ORCID Profile
0000-0002-2572-5484
Current Organisation
University of Vienna
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Publisher: International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering (IJABE)
Date: 2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2018.01.012
Abstract: Through litter decomposition enormous amounts of carbon is emitted to the atmosphere. Numerous large-scale decomposition experiments have been conducted focusing on this fundamental soil process in order to understand the controls on the terrestrial carbon transfer to the atmosphere. However, previous studies were mostly based on site-specific litter and methodologies, adding major uncertainty to syntheses, comparisons and meta-analyses across different experiments and sites. In the TeaComposition initiative, the potential litter decomposition is investigated by using standardized substrates (Rooibos and Green tea) for comparison of litter mass loss at 336 sites (ranging from -9 to +26 °C MAT and from 60 to 3113 mm MAP) across different ecosystems. In this study we tested the effect of climate (temperature and moisture), litter type and land-use on early stage decomposition (3 months) across nine biomes. We show that litter quality was the predominant controlling factor in early stage litter decomposition, which explained about 65% of the variability in litter decomposition at a global scale. The effect of climate, on the other hand, was not litter specific and explained <0.5% of the variation for Green tea and 5% for Rooibos tea, and was of significance only under unfavorable decomposition conditions (i.e. xeric versus mesic environments). When the data were aggregated at the biome scale, climate played a significant role on decomposition of both litter types (explaining 64% of the variation for Green tea and 72% for Rooibos tea). No significant effect of land-use on early stage litter decomposition was noted within the temperate biome. Our results indicate that multiple drivers are affecting early stage litter mass loss with litter quality being dominant. In order to be able to quantify the relative importance of the different drivers over time, long-term studies combined with experimental trials are needed.
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Date: 05-02-2021
Abstract: Isotopic measurements showed that N 2 O production during drought is unexpectedly dominated by denitrification of organic nitrogen.
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 03-03-2021
DOI: 10.5194/EGUSPHERE-EGU21-5125
Abstract: & & & & Biogeochemical processes in soils largely control the atmospheric mixing ratio of nitrous oxide (N& sub& & /sub& O). The growing use of nitrogen (N) fertilizer in agriculture drives anthropogenic N& sub& & /sub& O emissions, which currently surpass projections with some of the highest emissions. In order to adapt mitigation strategies and to model the future N cycle it is crucial to fully understand N& sub& & /sub& O emission pathways in a changing climate. The underlying processes, attributed to microbial transformation of N, primarily occur via the oxic nitrification and anoxic denitrification pathways. These processes depend greatly on soil, plant and ecosystem properties, which in turn rely on meteorological drivers (e.g. air temperature and precipitation). This means that the many environmental factors that drive microbial activity and N& sub& & /sub& O emissions in soils are vulnerable to climate change, including extreme events such as droughts. Consequently, the rates of nitrification and denitrification are expected to be strongly impacted by changing climatic conditions, which could also alter the N& sub& & /sub& O production and consumption dynamics across the soil profile.& & & & This study aims to understand how N& sub& & /sub& O production and consumption pathways respond to the in idual and combined effects of warming, elevated atmospheric CO& sub& & /sub& concentration, and drought-rewetting events in managed mountain grassland. For the first time, we use online, in-situ stable isotopic measurements of both surface N& sub& & /sub& O emissions and of N& sub& & /sub& O across the soil profile to distinguish pathways for N& sub& & /sub& O production and consumption. Different modeling approaches will be used to reconstruct production and consumption dynamics from soil gas isotopic measurements, and to upscale results to examine global relevance.& & & / &
No related grants have been discovered for Stephan Glatzel.