ORCID Profile
0000-0003-2537-0182
Current Organisation
National University of Science and Technology (NUST)
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Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 18-02-2021
DOI: 10.1101/2021.02.18.431817
Abstract: Canonical retrograde signalling comprises information transmission from organelles to the nucleus and in particular controls gene expression for organellar proteins. The need to re-assess this paradigm was suggested by discrepancies between de novo protein synthesis and transcript abundance in response to excess light. Here we uncover major components of a translation-dependent retrograde signalling pathway that first impacts translation and then transcription. The response realization depends on the kinases Mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 (MPK6) and Sucrose non-fermenting 1-related kinase (SnRK1) subunit, AKIN10. Global ribosome foot-printing revealed differential ribosome association of 951 transcripts within 10 min after transfer from low to high light. Despite predominant translational repression, 15 % of transcripts were increased in translation and enriched for chloroplast-localized photosynthetic proteins. About one third of these transcripts, including Stress associated proteins (SAP) 2 and 3, share regulatory motifs in their 5′-UTR that act as binding sites for glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPC) and light responsive RNA binding proteins (RBPs). SAP2 and 3 are both translationally regulated and interact with the calcium sensor Calmodulin-like 49 (CML49), which promotes relocation to the nucleus inducing a translation-dependent nuclear stress response. Thus, translation-dependent retrograde signalling bifurcates to directly regulate a translational circuit of chloroplast proteins and simultaneously initiate a nuclear circuit synchronizing retrograde and anterograde response pathways, serving as a rapid mechanism for functional acclimation of the chloroplast.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 19-01-2022
Abstract: Salinity limits the growth and nutrient uptake in crop species. Studies show that both potassium (K) and humic acid (HA) improved plant tolerance to salinity. However, the interactive effect of K and HA on plant tolerance to salinity stress remains unknown. This pot study examined the effect of application of K (0, 5 or 10 mM) and HA (0 or 2 g kg−1), alone or in combination, on the growth and physiology under salinity (100 mM NaCl) in two wheat genotypes (SARC 1, salt tolerant and SARC 5, salt sensitive). The results revealed that salt stress reduced shoot biomass by 35% and 49% in SARC 1 and SARC 5, respectively. Salinity induced overproduction of H2O2 and lipid peroxidation in both genotypes, but the decline in pigments and stomatal conductance was more profound in SARC 5 than in SARC 1. Combined application of 10 mM K and HA was most effective in alleviating salt stress with improved plant biomass by 47% and 43% in SARC 1 and SARC 5, respectively. Combined application of 10 mM K and HA mitigated salt and induced oxidative stress with the activities of APX, CAT, POD and SOD increased by up to 2.8 folds in SARC 1, and by upto 2.5 folds in SARC 5, respectively. Root and shoot Na contents were increased, while K, Fe and Zn contents were decreased under saline conditions. HA combined with K decreased Na and increased K, Fe and Zn contents in both genotypes. Combined application of 10 mM K and HA was more promising for increasing wheat salt tolerance and nutrient uptake and genotype SARC 1 performed better than SARC 5 for cultivation on saline soils.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2022
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-07-2022
Publisher: The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK-ULAKBIM) - DIGITAL COMMONS JOURNALS
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.3906/TAR-1410-26
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.PLAPHY.2019.06.010
Abstract: Silicon (Si) is reported to improve salt stress tolerance of cereals, but little is known about the effects of Si on flows and partitioning of sodium (Na
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-11-2015
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 04-08-2022
Abstract: Crop irrigation with untreated wastewater is a routine practice in developing countries that causes multiple human health consequences. A comparative study was performed to regulate total Cr and Pb stress in soil and Solanum melongena L. plant. For this purpose, 0.2% chitosan polymerized silica gel (CP-silica gel), 1.5% zinc-enriched biochar (ZnBc), and three bacterial species such as Trichococcus sp. (B1), Pseudomonas alcaligenes (B2), and Bacillus subtilis (B3) were selected. Initially, a biosorption trial was conducted to test the heavy metal removal efficiency of three bacterial species B1, B2, and B3 for 24 h. Hence, B3 showed maximum Cr and Pb removal efficiency among the studied bacterial isolates. Then, a pot study was conducted with 12 different treatments having three replicates. After harvesting, different growth and biochemical parameters such as chlorophyll concentration, proteins, phenolics, reactive oxygen species, and antioxidant enzymes were analyzed. The results demonstrated that wastewater application significantly ( p ≤ 0.01) reduced the fresh and dry weights of the root, stem, and leaves due to high total Cr and Pb toxicity. However, CP-silica gel and ZnBc treatments performed best when applied in combination with B3. The concentration of leaf total Cr was significantly decreased (91 and 85%) with the application of ZnBc + B3 and CP-Silica gel + B3, respectively, as compared to control. There was a reduction in stem hydrogen peroxide (87%) and malondialdehyde (81%) recorded with CP-silica gel + B3 treatment due to enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes viz. ascorbate peroxidase (6-folds) and catalase (7-folds) relative to control. Similarly, leaf total phenolics (3-folds) and protein (6-folds) contents were enhanced with CP silica gel+B3 application relative to control. Overall, CP-silica gel and ZnBc with B3 application proved to be the most appropriate treatments and can be used in developing countries to limit the deleterious effects of total Cr and Pb pollution.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 28-06-2022
DOI: 10.3390/SU14137852
Abstract: The prevalence of abiotic stresses h ers soil health and plant growth in most ecosystems. In this study, rice husk iron-enriched biochar (BC) was prepared and its superiority in terms of nutrients enrichment, porosity and different acidic functional group (O-H, C=O) relative to simple biochar was confirmed through scanning electron microscopic, X-ray fluorescence and Fourier transform infrared analysis. To further evaluate its nickel (Ni), salt (NaCl) and carbonate (CaCO3) stress mitigating impact on wheat physiology and biochemical attributes, a pot experiment was conducted using BC (1%), Ni (0.5 mM NiNO3), Na (100 mM NaCl) and CO3 (100 mM CaCO3) and with twelve treatments T1 Control, T2 NiNO3, T3 CaCO3, T4 NaCl, T5 BC, T6 Ni + BC, T7 CaCO3 + BC, T8 NaCl + BC, T9 Ni + CaCO3 + BC, T10 Ni + NaCl + BC, T11 CaCO3 + NaCl + BC, T12 Ni + NaCl + CaCO3 + BC. The Langmuir isotherm model revealed the maximum Ni adsorption capacity (2433 mg g−1) in treatments where Ni was applied with BC soil. Maximum soil DTPA-extractable Ni was found in the T9 treatment however, Ni concentration was not reported in wheat roots while only trace amounts of Ni were found in wheat shoots with the T9 treatment. It was suggested that BC has the capacity to induce the immunization effect in plant roots by providing additional Fe so their ionic homeostasis and redox metabolism worked properly. This argument was further paved by the enhanced adsorption of these toxic ions in the presence of BC-favored wheat growth as indicated by maximum increases in shoot iron and potassium concentrations under Ni + CaCO3 + BC, relative to control. Furthermore, the decrease in shoot hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (20%) and malondialdehyde (32%) concentrations and increase in shoot ascorbate peroxidase (81%) and catalase (three-fold) activities under Ni + BC relative to Ni + NaCl + CaCO3 + BC controlled the cell membrane damage. In conclusion, BC proved to be an excellent amendment to reduce the toxic effects of Ni, NaCl and CaCO3 stresses and enhance wheat growth and nutrition.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 22-09-2018
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-07-2019
DOI: 10.1007/S11356-019-05880-X
Abstract: Climatic changes pose serious risks to the rural community's livelihoods of many developing countries whereas people in mountainous regions are exposed to multiple hazards with limited livelihood resources and heavy dependence on natural resources. The objective of the current study is to assess the livelihood practices and adaptive capacity of a mountainous region of Pakistan, the Balakot, where people are highly vulnerable to climatic changes. The study uses a triangulation method to explore various issues and options of climate change risks sand adaptation and impact of well-being on resilience capacity and livelihood strategies. For this purpose, ten focus group discussions (FGDs) with carefully selected key informants and structured interviews with randomly selected 200 local households are conducted to evaluate different hazards and their associated livelihood effects. It is observed that the changing climate has significantly influenced livelihoods of the local community in the recent past through resource degradation, gradual unavailability of sufficient basic services (quantity and quality of drinking water, crop food ersity, fuel wood, and non-timber forest products), low agricultural productivity, and social inequity viz. income distribution, health, education, and food storage. Such a brunt is felt disproportionately more by poor households due to their low adaptive capacity to climate change with constrained livelihood resources. The study emphasizes the need for targeted efforts to move from coping strategies to adaptations among people considering their social inequalities. Timely information sharing, livelihood ersification and preservation of livelihood resources such as crop and forest production, livestock grazing, creating awareness on the pace, and pattern of climate change in the region and subsequent role of adaptation options are major interventions that should be emphasized by the public bodies.
Location: Pakistan
No related grants have been discovered for Muhammad Ansar Farooq.