ORCID Profile
0000-0002-8535-278X
Current Organisation
Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Amrita School of Biotechnology
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Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 06-01-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-04-2016
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 22-12-2022
Abstract: Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) has affected over 112 million people and killed more than 2.5 million worldwide. When the pandemic was declared, Spain and Italy accounted for 29% of the total COVID-19 related deaths in Europe, while most infected patients did not present severe illness. We hypothesised that shared genomic characteristics, distinct from the rest of Europe, could be a contributor factor to a poor prognosis in these two populations. To identify pathways related to COVID-19 severity, we shortlisted 437 candidate genes associated with host viral intake and immune evasion from SARS-like viruses. From these, 21 were associated specifically with clinically aggressive COVID-19. To determine the potential mechanism of viral infections, we performed signalling pathway analysis with either the full list (n = 437) or the subset group (n = 21) of genes. Four pathways were significantly associated with the full gene list (Caveolar-mediated Endocytosis and the MSP-RON Signalling) or with the aggressive gene list (Hepatic Fibrosis/Hepatic Stellate Cell (HSC) Activation and the Communication between Innate and Adaptive Immune Cells). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the ±1 Mb window of all genes related to these four pathways were retrieved from the dbSNP database. We then performed Principal Component analysis for these SNPs in in iduals from the 1000 Genomes of European ancestry. Only the Hepatic Fibrosis/HSC Activation pathway showed population-specific segregation. The Spanish and Italian populations clustered together and away from the rest of the European ancestries, with the first segregating further from the rest. Additional in silico analysis identified potential genetic markers and clinically actionable therapeutic targets in this pathway, that may explain the severe disease.
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 28-07-2015
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 05-06-2020
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 10-05-2022
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 25-08-2020
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 03-09-2022
DOI: 10.3390/PATHOGENS11091009
Abstract: Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are an abundant class of RNA with varying nucleotide lengths. They have been shown to have great potential in eutherians/human disease diagnosis and treatments and are now gaining more importance for the improvement of diseases in livestock. To date, thousands of ncRNAs have been discovered in the bovine genome and the continuous advancement in deep sequencing technologies and various bioinformatics tools has enabled the elucidation of their roles in bovine health. Among farm animals’ diseases, mastitis, a common inflammatory disease in cattle, has caused devastating economic losses to dairy farmers over the last few decades. Here, we summarize the biology of bovine mastitis and comprehensively discuss the roles of ncRNAs in different types of mastitis infection. Based on our findings and relevant literature, we highlighted various evidence of ncRNA roles in mastitis. Different approaches (in vivo versus in vitro) for exploring ncRNA roles in mastitis are emphasized. More particularly, the potential applications of emerging genome editing technologies, as well as integrated omics platforms for ncRNA studies and implications for mastitis are presented.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2022
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 08-07-2020
DOI: 10.1101/2020.07.03.179028
Abstract: The novel SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes the COVID-19 disease, has infected more than 10 million people and caused 500K deaths worldwide. In Europe, over 2 million confirmed cases have been reported, while nearly 200K people have died from the disease. Despite strict containment measures in Spain and Italy after the first reported COVID-19 patient, these two countries have remained in the top five European nations with the highest mortality rate for over two months. We hypothesised that a genetic mechanism could partially explain the poor survival outcome observed in these two countries. An extensive literature search to identify human candidate genes linked to SARS-CoV infection, host immune evasion and disease aggressiveness was carried out. Pathway analysis (IPA) was performed to select the most significantly associated canonical signalling pathways with the genes of interest. The genetic variants’ at these genes with ±1Mb flanking region was extracted (GRCh37/hg19 built). Over 80 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were analysed in genome-wide data of 2,504 in iduals (1000 genomes, phase III, www.internationalgenome.org/ ). Principal component (PC) analysis was performed, ancestry by the whole genome was inferred and subsets of the regions of interest were extracted (PLINK v1.9b, urcell link/ ). PC1 to PC20 values from five European ancestries, including the Spanish and Italian populations, were used for PC analysis. Gene function predictions were run with our genes of interest as a query to the GeneMANIA Cytoscape plugin ( genemania.org/ ). A total of 437 candidate genes associated with SARS were identified, including 21 correlated with COVID-19 aggressiveness. The two most significant pathways associated with all 437 genes ( Caveolar-mediated Endocytosis and MSP-RON Signalling ) did not show any segregation at the population level. However, the most significant canonical pathway associated with genes linked to COVID-19 aggressiveness, the Hepatic Fibrosis and Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation, showed population-specific segregation. Both the Spanish and Italian populations clustered together from the rest of Europe. This was also observed for the Finnish population but in the opposite direction. These results suggest some of the severe COVID-19 cases reported in Spain and Italy could be partially explained by a pre-existing liver condition (especially liver cancer) and/or may lead to further COVID-19 related liver complications.
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 10-06-2022
Abstract: Proline is a proteinogenic amino acid synthesized from glutamate and ornithine. Pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase and pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase are the two key enzymes involved in proline synthesis from glutamate. On the other hand, ornithine-δ-aminotransferase converts ornithine to pyrroline 5-carboxylate (P5C), an intermediate in the synthesis of proline as well as glutamate. Both proline dehydrogenase and P5C dehydrogenase convert proline back to glutamate. Proline accumulation is widespread in response to environmental challenges such as high temperatures, and it is known to defend plants against unpropitious situations promoting plant growth and flowering. While proline accumulation is positively correlated with heat stress tolerance in some crops, it has detrimental consequences in others. Although it has been established that proline is a key osmolyte, its exact physiological function during heat stress and plant ontogeny remains unknown. Emerging evidence pointed out its role as an overriding molecule in alleviating high temperature stress (HTS) by quenching singlet oxygen and superoxide radicals. Proline cycle acts as a shuttle and the redox couple (NAD + /NADH, NADP + /NADPH) appears to be highly crucial for energy transfer among different cellular compartments during plant development, exposure to HTS conditions and also during the recovery of stress. In this review, the progress made in recent years regarding its involvement in heat stress tolerance is highlighted.
Location: India
No related grants have been discovered for Prashanth Suravajhala.