Ian Gentle

Kerr effects, Rayleigh depolarization ratios, polarizabilities, and hyperpolarizabilities of fluorobenzene and pentafluorobenzene

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 03-1990

DOI: 10.1021/J100368A023

Escalated-dose somatostatin analogues for antiproliferative effect in GEPNETS: a systematic review

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 19-07-2017

DOI: 10.1007/S12020-017-1360-Z

Abstract: Somatostatin analogues are the cornerstone of systemic therapy for metastatic well-differentiated gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours for both hormonal control and antiproliferative effect. Dose escalation of somatostatin analogues is often utilized in clinical practice, but small studies have yielded mixed results. The aim of this study was to systematically determine the efficacy and safety of escalated-dose somatostatin analogues in the above setting. Eligible trials (using more than 30 mg octreotide or 120 mg lanreotide/28 days) were identified from MEDLINE, EMBASE, other databases and conference proceedings. Demographics, disease control rate, objective response rate, biochemical response, improvement in symptoms and toxicity were abstracted. Trials were synthesized qualitatively. Eighteen studies (1002 patients) were identified. The risk of bias was moderate for objective response outcomes, but high for the outcomes of symptom control and toxicity due to open-label trial designs. Disease control rates ranged from 30 to 100%, but response rates were modest (at 0-14%). Rates of biochemical improvement (27-100%) and symptom improvement (23-100%) ranged widely depending on the population studied and the definition of response. The most common toxicities were fatigue, diarrhoea, abdominal discomfort and cholelithiasis, with no severe or unexpected toxicities compared to standard-dose somatostatin analogues. The current evidence indicates that escalated-dose somatostatin analogues are well-tolerated in patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours, with significant rates of disease control but low rates of tumour response. It was difficult to judge the exact rate of biochemical response or symptomatic improvement. There is a need for large, prospective studies investigating the role of escalated-dose somatostatin analogues in the treatment of metastatic gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours.

Relating Structure to Efficiency in Surfactant-Free Polymer/Fullerene Nanoparticle-Based Organic Solar Cells

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 28-11-2017

DOI: 10.1021/ACSAMI.7B15601

Abstract: Nanoparticle dispersions open up an ecofriendly route toward printable organic solar cells. They can be formed from a variety of organic semiconductors by using miniemulsions that employ surfactants to stabilize the nanoparticles in dispersion and to prevent aggregation. However, whenever surfactant-based nanoparticle dispersions have been used to fabricate solar cells, the reported performances remain moderate. In contrast, solar cells from nanoparticle dispersions formed by precipitation (without surfactants) can exhibit power conversion efficiencies close to those of state-of-the-art solar cells processed from blend solutions using chlorinated solvents. In this work, we use small-angle neutron scattering measurements and transient absorption spectroscopy to investigate why surfactant-free nanoparticles give rise to efficient organic solar cells. We show that surfactant-free nanoparticles comprise a uniform distribution of small semiconductor domains, similar to that of bulk-heterojunction films formed using traditional solvent processing. This observation differs from surfactant-based miniemulsion nanoparticles that typically exhibit core-shell structures. Hence, the surfactant-free nanoparticles already possess the optimum morphology for efficient energy conversion before they are assembled into the photoactive layer of a solar cell. This structural property underpins the superior performance of the solar cells containing surfactant-free nanoparticles and is an important design criterion for future nanoparticle inks.

Anodic chlorine/nitrogen co-doping of reduced graphene oxide films at room temperature

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 08-2012

DOI: 10.1016/J.CARBON.2011.12.054

Surface Roughness of Stainless Steel Influences Attachment and Detachment of Escherichia coli O157

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 08-2011

DOI: 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-11-006

Abstract: Determining the influence of surface roughness on Escherichia coli O157 attachment to and detachment from stainless steel (SS) is important for controlling this foodborne pathogen. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interactions of six E. coli strains (four O157:H7, one O157:H12, and one O1:H7) with SS type 304 finishes of various surface roughness: 2B (unpolished surface), 4 (common food grade SS), and 8 (polished smooth surface). In attachment assays (exposure to cell suspensions with periodic swirling), bacteria were enumerated by epifluorescence microscopy, and in detachment assays a blotting technique and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used. Attachment data suggest that E. coli attach in greater numbers to significantly smoother SS8 however, detachment assays and AFM data suggest cells are more easily removed from this finish. Conversely, attachment to SS2B was lower, and AFM data suggest that E. coli O157 may adhere more strongly to this finish. Attachment and detachment data for SS4 was variable, suggesting complex attachment mechanisms to this type of SS. SS4 is the most common material used in food processing facilities. The data from this study indicate that bacterial interactions with SS4 are complex and less easily predicted than those with SS of other finishes, including 2B and 8. These differences in bacterial attachment may be of concern to the food industry and warrant further investigation.

Functions in cooperation for enhanced oxygen reduction reaction: the independent roles of oxygen and nitrogen sites in metal-free nanocarbon and their functional synergy

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2017

DOI: 10.1039/C6TA10336G

Abstract: Oxygen and nitrogen-doped nanocarbons carry different functions and can cooperatively promote the oxygen reduction reaction.

In Operando Closed-cell Transmission Electron Microscopy for Rechargeable Battery Characterization: Scientific Breakthroughs and Practical Limitations

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 06-2022

DOI: 10.1016/J.NANOEN.2022.107083

Rigid Films of an Anionic Porphyrin and a Dialkyl Chain Surfactant

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 05-2007

DOI: 10.1021/JP0677391

Abstract: The 2D complex formed at the air-water interface between the dialkyl chain cationic surfactant, dihexadecyldimethylammonium bromide, and the anionic porphyrin, tetrakis-(4-sulfonatophenyl) porphine, was studied using surface pressure-area isotherms as well as X-ray and neutron reflection measurements. The surface structure of these films was determined by the use of simultaneously constrained analysis of the neutron and X-ray reflectometry data and BAM images. Isotopic contrast variation methods were employed to enhance the information content of the neutron reflection data. The rigid complex forms at the interface due to the electrostatic interaction between the cationic headgroups of the surfactant and the anionic functional groups at the meso position of the porphyrin. The surface pressure-area isotherms show three distinct regions on compression: an initial condensed phase that ends with a pressure peak at 36 mN m-1, a second plateau region of high compressibility, and a final condensed phase. BAM images show that at the beginning of the plateau region in the isotherm there is complete surface coverage by a monolayer. The constrained simultaneous fitting of neutron and X-ray data measured just prior to and after the pressure peak shows a structurally similar 2D complex at the interface. Modeling of X-ray reflectometry data also reveals that in the final high-pressure phase the film has folded to form a trilayer. The conclusion is that the plateau region of the isotherm is due to the formation of trilayer surface coverage through localized buckling or folding, and that after this is complete there is some condensation before final film collapse.

Hybrid Nanocomposite Colloidal Crystals via In-Situ Synthesis of Nanoparticles Within Polyelectrolyte Shell

Publisher: American Scientific Publishers

Date: 02-2009

DOI: 10.1166/JNN.2009.C149

Abstract: Three-dimensional (3D) colloidal crystals with polyelectrolyte (PE)/nanoparticles (NPs) hybrid shells were fabricated by crystallization of PE multilayer-coated colloidal particles on quartz substrates followed by in-situ synthesis of NPs within the PE shell via ion-exchange and chemical reduction. Both metal (Ag) and semiconductor (CdS) NPs could be formed on the particle shell. It was also demonstrated that the position of the stop band of the colloidal crystal could be finely tuned by adjusting the shell composition.

Formulation and physical characterization of microemulsions containing isotretinoin

Publisher: IEEE

Date: 12-2009

DOI: 10.1109/ICBPE.2009.5384088

Enhanced Electroactivity of Facet-Controlled Co3O4 Nanocrystals for Enzymeless Biosensing

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 2016

DOI: 10.1016/J.JMST.2015.11.014

Electron-beam writing of deoxygenated micro-patterns on graphene oxide film

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 12-2015

DOI: 10.1016/J.CARBON.2015.08.116

Diffusion in Organic Film Stacks Containing Solution-Processed Phosphorescent Poly(dendrimer) Dopants

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 25-06-2021

DOI: 10.1021/ACSAMI.1C05940

Enhanced Safety and Performance of High-Voltage Solid-State Sodium Battery through Trilayer, Multifunctional Electrolyte Design

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 10-2021

DOI: 10.1016/J.ENSM.2021.05.040

A microporous-mesoporous carbon with graphitic structure for a high-rate stable sulfur cathode in carbonate solvent-based Li-S batteries

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2012

DOI: 10.1039/C2CP40808B

Abstract: A microporous-mesoporous carbon with graphitic structure was developed as a matrix for the sulfur cathode of a Li-S cell using a mixed carbonate electrolyte. Sulfur was selectively introduced into the carbon micropores by a melt adsorption-solvent extraction strategy. The micropores act as solvent-restricted reactors for sulfur lithiation that promise long cycle stability. The mesopores remain unfilled and provide an ion migration pathway, while the graphitic structure contributes significantly to low-resistance electron transfer. The selective distribution of sulfur in micropores was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), nitrogen cryosorption analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The high-rate stable lithiation-delithiation of the carbon-sulfur cathode was evaluated using galvanostatic charge-discharge tests, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The cathode is able to operate reversibly over 800 cycles with a 1.8 C discharge-recharge rate. This integration of a micropore reactor, a mesopore ion reservoir, and a graphitic electron conductor represents a generalized strategy to be adopted in research on advanced sulfur cathodes.

Fabrication of graphene/polyaniline composite paper via in situ anodic electropolymerization for high-performance flexible electrode

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 02-06-2009

DOI: 10.1021/NN900297M

Abstract: Freestanding and flexible graphene olyaniline composite paper was prepared by an in situ anodic electropolymerization of polyaniline film on graphene paper. This graphene-based composite paper electrode, consisting of graphene olyaniline composite sheets as building blocks, shows a favorable tensile strength of 12.6 MPa and a stable large electrochemical capacitance (233 F g(-1) and 135 F cm(-3) for gravimetric and volumetric capacitances), which outperforms many other currently available carbon-based flexible electrodes and is hence particularly promising for flexible supercapacitors.

The value of mixed conduction for oxygen electroreduction on graphene–chitosan composites

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 07-2014

DOI: 10.1016/J.CARBON.2014.02.059

Specular and off-specular neutron reflectivity of a low molecular weight polystyrene surfactant at the air-water interface

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 06-1994

DOI: 10.1021/J100074A020

Studies of polyethylene-coated tin oxide films on glass bottles

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 2000

DOI: 10.1002/1096-9918(200010)29:10<663::AID-SIA919>3.0.CO;2-A

The structural impact of water sorption on device-quality melanin thin films

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2017

DOI: 10.1039/C6SM02420C

Abstract: The melanins are a class of pigmentary bio-macromolecules ubiquitous in the biosphere. They possess an intriguing set of physico-chemical properties and have been shown to exhibit hybrid protonic-electronic electrical conductivity, a feature derived from a process termed chemical self-doping driven by the sorption of water. Although the mechanism underlying the electrical conduction has been established, how the sorbed water interacts with the melanin structure at the physical level has not. Herein we use neutron reflectometry to study changes in the structure of synthetic melanin thin films as a function of H

Clustering of High Molecular Weight PCDTBT in Bulk-Heterojunction Casting Solutions

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 12-11-2015

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.MACROMOL.5B02040

On the origin of electrical conductivity in the bio-electronic material melanin

Publisher: AIP Publishing

Date: 27-02-2012

DOI: 10.1063/1.3688491

Abstract: The skin pigment melanin is one of a few bio-macromolecules that display electrical and photo-conductivity in the solid-state. A model for melanin charge transport based on amorphous semiconductivity has been widely accepted for 40 years. In this letter, we show that a central pillar in support of this hypothesis, namely experimental agreement with a hydrated dielectric model, is an artefact related to measurement geometry and non-equilibrium behaviour. Our results cast significant doubt on the validity of the amorphous semiconductor model and are a reminder of the difficulties of electrical measurements on low conductivity, disordered organic materials.

X-ray scattering studies of mixed monolayers of tetrakis(3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)porphinatocopper(II) with cadmium arachidate at the air/water interface

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 29-07-2000

DOI: 10.1021/LA000209Q

Reduction-induced surface amorphization enhances the oxygen evolution activity in Co3O4

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2015

DOI: 10.1039/C5RA00995B

Abstract: Modifying crystalline Co 3 O 4 by thermal H 2 annealing and air exposure produced an amorphous surface layer consisting of mixed hydrated cobalt hydroxide/carbonate species and remarkably enhanced the oxygen evolution activity.

Solution phase synthesis of halogenated graphene and the electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 06-2014

DOI: 10.1016/S1872-2067(14)60108-X

The role of functional materials to produce high areal capacity lithium sulfur battery

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 03-2020

DOI: 10.1016/J.JECHEM.2019.06.015

The binding and fluorescence quenching efficiency of nitroaromatic (explosive) vapors in fluorescent carbazole dendrimer thin films

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2013

DOI: 10.1039/C3CP51372F

Abstract: We present a study on three generations of fluorescent carbazole dendrimers that exhibit strong binding with nitroaromatic compounds accompanied by photoluminescence (PL) quenching, making them attractive sensing materials for the detection of explosives such as 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). The absorption and release of vapors of the (deuterated) TNT analogue 4-nitrotoluene (pNT) from thin films of the dendrimers were studied with a combination of time-correlated neutron reflectometry and PL spectroscopy. When saturated with pNT the PL of the films was fully quenched and could not be recovered with flowing nitrogen at room temperature but only upon heating to 40-80 °C. Although the majority of the absorbed pNT could be removed with this method the recovered films were found to still contain a residual pNT concentration of ~0.1 molecules per cubic nanometer. However, the proportion of the PL recovered increased with generation with the third generation dendrimer exhibiting close to full recovery despite the presence of residual pNT. This result is attributed to a combination of two effects. First, the dendrimer films present a range of binding sites for nitroaromatic molecules with the stronger binding sites surviving the thermal recovery process. Second, there is a large decrease of the exciton diffusion coefficient with dendrimer generation, preventing migration of the excitation to the remaining bound pNT.

Solid State Dendrimer Sensors: Effect of Dendrimer Dimensionality on Detection and Sequestration of 2,4-Dinitrotoluene

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 30-08-2011

DOI: 10.1021/JP205586S

The structures of Langmuir-Blodgett films of fatty acids and their salts

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 05-2001

DOI: 10.1016/S0001-8686(99)00031-7

Abstract: Recent advances in several experimental techniques have enabled detailed structural information to be obtained for floating (Langmuir) monolayers and Langmuir-Blodgett films. These techniques are described briefly and their application to the study of films of fatty acids and their salts is discussed. Floating monolayers on aqueous subphases have been shown to possess a complex polymorphism with phases whose structures may be compared to those of smectic mesophases. However, only those phases that exist at high surface pressures are normally used in Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) deposition. In single LB monolayers of fatty acids and fatty acid salts the acyl chains are in the all-trans conformation with their long axes normal to the substrate. The in-plane molecular packing is hexagonal with long-range bond orientational order and short-range positional order: known as the hexatic-B structure. This structure is found irrespective of the phase of the parent floating monolayer. The structures of multilayer LB films are similar to the structures of their bulk crystals, consisting of stacked bilayer lamellae. Each lamella is formed from two monolayers of fatty acid molecules or ions arranged head to head and held together by hydrogen bonding between pairs of acids or ionic bonding through the alent cations. With acids the acyl chains are tilted with respect to the substrate normal and have a monoclinic structure, whereas the salts with alent cations may have the chains normal to the substrate or tilted. The in-plane structures are usually centred rectangular with the chains in the trans conformation and packed in a herringbone pattern. Multilayer films of the acids show only a single-step order-disorder transition at the melting point. This temperature tends to rise as the number of layers increases. Complex changes occur when multilayer films of the salts are heated. Disorder of the chains begins at low temperatures but the arrangement of the head groups does not alter until the melting temperature is reached. Slow heating to a temperature just below the melting temperature gives, with some salts, a radical change in phase. The lamellar structure disappears and a new phase consisting of cylindrical rods lying parallel to the substrate surface and stacked in a hexagonal pattern is formed. In each rod the cations are aligned along the central axis surrounded by the disordered acyl chains.

Improved stability of non-ITO stacked electrodes for large area flexible organic solar cells

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 11-2014

DOI: 10.1016/J.SOLMAT.2014.06.032

Time-Resolved Neutron Reflectometry and Photovoltaic Device Studies on Sequentially Deposited PCDTBT-Fullerene Layers

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 15-09-2014

DOI: 10.1021/LA5020779

Abstract: We have used steady-state and time-resolved neutron reflectometry to study the diffusion of fullerene derivatives into the narrow optical gap polymer poly[N-9″-hepta-decanyl-2,7-carbazole-alt-5,5-(4',7'-di-2-thienyl-2',1',3'-benzothiadiazole)] (PCDTBT) to explore the sequential processing of the donor and acceptor for the preparation of efficient organic solar cells. It was found that when [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric-acid-methyl-ester (60-PCBM) was deposited onto a thin film of PCDTBT from dichloromethane (DCM), a three-layer structure was formed that was stable below the glass-transition temperature of the polymer. When good solvents for the polymer were used in conjunction with DCM, both 60-PCBM and [6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric-acid-methyl-ester (70-PCBM) were seen to form films that had a thick fullerene layer containing little polymer and a PCDTBT-rich layer near the interface with the substrate. Devices composed of films prepared by sequential deposition of the polymer and fullerene had efficiencies of up to 5.3%, with those based on 60-PCBM close to optimized bulk heterojunction (BHJ) cells processed in the conventional manner. Sequential deposition of pure components to form the active layer is attractive for large-area device fabrication, and the results demonstrate that this processing method can give efficient solar cells.

Determination of fullerene scattering length density: A critical parameter for understanding the fullerene distribution in bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic devices

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 27-01-2014

DOI: 10.1021/LA403951J

Abstract: Fullerene derivatives are commonly used as electron acceptors in combination with (macro)molecular electron donors in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices. Understanding the BHJ structure at different electron donor/acceptor ratios is critical to the continued improvement and development of OPVs. The high neutron scattering length densities (SLDs) of the fullerenes provide effective contrast for probing the distribution of the fullerene within the blend in a nondestructive way. However, recent neutron scattering studies on BHJ films have reported a wide range of SLDs ((3.6-4.4) × 10(-6) Å(-2)) for the fullerenes 60-PCBM and 70-PCBM, leading to differing interpretations of their distribution in thin films. In this article, we describe an approach for determining more precisely the scattering length densities of the fullerenes within a polymer matrix in order to accurately quantify their distribution within the active layers of OPV devices by neutron scattering techniques.

Impact of Dimerization on Phase Separation and Crystallinity in Bulk Heterojunction Films Containing Non-Fullerene Acceptors

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 06-06-2016

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.MACROMOL.6B00984

The production and verification of pristine semi-fluorinated thiol monolayers on gold

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 03-2012

DOI: 10.1016/J.JCIS.2011.10.081

Abstract: The presence of adventitious contamination of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) is a well-known phenomenon that is often overlooked or underestimated in the literature. Herein, we demonstrate that it is possible to produce pristine self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold surfaces that are devoid of adventitious species. The chemical purity or the pristine quality of the SAM was verified by the experimental relative atomic ratios measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of all elements including carbon and corresponded to within 5% of the stoichiometric ratios. Perfluoro-octyl-thiolate (F8) was used as a model compound in this study, where monolayers were assembled from solutions of an acetylated F8 precursor. Quantitative elemental characterization of the acetylated F8 precursor by cold-stage XPS provided valuable reference data for the analysis of the subsequent SAMs. Comprehensive analysis of high-resolution XPS C 1s spectra proved to be essential for establishing the purity of the SAMs, since the peaks of the adventitious species were easily distinguished from those of the F8. Analyses of deliberately contaminated F8 SAMs showed that the adventitious species persisted during the process of self-assembly and therefore co-existed with the SAM in the interfacial region. The work also established that even a lengthy deposition time of 18 h was incapable of displacing the adventitious species present at the interface.

Fluorinated Interlayer Modulation of NiOx-Based Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 09-09-2022

DOI: 10.1021/ACSAMI.2C11082

Abstract: p-Type inorganic nickel oxide (NiOx) exhibits high transparency, tunable-optoelectronic properties, and a work function (

Host-Free Blue Phosphorescent Dendrimer Organic Light-Emitting Field-Effect Transistors and Equivalent Light-Emitting Diodes: A Comparative Study

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 22-03-2017

DOI: 10.1021/ACSPHOTONICS.6B01019

Atomically Doped 2D Black Phosphorus for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 17-10-2023

DOI: 10.1002/SSTR.202300334

Temperature and pressure dependence of the electrooptical Kerr effect of sulfur dioxide

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 05-1990

DOI: 10.1021/J100372A016

Structural studies of copper(II)-amine terminated dendrimer complexes by EXAFS

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 12-2004

DOI: 10.1021/JP037569H

Hole-transporting materials for low donor content organic solar cells: Charge transport and device performance

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 2020

DOI: 10.1016/J.ORGEL.2019.105480

A comparative study on layered cobalt hydroxides in water oxidation

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 05-2016

DOI: 10.1002/APJ.2005

X-ray scattering studies of mixed Langmuir monolayers and Langmuir-Blodgett films of a noncentrosymmetric porphyrin with cadmium arachidate

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 14-02-2001

DOI: 10.1021/LA001262H

A statistical approach for modelling the physical process of bacterial attachment to abiotic surfaces

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 07-01-2021

DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2020.1865934

CsgA Production by Escherichia coli O157:H7 Alters Attachment to Abiotic Surfaces in Some Growth Environments

Publisher: American Society for Microbiology

Date: 15-10-2011

DOI: 10.1128/AEM.00277-11

Abstract: The role of curli expression in attachment of Escherichia coli O157:H7 to glass, Teflon, and stainless steel (SS) was investigated through the creation of csgA knockout mutants in two isolates of E. coli O157:H7. Attachment assays using epifluorescence microscopy and measurements of the force of adhesion of bacterial cells to the substrates using atomic force microscopy (AFM) force mapping were used to determine differences in attachment between wild-type (wt) and csgA -negative (Δ csgA ) strains following growth in four different media. The hydrophobicity of the cells was determined using contact angle measurements (CAM) and bacterial adhesion to hydrocarbons (BATH). The attachment assay results indicated that Δ csgA strains attached to glass, Teflon, and SS surfaces in significantly different numbers than their wt counterparts in a growth medium-dependent fashion ( P 0.05). However, no clear correlation was seen between attachment numbers, surface type, or growth medium. No correlation was seen between BATH and CAM results ( R 2 0.70). Hydrophobicity differed between the wt and Δ csgA in some cases in a growth medium- and method-dependent fashion ( P 0.05). AFM force mapping revealed no significant difference in the forces of adhesion to glass and SS surfaces between wt and Δ csgA strains ( P 0.05) but a significantly greater force of adhesion to Teflon for one of the two wt strains than for its Δ csgA counterpart ( P 0.05). This study shows that CsgA production by E. coli O157:H7 may alter attachment behavior in some environments however, further investigation is required in order to determine the exact relationship between CsgA production and attachment to abiotic surfaces.

Relativistic effects in a phosphorescent Ir(III) complex

Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)

Date: 21-01-2011

DOI: 10.1103/PHYSREVB.83.041105

Long-chain solid organic polysulfide cathode for high-capacity secondary lithium batteries

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 05-2018

DOI: 10.1016/J.ENSM.2017.11.007

Second hyperpolarizability and static polarizability anisotropy of carbon dioxide

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 04-1989

DOI: 10.1021/J100345A033

A Deeper Understanding of Metal Nucleation and Growth in Rechargeable Metal Batteries Through Theory and Experiment

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 29-09-2023

DOI: 10.1002/ANGE.202309247

Biocompatible polypeptide microcapsules via templating mesoporous silica spheres

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 05-2009

DOI: 10.1016/J.JCIS.2009.01.036

Abstract: We reported the stepwise formation of biocompatible poly(L-lysine) oly(L-glutamic acid) (PLL/PGA) multilayer films on mesoporous silica (MS) spheres via layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique. In-situ QCM revealed the nonlinear (exponential) growth of PLL/PGA multilayer films at both pH 5.5 and pH 7.0 conditions. Xi-potential measurements of the multilayer coated particles indicated that the multilayer surface was being charge-overcompensated in each adsorption step, thereby facilitating adsorption of the next oppositely charged polypeptide onto the MS spheres. Hollow polypeptide capsules could be obtained by subsequently removing silica cores in HF solution. By using enzyme-preloaded MS spheres as capsule templates, a general approach was developed for encapsulating enzymes in biocompatible microcapsules with high loading and retained bioactivity. The loading amount for several enzymes with different sizes and their bioactivity after encapsulation were also reported.

Molecular Lego®: Non-centrosymmetric alignment within interdigitating layers

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 31-10-2001

DOI: 10.1039/B105657N

Hydration-controlled X-band EPR spectroscopy: A tool for unravelling the complexities of the solid-state free radical in eumelanin

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 19-04-2013

DOI: 10.1021/JP401615E

Abstract: Melanin, the human skin pigment, is found everywhere in nature. Recently it has gained significant attention for its potential bioelectronic properties. However, there remain significant obstacles in realizing its electronic potential, in particular, the identity of the solid-state free radical in eumelanin, which has been implicated in charge transport. We have therefore undertaken a hydration-controlled continuous-wave electron paramagnetic resonance study on solid-state eumelanin. Herein we show that the EPR signal from solid-state eumelanin arises predominantly from a carbon-centered radical but with an additional semiquinone free radical component. Furthermore, the spin densities of both of these radicals can be manipulated using water and pH. In the case of the semiquinone radical, the comproportionation reaction governs the pH- and hydration-dependent behavior. In contrast, the mechanism underlying the carbon-centered radical's pH- and hydration-dependent behavior is not clear consequently, we have proposed a new destacking model in which the intermolecular structure of melanin is disordered due to π-π destacking, brought about by the addition of water or increased pH, which increases the proportion of semiquinone radicals via the comproportionation reaction.

A hydrophobic and fluorophilic coating layer for stable and reversible aqueous zinc metal anodes

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 10-2022

DOI: 10.1016/J.CEJ.2022.136607

Atomic force microscopy studies of Bowen Basin coal macerals

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 11-1997

DOI: 10.1016/S0016-2361(97)00133-6

Solid-State Dendrimer Sensors: Probing the Diffusion of an Explosive Analogue Using Neutron Reflectometry

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 17-07-2009

DOI: 10.1021/LA9017689

Abstract: Determining how analytes are sequestered into thin films is important for solid-state sensors that detect the presence of the analyte by oxidative luminescence quenching. We show that thin (230 +/- 30 A) and thick (750 +/- 50 A) films of a first-generation dendrimer comprised of 2-ethylhexyloxy surface groups, biphenyl-based dendrons, and a 9,9,9',9'-tetra-n-propyl-2,2'-bifluorene core, can rapidly and reversibly detect p-nitrotoluene by oxidative luminescence quenching. For both the thin and thick films the photoluminescence (PL) is quenched by p-nitrotoluene by approximately 90% in 4 s, which is much faster than that reported for luminescent polymer films. Combined PL and neutron reflectometry measurements on pristine and analyte-saturated films gave important insight into the analyte adsorption process. It was found that during the adsorption process the films swelled, being on average 4% thicker for both the thin and thick dendrimer films. At the same time the PL was completely quenched. On removal of the analyte the films returned to their original thickness and scattering length density, and the PL was restored, showing that the sensing process was fully reversible.

Effects of fluorination on iridium(III) complex phosphorescence: Magnetic circular dichroism and relativistic time-dependent density functional theory

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 16-02-2012

DOI: 10.1021/IC201899Z

Abstract: We use a combination of low temperature, high field magnetic circular dichroism, absorption, and emission spectroscopy with relativistic time-dependent density functional calculations to reveal a subtle interplay between the effects of chemical substitution and spin-orbit coupling (SOC) in a family of iridium(III) complexes. Fluorination at the ortho and para positions of the phenyl group of fac-tris(1-methyl-5-phenyl-3-n-propyl-[1,2,4]triazolyl)iridium(III) cause changes that are independent of whether the other position is fluorinated or protonated. This is demonstrated by a simple linear relationship found for a range of measured and calculated properties of these complexes. Further, we show that the phosphorescent radiative rate, k(r), is determined by the degree to which SOC is able to hybridize T(1) to S(3) and that k(r) is proportional to the inverse fourth power of the energy gap between these excitations. We show that fluorination in the para position leads to a much larger increase of the energy gap than fluorination at the ortho position. Theory is used to trace this back to the fact that fluorination at the para position increases the difference in electron density between the phenyl and triazolyl groups, which distorts the complex further from octahedral symmetry, and increases the energy separation between the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the HOMO-1. This provides a new design criterion for phosphorescent iridium(III) complexes for organic optoelectronic applications. In contrast, the nonradiative rate is greatly enhanced by fluorination at the ortho position. This may be connected to a significant redistribution of spectral weight. We also show that the lowest energy excitation, 1A, has almost no oscillator strength therefore, the second lowest excitation, 2E, is the dominant emissive state at room temperature. Nevertheless the mirror image rule between absorption and emission is obeyed, as 2E is responsible for both absorption and emission at all but very low (<10 K) temperatures.

A comparative study of V 2 O 5 modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) for lithium-ion batteries

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 09-2016

DOI: 10.1016/J.ELECTACTA.2016.07.132

Carbon-sulfur composites for Li-S batteries: Status and prospects

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2013

DOI: 10.1039/C3TA11045A

Power losses in conventional and inverted non-polymeric donor:fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cells - The role of vertical phase separation in BQR:PC₇₁BM blends

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 09-2022

DOI: 10.1016/J.ORGEL.2022.106594

Investigating charge generation in polymer:non-fullerene acceptor bulk heterojunction films

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 04-2018

DOI: 10.1016/J.ORGEL.2018.01.017

Mixed Domains Enhance Charge Generation and Extraction in Bulk-Heterojunction Solar Cells with Small-Molecule Donors

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 24-03-2018

DOI: 10.1002/AENM.201702941

“Soft” graphene oxide-organopolysulfide nanocomposites for superior pseudocapacitive lithium storage

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 04-2018

DOI: 10.1016/J.CCLET.2017.09.063

A flexible nanostructured sulphur-carbon nanotube cathode with high rate performance for Li-S batteries

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2012

DOI: 10.1039/C2EE22294A

Second hyperpolarizabilities and static and optical-frequency polarizability anisotropies of benzene, 1,3,5-trifluorobenzene, and hexafluorobenzene

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 11-1989

DOI: 10.1021/J100359A041

Mixed Thin Films of a Cationic Amphiphilic Porphyrin and n-Alkanes

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 24-06-2004

DOI: 10.1021/LA049969H

Abstract: Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of a cationic hiphilic porphyrin mixed with n-alkanes octadecane and hexatriacontane were prepared and characterized, to examine the influence of the alkanes on film structure and stability. While the structure present in these films was controlled primarily by the porphyrin, the addition of the alkanes resulted in significant changes to both the phase behavior of the Langmuir films and the molecular arrangement of the LB films. These changes, as well as the observed chain length effects, are explained in terms of the intermolecular interactions present in the films.

Structure of SP-B/DPPC Mixed Films Studied by Neutron Reflectometry

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 11-2008

DOI: 10.1529/BIOPHYSJ.108.134395

Morphology of OLED Film Stacks Containing Solution-Processed Phosphorescent Dendrimers

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 22-01-2018

DOI: 10.1021/ACSAMI.7B15542

Abstract: Organic light-emitting devices containing solution-processed emissive dendrimers can be highly efficient. The most efficient devices contain a blend of the light-emitting dendrimer in a host and one or more charge-transporting layers. Using neutron reflectometry measurements with in situ photoluminescence, we have investigated the structure of the as-formed film as well as the changes in film structure and dendrimer emission under thermal stress. It was found that the as-formed film stacks comprising poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate/host:dendrimer/1,3,5-tris(N-phenylbenzimidazol-2-yl)benzene (where the host was deuterated 4,4'-N,N'-di(carbazolyl)biphenyl or tris(4-carbazol-9-ylphenyl)amine, the host:dendrimer layer was solution-processed, and the 1,3,5-tris(N-phenylbenzimidazol-2-yl)benzene evaporated) had well-defined interfaces, indicating good wetting of each of the layers by the subsequently deposited layer. Upon thermal annealing, there was no change in the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate/host:dendrimer interface, but once the temperature reached above the T

The effect of fluorination on the low and high frequency dielectric constants of non-polymeric organic semiconductors – towards homojunction solar cells

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2023

DOI: 10.1039/D3TC02740F

Biomimetic Sn4P3 Anchored on Carbon Nanotubes as an Anode for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 17-07-2020

DOI: 10.1021/ACSNANO.0C03432

Revisiting oxygen reduction reaction on oxidized and unzipped carbon nanotubes

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 2015

DOI: 10.1016/J.CARBON.2014.09.060

Metal–Ligand Complexes as Molecular Metal-Ion Reservoirs for Highly Promoted Growth of β-Co(OH)2 Microplates

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 16-12-2016

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.CGD.5B01536

Erratum: The examination of graphene oxide for rechargeable lithium storage as a novel cathode material (J. Mater. Chem. A (2013) 1 (3607–3612) DOI: 10.1039/C3TA01658G)

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2021

DOI: 10.1039/D1TA90242C

Abstract: Correction for ‘The examination of graphene oxide for rechargeable lithium storage as a novel cathode material’ by Da-Wei Wang et al. , J. Mater. Chem. A , 2013, 1 , 3607–3612, DOI: 10.1039/C3TA01658G.

Oxygen Electrocatalysis at MnIII–Ox–C Hybrid Heterojunction: An Electronic Synergy or Cooperative Catalysis?

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 30-11-2019

DOI: 10.1021/ACSAMI.8B16325

Abstract: The interface at the metal oxide-carbon hybrid heterojunction is the source to the well-known "synergistic effect" in catalysis. Understanding the structure-function properties is key for designing more advanced catalyst-support systems. Using a model Mn

A niobium and tantalum co-doped perovskite cathode for solid oxide fuel cells operating below 500 °c

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 03-01-2017

DOI: 10.1038/NCOMMS13990

Abstract: The slow activity of cathode materials is one of the most significant barriers to realizing the operation of solid oxide fuel cells below 500 °C. Here we report a niobium and tantalum co-substituted perovskite SrCo 0.8 Nb 0.1 Ta 0.1 O 3−δ as a cathode, which exhibits high electroactivity. This cathode has an area-specific polarization resistance as low as ∼0.16 and ∼0.68 Ω cm 2 in a symmetrical cell and peak power densities of 1.2 and 0.7 W cm −2 in a Gd 0.1 Ce 0.9 O 1.95 -based anode-supported fuel cell at 500 and 450 °C, respectively. The high performance is attributed to an optimal balance of oxygen vacancies, ionic mobility and surface electron transfer as promoted by the synergistic effects of the niobium and tantalum. This work also points to an effective strategy in the design of cathodes for low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells.

The examination of graphene oxide for rechargeable lithium storage as a novel cathode material

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2013

DOI: 10.1039/C3TA01658G

Thiophene dendrimer-based low donor content solar cells

Publisher: AIP Publishing

Date: 05-09-2016

DOI: 10.1063/1.4961935

Abstract: Low donor content solar cells containing polymeric and non-polymeric donors blended with fullerenes have been reported to give rise to efficient devices. In this letter, we report that a dendrimeric donor can also be used in solution-processed low donor content devices when blended with a fullerene. A third generation dendrimer containing 42 thiophene units (42T) was found to give power conversion efficiencies of up to 3.5% when blended with PC70BM in optimized devices. The best efficiency was measured with 10 mole percent (mol. %) of 42T in PC70BM and X-ray reflectometry showed that the blends were uniform. Importantly, while 42T comprised 10 mol. % of the film, it made up 31% of the film by volume. Finally, it was found that solvent annealing was required to achieve the largest open circuit voltage and highest device efficiencies.

Electroactive cellulose-supported graphene oxide interlayers for Li-S batteries

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 11-2015

DOI: 10.1016/J.CARBON.2015.05.095

A water-dielectric capacitor using hydrated graphene oxide film

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2012

DOI: 10.1039/C2JM34476A

Effect of dendrimer surface groups on the properties of phosphorescent emissive films

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 12-2021

DOI: 10.1016/J.ORGEL.2021.106321

Possible dissolution pathways participating in the Mg corrosion reaction

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 03-2015

DOI: 10.1016/J.CORSCI.2014.12.004

Reversible alkali-metal reduction of C60 in liquid ammonia; first observation of near-infrared spectrum of C^5-60

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 1993

DOI: 10.1039/C39930000525

Investigating Morphology and Stability of Fac‐tris (2‐phenylpyridyl)iridium(III) Films for OLEDs

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 25-03-2011

DOI: 10.1002/ADFM.201002365

A Deeper Understanding of Metal Nucleation and Growth in Rechargeable Metal Batteries Through Theory and Experiment

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 29-09-2023

DOI: 10.1002/ANIE.202309247

Sc, Ge co-doping NASICON boosts solid-state sodium ion batteries' performance

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 09-2021

DOI: 10.1016/J.ENSM.2021.05.017

Multiple ordered phases in Langmuir-Blodgett films of cadmium arachidate at elevated temperatures

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 05-2003

DOI: 10.1021/LA027007+

The structure of mixed monolayer films of DPPC and hexadecanol

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 10-2000

DOI: 10.1016/S0927-7757(99)00539-7

Structure and thermal stability of Langmuir-Blodgett films of barium arachidate

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 02-2005

DOI: 10.1016/J.COLSURFA.2004.10.103

Functional molecular wires

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2008

DOI: 10.1039/B719417J

Abstract: The properties of self-assembled molecules may be tuned by sequentially coupling components on a gold surface, the molecular electronics toolbox of chemically reactive building blocks yielding molecular wires with diode-like current-voltage (I-V) characteristics. The bias for rectification in each case is dependent upon the sequence of electron-donating and electron-accepting moieties and similar behaviour has been achieved for four different contacting techniques.

The structure of ultrathin Langmuir-Blodgett films of cadmium behenate

Publisher: AIP Publishing

Date: 12-2005

DOI: 10.1063/1.2131067

Abstract: Grazing incidence x-ray-diffraction investigations of the structures of Langmuir-Blodgett films of cadmium behenate with 1, 2, 3, 5, and 21 monolayers are reported. The single monolayer film, deposited on a hydrophilic substrate, showed a hexagonal structure, whereas the bilayer film, deposited on a hydrophobic substrate, had a rectangular structure with herringbone orientation of the acyl chains. With multilayer films formed on a hydrophilic substrate, it was possible to detect that the hexagonal structure of the first layer was retained when additional layers were deposited and that the additional layers had the same rectangular structure as the bilayer.

Oriented nanoporous MOFs to mitigate polysulfides migration in lithium-sulfur batteries

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 09-2020

DOI: 10.1016/J.NANOEN.2020.105009

'Molecular zips': Evidence of the interdigitation of layers in Langmuir-Blodgett films of an optically non-linear dye and a compatible spacer

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 1996

DOI: 10.1039/JM9960600969

Two-Dimensional Titanium Carbonitride Mxene for High-Performance Sodium Ion Batteries

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 08-11-2018

DOI: 10.1021/ACSANM.8B01330

Detection of Explosive Vapors: The Roles of Exciton and Molecular Diffusion in Real-Time Sensing

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 09-2016

DOI: 10.1002/CPHC.201600767

Abstract: Time-resolved quartz crystal microbalance with in situ fluorescence measurements are used to monitor the sorption of the nitroaromatic (explosive) vapor, 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) into a porous pentiptycene-containing poly(phenyleneethynylene) sensing film. Correlation of the nitroaromatic mass uptake with fluorescence quenching shows that the analyte diffusion follows the Case-II transport model, a film-swelling-limited process, in which a sharp diffusional front propagates at a constant velocity through the film. At a low vapor pressure of DNT of ≈16 ppb, the analyte concentration in the front is sufficiently high to give an average fluorophore-analyte separation of ≈1.5 nm. Hence, a long exciton diffusion length is not required for real-time sensing in the solid state. Rather the diffusion behavior of the analyte and the strength of the binding interaction between the analyte and the polymer play first-order roles in the fluorescence quenching process.

Nanosphere Lithography: A Versatile Approach to Develop Transparent Conductive Films for Optoelectronic Applications

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 20-03-2022

DOI: 10.1002/ADMA.202103842

Abstract: Transparent conductive films (TCFs) are irreplaceable components in most optoelectronic applications such as solar cells, organic light‐emitting diodes, sensors, smart windows, and bioelectronics. The shortcomings of existing traditional transparent conductors demand the development of new material systems that are both transparent and electrically conductive, with variable functionality to meet the requirements of new generation optoelectronic devices. In this respect, TCFs with periodic or irregular nanomesh structures have recently emerged as promising candidates, which possess superior mechanical properties in comparison with conventional metal oxide TCFs. Among the methods for nanomesh TCFs fabrication, nanosphere lithography (NSL) has proven to be a versatile platform, with which a wide range of morphologically distinct nanomesh TCFs have been demonstrated. These materials are not only functionally erse, but also have advantages in terms of device compatibility. This review provides a comprehensive description of the NSL process and its most relevant derivatives to fabricate nanomesh TCFs. The structure‐property relationships of these materials are elaborated and an overview of their application in different technologies across disciplines related to optoelectronics is given. It is concluded with a perspective on current shortcomings and future directions to further advance the field.

Challenges in Fluorescence Detection of Chemical Warfare Agent Vapors Using Solid‐State Films

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 06-11-2020

DOI: 10.1002/ADMA.201905785

Abstract: Organophosphorus (OP)-based nerve agents are extremely toxic and potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and recent attacks involving nerve agents highlight the need for fast detection and intervention. Fluorescence-based detection, where the sensing material undergoes a chemical reaction with the agent causing a measurable change in the luminescence, is one method for sensing and identifying nerve agents. Most studies use the simulants diethylchlorophosphate and di-iso-propylfluorophosphate to evaluate the performance of sensors due to their reduced toxicity relative to OP nerve agents. While detection of nerve agent simulants in solution is relatively widely reported, there are fewer reports on vapor detection using solid-state sensors. Herein, progress in organic semiconductor sensing materials developed for solid-state detection of OP-based nerve agent vapors is reviewed. The effect of acid impurities arising from the hydrolysis of simulants and nerve agents on the efficacy and selectivity of the reported sensing materials is also discussed. Indeed, in some cases it is unclear whether it is the simulant that is detected or the acid hydrolysis products. Finally, it is highlighted that while analyte diffusion into the sensing film is critical in the design of fast, responsive sensing systems, it is an area that is currently not well studied.

Structures of mixed Langmuir-Blodgett films of tetrakis(3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)porphinatocopper(II) with cadmium arachidate: A grazing incidence synchrotron X-ray diffraction study

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 28-10-2000

DOI: 10.1021/LA9907679

Acid is a potential interferent in fluorescent sensing of chemical warfare agent vapors

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 26-03-2021

DOI: 10.1038/S42004-021-00482-6

Abstract: A common feature of fluorescent sensing materials for detecting chemical warfare agents (CWAs) and simulants is the presence of nitrogen-based groups designed to nucleophilically displace a phosphorus atom substituent, with the reaction causing a measurable fluorescence change. However, such groups are also basic and so sensitive to acid. In this study we show it is critical to disentangle the response of a candidate sensing material to acid and CWA simulant. We report that pyridyl-containing sensing materials designed to react with a CWA gave a strong and rapid increase in fluorescence when exposed to Sarin, which is known to contain hydrofluoric acid. However, when tested against acid-free diethylchlorophosphate and di- iso -propylfluorophosphate, simulants typically used for evaluating novel G-series CWA sensors, there was no change in the fluorescence. In contrast, simulants that had been stored or tested under a standard laboratory conditions all led to strong changes in fluorescence, due to acid impurities. Thus the results provide strong evidence that care needs to be taken when interpreting the results of fluorescence-based solid-state sensing studies of G-series CWAs and their simulants. There are also implications for the application of these pyridyl-based fluorescence and other nucleophilic/basic sensing systems to real-world CWA detection.

Emissive Material Optimization for Solution-Processed Exciplex OLEDs

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 08-11-2021

DOI: 10.1021/ACSAELM.1C00630

Diffusion - the Hidden Menace in Organic Optoelectronic Devices

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 29-12-2012

DOI: 10.1002/ADMA.201104029

Evaluating the Baylis-Hillman reaction of cyclic enones using surfactants in water

Publisher: Georg Thieme Verlag KG

Date: 27-10-2005

DOI: 10.1055/S-2005-921890

Time-resolved grazing-incidence diffraction studies of thin films using an imaging-plate camera and focusing monochromator

Publisher: International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)

Date: 03-1998

DOI: 10.1107/S0909049597018128

Recent advances in separators to mitigate technical challenges associated with re-chargeable lithium sulfur batteries

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2019

DOI: 10.1039/C8TA12066H

Abstract: Different classes of coating materials with their functional groups and mechanism of interaction with PSs.

Controlling hierarchy in solution-processed polymer solar cells based on crosslinked P3HT

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 07-08-2013

DOI: 10.1002/AENM.201200394

Review on areal capacities and long-term cycling performances of lithium sulfur battery at high sulfur loading

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 03-2019

DOI: 10.1016/J.ENSM.2018.12.024

Non-centrosymmetric alignment of optically nonlinear dyes

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 09-1995

DOI: 10.1016/0968-5677(96)89666-0

ZIF-8 derived hollow carbon to trap polysulfides for high performance lithium-sulfur batteries

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2021

DOI: 10.1039/D1NR01674A

Abstract: The commercial application of Lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) is impeded by the shuttle effect. We report zinc (Zn) and nitrogen (N) co-doped ZIF-8 derived hollow carbon (ZHC) as a promising separator coating for LSBs to control the shuttle effect.

Nanoassembly of biocompatible microcapsules for urease encapsulation and their use as biomimetic reactors

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2006

DOI: 10.1039/B601490A

Abstract: Biocompatible polypeptide capsules with high enzyme loading and activity prepared by templating mesoporous silica spheres were used as biomimetic reactors for performing CaCO3 synthesis exclusively inside the capsule interior via urease-catalyzed urea hydrolysis.

Engineering dielectric constants in organic semiconductors

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2017

DOI: 10.1039/C7TC00893G

Abstract: An optical-frequency dielectric constant of 4.6 leads to improved charge generation efficiency in an organic semiconductor homojunction photovoltaic device.

Effect of dendron structure on the luminescent and charge transporting properties of solution processed dendrimer-based OLEDs

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2021

DOI: 10.1039/D1TC03949K

Abstract: The energy transfer, PLQY, charge mobility, and OLED performance of blend films of first generation Ir(ppy) 3 -cored light-emitting dendrimers and dendrimeric TCTA-based hosts are found to be dependent on the dendrons and surface groups used.

Regulating electron transfer over asymmetric low-spin Co(II) for highly selective electrocatalysis

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 02-2022

DOI: 10.1016/J.CHECAT.2021.12.005

The DNA Protection During Starvation Protein (Dps) Influences Attachment of Escherichia coli to Abiotic Surfaces

Publisher: Mary Ann Liebert Inc

Date: 08-2011

DOI: 10.1089/FPD.2011.0837

Abstract: The attachment of bacterial species such as Escherichia coli to abiotic materials is of concern to the food industry. This study investigated the role of DNA protection during starvation protein (Dps) in cell surface hydrophobicity and attachment of E. coli to glass, stainless steel, and Teflon surfaces. The Dps was not found to influence hydrophobicity, but did have a putative role in attachment in a strain- and substrate-dependent manner.

Effect of PEDOT:PSS on the performance of solution-processed blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes with an exciplex host

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2022

DOI: 10.1039/D1MA00729G

Abstract: The acidity of the PEDOT:PSS hole injection layer was found to effect the performance of efficient solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes incorporating a light-emitting layer composed of a blue phosphorescent dendrimer:exciplex host blend.

Mesoporous silica templated biolabels with releasable fluorophores for immurroassays

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 06-06-2008

DOI: 10.1021/AC800430M

Abstract: A novel class of fluorescent immuno-biolabeling systems with extremely high F/P ratio (approximately 1000-6000) were prepared by combining the template method and layer-by-layer (LbL) technique. Labels were constructed by loading organic dye fluorescein diacetate (FDA) molecules onto hollow periodic mesoporous organosilica (H-PMO) particles followed by ployelectrolyte encapsulation and antibody attachment. The labeling systems were stimuli-responsive to the addition of concentrated NaOH with the loaded dye molecules being released and detected in a well-controlled manner. When applied in sandwich immunoassays, results indicated that the biolabels were immuno-active and generated an optimal signal that was approximately 50 times higher than the conventional dye labelled antibody system.

Vertical morphology in solution-processed organic solar cells

Publisher: IEEE

Date: 08-2011

DOI: 10.1109/IQEC-CLEO.2011.6194096

Interaction of Phosphotungstate Ions with Phospholipid Monolayers: A Synchrotron X-ray Study

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 1995

DOI: 10.1021/LA00001A047

Interfacial Behavior of Tetrapyridylporphyrin Monolayer Arrays

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 13-12-2005

DOI: 10.1021/LA051474K

Abstract: The behavior of monolayer films of free base 5,10,15,20-tetrapyridylporphinato (TPyP) and 5,10,15,20-tetrapyridylporphinato zinc(II) (ZnTPyP) on pure water, 0.1 M CdCl2, and 0.1 M CuCl2 subphases was investigated by surface pressure-area isotherms, specular X-ray reflectometry, and polarized total reflection X-ray absorption spectroscopy (PTRXAS). Surface pressure-area isotherms showed significant differences in the area per molecule on pure water compared to that on salt subphases, with a marked increase in the area observed on the salt solutions. This behavior was noted for both forms of the porphyrin and both salts investigated. Modeling of specular X-ray reflectometry data indicated that thinner and more electron dense layers on salt subphases best fit the observed profiles. These data suggest that the porphyrin macrocycle is oriented parallel to the interface on salt subphases and takes on a tilted conformation on pure water. In the case of ZnTPyP, PTRXAS was used to determine the orientation of the porphyrin moiety relative to the surface and to probe the coordination of the central Zn ion. In agreement with the pressure-area isotherms and reflectometry, the PTRXAS data indicate a change in orientation on the salt subphases.

Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Monolith for Alkaline Supercapacitors and Understanding Nitrogen-Induced Redox Transitions

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 14-03-2012

DOI: 10.1002/CHEM.201102806

Abstract: A nitrogen-doped porous carbon monolith was synthesized as a pseudo-capacitive electrode for use in alkaline supercapacitors. Ammonia-assisted carbonization was used to dope the surface with nitrogen heteroatoms in a way that replaced carbon atoms but kept the oxygen content constant. Ammonia treatment expanded the micropore size-distributions and increased the specific surface area from 383 m(2) g(-1) to 679 m(2) g(-1). The nitrogen-containing porous carbon material showed a higher capacitance (246 F g(-1)) in comparison with the nitrogen-free one (186 F g(-1)). Ex situ electrochemical spectroscopy was used to investigate the evolution of the nitrogen-containing functional groups on the surface of the N-doped carbon electrodes in a three-electrode cell. In addition, first-principles calculations were explored regarding the electronic structures of different nitrogen groups to determine their relative redox potentials. We proposed possible redox reaction pathways based on the calculated redox affinity of different groups and surface analysis, which involved the reversible attachment/detachment of hydroxy groups between pyridone and pyridine. The oxidation of nitrogen atoms in pyridine was also suggested as a possible reaction pathway.

Enhanced electrochemical sensitivity of PtRh electrodes coated with nitrogen-doped graphene

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 10-2010

DOI: 10.1016/J.ELECOM.2010.07.037

Morphology of All-Solution-Processed "Bilayer" Organic Solar Cells

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 09-12-2011

DOI: 10.1002/ADMA.201003545

Diffusion at Interfaces in OLEDs Containing a Doped Phosphorescent Emissive Layer

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 22-06-2016

DOI: 10.1002/ADMI.201600184

Thin Films of a Tetracationic Porphyrin

Publisher: CSIRO Publishing

Date: 2003

DOI: 10.1071/CH03123

Abstract: Langmuir–Blodgett films of the tetracationic porphyrin tetrakis(octadecyl-4-pyridinium)porphinatozinc(II) bromide transferred from subphases containing different salts were studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray reflectometry. In contrast to previous results at the air/water interface, we found that the porphyrin adopted a fixed conformation at the air/solid interface regardless of composition of the subphase or whether the films were transferred above or below the primary phase transition. This conformation was assigned to the formation of an interdigitated bilayer structure.

Gaseous Adsorption in Melanins: Hydrophilic Biomacromolecules with High Electrical Conductivities

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 11-11-2009

DOI: 10.1021/LA901290F

Abstract: The melanins are an important class of multifunctional biomacromolecules that possess a number of intriguing physical and chemical properties including electrical and photoconductivity. Unusually for a conducting organic material, eumelanin is hydrophilic and its electrical properties are strongly dependent on its hydration state. We have therefore measured adsorption isotherms for two polar adsorbates, water and ethanol, in the pressed powder pellets of synthetic eumelanin typically used in electrical studies. We show that a simple kinetic monolayer Langmuir model describes the adsorption and find that there are strong adsorbate-eumelanin interactions in both cases. These isotherms allow the proper scaling of electrical conductivity data and in doing so make progress toward a better understanding of eumelanin electrical properties, which is a critical prerequisite to the design of new eumelanin-like bioelectronic materials.

Precursor Route Poly(1,4-phenylenevinylene)-Based Interlayers for Perovskite Solar Cells

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 02-01-2020

DOI: 10.1021/ACSAEM.9B01997

Polymer Surfactant Structure at the Air-Water Interface

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 03-1993

DOI: 10.1021/LA00027A005

Conformational changes in SP-B as a function of surface pressure

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 10-2003

DOI: 10.1016/S0006-3495(03)74685-2

Cyclic Enones as Substrates in the Morita-Baylis-Hillman Reaction: Surfactant Interactions, Scope and Scalability with an Emphasis on Formaldehyde

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 05-2009

DOI: 10.1002/ADSC.200800739

Abstract: magnified image Traditionally, cyclic enones and formalin are reactants notorious for displaying problematic behaviour (i.e., poor solubility and low yields) under Morita–Baylis–Hillman (MBH) reaction conditions. The body of research presented herein focuses on the use of surfactants in water as a solvent medium that offers a resolution to many of the issues associated with the MBH reaction. Reaction scope, scalability and small angle X‐ray scattering have been studied to assist with the understanding of the reaction mechanism and industrial application. A comparison against known literature methods for reaction scale‐up is also discussed.

Bis(diethylenetriamine)mercury(II) bis(thiocyanate)

Publisher: International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)

Date: 22-03-2002

DOI: 10.1107/S1600536802004701

Influence of Dopant Concentration and Steric Bulk on Interlayer Diffusion in OLEDs

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 25-10-2018

DOI: 10.1002/ADMI.201700872

Impact of Micropores and Dopants to Mitigate Lithium Polysulfides Shuttle over High Surface Area of ZIF-8 Derived Nanoporous Carbons

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 12-05-2020

DOI: 10.1021/ACSAEM.0C00509

Applications of Synchrotron Science to Chemistry Foreword

Publisher: CSIRO Publishing

Date: 2012

DOI: 10.1071/CH12098

Molecular versus exciton diffusion in fluorescence-based explosive vapour sensors

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2015

DOI: 10.1039/C5CC06367A

Abstract: Real time vapour detection efficiency is reliant on analyte diffusion rather than lified fluorescence quenching processes based on exciton diffusion.

Sn₄P₃@Porous carbon nanofiber as a self-supported anode for sodium-ion batteries

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 06-2020

DOI: 10.1016/J.JPOWSOUR.2020.228116

Molecular quadrupole moment and effective-quadrupole-centre of fluorobenzene

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 1983

DOI: 10.1039/F29837900529

The structural characterisation of self-assembled films of dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine: A neutron reflectivity and Brewster angle microscopy study

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 07-2000

DOI: 10.1016/S0927-7757(99)00234-4

Multilayer Nanostructured Porphyrin Arrays Constructed by Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembly

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 02-07-2009

DOI: 10.1021/LA900953A

Abstract: UV-vis absorption, atomic force microscopy (AFM), contact angle, and X-ray reflectivity experiments were performed on thin films deposited on crystalline silicon substrates as alternating layers of a porphyrin with anionic functionality, tetra-5,10,15,20-(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphine (TSPP) or the metalated version, Cu(II)TSPP, and the cationic polyelectrolyte, poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA). The films were made by dipping in alternating aqueous solutions containing film components (layer-by-layer deposition). Modeling of the X-ray reflectivity data revealed differences in the films' thickness depending on the method of film deposition. An unusual decrease in film thickness after each polyelectrolyte dip was also observed for films using TSSP. UV-vis measurements revealed that a similar amount of TSSP was included within films despite the method of formation. UV-vis measurements also revealed the presence of free-base, H-aggregate, and J-aggregate forms of the porphyrin after TSPP dipping, and the subsequent disappearance of the J-aggregate after dipping in the PDDA solution. A model of film formation was proposed on the basis of the concept of two different types of porphyrin aggregates being present after dipping in porphyrin solution. A layer of porphyrin molecules initially attach to the Si surface such that the planar molecules are arranged side by side as H-aggregates with an excess of J-aggregated material on top. The J-aggregate is then removed and replaced by a layer of PDDA. A change in contact angle of 14 degrees was observed between porphyrin and polyelectrolyte layers due to the more hydrophobic nature of the polymer. The presence of the J-aggregate was confirmed in AFM images obtained from the porphyrin layer. Exposure of the films to solutions of alternating pHs of 10 and 1.8 resulted in reproducible switching of the UV-vis spectra, indicating a possible sensing application.

Carboxymethyl cellulose binders enable high-rate capability of sulfurized polyacrylonitrile cathodes for Li-S batteries

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2017

DOI: 10.1039/C7TA00040E

Abstract: Water-processable binders improved the electrode polarity and wettability. Li–S batteries consisting of such binders exhibited superior performance at high current densities.

The evaporation resistance of mixed monolayers of octadecanol and cholesterol

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 11-1998

DOI: 10.1006/JCIS.1998.5756

Abstract: The high resistance to water evaporation exhibited by monolayers of octadecanol is markedly reduced if small quantities of cholesterol are present, an effect that mirrors the behavior of contaminants in octadecanol monolayers. Surface pressure-area isotherms show that octadecanol and cholesterol are almost (but not entirely) immiscible. Grazing-incidence synchrotron X-ray diffraction (GIXD) of the floating monolayers shows that cholesterol produces no diffraction pattern and thus is amorphous, octadecanol gives a clear diffraction peak which can be deconvoluted into a major and a minor peak corresponding to a slightly distorted hexagonal packing of the alkyl chains, and the alcohol-rich mixtures give diffraction patterns like that of pure octadecanol. The latter result shows that cholesterol does not enter the octadecanol domains in the mixed monolayers. The evaporation data are explained by permeation through the irregularly packed domain boundary regions in a pure octadecanol monolayer and by the rapid increase in the size of these regions when cholesterol is added. Copyright 1998 Academic Press.

Benchmarking the Oxygen Reduction Electroactivity of First-Row Transition-Metal Oxide Clusters on Carbon Nanotubes

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 27-12-2018

DOI: 10.1002/CELC.201701215

Molecular Packing of Functionalized Fluorinated Lipids in Langmuir Monolayers

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 21-12-2010

DOI: 10.1021/LA103743E

Abstract: Fluorinated hipaths are a fascinating class of compounds, which, despite significant challenges associated with their syntheses, have found use across a number of areas of biotechnology. Applications range from the in vitro stabilization of membrane proteins to the development of enhanced stability intravenous drug and gene delivery systems. More recently, monolayer-forming fluorinated lipids have found use in the 2D crystallization of detergent-solubilized hydrophobic or partially hydrophobic proteins at the air-water interface. In this study, we investigate the surface properties of a novel suite of monolayer forming, partially fluorinated lipids. These modular lipid structures contain a densely fluorinated insertion in the hydrocarbon tail and a synthetically modifiable headgroup. Analyses of surface-pressure area isotherms and X-ray reflectometry profiles reveal that the lipids spread into fluid monolayers and are more compressible than their non-fluorinated counterparts. Furthermore, the data support a model whereby the partially fluorinated chains of the lipid tails form a film which is fundamentally incompatible with detergents and other destabilizing hipaths.

Conceptual design of the small angle scattering beamline at the Australian synchrotron

Publisher: AIP

Date: 2007

DOI: 10.1063/1.2436203

Enhanced photocatalytic properties of reusable TiO 2 -loaded natural porous minerals in dye wastewater purification

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 11-2016

DOI: 10.1016/J.POWTEC.2016.09.003

Multifunctional Effects of Sulfonyl-Anchored, Dual-Doped Multilayered Graphene for High Areal Capacity Lithium Sulfur Batteries

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 05-12-2019

DOI: 10.1021/ACSCENTSCI.9B01005

Tubular titania nanostructures via layer-by-layer self-assembly

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 07-08-2007

DOI: 10.1002/ADFM.200700022

Structural requirements for the cytotoxicity of the N-terminal region of HIV type 1 Nef

Publisher: Mary Ann Liebert Inc

Date: 20-11-1998

DOI: 10.1089/AID.1998.14.1543

Abstract: We have found that the hemolytic and cytotoxic activities of myristoylated Nef N-terminal peptides require a net positive charge in the first seven amino residues of the sequence. The activities are considerably less dependent on the secondary structure of the peptides. Film balance studies showed that both active and inactive peptides interacted with neutral phospholipid monolayers, suggesting that binding to neutral lipids was not a sufficient condition for lytic activity. It was also found that nonmyristoylated N-terminal peptide did not interact to the same extent with the monolayer, indicating that myristoylation was essential for lipid interaction. It is considered that the positively charged residues of the proximate N terminus of Nef interact with acidic lipids of biological membranes, reinforcing the weak membrane-targeting properties of the myristyl chain. Parallels are drawn between this mode of interaction with membranes and that of members of the Src family of proteins, which are also myristoylated and have positively charged residues in their proximate N termini. In particular, these proteins and Nef also have serine residues in their proximal N-terminal regions, which when phosphorylated could neutralize the positive charge and thus provide a mechanism for modulating membrane interaction.

Dependence of Organic Interlayer Diffusion on Glass-Transition Temperature in OLEDs

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 13-04-2017

DOI: 10.1021/ACSAMI.7B01450

Abstract: Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are subject to thermal stress from Joule heating and the external environment. In this work, neutron reflectometry (NR) was used to probe the effect of heat on the morphology of thin three-layer organic films comprising materials typically found in OLEDs. It was found that layers within the films began to mix when heated to approximately 20 °C above the glass-transition temperature (T

Efficient manual Fmoc solid-phase synthesis of the N-terminal segment of surfactant protein B (SP-B1-25)

Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.

Date: 07-2009

DOI: 10.2174/092986609788681706

Abstract: The N-terminal 25 residue segment of human surfactant protein B (SP-B(1-25)) was synthesised in 26% yield by manual Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis (Fmoc SPPS) using low-loading Fmoc-Gly-Wang resin. Substantial oxidation of Met(21) occurred during the synthesis, and the addition of Bu(4)NBr to a TFA/water/EDT/TIS cleavage cocktail enabled facile reduction of Met(O)(21)-SP-B(1-25) to SP-B(1-25). The methods described herein are generally applicable to the Fmoc SPPS of difficult sequences containing methionine.

Separator coatings as efficient physical and chemical hosts of polysulfides for high-sulfur-loaded rechargeable lithium–sulfur batteries

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 05-2020

DOI: 10.1016/J.JECHEM.2019.08.017

Escherichia coli strains expressing H12 antigens demonstrate an increased ability to attach to abiotic surfaces as compared with E. coli strains expressing H7 antigens

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 07-2014

DOI: 10.1016/J.COLSURFB.2014.04.003

Abstract: The role of Escherichia coli H antigens in hydrophobicity and attachment to glass, Teflon and stainless steel (SS) surfaces was investigated through construction of fliC knockout mutants in E. coli O157:H7, O1:H7 and O157:H12. Loss of FliC(H12) in E. coli O157:H12 decreased attachment to glass, Teflon and stainless steel surfaces (p 0.05), but complementation with cloned fliC(H12), as opposed to cloned fliCH7, significantly increased attachment for both strains compared with wt counterparts (p<0.05). Hydrophobicity determined using bacterial adherence to hydrocarbons and contact angle measurements differed with fliC expression but was not correlated to the attachment to materials included in this study. Purified FliC was used to functionalise silicone nitride atomic force microscopy probes, which were used to measure adhesion forces between FliC and substrates. Although no significant difference in adhesion force was observed between FliC(H12) and FliCH7 probes, differences in force curves suggest different mechanism of attachment for FliC(H12) compared with FliCH7. These results indicate that E. coli strains expressing flagellar H12 antigens have an increased ability to attach to certain abiotic surfaces compared with E. coli strains expressing H7 antigens.

Controlling the structure of transparent Langmuir-Blodgett films for nonlinear optical applications

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 1996

DOI: 10.1039/JM9960600137

Structural changes in mixed Langmuir - Blodgett films upon nanoparticle formation

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 12-07-2002

DOI: 10.1021/LA011875+

Dispersible percolating carbon nano-electrodes for improvement of polysulfide utilization in Li-S batteries

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 11-2015

DOI: 10.1016/J.CARBON.2015.05.044

Fibrous hybrid of graphene and sulfur nanocrystals for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 16-05-2013

DOI: 10.1021/NN401228T

Abstract: Graphene-sulfur (G-S) hybrid materials with sulfur nanocrystals anchored on interconnected fibrous graphene are obtained by a facile one-pot strategy using a sulfur/carbon disulfide/alcohol mixed solution. The reduction of graphene oxide and the formation/binding of sulfur nanocrystals were integrated. The G-S hybrids exhibit a highly porous network structure constructed by fibrous graphene, many electrically conducting pathways, and easily tunable sulfur content, which can be cut and pressed into pellets to be directly used as lithium-sulfur battery cathodes without using a metal current-collector, binder, and conductive additive. The porous network and sulfur nanocrystals enable rapid ion transport and short Li(+) diffusion distance, the interconnected fibrous graphene provides highly conductive electron transport pathways, and the oxygen-containing (mainly hydroxyl/epoxide) groups show strong binding with polysulfides, preventing their dissolution into the electrolyte based on first-principles calculations. As a result, the G-S hybrids show a high capacity, an excellent high-rate performance, and a long life over 100 cycles. These results demonstrate the great potential of this unique hybrid structure as cathodes for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries.

Trilayer Nanomesh Films with Tunable Wettability as Highly Transparent, Flexible, and Recyclable Electrodes

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 04-06-2020

DOI: 10.1002/ADFM.202002556

Field-gradient-induced birefringence in dilute solutions of furan, thiophen and selenophen in cyclohexane

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 1983

DOI: 10.1039/F29837900539

Self-assembled films of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 09-1999

DOI: 10.1016/S0927-7757(98)00551-2

Diffusion of nitroaromatic vapours into fluorescent dendrimer films for explosives detection

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 04-2015

DOI: 10.1016/J.SNB.2014.12.084

Focusing monochromator and imaging-plate camera for grazing-incidence diffraction studies of thin films

Publisher: International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)

Date: 05-1998

DOI: 10.1107/S0909049597017287

Abstract: A multiple-imaging-plate detector system and focusing monochromator have been developed and successfully applied to the time-resolved study of phase transitions in Langmuir–Blodgett films by grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD). The monochromator described here combines fixed-exit-beam height with sagittal focusing of the second crystal. The design is similar to that of Matsushita et al. [Matsushita, Ishikawa & Oyanagi (1986). Nucl. Instrum. Methods , A 246 , 377–379], with the exception that the motion of the first crystal is achieved via a computer-controlled X-Y translation table rather than a set of cams. The second crystal is a ribbed Si(111) wafer mounted in a four-point bending mechanism. The first reported application of imaging plates to a GIXD study was carried out by our group and proved to be very successful in the determination of thin-film structure [Foran, Peng, Steitz, Barnes & Gentle (1996). Langmuir , 12 , 774–777]. To extend the capabilities of this system, an imaging-plate camera was designed and built which can accommodate up to 13 imaging plates (40 × 20 cm) inside the vacuum chamber of the main diffractometer at the Australian Beamline at the Photon Factory.

Influence of the Alkyl Chain Length of (Pentafluorophenylalkyl) Ammonium Salts on Inverted Perovskite Solar Cell Performance

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 23-08-2022

DOI: 10.1021/ACSAMI.2C08733

Abstract: We study the effect of (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)alkylamine additives with differing alkyl chain lengths (methyl, ethyl, and

Structural Origin of the Activity in Mn3O4-Graphene Oxide Hybrid Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 07-09-2015

DOI: 10.1002/CSSC.201500372

Abstract: Non-precious metal oxide/carbon hybrid electrocatalysts are of increasing importance for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). A synergistic effect is commonly used to explain the superior ORR activity exerted by metal oxide/nanocarbon hybrids, and this effect is attributed to covalently coupled interfaces between the two materials. However, the origin of the high activity, the structure, and the electrocatalytic nature of the interface remain unclear. By combining X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy with synchrotron far-infrared spectroscopy, we resolved the interface structure between spinel manganese oxide nanocrystals and graphene oxide nanoribbons, and the role of this interface in the promoted ORR. Moreover, we demonstrated the excellent ORR activity by a functional synergism of the hybrid constituents through a series of comparative electrochemical experiments.

A Discussion on the Activity Origin in Metal-Free Nitrogen-Doped Carbons for Oxygen Reduction Reaction and their Mechanisms

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 03-09-2015

DOI: 10.1002/CSSC.201500373

Abstract: The origin of oxygen reduction reaction activity in metal-free N-doped carbons has been a stimulating, yet unsolved issue for the rational design of cost-effective electrocatalysts for fuel cells and metal-air batteries. At present, there are several inconsistent opinions on the materials chemistry and the mechanism of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performed on this type of materials. This article provides a brief review of the current understanding of ORR processes and the history of electrocatalyst development. With special attention, the focus of the discussion is on the major contentions of the current opinions towards metal-free N-doped carbon chemistry and the arguments for the probable ORR mechanisms. By clarifying the fundamental aspects of each opinion, a converging consensus on N-doped carbon electrocatalysts can be established and thus facilitate the substantial development of large-capacity energy devices.

Correlation of diffusion and performance in sequentially processed P3HT/PCBM heterojunction films by time-resolved neutron reflectometry

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2013

DOI: 10.1039/C3TC00063J

Improved spreading rates for monolayers applied as emulsions to reduce water evaporation

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 05-2011

DOI: 10.1016/J.JCIS.2011.01.071

Abstract: To be suitable for reducing water evaporation, monolayers need to be easy to apply and also spread quickly across the surface of water. However, the choice of monolayer often involves a compromise between spreading rate and evaporation resistance. Because emulsions of the monolayer material have been suggested as a way to improve spreading, emulsions were made with the long-chain alcohols hexadecanol, octadecanol and eicosanol using the non-ionic surfactants Brij 78 and Tween 60 as emulsifying agents. The emulsions of octadecanol and eicosanol spread faster than the corresponding powder. However there was no improvement in the spreading of hexadecanol emulsion due to a significant amount of the material dispersing into the bulk water instead of spreading at the interface. The choice of emulsifier to stabilise the emulsions is critical for effective evaporation resistance. Whereas the octadecanol emulsion made with Brij 78 showed improved evaporation resistance, the emulsion with Tween 60 had an appreciably lower evaporation resistance than powdered octadecanol. One limitation of the emulsion application method is the poor spreading on surfaces with an already high surface pressure.

Unambiguous detection of nitrated explosive vapours by fluorescence quenching of dendrimer films

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 15-09-2015

DOI: 10.1038/NCOMMS9240

Abstract: Unambiguous and selective standoff (non-contact) infield detection of nitro-containing explosives and taggants is an important goal but difficult to achieve with standard analytical techniques. Oxidative fluorescence quenching is emerging as a high sensitivity method for detecting such materials but is prone to false positives—everyday items such as perfumes elicit similar responses. Here we report thin films of light-emitting dendrimers that detect vapours of explosives and taggants selectively—fluorescence quenching is not observed for a range of common interferents. Using a combination of neutron reflectometry, quartz crystal microbalance and photophysical measurements we show that the origin of the selectivity is primarily electronic and not the diffusion kinetics of the analyte or its distribution in the film. The results are a major advance in the development of sensing materials for the standoff detection of nitro-based explosive vapours, and deliver significant insights into the physical processes that govern the sensing efficacy.

Hydrotalcite-wrapped Co-B alloy with enhanced oxygen evolution activity

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 06-2017

DOI: 10.1016/S1872-2067(17)62811-0

Assessing the sensing limits of fluorescent dendrimer thin films for the detection of explosive vapors

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 02-2017

DOI: 10.1016/J.SNB.2016.08.046

Engineering fluorinated-cation containing inverted perovskite solar cells with an efficiency of >21% and improved stability towards humidity

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 04-01-2021

DOI: 10.1038/S41467-020-20272-3

Abstract: Efficient and stable perovskite solar cells with a simple active layer are desirable for manufacturing. Three-dimensional perovskite solar cells are most efficient but need to have improved environmental stability. Inclusion of larger ammonium salts has led to a trade-off between improved stability and efficiency, which is attributed to the perovskite films containing a two-dimensional component. Here, we show that addition of 0.3 mole percent of a fluorinated lead salt into the three-dimensional methylammonium lead iodide perovskite enables low temperature fabrication of simple inverted solar cells with a maximum power conversion efficiency of 21.1%. The perovskite layer has no detectable two-dimensional component at salt concentrations of up to 5 mole percent. The high concentration of fluorinated material found at the film-air interface provides greater hydrophobicity, increased size and orientation of the surface perovskite crystals, and unencapsulated devices with increased stability to high humidity.

Role of semiconductivity and ion transport in the electrical conduction of melanin

Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Date: 21-05-2012

DOI: 10.1073/PNAS.1119948109

Abstract: Melanins are pigmentary macromolecules found throughout the biosphere that, in the 1970s, were discovered to conduct electricity and display bistable switching. Since then, it has been widely believed that melanins are naturally occurring amorphous organic semiconductors. Here, we report electrical conductivity, muon spin relaxation, and electron paramagnetic resonance measurements of melanin as the environmental humidity is varied. We show that hydration of melanin shifts the comproportionation equilibrium so as to dope electrons and protons into the system. This equilibrium defines the relative proportions of hydroxyquinone, semiquinone, and quinone species in the macromolecule. As such, the mechanism explains why melanin at neutral pH only conducts when “wet” and suggests that both carriers play a role in the conductivity. Understanding that melanin is an electronic-ionic hybrid conductor rather than an amorphous organic semiconductor opens exciting possibilities for bioelectronic applications such as ion-to-electron transduction given its biocompatibility.

Deuteration of molecules for neutron reflectometry on organic light-emitting diode thin films

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 02-2012

DOI: 10.1016/J.TETLET.2011.12.032

Elucidating the Spatial Arrangement of Emitter Molecules in Organic Light-Emitting Diode Films

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 07-02-2017

DOI: 10.1002/ANIE.201610727

Abstract: The effect of varying the emitter concentration on the structural properties of an archetypal phosphorescent blend consisting of 4,4'-bis(N-carbazolyl)biphenyl and tris(2-phenylpyridyl)iridium(III) has been investigated using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (MD) simulations that mimic the process of vacuum deposition. By comparison with reflectometry measurements, we show that the simulations provide an accurate model of the average density of such films. The emitter molecules were found not to be evenly distributed throughout film, but rather they can form networks that provide charge and/or energy migration pathways, even at emitter concentrations as low as ≈5 weight percent. At slightly higher concentrations, percolated networks form that span the entire system. While such networks would give improved charge transport, they could also lead to more non-radiative pathways for the emissive state and a resultant loss of efficiency.

Self-Assembly of Amino−Thiols via Gold−Nitrogen Links and Consequence for in situ Elongation of Molecular Wires on Surface-Modified Electrodes

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 22-02-2011

DOI: 10.1021/JP200006J

Characterisation of Curli Production, Cell Surface Hydrophobicity, Autoaggregation and Attachment Behaviour of Escherichia coli O157

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 04-02-2010

DOI: 10.1007/S00284-010-9589-2

Abstract: Escherichia coli O157 are an important group of foodborne pathogens with the ability to attach to materials commonly used in food processing environments such as slightly hydrophilic stainless steel. The aim of this study was to characterise six E. coli isolates, including five E. coli O157, for curli production, autoaggregation, hydrophobicity and attachment to highly hydrophilic glass and hydrophobic Teflon. Curli production and autoaggregation were determined using absorbance assays hydrophobicity by bacterial adherence to hydrocarbons, hydrophobic interaction chromatography and contact angle measurements and attachment using epifluorescence microscopy. Curli production varied between strains and for some strains correlated with autoaggregation. Curli production correlated with decreased hydrophobicity for two strains. Four of the six isolates increased attachment to glass, but decreased attachment to Teflon with increased curli production. In contrast, one of the six isolates decreased attachment to glass, but increased attachment to Teflon with increasing curli production. Curli production by the remaining isolate did not correlate with hydrophobicity or attachment. Attachment of some E. coli, including E. coli O157, to abiotic surfaces may be influenced by curli production, autoaggregation and hydrophobicity. However, for other strains, a variety of factors may be of greater influence on these properties and ability to attach to abiotic surfaces. This study highlights the complexity of bacterial surface properties and their relationship with bacterial attachment.

Stable Interfaces in a Sodium Metal-Free, Solid-State Sodium-Ion Battery with Gradient Composite Electrolyte

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 11-08-2021

DOI: 10.1021/ACSAMI.1C09792

Issues in determining factors influencing bacterial attachment: a review using the attachment ofEscherichia colito abiotic surfaces as an example

Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)

Date: 07-2009

DOI: 10.1111/J.1472-765X.2009.02591.X

University Of Genova

Location: Italy

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Erasmus MC

Location: Netherlands

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University Of Queensland

Location: Australia

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University Of Queensland

Location: No location found

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Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE0346812

Start Date: 2002

End Date: 12-2003

Amount: $240,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE0453426

Start Date: 2004

End Date: 12-2004

Amount: $235,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE0560721

Start Date: 2005

End Date: 12-2005

Amount: $240,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE0237888

Start Date: 2001

End Date: 12-2002

Amount: $580,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE0561247

Start Date: 04-2005

End Date: 04-2006

Amount: $168,810.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP120101372

Start Date: 2012

End Date: 12-2015

Amount: $700,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE140100051

Start Date: 2014

End Date: 06-2015

Amount: $320,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP0665426

Start Date: 2006

End Date: 03-2011

Amount: $273,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP140102379

Start Date: 2014

End Date: 12-2017

Amount: $390,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE0882787

Start Date: 2008

End Date: 02-2009

Amount: $390,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP180101233

Start Date: 05-2018

End Date: 05-2022

Amount: $372,716.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE230100018

Start Date: 2023

End Date: 12-2023

Amount: $2,206,421.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE0668521

Start Date: 2006

End Date: 12-2007

Amount: $300,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Special Research Initiatives - Grant ID: SR0354775

Start Date: 01-2004

End Date: 12-2003

Amount: $10,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE0668382

Start Date: 2006

End Date: 12-2008

Amount: $1,000,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE0882725

Start Date: 2008

End Date: 12-2012

Amount: $1,000,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE0239943

Start Date: 2001

End Date: 12-2002

Amount: $245,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE0346515

Start Date: 01-2003

End Date: 12-2004

Amount: $507,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Special Research Initiatives - Grant ID: SR0354691

Start Date: 01-2004

End Date: 11-2004

Amount: $30,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE110100174

Start Date: 12-2011

End Date: 12-2012

Amount: $800,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE0989759

Start Date: 2009

End Date: 12-2010

Amount: $360,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Research Networks - Grant ID: RN0460256

Start Date: 02-2005

End Date: 02-2010

Amount: $1,500,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Industrial Transformation Research Hubs - Grant ID: IH200100035

Start Date: 07-2021

End Date: 07-2026

Amount: $5,000,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

ARC Centres Of Excellence - Grant ID: CE0348243

Start Date: 2003

End Date: 02-2015

Amount: $12,463,180.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Projects - Grant ID: LP220200874

Start Date: 07-2023

End Date: 06-2026

Amount: $460,697.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Special Research Initiatives - Grant ID: SR0354583

Start Date: 06-2004

End Date: 12-2004

Amount: $10,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Special Research Initiatives - Grant ID: SR0354821

Start Date: 12-2003

End Date: 12-2004

Amount: $30,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Special Research Initiatives - Grant ID: SR120200004

Start Date: 07-2012

End Date: 12-2015

Amount: $30,000,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE190100144

Start Date: 03-2019

End Date: 03-2020

Amount: $844,947.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP0210670

Start Date: 2002

End Date: 12-2004

Amount: $183,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP210102192

Start Date: 04-2021

End Date: 04-2025

Amount: $460,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council