ORCID Profile
0000-0001-6863-5262
Current Organisation
GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel
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Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2018
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-08-2015
DOI: 10.1038/NGEO2515
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2020
Publisher: International Ocean Discovery Program
Date: 05-07-2019
Publisher: International Ocean Discovery Program
Date: 05-07-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2016
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2018
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 05-2014
DOI: 10.1002/2013GC005086
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 12-2015
DOI: 10.1002/2015GC005884
Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC
Date: 12-10-2020
DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-89845/V1
Abstract: The character of magmatism associated with the early stages of subduction zone and island arc development is unlike that of mature systems, being dominated in the Izu-Bonon-Mariana (IBM) case by low-Ti-K tholeiitic basalts and boninites. Basalts recovered by coring the basement of the Amami Sankaku Basin (ASB), located west of the oldest remnant arc of the IBM system (Kyushu-Palau Ridge KPR), were erupted at ~49 Ma, about 3 million years after subduction inception. The chain of stratovolcanoes defined by the KPR is superimposed on this basement. The basalts were sourced from upper mantle similar to that tapped following subduction inception, and represented by forearc basalt (FAB) dated at ~52-51 Ma. The mantle sources of the ASB basalt basement were more depleted by prior melt extraction than those involved in the vast majority of mid-ocean ridge (MOR) basalt generation. The ASB basalts are low-Ti-K, aluminous spinel-olivine-plagioclase-clinopyroxene-bearing tholeiites. We show this primary mineralogy is collectively distinct compared to basalts of MOR, backarc basins of the Philippine Sea Plate, forearc, or mature island arcs. In combination with bulk compositional (major and trace element abundances plus radiogenic isotope characteristics) data for the ASB basalts, we infer the upper mantle involved was hot (~1400oC), reduced, and refractory peridotite. For a few million years following subduction initiation, a broad region of mantle upwelling accompanied by partial melting prevailed. The ASB basalts were transferred rapidly from moderate pressures (1-2 GPa), preserving a mineralogy established at sub-crustal conditions, and experienced little of recharge-mix-tap-fractionate regimes typical of MOR or mature arcs.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2018
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 19-03-2021
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-021-21980-0
Abstract: The magmatic character of early subduction zone and arc development is unlike mature systems. Low-Ti-K tholeiitic basalts and boninites dominate the early Izu-Bonin-Mariana (IBM) system. Basalts recovered from the Amami Sankaku Basin (ASB), underlying and located west of the IBM’s oldest remnant arc, erupted at ~49 Ma. This was 3 million years after subduction inception (51-52 Ma) represented by forearc basalt (FAB), at the tipping point between FAB-boninite and typical arc magmatism. We show ASB basalts are low-Ti-K, aluminous spinel-bearing tholeiites, distinct compared to mid-ocean ridge (MOR), backarc basin, island arc or ocean island basalts. Their upper mantle source was hot, reduced, refractory peridotite, indicating prior melt extraction. ASB basalts transferred rapidly from pressures (~0.7-2 GPa) at the plagioclase-spinel peridotite facies boundary to the surface. Vestiges of a polybaric-polythermal mineralogy are preserved in this basalt, and were not obliterated during persistent recharge-mix-tap-fractionate regimes typical of MOR or mature arcs.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2014
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 09-2015
Publisher: International Ocean Discovery Program
Date: 05-07-2019
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 03-2022
DOI: 10.1029/2021GC010066
Abstract: Abundant volcanic activity occurs in the back‐arc region of the northern Tofua island arc where the Northeast Lau Spreading Center (NELSC) propagates southwards into older crust causing the formation of numerous seamounts at the propagating rift tip. An off‐axis volcanic diagonal ridge (DR) occurs at the eastern flank of the NELSC, linking the large rear‐arc volcano Niuatahi with the NELSC. New geochemical data from the NELSC, the southern propagator seamounts, and DR reveal that the NELSC lavas are tholeiitic basalts whereas the rear‐arc volcanoes typically erupt lavas with boninitic composition. The sharp geochemical boundary probably reflects the viscosity contrast between off‐axis hydrous harzburgitic mantle and dry fertile mantle beneath the NELSC. The new data do not indicate an inflow of Samoa plume mantle into the NELSC, confirming previously published He isotope data. The NELSC magmas form by mixing of an enriched and a depleted Indian Ocean‐type upper mantle end‐member implying a highly heterogeneous upper mantle composition in this area. Most NELSC lavas are little affected by a slab component implying that melting is adiabatic beneath the spreading center. The DR lavas show the influence of a component from the subducted Louisville Seamount Chain, which was previously thought to be restricted to the nearby arc volcanoes Niuatoputapu and Tafahi. This signature is rarely detected along the NELSC implying little mixing of melts from the low‐viscosity hydrous portion of the mantle wedge beneath the rear‐arc volcanoes into the melting region of the dry mantle beneath the NELSC.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2012
Publisher: International Ocean Discovery Program
Date: 05-07-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-04-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-04-2016
DOI: 10.1038/NGEO2704
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-03-2013
DOI: 10.1038/NGEO1758
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Date: 04-2013
DOI: 10.1130/G33911.1
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-12-2012
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 07-2020
DOI: 10.1029/2020GC008924
Abstract: Back‐arc basins open in response to subduction processes, which cause extension in the upper plate, usually along trench‐parallel spreading axes. However, global seismic databases reveal that the majority of seismic events in the Lau Basin occur along transcurrent (strike‐slip) rather than extensional faults. To better characterize active deformation in this region, we compared centroid moment tensors (CMTs), calculated for large (Mw 5), shallow ( km) seismic events, to the orientations of seafloor lineaments mapped throughout the Lau Basin. Ship‐based multibeam and satellite altimetry were combined with vertical gravity gradient data to create the lineament map. By comparing the possible focal planes of the CMTs to the orientations of the lineaments, the most likely fault plane solutions were selected, thus classifying the faults and establishing the nature of the highly variable stress regimes in the basin. We resolved the strike, dip, and dip direction of 308 faults and classified 258 additional structures by fault type. The analysis highlights a stress regime that is dominated by a combination of left‐lateral and right‐lateral strike‐slip faults, large‐scale transcurrent motion along rigid crustal‐scale fault zones, and nonrigid diffuse deformation along preexisting seafloor structures, with extension mainly limited to the tips of propagating rifts and spreading centers. By resolving many of the uncertain motions on the mapped lineaments of the Lau Basin, the CMT analysis addresses a number of questions concerning basin‐scale stress regimes and microplate development, complementing GPS measurements, and providing a more complete picture of the complexities of back‐arc basin development.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2017
Publisher: International Ocean Discovery Program
Date: 05-07-2019
Publisher: International Ocean Discovery Program
Date: 05-07-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2018
Publisher: International Ocean Discovery Program
Date: 05-07-2019
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 03-2017
Location: Brazil
Location: No location found
No related grants have been discovered for Philipp Brandl.