ORCID Profile
0000-0003-1336-5490
Current Organisations
McLaughlin Research Institute
,
University of Nottingham
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Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-11-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-08-2021
DOI: 10.1038/S41378-021-00293-8
Abstract: Exosomes are cell-derived nanovesicles that have recently gained popularity as potential biomarkers in liquid biopsies due to the large amounts of molecular cargo they carry, such as nucleic acids and proteins. However, most existing exosome-based analytical sensing methods struggle to achieve high sensitivity and high selectivity simultaneously. In this work, we present an electrochemical micro-aptasensor for the highly sensitive detection of exosomes by integrating a micropatterned electrochemical aptasensor and a hybridization chain reaction (HCR) signal lification method. Specifically, exosomes are enriched on CD63 aptamer-functionalized electrodes and then recognized by HCR products with avidin-horseradish peroxidase (HRP) attached using EpCAM aptamers as bridges. Subsequently, the current signal that is generated through the enzyme reaction between the HRP enzyme and 3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB)/H 2 O 2 directly correlates to the amount of bound HRP on the HCR products and thus to the number of target exosomes. By introducing anti-EpCAM aptamers, micro-aptasensors can detect cancerous exosomes with high specificity. Due to the micropatterned electrodes and HCR dual- lification strategy, the micro-aptasensors achieve a linear detection response for a wide range of exosome concentrations from 2.5×10 3 to 1×10 7 exosomes/mL, with a detection limit of 5×10 2 exosomes/mL. Moreover, our method successfully detects lung cancer exosomes in serum s les of early-stage and late-stage lung cancer patients, showcasing the great potential for early cancer diagnosis.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-06-2022
DOI: 10.1111/GEB.13555
Abstract: Historically, wildfire regimes produced important landscape‐scale disturbances in many regions globally. The “pyro ersity begets bio ersity” hypothesis suggests that wildfires that generate temporally and spatially heterogeneous mosaics of wildfire severity and post‐burn recovery enhance bio ersity at landscape scales. However, river management has often led to channel incision that disconnects rivers from their floodplains, desiccating floodplain habitats and depleting groundwater. In conjunction with predicted increases in frequency, intensity and extent of wildfires under climate change, this increases the likelihood of deep, uniform burns that reduce bio ersity. Recent focus on floodplain re‐wetting and restoration of successional floodplain habitat mosaics, developed for river management and flood prevention, could reduce wildfire intensity in restored floodplains and make the burns less uniform, increasing climate‐change resilience an important synergy. According to theory, this would also enhance bio ersity. However, this possibility is yet to be tested empirically. We suggest potential research avenues. We illustrate the interaction between wildfire and river restoration using a restoration project in Oregon, USA. A project to reconnect the South Fork McKenzie River and its floodplain suffered a major burn (“Holiday Farm” wildfire, 2020), offering a rare opportunity to study the interaction between this type of river restoration and wildfire specifically, the predicted increases in pyro ersity and bio ersity. Given the importance of river and wetland ecosystems for bio ersity globally, a research priority should be to increase our understanding of potential mechanisms for a “triple win” of flood reduction, wildfire alleviation and bio ersity promotion.
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Matthew Johnson.