ORCID Profile
0000-0003-2136-1713
Current Organisations
Columbia University
,
Swinburne University
,
New York State Psychiatric Institute
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Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2018
Publisher: Naif Arab University for Security Sciences
Date: 10-12-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-06-2021
Abstract: Fifteen cases of Fetal Abduction by Maternal Evisceration (FAMAE) reported to the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children during 1987–2011 outline the findings from a review of the forensic psychiatric considerations and legal course of each of the cases. Most offenders confessed to law enforcement within a short time of being placed under arrest in statements reflecting a continued effort to manage impressions and minimize culpability. Psychiatric assessment is invariably central to the legal disposition of FAMAE cases, as the defendant's goal is to diminish the perception of culpability/criminal responsibility and mitigate sentencing. Of those sentenced in the United States, nine defendants received life without parole, two received the death penalty (one executed), and one received a minimum of 30 years. Two abductors committed suicide and were not sentenced. Proffered diagnoses at trial included psychogenic amnesia, pseudocyesis, dissociative disorder, and delusional disorder however, these rarely stood up to court scrutiny. Psychiatric experts showed the greatest variance in diagnosis over what to call the feigned pregnancy. In addition to delusional disorder and dissociative disorder, pseudocyesis, factitious disorder regnancy, pseudopregnancy, schizophrenia, and PTSD were among the various diagnoses proposed. A differential diagnosis for many FAMAE offenders may also include borderline personality disorder. Future research accounting for those women claiming false pregnancy who do not become homicidal will clarify whether FAMAE is the extreme endpoint of a fertility identity disorder.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-08-2014
DOI: 10.1002/CBM.1924
Abstract: The Massachusetts Youth Screening Instrument - version 2 (MAYSI-2) is designed to assist in identifying the mental health needs of young people admitted to secure establishments. To date, very few studies have assessed the MAYSI-2 outside the USA. This study aimed to assess the validity and clinical utility of the MAYSI-2 in England. Boys newly admitted into one large young offenders' institution, were consecutively interviewed in idually and completed the MAYSI-2, the Youth Self Report (YSR), which capture similar syndrome scales - and the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS), which allows for making psychiatric diagnoses. Two hundred and six boys, of average age 16.5 years, completed all assessments. According to the K-SADS, co-morbidity of psychiatric disorders was high (80% of the s le). The MAYSI-2 showed good convergent validity but poorer discriminant validity with the YSR. The MAYSI-2 and YSR corresponded with both conceptually and non-conceptually relevant diagnostic domains. The poor ability of the MAYSI-2 and YSR to discriminate and specify disorders is likely to reflect the high rates of co-morbidity. The fact that 90% of the participants reached the caution cut-off for any scale on the MAYSI-2, while suggesting its limited use as a screening tool for this s le, is probably best reflective of the high levels of psychopathology of incarcerated young people in England and Wales since particular efforts to ert as many as possible from custody. A more holistic and comprehensive approach to assessing health needs on admission into custody may be necessary for such a population.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.NEUBIOREV.2022.104805
Abstract: The relationship between hetamine use and aggressive or violent behaviour is unclear. This review examined laboratory data collected in humans, who were administered an acute dose of hetamine or meth hetamine, in order to investigate the link between hetamines and aggression. It is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42019127711). Included in the analysis are data from twenty-eight studies. Behavioural and/or subjective measures of aggression were assessed in one thousand and sixty-nine research participants, with limited hetamine-use histories, following a single hetamine dose (0-35 mg). The available published evidence indicates that neither hetamine nor meth hetamine acutely increased aggression as assessed by traditional laboratory measures. Future research should assess supratherapeutic hetamine doses as well as include a broader range of multiple aggression measures, facilitating simultaneous assessment of the various components that comprise this complex, multifaceted construct.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-10-2012
DOI: 10.1002/PMH.1220
Abstract: We examined the relationship between psychopathic traits and substance abuse and violent victimization in 94 community patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia spectrum disorders in contact with public mental health services in Victoria, Australia. Data on violence and victimization were collated from multiple sources and combined to categorize patients into victims of serious violence (VV n = 74) and those who were not victims of serious violence (NVV n = 20) groups. The VV group had higher rates of unemployment and previous violence but did not differ from the NVV on current symptom ratings. The VV group has significantly higher substance abuse and psychopathy scores, but only psychopathy score significantly contributed to the prediction of victimization. All psychopathy facets were reasonably good predictors of victimization status, but the antisocial facet contributed most to the prediction of victimization. A better understanding of the role and contribution of antisocial (particularly psychopathic) traits in violent victimization in mentally ill populations is needed to better inform community management plans.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-11-2020
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 28-05-2021
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-11-2020
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2018
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 08-05-2020
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 12-2023
DOI: 10.1177/0306624X211058959
Abstract: In violent crime cases, aggravating factors in United States criminal codes, such as “heinous,” “atrocious,” or “depraved,” are used to distinguish elements of the crime warranting more severe sentencing. These aggravating terms are vaguely defined and applied arbitrarily in violent cases. This paper details the development of a 25 item Depravity Standard to operationalize an evidence-based approach to distinguishing the worst of violent crimes. The items were applied to 393 detailed case files drawn from several American jurisdictions to develop and refine the item definitions, determine interrater reliability, and mine for the frequency of each item’s occurrence. This information was combined with 1,590 participant responses ranking the relative depravity of each item to develop a straightforward scoring system for measuring depravity in violent cases. The Depravity Standard guide can seamlessly be applied to identify the worst violent crimes, and provide support for those cases that may deserve leniency or early-release.
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 12-11-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-08-2019
DOI: 10.1111/ADD.14759
Abstract: Stimulant drug users have a greater prevalence of risky driving behaviour. This study aimed to assess how far this association remains after adjusting for aggressiveness. Cross-sectional interview study assessing associations between measures of risky driving behaviours as outcomes, measures of stimulant drug use as predictors and a measure of aggressiveness as a covariate. United States. Data were drawn from wave 3 (2012-13) of the National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC-III) (n = 36 309 aged ≥ 18 years). Stimulant drug use, past-year DSM-5 stimulant use disorder, aggression and measures of risky driving were assessed using face-to-face interviews conducted using the Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule (AUDADIS-5) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5). Overall, 2714 (8.3%) respondents indicated life-time stimulant use, and 112 (0.3%) met criteria for past-year DSM-5 stimulant use disorder. More than 10% of ongoing stimulant users and one-third of respondents with DSM-5 stimulant use disorder reported stimulant-specific driving under the influence of drugs (DUID) in the past-year (both P < 0.0001). Adjusted for demographics and independent of aggression, life-time stimulant users reported increased likelihood of driving [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 3.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.63-3.42] or speeding under the influence of drugs (aOR = 3.39, 95% CI = 3.01-3.82) and licence revocation (aOR = 2.16, 95% CI = 1.87-2.50) (all P < 0.0001). Past-year DSM-5 stimulant use disorder was associated with all outcomes (aOR = 5.48, 95% CI = 2.95-10.18 and aOR = 3.87, 95% CI = 2.23-6.70, respectively, all P < 0.0001), except licence revocation (aOR = 1.72). Stimulant use appears to be positively associated with risky driving behaviours after adjusting for aggressiveness.
Location: United States of America
No related grants have been discovered for Kate O'Malley.