ORCID Profile
0000-0002-8581-6302
Current Organisations
Society of Critical Care Medicine
,
North-West University
,
University of Technology Sydney
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Publisher: Emerald
Date: 26-07-2011
Publisher: AOSIS
Date: 26-10-2020
Abstract: Informal backyard rentals (IBRs) constitute South Africa’s fastest growing housing subsector, flourishing within a relative research vacuum and without national policy intervention to address the vulnerabilities of stakeholders to the health risks potentially presented. This article reviewed the literature on IBRs, focussing on past policies and interventions, general characteristics, infrastructure and service access to inform an analysis of potential health risks from the existing literature to guide future research and policy-making. Research followed a qualitative approach to review IBR literature dating after 2004. Relevant publications were identified from bibliographic databases using Boolean search logic and by reviewing citations in and later citations of these publications. Relevant secondary sources were also included. The review evidenced that IBRs have received increasing policy, but limited research attention, and that health hazards have been particularly neglected. Although issues such as shared water and sanitation, inappropriate waste disposal, poor hygiene practices, high densities and poor quality structures have been referenced extensively – alluding to risks and health concerns – few studies have focussed directly on health, risk and vulnerability. The risk analysis completed based on the literature made potential risks explicit, exemplified by references to specific conditions, such as HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and the coronavirus pandemic, demonstrating pathogenic pathways, contamination and transmission risks conducive to poor health, infection and potential disaster. The review captured and updated the contemporary literature on IBRs, with the subsequent analysis providing a platform for future empirical research on health, infrastructure and IBRs to address potential risks towards positive change in future policies.
Publisher: Inderscience Publishers
Date: 2012
Publisher: IGI Global
Date: 10-02-2023
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-6258-4.CH001
Abstract: The formation of settlements has changed over the past century and so has its categorization. Previously, it was easy to categorize and differentiate rural areas from urban areas based on the morphology, economic activities, and the population concentration. However, upon deeper analysis, there is no standard method of classifying urban or rural. Research reveals settlements have merged to form larger regions. This chapter explores the transformation settlements from settlements to regions from a theoretical perspective. Furthermore, the study reviews settlement categorization in South Africa (1990-2020). The study found that the integration of rural and urban areas to municipal entities in South Africa has been riddled with challenges. As a result, many municipalities are dysfunctional. The chapter provides insight into the delimitation process and provides lessons for other countries.
Publisher: Global Research & Development Services
Date: 06-2017
Publisher: WIT Press
Date: 18-09-2017
DOI: 10.2495/SC170071
Publisher: Cogitatio
Date: 14-10-2021
Abstract: Urban green spaces (UGSs) deliver ecosystem services and potential economic benefits like increases in proximate residential property prices. The proximity principle (PP) premises that property prices increase as distance to UGS decreases. The PP has generally been confirmed by studies using municipal valuations and market values internationally. Conversely, South African studies have mostly employed municipal valuations and results have rejected the PP. There is an accepted interrelationship, but also often discrepancies, between municipal valuations and market values, presenting scope for this article to explore whether negative results are confirmed when market values replace municipal valuations in PP studies in the South African context. Accordingly, a statistical analysis of market values is completed in the Potchefstroom case study, where five test sites are replicated from studies that employed municipal valuations for longitudinal comparison. Results verify generally higher market values than municipal valuations and confirm the PP in two, but reject the PP in three, of five test sites. Previous studies employing municipal valuations in the case study confirmed the PP in one instance, thus presenting certain, but limited, inconsistencies between findings based on municipal valuation vs. market value. Results suggest that the market’s willingness to pay for UGS proximity is sensitive to the ecosystem services and disservices rendered by specific UGS, but not significantly more than reflected in municipal valuations. Overall, findings underscore the need to protect and curate features that encourage willingness to pay for UGS proximity to increase municipal valuations and property taxes to help finance urban greening.
Publisher: Science Publishing Group
Date: 2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 22-06-2015
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 20-07-2020
DOI: 10.3390/LAND9070235
Abstract: Nature is essential to urban quality of life, yet green spaces are under pressure. In an attempt to strengthen the case for urban greening and to reclaim nature into cities, this research considered green spaces from an economic spatial perspective. The proximity principle, as part of hedonic price analysis, is employed to determine the impact of green spaces on property value in specifically selected residential areas within Potchefstroom, South Africa. Our statistical analysis indicated a rejection of the proximity principle in some areas, contradicting internationally accepted theory. To investigate local trends and possible reasons for the rejection, supporting quantitative data was gathered through structured questionnaires disseminated to local residents of Potchefstroom and Professional Planners in South Africa. Challenges pertaining to the planning of green spaces were emphasised, despite residents’ willingness to pay more for such green spaces in close proximity to residential areas, according to the cross-tabulations conducted. The research results contributed to the discourse on the economic benefits of green spaces and presented the trends of such benefits within the local context of Potchefstroom. The results emphasised the need to rethink the planning of green spaces within the local context, and provided recommendations on how to reclaim nature into cities from a spatial planning perspective.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-04-2020
Publisher: University of Johannesburg
Date: 02-09-2022
DOI: 10.36615/THETHINKER.V92I3.1459
Abstract: The year 2022 marks the sixth democratic local municipal demarcation process in South Africa. The Municipal Demarcation Board has invited the public to put forward their suggestions for the revision of local municipal boundaries based on the Municipal Demarcation Act (27 of 1998) by the end of March. However, the legislative criterion that guides the process remains as complex as it was in 1998 and the public still questions how and why municipal boundaries are demarcated in South Africa. A direct product of the complexity is that many voices remain muffled and their frustrations are displayed in public protests. These protests are to an extent due to municipalities being too large, lacking economic bases, and having poor governance structures to administer efficiently, resulting in many struggling to provide basic services and remain financially viable and sustainable. This article unpacks the application process that needs to be followed by the Municipal Demarcation Board (MDB), the Member of Executive Council (MEC), and the public to motivate for the re-demarcation of local boundaries. The paper argues that the process is complicated and calls for its revision. Furthermore, the paper suggests that smaller and more compact municipalities, at scale and proportional to economic base, might be the solution to the on-going crises of South African Municipalities.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-04-2022
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-09-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2023
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 23-11-2022
DOI: 10.3390/BUILDINGS12122056
Abstract: Neurological constructs are being applied in various fields within urban studies and built environments, neurourbanism stands out. To understand this concept, this study seeks to conduct a scientometric analysis of the concept of neurourbanism. To do so, we gauged the intellectual structure and clarified the influencers and emerging themes while seeking to identify essential gaps in neurourbanism research in urban studies and the built environment. Data were sorted from Dimensions Artificial Intelligence platform because of its reliability in providing the needed dataset accurately, and the Citespace software was used to analyze the data. Our results suggest plurality in explaining the risk factors in urbanicity research, particularly regarding prevalence, incidence, and the general cause of psychosis in urban living. The study also shows that players in the construction sector, such as engineers, town planners, and developers, have not fully grasped how the built environment assists in improving well-being, reducing stress levels of urbanists, assisting migrants in settling into the community, and the general mental wellness of those who live in the city. The study also identified a correlation between urbanization and mental health and added that the main recipient of rapid urban transformation countries does not show leadership in neurourbanism studies.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-11-2018
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 10-11-2016
DOI: 10.1093/CDJ/BSW040
Publisher: WIT Press
Date: 23-09-2014
DOI: 10.2495/SC140381
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 06-03-2023
Abstract: This essay addresses the long-term effectiveness of urban climate change adaptation approaches, based, inter alia, on work in the C40 city network. We argue that in most cities, the dominant framing of climate risk management almost exclusively focuses on short-term incrementalities and preventive solutions directly tackling hazards, vulnerability, and exposure. This approach has serious flaws, leading to missed opportunities for longer-term sustainable urban development. Until very recently, climate science usually provided only a marginal input to long-term urban planning and design. We argue that any analysis of urban climate risk management and the associated climate services should be broadened beyond solely climate focusing on impacts. In this context, the development of positive urban visions is a key gap for both research and practice. A change is required from negatively addressing risks to positively pursuing a positive vision of attractive, resilient, and sustainable cities. The emphasis on short-term incremental solutions should shift towards long-term transformation. This embodies a paradigm shift from “function follows system” to “system follows function”. For many cities, this also means a change in procedural practice from siloed top-down to integrated, participatory urban transformation. Our main argument in this paper is that simple, longer-term sustainable urban transformation would not only reduce climate risks but also enhance overall environmental quality, economic opportunities, and social wellbeing.
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 19-07-2013
DOI: 10.1108/JPMD-04-2012-0011
Abstract: Urban managers increasingly focus on establishing the city as a brand to ensure a competitive force that enables the city to position itself at home and abroad. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the development of city branding from the market orientation of the capital cities of Spain's regional Autonomous Communities. The analysis uses a set of variables representing the different aspects that shape market orientation, and variables related to the development and implementation of city branding strategies. The methodology for collecting information on the cities under study is based on content analysis, and its specific application to the analysis of websites. The research carried out reveals the existence of four distinct groups of Spain's cities that can be differentiated in terms of the importance that they give to the different areas of market orientation and the development of city branding strategies. The cities considered give an insight into the strategies of brand creation and development at major Spanish cities but tell nothing about secondary cities. The scope of the study is purely domestic. The authors intend to expand it to include cities elsewhere in Europe, to enable comparisons to be drawn of the processes of creation and development of city branding in different countries. The municipal web sites used as a source of information show some volatility, and as a result need to be reviewed from time to time. Although web sites as marketing tools offer significant advantages, such as accessibility of information, provision of relevant information, handling of complaints, low cost, and customer service, there has been very little research into their role in urban management. Using the content provided by each municipality's official web site as a source, this paper offers a different perspective which complements research performed through other methods.
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2019
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 02-10-2021
DOI: 10.3390/LAND10101038
Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic did not only impact all spheres of life but came abruptly to redefine our understanding of the urban-scape. With changing user-values and user-needs, there is a renewed realisation of the importance of the human-scape and how human capital, social issues, and liveability considerations will progressively lead urban development discussions. The urban-scape risk is far more complex and fragile than previously anticipated, with the future of the city centre dependent on our ability to successfully manage the transition from an urban-scape to a human-scape. This research employed a narrative review methodology to reflect on COVID-19 trends that will shape future city centres, based on expert contributions pertaining to (1) the community sector, (2) the public sector, and (3) the private sector within the Sydney Metropolitan area of Australia. The research highlighted the changing human-scape needs and associated impacts of (1) changing movement patterns, (2) changing social infrastructure, and (3) increasing multifunctionality, which will be crucial factors in shaping attractive (future) city centres. The research contributes to the notion that future city centres will embrace and prioritise the human-scape in a response to ‘build back better’, and accordingly, identified how the human-scape can be articulated in broader spatial planning approaches to create attractive future city centres.
Publisher: Science Publishing Group
Date: 2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-10-2020
DOI: 10.1002/PA.2510
Abstract: Settlement categorisation differs tremendously between countries making their cross‐comparison, globally, close to impossible. In 2012, the United Nations (UN) proposed a manner in which settlements within its member states could be classified. However, the proposed typology is rather broad and does not offer much on how settlements are classified. Consequently, this paper explored how settlements in South Africa (one of the UN member states) have been categorised, as it is believed that at the least settlements should be categorised consistently within a particular country. This paper conducted an explorative literature review in order to uncover how settlements have been classified in South Africa between 1993 and 2016 in order to draw deduction on the typology of settlements in South Africa. Findings were drawn through a comparative analysis of the literature in order to determine if there was consistency in the understanding of how settlements are classified within the country. The paper found that the categorisation of settlements within South Africa has been a rather contentious matter and the method of classification being fickle in its application. The paper calls for a more structured approach to categorising settlements within the country and pose spatial considerations for other countries dealing with similar issues. Future research in this regard should be considered in order to understand the application of settlement typologies in the quest of a uniform classification as envisioned by the UN.
Publisher: WIT Press
Date: 03-12-2013
DOI: 10.2495/SC130221
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2018
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-12-2015
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 16-01-2019
DOI: 10.3390/SU11020455
Abstract: Spatial planning decision-making is progressively acknowledging that nature-based solutions are substantially beneficial to urban communities and their host cities. This paper is a meta-study of the current state of spatial planning practice in South Africa, with special focus on nature-based solutions and green infrastructure planning. The complexities and perceptions relating to green infrastructure planning in South Africa is presented, based on the findings of nine independent studies conducted between 2014 and 2018. The collective interpretation of these findings are thematically reported on in terms of (i) the concept of Green Infrastructure as perceived from a local perspective, ii2) the functionality of green infrastructure in local (urban and rural) context, (iii) the benefits (and value) of green infrastructure in local context which probe to be contradicting international accepted theory, and (iv) long term planning strategies and opportunities relating to green infrastructure provision in South Africa and Africa. The paper emphasizes the importance of context-based planning based on the unique considerations illustrated in the (South) African case studies which amongst others disproved the green compensation hypothesis and disproved the green proximity principle. As a result, the paper calls on long-term strategies to align green infrastructure as part of mainstream spatial planning approaches, along with value capturing approaches to sensitize decision-makers to prioritize green infrastructure within broader land-use planning approaches.
Publisher: WIT Press
Date: 03-12-2013
DOI: 10.2495/SC130261
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 19-07-2013
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Date: 02-08-2013
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 08-08-2022
DOI: 10.1080/21548331.2022.2114741
Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic severely restricted in-person learning. As a result, many educational institutions switched to online platforms to continue teaching. COVID-19 webinars have been useful for rapidly disseminating information to frontline healthcare workers. While conducting COVID-19 webinars through online platforms is a popular method to train medical professionals, their effectiveness has never been investigated. Our aim was to ascertain the usefulness of COVID-19 webinars during the pandemic. We conducted an online survey of about 400 frontline healthcare workers. 112 people responded to the survey (response rate = 28%). In it, we asked several questions to determine whether webinars had been a useful resource to help deal with COVID-19 patients. We found that a majority of healthcare worker respondents had favorable opinions of online education during the pandemic as around 78% of respondents either agreed or highly agreed that webinars are a useful source of knowledge. A significant proportion (34%) did not participate in webinars and gave time constraints as their main reason for not participating. Our results indicated that while online education is a great way to disseminate information quickly to a large amount of people, it also comes with its disadvantages. As we transition into a post-pandemic world, we need to make sure that online teaching is designed with the best interests of the healthcare workers in mind to ensure that we get the most out of it.
Publisher: WIT Press
Date: 17-08-2007
DOI: 10.2495/UT070111
Publisher: University of the Free State
Date: 09-12-2016
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 16-03-2010
DOI: 10.1108/17538331011030275
Abstract: The Green Credit Tool is evaluated as a method to quantify the value of green‐spaces and to determine how these green‐space‐values can be replaced or compensated for within urban spatial planning projects. Amersfoort Local Municipality created the Green Credit Tool to ensure protection and enhancement of the urban green totality. The tool is described and evaluated based on three core elements: the value matrix, the collection of values and green compensation. Findings were based on case studies in Parkweelde and Randerbroek (Amersfoort, The Netherlands). Green‐planning is not just about flora and fauna, but also about planning for economic benefits and thus needs to have a quantifiable value. The Green Credit Tool enhances integrated green‐planning by means of the value matrix (identifying values of green), collecting values (participation and stakeholder‐identification) and compensation (protecting green spaces). Assessment of green values will differ between users, experts and between locations. The Green Credit Tool introduces a different perspective to green‐spaces that can add value to urban environments and thus creates economic spin‐offs. It stresses the need for environmental issues to play a greater role in future planning processes. Green‐planning is known to have various psychological benefits. The Green Credit Tool is a communication tool and thus incorporates public opinions, enhances social responsibility and enhances awareness of the broader benefits of green spaces. The Green Credit Tool creates an integrated approach towards the planning of green‐spaces, enhancing the value of green areas and thus ensuring qualitative urban planning and sustainable economic development.
Publisher: Cogitatio
Date: 14-10-2021
Abstract: There is an expanding understanding of the value and critical need for green(er) cities. It comes at a time when green spaces are depleting on a global scale, in order for cities to host the majority of the world’s population. The contest between erse land-uses is inflating the pressure on already strained resources, intensifying the growing carbon footprint and impairing water quality, and compromising health and overall quality of life. Soon our cities will be far removed from the safe, clean, and liveable environments, as envisioned in planning theory, if we continue with business-as-usual. There is an increasing scientific appreciation of the interrelated role of green land-uses, the value of our environment and its related ecosystem services, which acts as catalyst to realise the objectives of broader sustainability. Although literature is clear on the importance, role, benefits, and impact of green(er) cities, the realisation of the greening initiatives in practice is still limited, and more should be done to embed green(er) thinking as part of mainstream urban planning. Urban spatial transformation is needed to reclaim nature for cities and to enhance the direct and indirect benefits that nature provides to contemporary societies. This thematic issue considered various trans-disciplinary approaches to provide a way forward in the quest of prioritising the notion of green(er) cities, while drawing on a range of evidence-led initiatives.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 04-08-2023
DOI: 10.3390/S23156938
Abstract: This literature review highlights the emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the proliferation of connected devices as the driving force behind the adoption of smart spaces. This review also discusses the various applications of smart spaces, including smart homes, smart cities, and smart healthcare: (1) Background: the aim of this research is to provide a comprehensive overview of the concept of smart spaces, including their key features, technologies, and applications in built environments and urban areas (2) Methods: The study adopts a qualitative approach, drawing on secondary sources, such as academic journals, reports, and online sources (3) Results: The findings suggest that smart spaces have the potential to transform the way people interact with their environment and each other. They could improve efficiency, safety, and quality of life. However, there are also concerns about privacy and security in relation to the collection and use of personal data (4) Conclusions: The study concludes that smart spaces have significant theoretical and practical implications for various fields, including architecture, urban planning, and healthcare. The theoretical implications include the need for new models and frameworks to understand the complex relationships between technology, space, and society. The practical implications involve the development of new standards and regulations to ensure the responsible and ethical use of smart spaces.
Publisher: WIT Press
Date: 18-09-2017
DOI: 10.2495/SC170211
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 15-03-2022
DOI: 10.2196/27921
Abstract: The rapid emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic globally collapsed health care organizations worldwide. Incomplete knowledge of best practices, progression of disease, and its impact could result in fallible care. Data on symptoms and advancement of the SARS-CoV-2 virus leading to critical care admission have not been captured or communicated well between international organizations experiencing the same impact from the virus. This led to the expedited need for establishing international communication and data collection on the critical care patients admitted with COVID-19. Developing a global registry to collect patient data in the critical care setting was imperative with the goal of analyzing and ameliorating outcomes. A prospective, observational global registry database was put together to record extensive deidentified clinical information for patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Project management was crucial for prompt implementation of the registry for synchronization, improving efficiency, increasing innovation, and fostering global collaboration for valuable data collection. The Society of Critical Care Medicine Discovery VIRUS (Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study): COVID-19 Registry would compile data for crucial longitudinal outcomes for disease, treatment, and research. The agile project management approach expedited establishing the registry in 15 days and submission of institutional review board agreement for 250 participating sites. There has been enrollment of sites every month with a total of 306 sites from 28 countries and 64,114 patients enrolled (as of June 7, 2021). This protocol addresses project management lessons in a time of crises which can be a precept for rapid project management for a large-scale health care data registry. We aim to discuss the approach and methodology for establishing the registry, the challenges faced, and the factors contributing to successful outcomes. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04323787 t2/show/NCT04323787
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 27-09-2016
Publisher: WIT Press
Date: 23-09-2014
DOI: 10.2495/SC140361
Publisher: WIT Press
Date: 29-08-2008
DOI: 10.2495/SC080091
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1068/B37111
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 15-02-2021
Abstract: he rapid emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic globally collapsed health care organizations worldwide. Incomplete knowledge of best practices, progression of disease, and its impact could result in fallible care. Data on symptoms and advancement of the SARS-CoV-2 virus leading to critical care admission have not been captured or communicated well between international organizations experiencing the same impact from the virus. This led to the expedited need for establishing international communication and data collection on the critical care patients admitted with COVID-19. eveloping a global registry to collect patient data in the critical care setting was imperative with the goal of analyzing and ameliorating outcomes. prospective, observational global registry database was put together to record extensive deidentified clinical information for patients hospitalized with COVID-19. roject management was crucial for prompt implementation of the registry for synchronization, improving efficiency, increasing innovation, and fostering global collaboration for valuable data collection. The Society of Critical Care Medicine Discovery VIRUS (Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study): COVID-19 Registry would compile data for crucial longitudinal outcomes for disease, treatment, and research. The agile project management approach expedited establishing the registry in 15 days and submission of institutional review board agreement for 250 participating sites. There has been enrollment of sites every month with a total of 306 sites from 28 countries and 64,114 patients enrolled (as of June 7, 2021). his protocol addresses project management lessons in a time of crises which can be a precept for rapid project management for a large-scale health care data registry. We aim to discuss the approach and methodology for establishing the registry, the challenges faced, and the factors contributing to successful outcomes. linicalTrials.gov NCT04323787 t2/show/NCT04323787
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-04-2018
Publisher: University of the Free State
Date: 12-06-2019
Publisher: University of the Free State
Date: 12-06-2019
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 15-05-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2014
Publisher: WIT Press
Date: 25-05-2015
Publisher: WIT Press
Date: 25-05-2015
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 06-2014
DOI: 10.1068/B39098
Abstract: The idea of ‘place’ has long been central to the planning and design practice. Recent trends illustrate increased intervention in the ‘experience’ and ‘feeling’ of places, in order to influence and enhance community dynamics. While place-making is an important tool for experts to utilize in community planning, it should be accompanied by a thorough understanding of the contemporary social dynamics of place and the implications it has for the people who inhabit these places. In this sense, participatory planning forms an integral part of future place-making processes and planning thereof. In this paper, the first aim is to capture the importance of incorporating public perspective into the place-making process when considering future urban planning. The second is to stress the importance of the creative participatory processes to attract stakeholders and enhance their willingness to partake in the participatory planning processes. The third aim is to identify creative participatory planning tools that can be used to enhance participatory planning within the place-making process.
No related grants have been discovered for Elizelle Juanee Cilliers.