ORCID Profile
0000-0002-7974-631X
Current Organisation
University of Western Australia
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Publisher: Swansea University
Date: 25-08-2022
Abstract: ObjectivesAccess to cross-jurisdictional data can be beneficial to researchers but challenges exist in accessing data from different legal jurisdictions and policy environments. Two national networks in Australia and Canada will share their respective approaches to supporting the discovery of, and coordinating applications and approvals for, cross-jurisdictional data access. ApproachCollaboration between these two networks in the last year have allowed members to gain a better understanding of the approaches that have been put in place to support the coordination of cross-jurisdictional data applications. Through regular inter-network discussion and joint workshops, we have gained insight into the similarities, differences and challenges faced by each and identified common goals for continued shared learnings. ResultsSimilarities and differences exist between the approach and processes each network has implemented to coordinate applications for cross-jurisdictional data. In both countries, a single point of contact model has been key in coordinating data requests centrally. Whereas in one country, virtual access to linked data is provided centrally, different legal and policy environments across jurisdictions in another country are barriers to accessing data in one location. Each network has developed processes and tools to meet researcher needs while respecting local requirements and are turning to innovative strategies. For ex le, one network is developing infrastructure to support analysis of data in a distributed way, and both groups are creating centralized tools to streamline the data discovery and access processes to improve researcher experience. ConclusionThe coordination of applications for cross-jurisdictional data access by two national networks has streamlined researcher access, but challenges exist to fully meet researcher needs for cross-jurisdictional analyses. The continued cross-network collaboration will allow for shared learning opportunities and development of innovative solutions to tackle challenges related to cross-jurisdictional data access.
Publisher: The Royal Society
Date: 04-12-2007
Publisher: The Royal Society
Date: 06-02-2007
Abstract: In this paper, we show exceptional three-dimensionally preserved fossilized muscle tissues in 380–384 Myr old placoderm fish (Late Devonian), offering new morphological evidence supporting the hypothesis that placoderms are the sister group to all other gnathostomes. We describe the oldest soft tissue discovered in gnathostomes, which includes striated muscle fibres, circulatory and nerve tissues, preserved as phosphatized structures precipitated by microbial infilling of small, protected areas under the headshield of the arthrodire, Eastmanosteus calliaspis . Muscle impressions have also been found in the ptyctodontid, Austroptyctodus gardineri . The specimens display primitive vertebrate muscle structures in particular, shallow W-shaped muscle blocks such as those observed in l reys. New information from fossilized soft tissues thus elucidates the affinities of the placoderms and provides new insights into the evolution and radiation of gnathostomes.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-1999
DOI: 10.1016/S0046-8177(99)90044-8
Abstract: The chromosomal locus 9p21 contains the p16(INK4a/CDKN2/MTS1) tumor suppressor gene that has been implicated in a variety of tumor types, including carcinomas of the head and neck, esophagus, and pancreas. To determine whether the loss of this gene is involved in salivary gland cancers, 35 carcinomas and paired nonneoplastic specimens were analyzed for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of polymorphic genetic markers located in the region of interest. Five types of salivary gland tumors were studied: mucoepidermoid carcinoma, salivary duct carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, acinic cell carcinoma, and polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma. Seven of 9 salivary duct carcinomas showed LOH of 1 or more polymorphic markers. In 1 case of salivary duct carcinoma with LOH, we confirmed a deletion of bp 240-254 within exon 2. In addition, another salivary duct carcinoma showed a homozygous deletion of p16 in differential polymerase chain reaction analysis. Loss of heterozygosity was found in 1 of 10 adenoid cystic carcinomas and 1 of 8 mucoepidermoid carcinomas and was absent in the remaining subtypes. No mutations in exon 1 or exon 2 or homozygous deletion of p16 were found in these 2 particular neoplasms with LOH. These results suggest that inactivation of p16 is important in the development or progression of at least some salivary duct carcinomas, but we found no evidence that its alteration plays a role in the other subtypes examined.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 08-04-2016
DOI: 10.1017/S0007114516001185
Abstract: Evidence associating serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations and cardiometabolic risk factors is inconsistent and studies have largely been conducted in adult populations. We examined the prospective associations between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and cardiometabolic risk factors from adolescence to young adulthood in the West Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations, BMI, homoeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), TAG, HDL-cholesterol and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were measured at the 17-year ( n 1015) and 20-year ( n 1117) follow-ups. Hierarchical linear mixed models with maximum likelihood estimation were used to investigate associations between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and cardiometabolic risk factors, accounting for potential confounders. In males and females, respectively, mean serum 25(OH)D concentrations were 73·6 ( sd 28·2) and 75·4 ( sd 25·9) nmol/l at 17 years and 70·0 ( sd 24·2) and 74·3 ( sd 26·2) nmol/l at 20 years. Deseasonalised serum 25(OH)D 3 concentrations were inversely associated with BMI (coefficient −0·01 95 % CI −0·03, −0·003 P =0·014). No change over time was detected in the association for males for females, the inverse association was stronger at 20 years compared with 17 years. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were inversely associated with log-HOMA-IR (coefficient −0·002 95 % CI −0·003, −0·001 P ·001) and positively associated with log-TAG in females (coefficient 0·002 95 % CI 0·0008, 0·004 P =0·003). These associations did not vary over time. There were no significant associations between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and HDL-cholesterol or SBP. Clinical trials in those with insufficient vitamin D status may be warranted to determine any beneficial effect of vitamin D supplementation on insulin resistance, while monitoring for any deleterious effect on TAG.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 19-08-2014
DOI: 10.1017/S000711451400186X
Abstract: Despite the importance of skeletal growth during adolescence, there is limited research reporting vitamin D status and its predictors in adolescents. Using prospective data from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study, we investigated vitamin D status and predictors of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations in adolescents. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured in the same participants at 14 and 17 years ( n 1045 at both time points). The percentage of adolescents with serum 25(OH)D concentrations 50, 50–74·9 and ≥ 75 nmol/l was reported year-round and by month of blood collection. We examined the predictors of serum 25(OH)D concentrations, including sex, race, month of blood collection, physical activity, BMI, family income, and Ca and vitamin D intakes ( n 919 at 14 years n 570 at 17 years), using a general linear mixed model. At 14 years, 31 % of adolescents had serum 25(OH)D concentrations between 50 and 74·9 nmol/l and a further 4 % had concentrations 50 nmol/l. At 17 years, 40 % of adolescents had serum 25(OH)D concentrations between 50 and 74·9 nmol/l and 12 % had concentrations 50 nmol/l. Caucasian ethnicity, being s led at the end of summer, exercising more, having a lower BMI, a higher Ca intake and a higher family income were significantly associated with higher serum 25(OH)D concentrations. The proportion of adolescents with serum 25(OH)D concentrations 50 nmol/l was low in this Western Australian cohort. There is a need for international consensus on defining adequate vitamin D status in order to determine whether strategies to increase vitamin D status in adolescents are warranted.
No related grants have been discovered for Carina Marshall.