calculated Young’s modulus for the CPO map shows a weak mechanical direction perpendicular to the colony’s upper surface facilitating this organism’s strategy of clonal reproduction by fragmentation along the vertical zooid walls.
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