ORCID Profile
0000-0002-6767-6692
Current Organisations
The University of Western Australia Faculty of Science
,
University of Western Australia
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Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 09-2014
Abstract: Automation that supports lower order information processing levels can potentially reduce the loss of situation awareness associated with static automation, but remains to be tested. Adaptable automation has promised the benefits of adaptive automation without the associated reorienting costs. In the current study, 38 participants completed a simulated submarine track management task with varying taskload under conditions of no automation, static automation, and adaptable automation (where participants decided when to use automation). Static automation reduced workload and improved performance with no cost to situation awareness (compared to no automation). This suggests that low levels of static automation can support performance under varying taskload, however a stronger test of situation awareness is recommended for future studies. Adaptable automation was used during periods of high taskload but was not utilized fully by participants. Adaptable automation maintained situation awareness and lowered workload but provided minimal performance improvements (compared to no automation).
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 19-08-2020
Abstract: The objective of this study is to examine the effects of low and high degree of automation (DOA) on performance, subjective workload, situation awareness (SA), and return-to-manual control in simulated submarine track management. Theory and meta-analytic evidence suggest that as DOA increases, operator performance improves and workload decreases, but SA and return-to-manual control declines. Research also suggests that operators have particular difficulty regaining manual control if automation provides incorrect advice. Undergraduate student participants completed a submarine track management task that required them to track the position and behavior of contacts. Low DOA supported information acquisition and analysis, whereas high DOA recommended decisions. At a late stage in the task, automation was either unexpectedly removed or provided incorrect advice. Relative to no automation, low DOA moderately benefited performance but impaired SA and non-automated task performance. Relative to no automation and low DOA, high DOA benefited performance and lowered workload. High DOA did impair non-automated task performance compared with no automation, but this was equivalent to low DOA. Participants were able to return-to-manual control when they knew low or high DOA was disengaged, or when high DOA provided incorrect advice. High DOA improved performance and lowered workload, at no additional cost to SA or return-to-manual performance when compared with low DOA. Designers should consider the likely level of uncertainty in the environment and the consequences of return-to-manual deficits before implementing low or high DOA.
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 09-2017
DOI: 10.1037/XAP0000126
Abstract: Automation can improve operator performance and reduce workload, but can also degrade operator situation awareness (SA) and the ability to regain manual control. In 3 experiments, we examined the extent to which automation could be designed to benefit performance while ensuring that in iduals maintained SA and could regain manual control. Participants completed a simulated submarine track management task under varying task load. The automation was designed to facilitate information acquisition and analysis, but did not make task decisions. Relative to a condition with no automation, the continuous use of automation improved performance and reduced subjective workload, but degraded SA. Automation that was engaged and disengaged by participants as required (adaptable automation) moderately improved performance and reduced workload relative to no automation, but degraded SA. Automation engaged and disengaged based on task load (adaptive automation) provided no benefit to performance or workload, and degraded SA relative to no automation. Automation never led to significant return-to-manual deficits. However, all types of automation led to degraded performance on a nonautomated task that shared information processing requirements with automated tasks. Given these outcomes, further research is urgently required to establish how to design automation to maximize performance while keeping operators cognitively engaged. (PsycINFO Database Record
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2024
Publisher: Center for Open Science
Date: 06-10-2021
Abstract: Advances in opto-electronics enables replacement of traditional periscopes which display only a portion of the horizon, with digital periscopes, which can potentially display a full 360° panoramic digital representation of the horizon. One advantage of an increased field of view (FOV) might be to reduce memory requirements and improve integration of visual information over time, thereby improving detection of vessels (contacts) at sea. Another potential advantage of moving to digital periscopes is that imagery can be paired with digital aids that can replace or simplify tasks traditionally performed manually, such as contact identification. This study compared a low-FOV visual concept to a high-FOV concept (Experiment 1), and then traditional analysis tools with digitized analysis tools (Experiment 2). The high-FOV concept and digitized tools provided a range of perceived workload, perceived usability, and performance benefits to the human operator, and we conclude that digitally augmenting the periscope can potentially support submariner tasks. THIS VERSION (18 Jul 23) AND ALL PREVIOUS VERSIONS HAVE NOT BEEN PEER REVIEWED. PLEASE DO NOT CITE WITHOUT THE AUTHOR'S PERMISSION.
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 24-03-2022
DOI: 10.1101/2022.03.23.485424
Abstract: The endeavour to understand human cognition has largely relied upon investigation of task-related brain activity. However, resting-state brain activity can also offer insights into in idual information processing and performance capabilities. Previous research has identified electroencephalographic resting-state characteristics (most prominently: the in idual alpha frequency IAF) that predict cognitive function. However, it has largely overlooked a second component of electrophysiological signals: aperiodic 1/ f activity. The current study examined how both oscillatory and aperiodic resting-state EEG measures, alongside traditional cognitive tests, can predict performance in a dynamic and complex, semi-naturalistic cognitive task. Participants’ resting-state EEG was recorded prior to engaging in a Target Motion Analysis (TMA) task in a simulated submarine control room environment (CRUSE), which required participants to integrate dynamically changing information over time. We demonstrated that the relationship between IAF and cognitive performance extends from simple cognitive tasks (e.g., digit span) to complex, dynamic measures of information processing. Further, our results showed that in idual 1/ f parameters (slope and intercept) differentially predicted performance across practice and testing sessions, whereby flatter slopes were associated with improved performance during learning, while higher intercepts were linked to better performance during testing. In addition to the EEG predictors, we demonstrate a link between cognitive skills most closely related to the TMA task (i.e., spatial imagery) and subsequent performance. Overall, the current study highlights (1) how resting-state metrics – both oscillatory and aperiodic - have the potential to index higher-order cognitive capacity, while (2) emphasising the importance of examining these electrophysiological components within more dynamic settings and over time.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 27-09-2021
DOI: 10.1177/00187208211045872
Abstract: Examine the extent to which increasing information integration across displays in a simulated submarine command and control room can reduce operator workload, improve operator situation awareness, and improve team performance. In control rooms, the volume and number of sources of information are increasing, with the potential to overwhelm operator cognitive capacity. It is proposed that by distributing information to maximize relevance to each operator role (increasing information integration), it is possible to not only reduce operator workload but also improve situation awareness and team performance. Sixteen teams of six novice participants were trained to work together to combine data from multiple sensor displays to build a tactical picture of surrounding contacts at sea. The extent that data from one display were available to operators at other displays was manipulated (information integration) between teams. Team performance was assessed as the accuracy of the generated tactical picture. Teams built a more accurate tactical picture, and in idual team members had better situation awareness and lower workload, when provided with high compared with low information integration. A human-centered design approach to integrating information in command and control settings can result in lower workload, and enhanced situation awareness and team performance. The design of modern command and control rooms, in which operators must fuse increasing volumes of complex data from displays, may benefit from higher information integration based on a human-centered design philosophy, and a fundamental understanding of the cognitive work that is carried out by operators.
Location: Australia
No related grants have been discovered for Steph I. C. Michailovs.