ORCID Profile
0000-0001-6703-2291
Current Organisation
University of Queensland
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Resources Engineering and Extractive Metallurgy | Chemical Engineering | Mineral Processing | Chemical Engineering Not Elsewhere Classified | Mineral Processing/Beneficiation | Interdisciplinary Engineering | Membrane And Separation Technologies | Nanotechnology | Fluidization And Fluid Mechanics | Chemical Engineering not elsewhere classified | Interdisciplinary Engineering Not Elsewhere Classified | Colloid And Surface Chemistry | Non-automotive Combustion and Fuel Engineering (incl. Alternative/Renewable Fuels) | Resources Engineering and Extractive Metallurgy not elsewhere classified | Petroleum and Reservoir Engineering | Environmental Technologies | Chemical Engineering Design | Carbon Capture Engineering (excl. Sequestration) | Powder and Particle Technology | Resources Engineering Not Elsewhere Classified | Membrane and Separation Technologies | Plant Nutrition | Mineralogy And Crystallography | Nanotechnology | Combustion And Fuel Engineering | Pyrometallurgy | Interdisciplinary Engineering not elsewhere classified | Physical Chemistry (Incl. Structural) | Process Metallurgy | Energy Generation, Conversion and Storage Engineering | Fluidisation and Fluid Mechanics | Water And Sanitary Engineering |
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Concentrating processes of other base metal ores | First Stage Treatment of Ores and Minerals not elsewhere classified | Oil and Gas Extraction | Coal | Iron and steel (e.g. ingots, bars, rods, shapes and sections) | Beneficiation or dressing of non-metallic minerals (incl. diamonds) | Coal Mining and Extraction | Concentrating Processes of Base Metal Ores (excl. Aluminium and Iron Ores) | Industry | Coal | Chemical sciences | Physical sciences | Automotive equipment | Water transport | Beneficiation or dressing of iron ores | Land and water management | Housing | Manufactured products not elsewhere classified | Crop and animal protection chemicals | Chemical fertilisers | Mining and Extraction of Copper Ores | Other | Inorganic industrial chemicals | Energy Storage, Distribution and Supply not elsewhere classified | Energy transformation | Gas distribution | Oil and gas | Other | Expanding Knowledge in Technology | Land and Water Management of environments not elsewhere classified | First stage treatment of ores and minerals | Industrial chemicals and related products | Hydrogen Production from Fossil Fuels | Solar-Thermal Energy | Energy minerals not elsewhere classified | Water services and utilities | Expanding Knowledge in Engineering | Electricity, gas and water services and utilities | Basic Copper Products
Related Links
Publications
Effect of the adsorption component of the disjoining pressure on foam film drainage
Publisher: Pleiades Publishing Ltd
Date: 22-03-2013
Difference in flotation behavior of galena by single and multi-step chronoamperometric oxidation
Publisher: Faculty of Geoengineering, Mining and Geology, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.5277/PPMP19025
Accurate, fully automated determination of the initial settling rate of flocculated suspensions
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2021
The importance of aspect ratio in profile analysis tensiometry
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2009
Contact angle variation on single floating spheres and its impact on the stability analysis of floating particles
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2017
Zinc and lead accumulation characteristics and in vivo distribution of Zn2+ in the hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens elucidated with fluorescent probes and laser confocal microscopy
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2018
Quantitative Analysis of Attachment Time of Air Bubbles to Solid Surfaces in Water
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 07-02-2021
Globally cohesive drops without interfacial tension
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2004
Thermal and rheological effects of sepiolite in linear low-density polyethylene/starch blend
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-05-2013
DOI: 10.1002/APP.37657
Heterocoagulation of alumina and quartz studied by zeta potential distribution and particle size distribution measurements
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2017
Interactions between halide anions and interfacial water molecules in relation to the Jones–Ray effect
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1039/C4CP03629H
Abstract: The Jones–Ray effect is not caused by enhanced salt adsorption, but by the weakened average dipole moment of interfacial water molecules interacting with halide anions.
Effect of microturbulence on bubble-particle collision during the bubble rise in a flotation cell
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2020
Air bubble and oil droplet interactions in centrifugal fields during air-sparged hydrocyclone flotation
Publisher: Inderscience Publishers
Date: 2007
Mechanochemical solid state synthesis and characterization of CdxZn1−xS nanocrystals
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 15-09-2008
Particle interactions in kaolinite suspensions and corresponding aggregate structures
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.JCIS.2011.03.043
Abstract: The surface charge densities of the silica face surface and the alumina face surface of kaolinite particles, recently determined from surface force measurements using atomic force microscopy, show a distinct dependence on the pH of the system. The silica face was found to be negatively charged at pH>4, whereas the alumina face surface was found to be positively charged at pH 8. The surface charge densities of the silica face and the alumina face were utilized in this study to determine the interaction energies between different surfaces of kaolinite particles. Results indicate that the silica face-alumina face interaction is dominant for kaolinite particle aggregation at low pH. This face-face association increases the stacking of kaolinite layers, and thereby promotes the edge-face (edge-silica face and edge-alumina face) and face-face (silica face-alumina face) associations with increasing pH, and hence the maximum shear-yield stress at pH 5-5.5. With further increase in pH, the face-face and edge-face association decreases due to increasing surface charge density on the silica face and the edge surfaces, and decreasing surface charge density on the alumina face. At high pH, all kaolinite surfaces become negatively charged, kaolinite particles are dispersed, and the suspension is stabilized. The face-face association at low pH has been confirmed from cryo-SEM images of kaolinite aggregates taken from suspension which show that the particles are mostly organized in a face-face and edge-face manner. At higher pH conditions, the cryo-SEM images of the kaolinite aggregates reveal a lower degree of consolidation and the edge-edge association is evident.
Nanobubbles Do Not Sit Alone at the Solid–Liquid Interface
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 07-05-2013
DOI: 10.1021/LA305138V
Abstract: The unexpected stability and anomalous contact angle of gaseous nanobubbles at the hydrophobic solid-liquid interface has been an issue of debate for almost two decades. In this work silicon-nitride tipped AFM cantilevers are used to probe the highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG)-water interface with and without solvent-exchange (a common nanobubble production method). Without solvent-exchange the force obtained by the single force and force mapping techniques is consistent over the HOPG atomic layers and described by DLVO theory (strong EDL repulsion). With solvent-exchange the force is non-DLVO (no EDL repulsion) and the range of the attractive jump-in (>10 nm) over the surface is grouped into circular areas of longer range, consistent with nanobubbles, and the area of shorter range. The non-DLVO nature of the area between nanobubbles suggests that the interaction is no longer between a silicon-nitride tip and HOPG. Interfacial gas enrichment (IGE) covering the entire area between nanobubbles is suggested to be responsible for the non-DLVO forces. The absence of EDL repulsion suggests that both IGE and nanobubbles are not charged. The coexistence of nanobubbles and IGE provides further evidence of nanobubble stability by dynamic equilibrium. The IGE cannot be removed by contact mode scanning of a cantilever tip in pure water, but in a surfactant (SDS) solution the mechanical action of the tip and the chemical action of the surfactant molecules can successfully remove the enrichment. Strong EDL repulsion between the tip and nanobubbles/IGE in surfactant solutions is due to the polar heads of the adsorbed surfactant molecules.
Prediction of bubble terminal velocities in contaminated water
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 1998
One-step analysis of bubble-particle capture interaction in dissolved-air flotation
Publisher: Inderscience Publishers
Date: 2007
Zinc uptake and distribution in tomato plants in response to foliar supply of Zn hydroxide-nitrate nanocrystal suspension with controlled Zn solubility
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-07-2015
Fundamental Investigation of the Effects of Hydrophobic Fumed Silica on the Formation of Carbon Dioxide Gas Hydrates
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 21-10-2014
DOI: 10.1021/EF5009133
Effect of the bubble size on the dynamic adsorption of frothers and collectors in flotation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2006
Influence of sodium halides on the kinetics of CO2 hydrate formation
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 21-01-2014
DOI: 10.1021/EF401549M
Measurements and analysis of xanthate chain length effect on bubble attachment to galena surfaces
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2020
Corrigendum to ‘An analytical model of the growth of invisible bubbles on solid surfaces in a supersaturated solution’ [Chem. Eng. Sci. 215 (2020) 114968]
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2020
A review on quantifying the influence of lateral capillary interactions on the particle floatability and stability of particle-laden interfaces
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.CIS.2022.102731
Abstract: Particle-laden interfaces are critical to the flotation separation of hydrophobic particles using air bubbles. After contacting the particle suspension, the bubble surface is loaded with many hydrophobic particles that can get detached during the bubble rise to the top. While many studies of the capillary stability and detachment of single particles from the clean air-water interface have provided significant insights, the particle floatability, detachment, and stability of the particle-laden interface are not well quantified. This paper provides a critical review of the experimental and theoretical investigations of the lateral capillary interactions on the particle floatability and stability of the particle-laden interfaces. Particularly, we critically analysed, summarized, and commented on asymptotic solutions of the Young-Laplace equation for various particle configurations. Then, we critically assessed the outcomes of both the theoretical and experimental studies of the particle-laden interface stability and related the results to particle-bubble detachment behaviours in flotation applications. This review provides an updated outlook of research perspectives that establish the framework for researchers interested in this fascinating field of flotation and colloid and surface science.
Influence of turbulence intensity on particle drag coefficients
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2008
Effect of ionic surfactants on drainage and equilibrium thickness of emulsion films
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2008
DOI: 10.1016/J.JCIS.2007.10.053
Abstract: This paper presents new theoretical and experimental results that quantify the role of surfactant adsorption and the related interfacial tension changes and interfacial forces in the emulsion film drainage and equilibrium. The experimental results were obtained with plane-parallel microscopic films from aqueous sodium dodecyl sulphate solutions formed between two toluene droplets using an improved micro-interferometric technique. The comparison between the theory and the experimental data show that the emulsion film drainage and equilibrium are controlled by the DLVO interfacial forces. The effect of interfacial viscosity and interfacial tension gradient (the Marangoni number) on the film drainage is also significant.
Investigation of liquid marble shell using X‐ray: shell thickness and effective surface tension
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-2022
Abstract: Liquid marble is a non‐wetting droplet encapsulated by micro‐ or nano‐sized hydrophobic particles. Recently, liquid marble has been emerging as a tool for digital microfluidics. Thus, a detailed understanding of the fundamentals of liquid marble is essential. The shell of a liquid marble has an opaque and fuzzy appearance which hinders in‐depth investigation using conventional optical microscopy. We used X‐ray computerized microtomography (CMT) to generate an image with a visible interface between the core liquid and the shell to overcome this problem. The interface facilitates accurate measurement of the shell thickness and the effective surface tension. This work investigates the effect of liquid marble preparation methods and liquid marble volumes on shell thickness and effective surface tension. We found that increasing the revolution speed during liquid marble preparation increases shell thickness. A liquid marble shell has a uniform packing when the revolution speed is 200–300 rpm. We also found that the effective surface tension of liquid marbles decreases with increasing volume. This could be due to a stronger effect of gravitational force for a large liquid marble. The findings from this work could provide a new insight into the characterization of liquid marble and open up a new direction of fundamental research of liquid marble shell.
Systematic review and meta-analysis investigating breast feeding and childhood wheezing illness
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-08-2011
Reconstruction and identification of boosted di-τ systems in a search for Higgs boson pairs using 13 TeV proton-proton collision data in ATLAS
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-2020
Abstract: In this paper, a new technique for reconstructing and identifying hadronically decaying τ + τ − pairs with a large Lorentz boost, referred to as the di- τ tagger, is developed and used for the first time in the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. A benchmark di- τ tagging selection is employed in the search for resonant Higgs boson pair production, where one Higgs boson decays into a boosted $$ b\\overline{b} $$ b b ¯ pair and the other into a boosted τ + τ − pair, with two hadronically decaying τ -leptons in the final state. Using 139 fb − 1 of proton-proton collision data recorded at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, the efficiency of the di- τ tagger is determined and the background with quark- or gluon-initiated jets misidentified as di- τ objects is estimated. The search for a heavy, narrow, scalar resonance produced via gluon-gluon fusion and decaying into two Higgs bosons is carried out in the mass range 1–3 TeV using the same dataset. No deviations from the Standard Model predictions are observed, and 95% confidence-level exclusion limits are set on this model.
Simple Approximate Expressions for Electrical Double-Layer Interaction at Constant Moderate Potentials
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2000
Collision efficiency for fine mineral particles with single bubble in a countercurrent flow regime
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-1992
Quantifying the effect of polynuclear hydroxocomplex adsorption on the charge reversals at solid surfaces
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2022
Anomalous thickness variation of the foam films stabilized by weak non-ionic surfactants
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2009
Effect of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate on the motion of three-phase contact lines on the Wilhelmy plate surface
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2005
DOI: 10.1016/J.JCIS.2005.05.030
Abstract: The combined approach of the molecular-kinetic and hydrodynamic theories for description of the motion of three-phase gas-liquid-solid contact lines has been examined using the Wilhelmy plate method. The whole dynamic meniscus has been ided into molecular, hydrodynamic, and static-like regions. The Young-Laplace equation and the molecular-kinetic and hydrodynamic dewetting theories have been applied to describe the meniscus profiles and contact angle. The dissipative forces accompanying the dynamic dewetting have also been investigated. The experiments with a Wilhelmy plate made from an acrylic polymer sheet were carried out using a computerized apparatus for contact angle analysis (OCA 20, DataPhysics, Germany). The extrapolated dynamic contact angle versus velocity of the three-phase contact line for Milli-Q water and 5x10(-4) M SDBS solution was experimentally obtained and compared with the combined MHD models with low and moderate Reynolds numbers. The models predict similar results for the extrapolated contact angle. SDBS decreases the equilibrium contact angle and increases the molecular jumping length but does not affect the molecular frequency significantly. The hydrodynamic deformation of the meniscus, viscous dissipation, and friction were also influenced by the SDBS surfactant.
Matte Entrainment by SO2 Bubbles in Copper Smelting Slag
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-03-2019
Characterisation of sphalerite and pyrite surfaces activated by copper sulphate
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2017
Sliding of fine particles on the slip surface of rising gas bubbles: Resistance of liquid shear flows
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2005
Search for heavy diboson resonances in semileptonic final states in pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s}=13$$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2020
DOI: 10.1140/EPJC/S10052-020-08554-Y
Abstract: This paper reports on a search for heavy resonances decaying into WW , ZZ or WZ using proton–proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of $$\\sqrt{s}=13$$ s = 13 TeV. The data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 $$\\mathrm{fb}^{1}$$ fb 1 , were recorded with the ATLAS detector from 2015 to 2018 at the Large Hadron Collider. The search is performed for final states in which one W or Z boson decays leptonically, and the other W boson or Z boson decays hadronically. The data are found to be described well by expected backgrounds. Upper bounds on the production cross sections of heavy scalar, vector or tensor resonances are derived in the mass range 300–5000 GeV within the context of Standard Model extensions with warped extra dimensions or including a heavy vector triplet. Production through gluon–gluon fusion, Drell–Yan or vector-boson fusion are considered, depending on the assumed model.
Influence of liberation on bubble–particle attachment time in flotation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2015
Effects of alkyl ether amine and calcium ions on fine quartz flotation and its guidance for upgrading vanadium from stone coal
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2018
The effect of surface treatment and slime coatings on ZnS hydrophobicity
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2008
Shear-induced floc structure changes for enhanced dewatering of coal preparation plant tailings
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2011
Hydrophobic Effect on Gas Hydrate Formation in the Presence of Additives
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 28-09-2017
From Surface Tension to Molecular Distribution: Modeling Surfactant Adsorption at the Air-Water Interface
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 09-02-2021
Surface Science in the Research and Development of Hydrate-BasedSustainable Technologies
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 18-03-2022
A quantitative review of the transition salt concentration for inhibiting bubble coalescence
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.CIS.2014.07.005
Abstract: Some salts have been proven to inhibit bubble coalescence above a certain concentration called the transition concentration. The transition concentration of salts has been investigated and determined by using different techniques. Different mechanisms have also been proposed to explain the stabilizing effect of salts on bubble coalescence. However, as yet there is no consensus on a mechanism which can explain the stabilizing effect of all inhibiting salts. This paper critically reviews the experimental techniques and mechanisms for the coalescence of bubbles in saline solutions. The transition concentrations of NaCl, as the most popularly used salt, determined by using different techniques such as bubble swarm, bubble pairs, and thin liquid film micro-interferometry were analyzed and compared. For a consistent comparison, the concept of TC95 was defined as a salt concentration at which the "percentage coalescence" of bubbles reduces by 95% relative to the highest (100% in pure water) and lowest (in high-salt concentration) levels. The results show a linear relationship between the TC95 of NaCl and the reciprocal of the square root of the bubble radius. This relationship holds despite different experimental techniques, salt purities and bubble approach speeds, and highlights the importance of the bubble size in bubble coalescence. The available theoretical models for inhibiting effect of salts have also been reviewed. The failure of these models in predicting the salt transition concentration commands further theoretical development for a better understanding of bubble coalescence in salt solutions.
A floating self-propelling liquid marble containing aqueous ethanol solutions
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1039/C5RA23946J
Abstract: We report the behaviour of a self-propelling liquid marble containing an aqueous ethanol solution.
Hydrophobically-associating cationic polymers as micro-bubble surface modifiers in dissolved air flotation for cyanobacteria cell separation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2014
DOI: 10.1016/J.WATRES.2014.05.032
Abstract: Dissolved air flotation (DAF), an effective treatment method for clarifying algae/cyanobacteria-laden water, is highly dependent on coagulation-flocculation. Treatment of algae can be problematic due to unpredictable coagulant demand during blooms. To eliminate the need for coagulation-flocculation, the use of commercial polymers or surfactants to alter bubble charge in DAF has shown potential, termed the PosiDAF process. When using surfactants, poor removal was obtained but good bubble adherence was observed. Conversely, when using polymers, effective cell removal was obtained, attributed to polymer bridging, but polymers did not adhere well to the bubble surface, resulting in a cationic clarified effluent that was indicative of high polymer concentrations. In order to combine the attributes of both polymers (bridging ability) and surfactants (hydrophobicity), in this study, a commercially-available cationic polymer, poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (polyDMAEMA), was functionalised with hydrophobic pendant groups of various carbon chain lengths to improve adherence of polymer to a bubble surface. Its performance in PosiDAF was contrasted against commercially-available poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride) (polyDADMAC). All synthesised polymers used for bubble surface modification were found to produce positively charged bubbles. When applying these cationic micro-bubbles in PosiDAF, in the absence of coagulation-flocculation, cell removals in excess of 90% were obtained, reaching a maximum of 99% cell removal and thus demonstrating process viability. Of the synthesised polymers, the polymer containing the largest hydrophobic functionality resulted in highly anionic treated effluent, suggesting stronger adherence of polymers to bubble surfaces and reduced residual polymer concentrations.
DFT simulation of S-species interaction with smithsonite (0 0 1) surface: Effect of water molecule adsorption position
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2019
Improved Approximation of Water Dielectric Permittivity for Calculation of Hamaker Constants
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2000
Higgs boson production cross-section measurements and their EFT interpretation in the $$4\ell $$ decay channel at $$\sqrt{s}=$$13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-2020
DOI: 10.1140/EPJC/S10052-020-8227-9
Abstract: Higgs boson properties are studied in the four-lepton decay channel (where lepton = e , $$\\mu $$ μ ) using 139 $$\\hbox {fb}^{-1}$$ fb - 1 of proton–proton collision data recorded at $$\\sqrt{s}=$$ s = 13 TeV by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. The inclusive cross-section times branching ratio for $$H\\rightarrow ZZ^*$$ H → Z Z ∗ decay is measured to be $$1.34 \\pm 0.12$$ 1.34 ± 0.12 pb for a Higgs boson with absolute rapidity below 2.5, in good agreement with the Standard Model prediction of $$1.33 \\pm 0.08$$ 1.33 ± 0.08 pb. Cross-sections times branching ratio are measured for the main Higgs boson production modes in several exclusive phase-space regions. The measurements are interpreted in terms of coupling modifiers and of the tensor structure of Higgs boson interactions using an effective field theory approach. Exclusion limits are set on the CP-even and CP-odd ‘beyond the Standard Model’ couplings of the Higgs boson to vector bosons, gluons and top quarks.
Cyclodextrins as eco-friendly nucleation promoters for methane hydrate
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2021
Novel catalysis mechanisms of benzohydroxamic acid adsorption by lead ions and changes in the surface of scheelite particles
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2018
Dynamic behaviour of a magnetically actuated floating liquid marble
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-2017
Investigations of bubble–particle interactions
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2003
The Collision between Fine Particles and Single Air Bubbles in Flotation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 1994
Effects of ion specificity on the surface electrical properties of kaolinite and montmorillonite
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2019
Contact time during impact of a spherical particle against a plane gas-liquid interface: experiment
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-1997
Analyzing EEG signals under insulin-induced hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes patients
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2013
A new way of assessing droplet evaporation independently of the substrate hydrophobicity and contact line mode: A case study of sessile droplets with surfactants
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2019
Measurements of inclusive and differential cross-sections of combined $$ t\overline{t}\gamma $$ and tWγ production in the eμ channel at 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-2020
Abstract: Inclusive and differential cross-sections for the production of top quarks in association with a photon are measured with proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb − 1 . The data were collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC during Run 2 between 2015 and 2018 at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The measurements are performed in a fiducial volume defined at parton level. Events with exactly one photon, one electron and one muon of opposite sign, and at least two jets, of which at least one is b -tagged, are selected. The fiducial cross-section is measured to be $$ {39.6}_{-2.3}^{+2.7} $$ 39.6 − 2.3 + 2.7 fb. Differential cross-sections as functions of several observables are compared with state-of-the-art Monte Carlo simulations and next-to-leading-order theoretical calculations. These include cross-sections as functions of photon kinematic variables, angular variables related to the photon and the leptons, and angular separations between the two leptons in the event. All measurements are in agreement with the predictions from the Standard Model.
Flotation surface chemistry of water-soluble salt minerals: from experimental results to new perspectives
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.CIS.2022.102775
Abstract: The flotation separation of water-soluble salt minerals has to be conducted under the condition of saturation in brines which represents a challenging but exciting topic of colloid and surface chemistry. Despite several proposals on explaining the success of this industrial application for many decades, our understanding of the flotation separation is still far from complete yet, owing to the complexity of the highly selective collection of salt crystals by air bubbles in brines. Here, we thoroughly review the experimental results for halogen, oxyanion, and double salts and match them with the proposed theories on the flotation of soluble salts to identify the agreed and disagreed cases. The experimental results show that the flotation of these salts varies from collectors (surfactants applied to control the crystal hydrophobicity) to collectors and is strongly affected by the brine ion composition and pH conditions. We find some exceptional flotation results that cannot be simply explained by the crystal surface charge and wettability. Furthermore, we outline several disputes and discrepancies between the experiments and the theories when different collectors are applied. Apart from the extensive consideration of surface hydration, the presence of external ion species exhibits ubiquitous effects on the surface properties of salt crystals and the colloidal properties of collectors. We conclude that the interactions between salt ions, water molecules, collectors, and salt crystals must be considered more thoroughly, and the activity of collectors at the air-liquid interface should also be the focus. Advanced techniques such as molecular dynamics simulation, atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and sum-frequency generation spectroscopy are expected to be promising research tools for future studies.
Dynamic adsorption of sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate and dowfroth 250 onto the air–water interface
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2005
Effect of nanobubbles on friction forces between hydrophobic surfaces in water
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1016/J.JCIS.2008.09.040
Abstract: The interaction between hydrophobic surfaces in aqueous solutions is particularly important because it is encountered in many industrial processes. Even though advances in surface science have been tremendous, the nature of the hydrophobic interaction remains one of the greatest challenges to the field. In this work an atomic force microscope (AFM) was used to measure the normal and lateral interactions between a silica bead and a smooth silica substrate hydrophobized by esterification with 1-octanol. The experiments were performed in water and in water after alcohol-water exchange, a method that has been shown to increase the occurrence and size of nanobubbles at the hydrophobic surface and in turn result in a longer range hydrophobic force due to capillary bridge formation. It was found that the alcohol-water exchange had a significant impact on the friction force due to the increased size of the capillary, which increased adhesion.
Mixing Phenomena in a Bottom Blown Copper Smelter: A Water Model Study
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-03-2015
Control preparation of zinc hydroxide nitrate nanocrystals and examination of the chemical and structural stability
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 27-04-2012
DOI: 10.1021/JP300045U
Improving coal flotation using the mixture of candle soot and hydrocarbon oil as a novel flotation collector
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2018
Particle-Bubble Interaction In Flotation
Publisher: Brill
A critical review of the growth, drainage and collapse of foams
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2016
DOI: 10.1016/J.CIS.2015.11.009
Abstract: This review focuses on the current knowledge regarding (i) the mechanisms governing foamability and foam stability, and (ii) models for the foam column kinetics. Although different length scales of foam structure, such as air-water interface and liquid film, have been studied to elucidate the mechanisms that control the foamability and foam stability, many questions remain unanswered. It is due to the collective effects of different mechanisms involved and the complicated structures of foam sub-structures such as foam films, Plateau borders and nodes, and foam networks like soft porous materials. The current knowledge of the effects of solid particles on liquid film stability and foam drainage is also discussed to highlight gaps in our present level of understanding foam systems with solid particles. We also critically review and summarize the models that describe macroscopic foam behaviors, such as equilibrium foam height, foam growth and collapse, within the context of the mechanisms involved.
Fundamental Studies of Electrochemically Controlled Surface Oxidation and Hydrophobicity of Natural Enargite
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 06-02-2013
DOI: 10.1021/LA3043654
Abstract: The surface oxidation and hydrophobicity of natural enargite (Cu(3)AsS(4)) and the formation of oxidation species at the mineral surface have been examined by a novel experimental approach that combines electrochemical techniques and atomic force microscopy (AFM). This approach allows for in-situ, synchronized electrochemical control and examination of the oxidative surface morphology of enargite. Combined with ex-situ cryo X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy surface analysis, the surface speciation of enargite surface oxidation has been obtained, comparing the newly fractured natural enargite surface with those that have been electrochemically oxidized at pHs 4 and 10. At pH 4, surface layer formations consisting of metal-deficient sulfide and elemental sulfur were identified, associated with a limited increase in root-mean-square (rms) roughness (1.228 to 3.143 nm) and apparent heterogeneous distribution of surface products as demonstrated by AFM imaging. A mechanism of initial rapid dissolution of Cu followed by diffusion-limited surface layer deposition was identified. At pH 10, a similar mechanism was identified although the differences between the initial and diffusion-limited phases were less definitive. Surface species were identified as copper sulfate and copper hydroxide. A significant increase in surface roughness was found as rms roughness increased from 0.795 to 9.723 nm. Dynamic (receding) contact angle measurements were obtained by a droplet evaporation method. No significant difference in the contact angle on a surface oxidized at pH 10 and the freshly polished surface was found. A significant difference was found between the polished surface and that oxidized at pH 4, with an increase in contact angle of about 13° (46° to 59°) after oxidation. Competing effects of hydrophilic (copper oxides and hydroxides) and hydrophobic (elemental sulfur) species on the mineral surface under oxidizing conditions at pH 4 and the change in surface roughness at pH 10 may contribute to the observed effects of electrochemically controlled oxidation on enargite hydrophobicity.
Nanobubbles and the nanobubble bridging capillary force
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2010
DOI: 10.1016/J.CIS.2010.01.006
Abstract: Interactions between hydrophobic surfaces at nanometer separation distances in aqueous solutions are important in a number of biological and industrial processes. Force spectroscopy studies, most notably with the atomic force microscope and surface-force apparatus, have found the existence of a long range hydrophobic attractive force between hydrophobic surfaces in aqueous conditions that cannot be explained by classical colloidal science theories. Numerous mechanisms have been proposed for the hydrophobic force, but in many cases the force is an artifact due to the accumulation of submicroscopic bubbles at the liquid-hydrophobic solid interface, the so called nanobubbles. The coalescence of nanobubbles as hydrophobic surfaces approach forms a gaseous capillary bridge, and thus a capillary force. The existence of nanobubbles has been highly debated over the last 15 years. To date, experimental evidence is sound but a theoretical understanding is still lacking. It is the purpose of this review to bring together the many experimental results on nanobubbles and the resulting capillary force in order to clarify these phenomena. A review of pertinent nanobubble stability and formation theories is also presented.
Anomalous Time Effect on Particle−Bubble Interactions Studied by Atomic Force Microscopy
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 03-02-2009
DOI: 10.1021/LA802638S
Abstract: The atomic force microscope was employed to investigate the time effect on normal interactions between a hydrophilic silica particle and an air bubble deposited onto a hydrophobic Teflon surface in pure water and 10 mM methyl isobutyl carbinol solutions. The force versus separation distance curves taken at different times after bubble generation were qualitatively compared. It has been found that the penetration distance, jump-in force, contact angle, rupture distance, force required for the film to rupture, interfacial spring constant, and bubble shape were time-dependent. The results were explained by the change of the air-water interface shape with time due to water droplet growth on the Teflon surface inside the air bubbles.
Regimes of drainage instability caused by wash water
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2020
Nucleobases modified azo‐polysiloxanes, materials with potential application in biomolecules nanomanipulation
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 31-07-2007
DOI: 10.1002/POLA.22165
Direct measurement of particle–bubble interaction forces using atomic force microscopy
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2008
Selective attachment and spreading of hydroxamic acid–alcohol collector mixtures in phosphate flotation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2006
Combined Sum Frequency Generation and Thin Liquid Film Study of the Specific Effect of Monovalent Cations on the Interfacial Water Structure
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 18-05-2018
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.LANGMUIR.8B00648
Abstract: Some salts have been recently shown to decrease the sum frequency generation (SFG) intensity of the hydrogen-bonded water molecules, but a quantitative explanation is still awaited. Here, we report a similar trend for the chloride salts of monovalent cations, that is, LiCl, NaCl, and CsCl, at low concentrations. Specifically, we revealed not only the specific adsorption of cations at the water surface but also the concentration-dependent effect of ions on the SFG response of the interfacial water molecules. Our thin-film pressure balance (TFPB) measurements (stabilized by 10 mM of methyl isobutyl carbinol) enabled the determination of the surface potential that governs the surface electric field affecting interfacial water dipoles. The use of the special alcohol also enabled us to identify a remarkable specific screening effect of cations on the surface potential. We explained the concentration dependency by considering the direct ion-water interactions and water reorientation under the influence of surface electric field as the two main contributors to the overall SFG signal of the hydrogen-bonded water molecules. Although the former was dominant only at the low-concentration range, the effect of the latter intensified with increasing salt concentration, leading to the recovery of the band intensity at medium concentrations. We discussed the likelihood of a correlation between the effect of ions on reorientation dynamics of water molecules and the broad-band intensity drop in the SFG spectra of salt solutions. We proposed a mechanism for the cation-specific effect through the formation of an ionic capacitance at the solution surface. It explains how cations could impart the ion specificity while they are traditionally believed to be repelled from the interfacial region. The electrical potential of this capacitance varies with the charge separation and ion density at the interface. The charge separation being controlled by the polarizability difference between anions and cations was identified using the SFG response of the interfacial water molecules as an indirect probe. The ion density being affected by the absolute polarizability of ions was tracked through the measurement of the surface potentials and Debye-Hückel lengths using the TFPB technique.
Molecular features of the air/carbonate solution interface
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2008
DOI: 10.1016/J.JCIS.2007.09.097
Abstract: The nature of the air/carbonate solution interface is considered with respect to water structure by sum-frequency vibrational spectroscopy (SFVS) and molecular dynamics simulations (MDS). Results from this study provide further understating regarding previous observations that the surface tensions of structure making sodium carbonate solutions have been shown to be significantly greater than the surface tensions of structure breaking bicarbonate solutions at equivalent concentrations. This difference in surface tension and its variation with salt concentration is related to the organization of water and ions at the air/solution interface. Spectral results from SFVS show at equivalent concentrations that, for the carbonate solution, the strong water structure signal of 3200 cm(-1) at the air/carbonate solution interface is increased by a factor of 4 when compared to the same signal for the air/bicarbonate solution interface, which spectrum is weaker than the spectrum for the air/water interface in the absence of salt. These results from SFVS are explained by the results from MDS which show that in the case of carbonate solutions the structure making carbonate ions are excluded from the interfacial water region which region is extended in depth. On the other hand, in the case of bicarbonate solutions, the bicarbonate ions are accommodated in the interfacial water region and there is no evidence of an increase in the extent of water structure. These SFVS experimental and MD simulation results provide further information to understand interfacial phenomena of soluble salts at the molecular level.
Bed expansion and gas holdup characteristics of bubble–assisted fluidization of liquid–particle suspensions in a HydroFloat cell
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
The dynamic contact angle of a bubble with an immersed-in-water particle and its implications for bubble–particle detachment
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2016
A study of bubble–particle interaction using atomic force microscopy
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2003
An Analysis of Bubble Deformation by a Sphere Relevant to the Measurements of Bubble–Particle Contact Interaction and Detachment Forces
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 07-11-2016
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.LANGMUIR.6B02985
Abstract: Atomic force microscopy makes it possible to measure the interacting forces between in idual colloidal particles and air bubbles, which can provide a measure of the particle hydrophobicity. To indicate the level of hydrophobicity of the particle, the contact angle can be calculated, assuming that no interfacial deformation occurs with the bubble retaining a spherical profile. Our experimental results obtained using a modified sphere tensiometry apparatus to detach submillimeter spherical particles show that deformation of the bubble interface does occur during particle detachment. We also develop a theoretical model to describe the equilibrium shape of the bubble meniscus at any given particle position, based on the minimization of the free energy of the system. The developed model allows us to analyze high-speed video captured during detachment. In the system model deformation of the bubble profile is accounted for by the incorporation of a Lagrange multiplier into both the Young-Laplace equation and the force balance. The solution of the bubble profile matched to the high-speed video allows us to accurately calculate the contact angle and determine the total force balance as a function of the contact point of the bubble on the particle surface.
Increasing gas–liquid contacting using a confined plunging liquid jet
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-2003
DOI: 10.1002/JCTB.768
Abstract: The plunging liquid jet bubble column is an effective device for gas–liquid contacting. Small bubbles are formed in a high‐shear region surrounding the plunging jet, leading to high interfacial area per unit volume of gas. At the same time, the counter‐current flow downstream of the jet leads to regions of high gas holdup, producing high interfacial area per unit volume of reactor. This paper presents a study of the void fraction in the pipe‐flow zone of the downcomer in a plunging jet reactor. It was found that the Ergun equation, using the standard constants derived from data for pressure drop in packed beds of solids, successfully predicted the gas void fraction for both bubbly and churn‐turbulent flow conditions provided the increase in bubble size, with increasing gas input, was taken into consideration. Drift‐flux analysis was also applied to the pipe‐flow zone, and highlighted the transition from bubbly to churn‐turbulent flow and a maximum gas void fraction operating condition of approximately 0.55. From the analysis the distribution coeffient for the downflowing system was found to be in the range 0.99–1.04, which was consistent with the measured radial void fraction profile and developed pipe flow for the two‐phase mixture. © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
A numerical study with experimental validation of liquid-assisted fluidization of particle suspensions in a HydroFloat cell
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2019
A modeling approach using back-calculated induction times to predict recoveries in flotation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2013
On the stability of thin films of pure water
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.CIS.2019.03.005
Abstract: The stability of water films has been the focus of many researchers in the recent decades. Unfortunately, there is no consensus on the stability of these foam films or on the mechanisms responsible for stabilizing water films. This paper examines the reported results on this matter and scrutinizes them based on speciation analysis of the dissolved species and the recent achievements in the adsorption of inorganic ions on the air/water interface. Our results confirm the key role of surface contamination, interface approach velocity and evaporation in the drainage and lifetime of these water films. It confirms the stabilizing effect of contamination and the destabilizing effect of air-water interface approach velocity. Moreover, the negative sign of the surface/zeta potential of the air/water interface and its dependence on the pH value were explained.
Liquid-assisted irregular coarse particle fluidization in a fluidized bed flotation cell: Bed of low-density versus high-density particles
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2023
Dewetting kinetics between a gas bubble and a flat solid surface and the effect of three-phase solid–gas–liquid contact line tension
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-1998
A concise review of nanoscopic aspects of bioleaching bacteria–mineral interactions
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2014
DOI: 10.1016/J.CIS.2014.08.005
Abstract: Bioleaching is a technology for the recovery of metals from minerals by means of microorganisms, which accelerate the oxidative dissolution of the mineral by regenerating ferric ions. Bioleaching processes take place at the interface of bacteria, sulfide mineral and leaching solution. The fundamental forces between a bioleaching bacterium and mineral surface are central to understanding the intricacies of interfacial phenomena, such as bacterial adhesion or detachment from minerals and the mineral dissolution. This review focuses on the current state of knowledge in the colloidal aspect of bacteria-mineral interactions, particularly for bioleaching bacteria. Special consideration is given to the microscopic structure of bacterial cells and the atomic force microscopy technique used in the quantification of fundamental interaction forces at nanoscale.
Search for top squarks in events with a Higgs or Z boson using 139 fb$$^{-1}$$ of pp collision data at $$\sqrt{s}=13$$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-2020
DOI: 10.1140/EPJC/S10052-020-08469-8
Abstract: This paper presents a search for direct top squark pair production in events with missing transverse momentum plus either a pair of jets consistent with Standard Model Higgs boson decay into b -quarks or a same-flavour opposite-sign dilepton pair with an invariant mass consistent with a Z boson. The analysis is performed using the proton–proton collision data at $$\\sqrt{s}=13$$ s = 13 TeV collected with the ATLAS detector during the LHC Run-2, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb $$^{-1}$$ - 1 . No excess is observed in the data above the Standard Model predictions. The results are interpreted in simplified models featuring direct production of pairs of either the lighter top squark ( $$\\tilde{t}_1$$ t ~ 1 ) or the heavier top squark ( $$\\tilde{t}_2$$ t ~ 2 ), excluding at 95% confidence level $$\\tilde{t}_1$$ t ~ 1 and $$\\tilde{t}_2$$ t ~ 2 masses up to about 1220 and 875 GeV, respectively.
Resolving the mystery of the second charge reversal on solid surfaces in the presence of divalent heavy metal ions
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2020
The health and wellbeing of Australian farmers: A longitudinal cohort study
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-09-2016
The impact of line tension on the contact angle of nanodroplets
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 05-09-2013
Search for Dark Matter Produced in Association with a Dark Higgs Boson Decaying into
W ±
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
26-03-2021
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 26-03-2021
Effect of geometric constraint caused by nearby particles on the detachment from the particle-laden interface
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2021
Time of gas–solid–liquid three-phase contact expansion in flotation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-1999
Accumulation and distribution of zinc in the leaves and roots of the hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2015
Attraction between hydrophobic surfaces studied by atomic force microscopy
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2003
Stream function, flow separation and force equation for stagnation flow passing a small solid sphere touching a rising gas bubble
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 12-08-2003
Effects of surfactant adsorption and surface forces on thinning and rupture of foam liquid films
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2005
The Contact Angle Variation of Floating Particles Makes It Difficult to Use the Neumann Condition To Quantify the Air–Water Interface Deformation in Three-Dimensional Space
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 23-01-2019
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.LANGMUIR.8B03935
Abstract: Capillary force is critical to the floatability of particles at the air-water interface. Quantification of the capillary force requires solving the Young-Laplace equation using suitable boundary conditions (BCs) at the triple contact line. For axisymmetric (two-dimensional, 2D) systems, such as single spheres floating at an initially flat air-water surface, both the Dirichlet (constant contact depth) and Neumann (constant contact angle) BCs can be applied. For three-dimensional (3D) systems, Neumann BCs (NBCs) have been successfully used. In this paper, we have challenged the use of NBCs for the 3D deformation of the air-water surface induced by floating particles, which always exhibit intrinsic contact angle (CA) hysteresis that is significantly lified in 3D systems. Specifically, we designed and conducted the experiments using single prismatic particles, which allowed for the determination of two characteristic CAs at the two diagonal axes with a high degree of certainty. We calibrated the numerical solution to the 3D Young-Laplace equation using the deformed air-water interface profiles at the two diagonal axes and then validated the numerical solution for the capillary force on the floating particles with the measured force. We obtained reliable data for the CA along the three-phase contact line (TPCL), which displayed a significant distribution. We also discussed the findings that were significant to floating spheres in asymmetric systems, such as pairs of floating spheres. This paper provides experimental and theoretical evidence that the CA is not constant along the contact line in a 3D geometry, which invalidates the use of NBCs for 3D systems of floating particles. This study highlights the significance of the CA variation known as CA hysteresis, which should be considered when predicting the floatability of particles at the air-water interface.
Study on Application of a New Model for the Kinetics of Diaspore Leaching Process
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-03-2012
Comparative validation of the analytical models for the Marangoni effect on foam film drainage
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2010
Development of ions-TIP4P-Ew force fields for molecular processes in bulk and at the aqueous interface using molecular simulations
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2012
Kinetic studies of amyl xanthate adsorption and bubble attachment to Cu-activated sphalerite and pyrite surfaces
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2017
Maternal asthma in Australian indigenous women and perinatal outcomes: A whole population–linked study
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-08-2023
DOI: 10.1002/IJGO.14363
Abstract: To assess the association between maternal asthma and adverse perinatal outcomes in an Australian Indigenous population. This prospective cohort study included all Indigenous mother and baby dyads for births from 2001 to 2013 in Western Australia ( n = 25 484). Data were linked from Western Australia Births, Deaths, Midwives, Hospital, and Emergency Department collections. Maternal asthma was defined as a self‐reported diagnosis at an antenatal visit or hospitalization or emergency visit for asthma during pregnancy or less than 3 years before pregnancy. Associations with birth, labor, and pregnancy outcomes were assessed using generalized estimating equations. Asthma exacerbation during pregnancy and stratification by remoteness was also assessed. Maternal asthma was associated with placental abruption (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.59 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.07–2.35]), threatened preterm labor (aOR, 1.58 [95% CI, 1.39–1.79]), and emergency cesarean sections (aOR, 1.27 [95% CI, 1.13–1.44]). These risks increased further with an asthma exacerbation during pregnancy or if the mother was from a remote area. No associations were found for low birth weight, preterm birth, small for gestational age, or perinatal mortality. Maternal asthma in Indigenous women is associated with an increased risk of emergency cesarean sections, placental abruption, and threatened preterm labor. These risks may be mitigated by improved management of asthma exacerbations during pregnancy.
Column bioleaching of low-grade copper ore by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans in pure and mixed cultures with a heterotrophic acidophile Acidiphilium sp.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2013
Adsorption and surface tension analysis of concentrated alkali halide brine solutions
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2009
The international Perinatal Outcomes in the Pandemic (iPOP) study: protocol
Publisher: F1000 Research Ltd
Date: 02-02-2021
DOI: 10.12688/WELLCOMEOPENRES.16507.1
Abstract: Preterm birth is the leading cause of infant death worldwide, but the causes of preterm birth are largely unknown. During the early COVID-19 lockdowns, dramatic reductions in preterm birth were reported however, these trends may be offset by increases in stillbirth rates. It is important to study these trends globally as the pandemic continues, and to understand the underlying cause(s). Lockdowns have dramatically impacted maternal workload, access to healthcare, hygiene practices, and air pollution - all of which could impact perinatal outcomes and might affect pregnant women differently in different regions of the world. In the international Perinatal Outcomes in the Pandemic (iPOP) Study, we will seize the unique opportunity offered by the COVID-19 pandemic to answer urgent questions about perinatal health. In the first two study phases, we will use population-based aggregate data and standardized outcome definitions to: 1) Determine rates of preterm birth, low birth weight, and stillbirth and describe changes during lockdowns and assess if these changes are consistent globally, or differ by region and income setting, 2) Determine if the magnitude of changes in adverse perinatal outcomes during lockdown are modified by regional differences in COVID-19 infection rates, lockdown stringency, adherence to lockdown measures, air quality, or other social and economic markers, obtained from publicly available datasets. We will undertake an interrupted time series analysis covering births from January 2015 through July 2020. The iPOP Study will involve at least 121 researchers in 37 countries, including obstetricians, neonatologists, epidemiologists, public health researchers, environmental scientists, and policymakers. We will leverage the most disruptive and widespread “natural experiment” of our lifetime to make rapid discoveries about preterm birth. Whether the COVID-19 pandemic is worsening or unexpectedly improving perinatal outcomes, our research will provide critical new information to shape prenatal care strategies throughout (and well beyond) the pandemic.
Manipulation of a floating liquid marble using dielectrophoresis
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1039/C8LC01057A
Abstract: A liquid marble is a microliter-sized droplet coated with hydrophobic powder.
Search for long-lived, massive particles in events with a displaced vertex and a muon with large impact parameter in
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 14-08-2020
Do liquid films rupture due to the so-called hydrophobic force or migration of dissolved gases?
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 16-02-2009
DOI: 10.1021/LA8034648
Abstract: Liquid films between hydrophobic (water-repellent) interfaces are not stable. The film rupture has been attributed to the so-called hydrophobic attraction. In this paper microinterferometry experiments show that gases inherently dissolved in water have a significant effect on the film rupture. Specifically, films of ultrapure deionized water in contact with degassed oil (squalene) were stable for as long as 35 min, while the water films in contact with nondegassed oil had a lifetime of seconds. These films ruptured at film thicknesses of approximately 150 nm. The degassed oil was also purposely left in contact with air. The oil-in-water emulsion films formed between degassed oil left in contact with air for a long period of time did not last longer than a few seconds and ruptured at significantly high thicknesses (about 800 nm). The degassing effect did not change the interfacial potential (about -65 mV) and the electrical double-layer repulsion between the squalene-water interfaces. Migration of dissolved gases between oil and water caused the rupture phenomena observed.
New method and equations for determining attachment tenacity and particle size limit in flotation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2003
Development of a Bayesian neural network to perform obstacle avoidance for an intelligent wheelchair
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 08-2012
Search for charged Higgs bosons decaying into a top quark and a bottom quark at $$ \sqrt{\mathrm{s}} $$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-2021
Abstract: A search for charged Higgs bosons decaying into a top quark and a bottom quark is presented. The data analysed correspond to 139 fb − 1 of proton-proton collisions at $$ \\sqrt{s} $$ s = 13 TeV, recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The production of a heavy charged Higgs boson in association with a top quark and a bottom quark, pp → tbH + → tbtb , is explored in the H + mass range from 200 to 2000 GeV using final states with jets and one electron or muon. Events are categorised according to the multiplicity of jets and b -tagged jets, and multivariate analysis techniques are used to discriminate between signal and background events. No significant excess above the background-only hypothesis is observed and exclusion limits are derived for the production cross-section times branching ratio of a charged Higgs boson as a function of its mass they range from 3.6 pb at 200 GeV to 0.036 pb at 2000 GeV at 95% confidence level. The results are interpreted in the hMSSM and $$ {M}_h^{125} $$ M h 125 scenarios.
Tuneable control of interfacial rheology and emulsion coalescence
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-03-2009
Abstract: Breaking point: Switchable peptide surfactants are used to demonstrate that the extent of cross-linking in an interfacial surfactant layer can control the rate of emulsion coalescence. Pictured is the rupture of an aqueous thin film where the peptide layer lacks sufficient strength to prevent hole formation, but nonetheless dramatically slows the rate of hole expansion.
Azo-polymers modified with nucleobases and their interactions with DNA molecules
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-01-2011
Streaming Potential Effect on the Drainage of Thin Liquid Films Stabilized by Ionic Surfactants
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 10-12-2010
DOI: 10.1021/LA903593P
Accumulation of dissolved gases at hydrophobic surfaces in water and sodium chloride solutions: Implications for coal flotation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2009
Measurement of the t t
Publisher:
Elsevier BV
Date:
11-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2020
Suppressing interfacial water signals to assist the peak assignment of the N+–H stretching mode in sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1039/C5CP05374A
Abstract: This study provides experimental evidence that the 3080 cm −1 peak is from the N + –H vibrations, while the 3330 cm −1 peak is not due to ammonium species but rather originates from the interfacial water vibrational modes or the backbone amide modes.
Physical and Chemical Analysis of Elemental Sulfur Formation during Galena Surface Oxidation
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 10-03-2011
DOI: 10.1021/LA104755A
Abstract: The surface oxidation of sulfide minerals, such as galena (PbS), in aqueous solutions is of critical importance in a number of applications. A comprehensive understanding of the formation of oxidation species at the galena surface is still lacking. Much controversy over the nature of these oxidation products exists. A number of oxidation pathways have been proposed, and experimental evidence for the formation of elemental sulfur, metal polysulfides, and metal-deficient lead sulfides in acidic conditions has been shown and argued. This paper provides further insight into the electrochemical behavior of galena at pH 4.5. Utilizing a novel experimental system that combines in situ electrochemical control and AC mode atomic force microscopy (AFM) surface imaging, the formation and growth of nanoscopic domains on the galena surface are detected and examined at anodic potentials. AFM phase images indicate that these domains have different material properties to the underlying galena. Continued oxidation results in nanoscopic pitting and the formation of microscopic surface domains, which are confirmed to be elemental sulfur by Raman spectroscopy. Further clarification of the presence of elemental sulfur is provided by Cryo-XPS. Polysulfide and metal-deficient sulfide could not be detected within this system.
Viscosity Model for Iron Blast Furnace Slags in SiO2–Al2O3–CaO–MgO System
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-03-2015
Examining and extending the concept of machine acceleration used in modelling the bubble-particle detachment in flotation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2019
Effects of Charged Surfactants on Interfacial Water Structure and Macroscopic Properties of the Air‐Water Interface
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-09-2023
Parametric investigations of different variables on liquid–solid fluidization in a HydroFloat cell using computational fluid dynamics
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2020
Analytical Model for Diffusive Evaporation of Sessile Droplets Coupled with Interfacial Cooling Effect
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 14-05-2018
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.LANGMUIR.7B03862
Abstract: Current analytical models for sessile droplet evaporation do not consider the nonuniform temperature field within the droplet and can overpredict the evaporation by 20%. This deviation can be attributed to a significant temperature drop due to the release of the latent heat of evaporation along the air-liquid interface. We report, for the first time, an analytical solution of the sessile droplet evaporation coupled with this interfacial cooling effect. The two-way coupling model of the quasi-steady thermal diffusion within the droplet and the quasi-steady diffusion-controlled droplet evaporation is conveniently solved in the toroidal coordinate system by applying the method of separation of variables. Our new analytical model for the coupled vapor concentration and temperature fields is in the closed form and is applicable for a full range of spherical-cap shape droplets of different contact angles and types of fluids. Our analytical results are uniquely quantified by a dimensionless evaporative cooling number E
The Effect of Fluoropolymer on Wettability Alteration of Sandstone at Elevated Temperatures
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-08-2016
Attractive Forces between Hydrophobic Solid Surfaces Measured by AFM on the First Approach in Salt Solutions and in the Presence of Dissolved Gases
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 05-02-2015
DOI: 10.1021/LA504001Z
Abstract: Interfacial gas enrichment of dissolved gases (IGE) has been shown to cover hydrophobic solid surfaces in water. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) data has recently been supported by molecular dynamics simulation. It was demonstrated that IGE is responsible for the unexpected stability and large contact angle of gaseous nanobubbles at the hydrophobic solid-water interface. Here we provide further evidence of the significant effect of IGE on an attractive force between hydrophobic solid surfaces in water. The force in the presence of dissolved gas, i.e., in aerated and nonaerated NaCl solutions (up to 4 M), was measured by the AFM colloidal probe technique. The effect of nanobubble bridging on the attractive force was minimized or eliminated by measuring forces on the first approach of the AFM probe toward the flat hydrophobic surface and by using high salt concentrations to reduce gas solubility. Our results confirm the presence of three types of forces, two of which are long-range attractive forces of capillary bridging origin as caused by either surface nanobubbles or gap-induced cavitation. The third type is a short-range attractive force observed in the absence of interfacial nanobubbles that is attributed to the IGE in the form of a dense gas layer (DGL) at hydrophobic surfaces. Such a force was found to increase with increasing gas saturation and to decrease with decreasing gas solubility.
Progress on the Surface Nanobubble Story: What is in the bubble? Why does it exist?
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.CIS.2014.09.004
Abstract: Interfaces between aqueous solutions and hydrophobic solid surfaces are important in various areas of science and technology. Many researchers have found that forces between hydrophobic surfaces in aqueous solution are significantly different from the classical DLVO theory. Long-range attractive forces (non-DLVO forces) are thought to be affected by nanoscopic gaseous domains at the interfaces. This is a review of the latest research on nanobubbles at hydrophobic surfaces from experimental and simulation studies. The review focusses on non-intrusive optical view of surface nanobubbles and gas enrichment on solid surfaces by imaging and force mapping. By use of these recent experimental data in conjunction with molecular simulation work, all major theories on surface nanobubble formation and stability are critically reviewed. Even though the current body of research cannot comprehensively explain all properties of surface nanobubbles observed, the fundamental understanding has been significantly improved. Line tension has been shown to be incapable of explaining the contact angle of nanobubbles. Dense gas layer theory provides a new explanation on both large contact angle and long-time stability. The high density of gas in these domains may significantly affect the gas-water interface which is in line with some observation made on bulk nanobubbles. Along this line of inquiry, experimental and simulation effort should be focussed on measuring the density within surface nanobubbles and the properties of the gas water interface which may be the key to explaining the stability of these nanobubbles.
Suicide in rural Australia: A retrospective study of mental health problems, health-seeking and service utilisation
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 21-07-2021
DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0245271
Abstract: Suicide rates are higher in rural Australia than in major cities, although the factors contributing to this are not well understood. This study highlights trends in suicide and examines the prevalence of mental health problems and service utilisation of non-Indigenous Australians by geographic remoteness in rural Australia. A retrospective study of National Coronial Information System data of intentional self-harm deaths in rural New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia and Tasmania for 2010–2015 from the National Coronial Information System. There were 3163 closed cases of intentional self-harm deaths by non-Indigenous Australians for the period 2010–2015. The suicide rate of 12.7 deaths per 100,000 persons was 11% higher than the national Australian rate and increased with remoteness. Among people who died by suicide, up to 56% had a diagnosed mental illness, and a further 24% had undiagnosed symptoms. Reported diagnoses of mental illness decreased with remoteness, as did treatment for mental illness, particularly in men. The most reported diagnoses were mood disorders (70%), psychotic disorders (9%) and anxiety disorders (8%). In the six weeks before suicide, 22% of cases had visited any type of health service at least once, and 6% had visited two or more services. Medication alone accounted for 76% of all cases treated. Higher suicide rates in rural areas, which increase with remoteness, may be attributable to decreasing diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders, particularly in men. Less availability of mental health specialists coupled with socio-demographic factors within more remote areas may contribute to lower mental health diagnoses and treatment. Despite an emphasis on improving health-seeking and service accessibility in rural Australia, research is needed to determine factors related to the under-utilisation of services and treatment by specific groups vulnerable to death by suicide.
Synergistic Effects of Sodium Iodide and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate at Low Concentrations on Promoting Gas Hydrate Nucleation
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 20-07-2020
Specificity and affinity of multivalent ions adsorption to kaolinite surface
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2020
Influence of Dryer Type on Surface Characteristics of Milk Powders
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-2011
Contact time during impact of a spherical particle against a plane gas-liquid interface: theory
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-1997
A particle swarm optimization-based neural network for detecting nocturnal hypoglycemia using electroencephalography signals
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2012
The effect of ozonation on aggregation of humic substances on mica studied by atomic force microscopy
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2008
A link between viscosity and cation-anion contact pairs: Adventure on the concept of structure-making/breaking for concentrated salt solutions
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2018
Evidence of surfactant sub-monolayer adsorption at the air/water interface provided by laser scattering measurements of ultrafine gas bubbles
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1039/D1NJ02802B
Abstract: As the SDS concentration increases in bubble rich solutions, the surfactant layer alters its size and refractive index. The scattered light enhancement and SFG signal cancellation prove that sub-monolayer adsorption exists at the air/water interface.
Hydrodynamics of liquid flows around air bubbles in flotation: a review
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-1999
Mechanochemically Synthesised Zn<sub>x</sub>Cd<sub>1-x</sub>S Nanoparticles for Solar Energy Applications
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 07-2012
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/JNANOR.18-19.247
Abstract: The mechanochemical solid-state synthesis of Zn x Cd 1-x S nanoparticles from zinc acetate, cadmium acetate and sodium sulphide in a planetary laboratory mill is described. Through changing the molar ratio of the Zn and Cd precursors, Zn x Cd1 -x S nanoparticles of different composition were prepared. Structural, surface and morphological properties were investigated by XRD, XPS, SEM and UV-VIS. Diffusion structural diagnostics was characterised by the emanation thermal analysis (ETA) results measured on heating of the s les. The cubic phase was found to be stable under mechanochemical treatment, as determined by XRD. The mixed phases were found to have ideal solution behaviours. In addition, microstructural characterisation indicated that mechanochemical treatment resulted in a structural refinement with a surface weighted crystallite size about 2 nm. The additional information of microstructure development and transport properties of the s les on heating was obtained by ETA. The calculated lattice parameters of mixed crystals linearly depend on the composition of Zn x Cd 1-x S nanoparticles. The S(2p), Zn(2p) and Cd(3d) core levels of the Zn x Cd1 -x S nanocrystallites reveal two different types of sulphur, zinc and cadmium unlike bulk CdS and ZnS. The calculated results indicate that the quantum-size effect in the nanoparticles is not negligible. The differences in the absorption edge and the emission peak position of the nanoparticles depend not only composition. Applied high-energy milling is a facile, efficient, and scalable process that does not require a solvent and can be performed under ambient conditions. Therefore, it is a promising candidate for the production of nanocrystalline materials.
Experimental measurement and thermodynamic modeling of dissociation conditions of hydrogen sulfide hydrate in the presence of electrolyte solutions
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2022
Comparison and evaluation of immobilization methods for preparing bacterial probes using acidophilic bioleaching bacteria Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans for AFM studies
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2014
DOI: 10.1016/J.MIMET.2014.04.004
Abstract: We evaluated different strategies for constructing bacterial probes for atomic force microscopy studies of bioleaching Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans interacting with pyrite mineral surfaces. Of three available techniques, the bacterial colloidal probe technique is the most reliable and provides a versatile platform for quantifying true interactive forces between bioleaching microorganisms and mineral surfaces.
Study on Application of a New Model for the Kinetics of Diaspore Leaching Process
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2012
A review of principles and applications of magnetic flocculation to separate ultrafine magnetic particles
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2017
Simple Approximate Expressions for Electrical Double-Layer Interaction at Constant Moderate Potentials
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2000
The Floatability of Single Spheres versus Their Pairs on the Water Surface
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 16-12-2016
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.LANGMUIR.6B03654
Abstract: Particle floatability at the water surface encountered in nature and industrial systems often occurs in the presence of many particles, but the available theoretical developments are based on the flotation of single particles. Here experiments were conducted to compare the floatabilities of single and multiple spheres on the air-water interfaces. Specifically, the forces on floating single spheres and their pairs versus the depth of deformed interface were measured using a force sensor combined with high-speed video microscopy and modeled based on the 3D Young-Laplace equation which was numerically solved. The experimental and theoretical results for the vertical forces supporting the floatability of the pairs of spheres agree well. The maximum measured forces on the pairs were equal to the sum of the maximum forces measured on two single spheres in idually, but the forces measured on the single spheres and their pairs at different depths of interface deformation were different. The vertical forces supporting the floatability of the sphere pairs can better tolerate the interface deformation than the same force on two single particles. This evidence is also supported by the experiments with multiple particles floating at the surface of water-ethanol mixtures. Adding ethanol into water reduced the surface tension of water and the floatability of particles at the water surface, but the floatability of multiple particles was sustainable at much lower critical surface tensions than that for single particles, invalidating the classical theories. Lateral interparticle interactions influence the floatability of particles and should be considered in its modeling.
Computational fluid dynamics modelling of gas jets impinging onto liquid pools
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2006
Salting-Up of Surfactants at the Surface of Saline Water as Detected by Tensiometry and SFG and Supported by Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 02-2022
Abstract: Surfactant adsorption at the air-water interface is critical to many industrial processes but its dependence on salt ions is still poorly understood. Here, we investigate the adsorption of sodium dodecanoate onto the air-water interface using model saline waters of Li
Advanced solid-liquid separation for dewatering fine coal tailings by combining chemical reagents and solid bowl centrifugation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2021
Influence of Electrical Double-Layer Interaction on Coal Flotation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2002
Abstract: In the early 1930s it was first reported that inorganic electrolytes enhance the floatability of coal and naturally hydrophobic minerals. To date, explanations of coal flotation in electrolytes have not been entirely clear. This research investigated the floatability of coal in NaCl and MgCl2 solutions using a modified Hallimond tube to examine the role of the electrical double-layer interaction between bubbles and particles. Flotation of coal was highly dependent on changes in solution pH, type of electrolyte, and electrolyte concentration. Floatability of coal in electrolyte solutions was seen not to be entirely controlled by the electrical double-layer interaction. Coal flotation in low electrolyte concentration solutions decreases with increase in concentration, not expected from the theory since the electrical double layer is compressed, resulting in diminishing the (electrical double layer) repulsion between the bubble and the coal particles. Unlike in low electrolyte concentration solutions, coal flotation in high electrolyte concentration solutions increases with increase in electrolyte concentration. Again, this behavior of coal flotation in high electrolyte concentration solutions cannot be quantitatively explained using the electrical double-layer interaction. Possible mechanisms are discussed in terms of the bubston (i.e., bubble stabilized by ions) phenomenon, which explains the existence of the submicron gas bubbles on the hydrophobic coal surface.
Drainage, Rupture, and Lifetime of Deionized Water Films: Effect of Dissolved Gases?
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 30-11-2009
DOI: 10.1021/LA9031333
Abstract: Gas bubbles coalesce in deionized (DI) water because the water (foam) films between the bubbles are not stable. The so-called hydrophobic attraction has been suggested as the cause of the film instability and the bubble coalescence. In this work, microinterferometry experiments show that foam films of ultrapure DI water can last up to 10 s and the contact time between the two gas bubble surfaces at close proximity (approximately 1 microm separation distance) significantly influences the film drainage, rupture, and lifetime. Specifically, when the two bubbles were first brought into contact, the films instantly ruptured at 0.5 microm thickness. However, the film drainage rate and rupture thickness sharply decreased and the film lifetime steeply increased with increasing contact time up to 10 min, but then they leveled off. The constant thickness of film rupture was around 35 nm. Possible contamination was vigorously investigated and ruled out. It is argued that migration of gases inherently dissolved in water might cause the transient behavior of the water films at the short contact time. The film drainage rate and instability at the long contact time were analyzed employing Eriksson et al.'s phenomenological theory of long-range hydrophobic attraction (Eriksson, J. C. Ljunggren, S. Claesson, P. M., J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 2 1989, 85, 163-176) and the hypothesis of water molecular structure modified by dissolved gases, and the extended Stefan-Reynolds theory by incorporating the mobility of the air-DI-water interfaces.
Factors associated with personal hopefulness in older rural and urban residents of New South Wales
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-01-2015
On the effect of van der Waals attractions on the critical salt concentration for inhibiting bubble coalescence
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2014
Static and dynamic characterization of the 6-Dofs parallel robot 3CRS
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2015
A new paradigm of bubble-particle detachment interaction: How and where do the bubble and the particle detach?
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2020
Chemical and mineral transformation of a low grade goethite ore by dehydroxylation, reduction roasting and magnetic separation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2014
Assessment of true flotation and entrainment in the flotation of submicron particles by fine bubbles
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2004
Breastfeeding and snoring: a birth cohort study
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 08-01-2014
An unusual synergistic adsorption of MIBC and CTAB mixtures at the air-water interface
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2012
On the Lifetime of Evaporating Sessile Droplets
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 12-01-2012
DOI: 10.1021/LA2036955
Abstract: The evaporation of sessile droplets with a constant base radius (pinning mode) and a constant contact angle (depinning mode) has been experimentally observed. Here we analyzed the effect of substrate hydrophobicity on the lifetimes of evaporating droplets for the two modes. Theoretical predictions were obtained and compared with available experimental results. The theoretical analysis and experimental results show that linear methods of extrapolating limited experimental data for a transient droplet contact angle and base radius overpredict the droplet lifetime. Likewise, the linear extrapolation of limited experimental data for transient droplet volume underpredicts the droplet lifetime. Correct methods of extrapolating limited experimental data for transient droplet parameters are described, discussed, and validated. The new methods removed inconsistencies in the previous theory and experimental analysis. Master equations and master curves for the droplet lifetime for the two evaporation modes are obtained and experimentally confirmed.
The relationships between the bubble–particle attachment time, collector dosage and the mineralogy of a copper sulfide ore
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2012
Combination of the W boson polarization measurements in top quark decays using ATLAS and CMS data at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 8 TeV
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-2020
Abstract: The combination of measurements of the W boson polarization in top quark decays performed by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations is presented. The measurements are based on proton-proton collision data produced at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV, and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 20 fb − 1 for each experiment. The measurements used events containing one lepton and having different jet multiplicities in the final state. The results are quoted as fractions of W bosons with longitudinal ( F 0 ), left-handed ( F L ), or right-handed ( F R ) polarizations. The resulting combined measurements of the polarization fractions are F 0 = 0 . 693 ± 0 . 014 and F L = 0 . 315 ± 0 . 011. The fraction F R is calculated from the unitarity constraint to be F R = − 0 . 008 ± 0 . 007. These results are in agreement with the standard model predictions at next-to-next-to-leading order in perturbative quantum chromodynamics and represent an improvement in precision of 25 (29)% for F 0 ( F L ) with respect to the most precise single measurement. A limit on anomalous right-handed vector ( V R ), and left- and right-handed tensor ( g L , g R ) tWb couplings is set while fixing all others to their standard model values. The allowed regions are [ − 0 . 11 , 0 . 16] for V R , [ − 0 . 08 , 0 . 05] for g L , and [ − 0 . 04 , 0 . 02] for g R , at 95% confidence level. Limits on the corresponding Wilson coefficients are also derived.
Dynamic adsorption of beta-casein at the gas–liquid interface
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2006
Potential foliar fertilizers with copper and zinc dual micronutrients in nanocrystal suspension
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-10-2014
Particle–bubble encounter probability with mobile bubble surfaces
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-1998
Volatilization of mercury in coal during conventional and microwave drying and its potential guidance for environmental protection
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2018
Formation and stability of foams stabilized by fine particles with similar size, contact angle and different shapes
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2011
Channel auto-correlation and Doppler spectrum of MIMO systems using circular array
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2010
An XPS investigation of surface species formed by electrochemically induced surface oxidation of enargite in the oxidative potential range
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2014
Transcriptome for photobiological hydrogen production induced by sulfur deprivation in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
Date: 11-2008
DOI: 10.1128/EC.00418-07
Abstract: Photobiological hydrogen production using microalgae is being developed into a promising clean fuel stream for the future. In this study, microarray analyses were used to obtain global expression profiles of mRNA abundance in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii at different time points before the onset and during the course of sulfur-depleted hydrogen production. These studies were followed by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and protein analyses. The present work provides new insights into photosynthesis, sulfur acquisition strategies, and carbon metabolism-related gene expression during sulfur-induced hydrogen production. A general trend toward repression of transcripts encoding photosynthetic genes was observed. In contrast to all other LHCBM genes, the abundance of the LHCBM9 transcript (encoding a major light-harvesting polypeptide) and its protein was strongly elevated throughout the experiment. This suggests a major remodeling of the photosystem II light-harvesting complex as well as an important function of LHCBM9 under sulfur starvation and photobiological hydrogen production. This paper presents the first global transcriptional analysis of C. reinhardtii before, during, and after photobiological hydrogen production under sulfur deprivation.
Elasticity of foam bubbles measured by profile analysis tensiometry
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2010
A Machine Learning Model Utilizing a Novel SNP Shows Enhanced Prediction of Coronary Artery Disease Severity
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 12-2020
Abstract: Background: Machine learning (ML) has emerged as a powerful approach for predicting outcomes based on patterns and inferences. Improving prediction of severe coronary artery disease (CAD) has the potential for personalizing prevention and treatment strategies and for identifying in iduals that may benefit from cardiac catheterization. We developed a novel ML approach combining traditional cardiac risk factors (CRF) with a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in a gene associated with human CAD (ID3 rs11574) to enhance prediction of CAD severity Methods: ML models incorporating CRF along with ID3 genotype at rs11574 were evaluated. The most predictive model, a deep neural network, was used to classify patients into high ( ) and low level (≤32) Gensini severity score. This model was trained on 325 and validated on 82 patients. Prediction performance of the model was summarized by a confusion matrix and area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC-AUC) and Results: Our neural network predicted severity score with 81% and 87% accuracy for the low and the high groups respectively with an ROC-AUC of 0.84 for 82 patients in the test group. The addition of ID3 rs11574 to CRF significantly enhanced prediction accuracy from 65% to 81% in the low group, and 72% to 84% in the high group. Age, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and systolic blood pressure were the top 3 contributors in predicting severity score Conclusions: Our neural network including ID3 rs11574 improved prediction of CAD severity over use of Framingham score, which may potentially be helpful for clinical decision making in patients at increased risk of complications from coronary angiography.
Quantitative methods for estimating foliar uptake of zinc from suspension-based Zn chemicals
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-08-2013
The effect of microhydrodynamics on bubble-particle collision interaction
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2011
Developing a physically consistent model for gibbsite leaching kinetics
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2010
Bubble Breakup and Coalescence in a Plunging Liquid Jet Bubble Column
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-2003
Abstract: In this study the bubble size distribution and energy dissipation rate are measured in a plunging liquid jet bubble column. The maximum stable bubble diameter in the mixing zone was successfully predicted based on Weber number analysis. A Pareto analysis indicated that the coalescence of bubbles principally occurred as a binary process. The bubble number flux was modeled based on the bubble number concentration, collision frequency of two bubbles of the same diameter, and the probability of coalescence taking place. In general, the predictions were in good agreement with the measurements for both the mixing and pipe flow zones.
Influence of gas flow rate and frothers on water recovery in a froth column
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2003
Effect of contact angle and contact angle hysteresis on the floatability of spheres at the air-water interface
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.CIS.2017.07.031
Abstract: The floatability of solid particles on the water surface governs many natural phenomena and industrial processes including film flotation and froth flotation separation of coal and valuable minerals. For many years, the contact angle (CA) has been postulated as the key factor in determining the particle floatability. Indeed, the maximum force (tenacity) supporting the flotation of fine spheres was conjectured to occur when the apical angle of the contact circle is equal to the contact angle. In this paper, the model predictions are reviewed and compared with experimental results. It is shown that CA can be affected by many physical and chemical factors such as surface roughness and chemical heterogeneity and can have a range of values known as the CA hysteresis. This multiple-valued CA invalidates the available theories on the floatability of spheres. Even the intuitive replacement of CA by the advancing (maximum) CA in the classical theories can be wrong. A few new ex les are also reviewed and analyzed to demonstrate the significance of CA variation in controlling the particle floatability. They include the pinning of the contact line at the sharp edge, known as the Gibbs inequality condition, and the nearby interaction among floating particles, known as lateral inter-particle interaction. It is concluded that our quantitative understanding of the floatability of real particles being irregular and heterogeneous both morphologically and chemically is still far from being satisfactory.
Ion specific electrolyte effects on thin film drainage in nonaqueous solvents propylene carbonate and formamide
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 09-06-2009
DOI: 10.1021/LA901099G
Effect of Under-Monolayer Adsorption on Foamability, Rheological Characteristics, and Dynamic Behavior of Fluid Interfaces: Experimental Evidence for the Guggenheim Extended Interface Model
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 11-05-2017
Historical Note on the Stefan–Reynolds Equations
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2000
RGD peptide functionalized and reconstituted high‐density lipoprotein nanoparticles as a versatile and multimodal tumor targeting molecular imaging probe
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-01-2010
DOI: 10.1096/FJ.09-139865
Analysis of particle dispersion coefficient in solid-liquid fluidised beds
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2020
Probability of collision between particles and bubbles in flotation: the theoretical inertialess model involving a swarm of bubbles in pulp phase
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-1994
Validation of the generalised Sutherland equation for bubble–particle encounter efficiency in flotation: Effect of particle density
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2009
The dual effect of sodium halides on the formation of methane gas hydrate
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2015
Combining hydrodynamics and molecular kinetics to predict dewetting between a small bubble and a solid surface
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2006
DOI: 10.1016/J.JCIS.2005.09.062
Abstract: This paper examined the dewetting between a small air bubble and a solid surface in deionised water. Hydrodynamics was used in conjunction with surface molecular kinetics to model and predict the velocity of the moving contact line as a function of the dynamic macroscopic contact angle. The dewetting hydrodynamics was modelled following the approach developed specifically for drops and bubbles using the (absolute) coordinate system with the origin located at the centre of the contact area, which does not move with the moving contact line. The model provides accurate corrections unavailable in the generic hydrodynamic theories developed by Voinov and Cox, and removes the need for a macroscopic length scale employed in their generic theories. Molecular kinetics was used to determine the contact angle of the inner region close to the contact line, where the hydrodynamic approach breaks down due to the singularity. Unlike the generic hydrodynamic theories, the inner (microscopic) angle in our combined model is not a constant (a fitting parameter) but is a function of the moving contact line velocity and other molecular properties of the interfaces. The combined model agreed with the experimental data and produced physically consistent values for the slip length, molecular jumping distance and frequency. The dissolved gases accumulated at the non-wetting solid-liquid interface may influence the slip length.
Exact and approximate expressions for resistance coefficients of a colloidal sphere approaching a solid surface at intermediate Reynolds numbers
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2007
Collection and Attachment of Particles by Air Bubbles in Froth Flotation
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Date: 17-08-2006
A comparative study of the attachment of air bubbles onto sphalerite and pyrite surfaces activated by copper sulphate
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2017
A method for rapid estimation of processing behaviour based on ore texture
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2021
Contact angle and bubble attachment studies in the flotation of trona and other soluble carbonate salts
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2009
Interfacial Gas Enrichment at Hydrophobic Surfaces and the Origin of Promotion of Gas Hydrate Formation by Hydrophobic Solid Particles
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 13-02-2017
Assessment of Hydrodynamic and Molecular-Kinetic Models Applied to the Motion of the Dewetting Contact Line between a Small Bubble and a Solid Surface
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 11-07-2003
DOI: 10.1021/LA034038B
Critical thickness of microscopic thin liquid films
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2005
DOI: 10.1016/J.CIS.2004.07.013
Abstract: This paper outlines the progress achieved during the four decades of research on the spontaneous destruction of the thinning microscopic liquid films through rupture or black spot formation at the so-called critical thickness. Although most of both experimental and theoretical results are primarily related to the foam films that form between gas bubbles, in many respects they can be principally generalized for emulsion films, as well as the wetting films confined between a bubble and a solid surface. The paper focuses on the validation, application and extension of the theory of the phenomenon. The experimental results are analysed with respect to the frequently observed deviations from the widely used model of a planar circular film with tangentially immobile surfaces. The applicability of the new theory of accelerated drainage due to spatial variation in thickness is expressed. The effects of surface tension, surface mobility, variation of the film size, and spatial thickness heterogeneity on the critical thickness are compared.
Evaporation of Ethanol–Water Binary Mixture Sessile Liquid Marbles
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 09-06-2016
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.LANGMUIR.6B01272
Abstract: Liquid marble is a liquid droplet coated with particles. Recently, the evaporation process of a sessile liquid marble using geometric measurements has attracted great attention from the research community. However, the lack of gravimetric measurement limits further insights into the physical changes of a liquid marble during the evaporation process. Moreover, the evaporation process of a marble containing a liquid binary mixture has not been reported before. The present paper investigates the effective density and the effective surface tension of an evaporating liquid marble that contains aqueous ethanol at relatively low concentrations. The effective density of an evaporating liquid marble is determined from the concurrent measurement of instantaneous mass and volume. Density measurements combined with surface profile fitting provide the effective surface tension of the marble. We found that the density and surface tension of an evaporating marble are significantly affected by the particle coating.
A review of aqueous foam in microscale
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.CIS.2018.04.004
Abstract: In recent years, significant progress has been achieved in the study of aqueous foams. Having said this, a better understanding of foam physics requires a deeper and profound study of foam elements. This paper reviews the studies in the microscale of aqueous foams. The elements of aqueous foams are interior Plateau borders, exterior Plateau borders, nodes, and films. Furthermore, these elements' contribution to the drainage of foam and hydraulic resistance are studied. The Marangoni phenomena that can happen in aqueous foams are listed as Marangoni recirculation in the transition region, Marangoni-driven flow from Plateau border towards the film in the foam fractionation process, and Marangoni flow caused by exposure of foam containing photosurfactants under UV. Then, the flow analysis of combined elements of foam such as PB-film along with Marangoni flow and PB-node are studied. Next, we contrast the behavior of foams in different conditions. These various conditions can be perturbation in the foam structure caused by injected water droplets or waves or using a non-Newtonian fluid to make the foam. Further review is about the effect of oil droplets and particles on the characteristics of foam such as drainage, stability and interfacial mobility.
On the predictions for diffusion-driven evaporation of sessile droplets with interface cooling
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2018
A novel technique for improving interferometric determination of emulsion film thickness by digital filtration
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2007
DOI: 10.1016/J.JCIS.2006.11.023
Abstract: Determination of the thickness of emulsion films by using the film interferometric images is usually less accurate than that of foam films, due to the close values of the refractive indices of the liquid film and adjacent liquid phases (hence, low contrast and high level of noise at high magnification). A new technique was developed to improve the thickness determination by obtaining the interferometric images without directly filtering the illuminating light, as is usually done in the classical Scheludko interferometric technique. The new method then uses digital filtration during the off-line image post-processing to obtain monochromatic interferometric images required for the thickness determination. The technique was tested with foam films stabilised by sodium dodecyl sulfate and successfully applied to determine thickness of toluene-water-toluene emulsion films using the green and red digital filters. Results for emulsion film thickness determined by either the green or red digital filtration are comparable, thus validating the new technique developed here for emulsion films.
Erratum to “Dynamic adsorption of beta-casein at the gas–liquid interface” [Food Hydrocolloids 20 (2006) 299–304]
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2008
Reply to Comment on Increased Evaporation Kinetics of Sessile Droplets by Using Nanoparticles
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 19-09-2013
DOI: 10.1021/LA403151K
Intrinsic limits on resolutions in muon- and electron-neutrino charged-current events in the KM3NeT/ORCA detector
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-2017
A review of induction and attachment times of wetting thin films between air bubbles and particles and its relevance in the separation of particles by flotation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2010
DOI: 10.1016/J.CIS.2010.04.003
Abstract: Bubble-particle attachment in water is critical to the separation of particles by flotation which is widely used in the recovery of valuable minerals, the deinking of wastepaper, the water treatment and the oil recovery from tar sands. It involves the thinning and rupture of wetting thin films, and the expansion and relaxation of the gas-liquid-solid contact lines. The time scale of the first two processes is referred to as the induction time, whereas the time scale of the attachment involving all the processes is called the attachment time. This paper reviews the experimental studies into the induction and attachment times between minerals and air bubbles, and between oil droplets and air bubbles. It also focuses on the experimental investigations and mathematical modelling of elementary processes of the wetting film thinning and rupture, and the three-phase contact line expansion relevant to flotation. It was confirmed that the time parameters, obtained by various authors, are sensitive enough to show changes in both flotation surface chemistry and physical properties of solid surfaces of pure minerals. These findings should be extended to other systems. It is proposed that measurements of the bubble-particle attachment can be used to interpret changes in flotation behaviour or, in conjunction with other factors, such as particle size and gas dispersion, to predict flotation performance.
Impact of interfacial Al- and Si-active sites on the electrokinetic properties, surfactant adsorption and floatability of diaspore and kaolinite minerals
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2018
Systematically altering the hydrophobic nanobubble bridging capillary force from attractive to repulsive
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2009
DOI: 10.1016/J.JCIS.2009.01.035
Abstract: Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to examine how ethanol/water concentration affects the nanobubble bridging capillary force between a hydrophobic silica colloidal probe and a hydrophobic silica wafer. Nanobubbles were produced on the solid surfaces by a previously utilised method which uses solvent-exchange and surface scanning. In pure water a strong, long range attractive force ( approximately 230 nm) with a single jump in step was measured, typical of an interaction between two nanobubbles attached to the hydrophobic surfaces. An increase in the ethanol concentration had little effect on the range of the force but dramatically reduced its magnitude. At an ethanol concentration of 40% by mass, the force became repulsive after the initial attractive jump in. Above an ethanol concentration of 40% by mass, the capillary force disappeared. The change in the force with ethanol concentration was explained using a capillary force model with constant volume and contact angle. The bridge geometry, contact angle, volume and rupture distance were determined for different ethanol concentrations.
Omega-3 supplementation during the first 5 years of life and later academic performance: a randomised controlled trial
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-08-2015
Cohort profile
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 25-05-2018
DOI: 10.1093/IJE/DYY078
Flotation of coal particles in MgCl2, NaCl, and NaClO3 solutions in the absence and presence of Dowfroth 250
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2011
Influence of sodium dodecyl sulphate and Dowfroth frothers on froth stability
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2005
Foamability of sodium dodecyl sulfate solutions: Anomalous effect of dodecanol unexplained by conventional theories
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2016
A weighted test-area method for calculating surface tension
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-2013
Development of a Bayesian recursive algorithm to find free-spaces for an intelligent wheelchair
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 08-2011
An improved formula for terminal velocity of rigid spheres
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-1997
The dynamic nature of contact angles as measured by atomic force microscopy
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2003
Experimental quantification of turbulence and its applications in the study of multiphase flotation pulps
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2016
Interpretation of negative values of the interaction parameter in the adsorption equation through the effects of surface layer heterogeneity
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2004
DOI: 10.1016/J.CIS.2004.06.002
Abstract: The problem of the negative values of the interaction parameter in the equation of Frumkin has been analyzed with respect to the adsorption of nonionic molecules on energetically homogeneous surface. For this purpose, the adsorption states of a homologue series of ethoxylated nonionic surfactants on air/water interface have been determined using four different models and literature data (surface tension isotherms). The results obtained with the Frumkin adsorption isotherm imply repulsion between the adsorbed species (corresponding to negative values of the interaction parameter), while the classical lattice theory for energetically homogeneous surface (e.g., water/air) admits attraction alone. It appears that this serious contradiction can be overcome by assuming heterogeneity in the adsorption layer, that is, effects of partial condensation (formation of aggregates) on the surface. Such a phenomenon is suggested in the Fainerman-Lucassen-Reynders-Miller (FLM) "Aggregation model". Despite the limitations of the latter model (e.g., monodispersity of the aggregates), we have been able to estimate the sign and the order of magnitude of Frumkin's interaction parameter and the range of the aggregation numbers of the surface species.
Surface Potential Explained: A Surfactant Adsorption Model Incorporating Realistic Layer Thickness
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 20-02-2020
Orbits of Small Spherical Tracers in Monodisperse Particle Beds Liquid-Versus Air-Filled Rotating Tumblers
Publisher: ASMEDC
Date: 2011
Abstract: Sorting of particles of different sizes strongly affects the dynamics of river beds. As a model for the sorting of fine particles on the lee face of an alluvial “dune”, we study the orbits of small spherical tracers in monodisperse particle beds in quasi-two dimensional rotating tumblers, both liquid- and air-filled. In addition to searching for clues on lee-face sorting, another purpose is to provide benchmark data for small-scale “qDNS” of bedload sediment transport. While sorting of fines in a rotating tumbler, and other canonical grain flows, has been studied in air, there is a dearth of corresponding studies in liquid. Compared to the “dry” case, our data show that immersion in liquid yields significant differences in bead trajectories at matched Froude number, in the intermittent avalanching regime at low rotation rate.
Erratum to: “Dynamic adsorption of sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate and Dowfroth 250 onto the air–water interface” [Miner. Eng. 18 (2005) 599–603]
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2008
Empirical Equations for Meniscus Depression by Particle Attachment
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2002
Abstract: In this paper the problem of calculating the depression of the gas-liquid meniscus by the particle attachment was solved. The analytical approximate equations obtained for small and large radii, r(tpc), of the three-phase contact were analyzed and compared to the available numerical results. The Derjaguin equation for small r(tpc) and the analytical results for large r(tpc) are accurate for r(tpc)/L or =2, respectively, where L is the capillary length. For the meniscus depression with r(tpc)/L from 0.2 to 2, the empirical equations were obtained based on the asymptotic analysis of the analytical approximate solutions. The empirical numerical constants were obtained by fitting to the exact numerical results. The empirical equations together with the analytical approximate equations provide the accurate predictions for the meniscus depression for the whole range of the radius of the three-phase contact and are expected to be useful for modeling the detachment interaction in the flotation separation processes.
Interfacial Water Structure at Surfactant Concentrations below and above the Critical Micelle Concentration as Revealed by Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 29-06-2015
Determination of contact angle by molecular simulation using number and atomic density contours
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 10-2012
A review of the mechanisms and models of bubble-particle detachment in froth flotation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2016
Bubble-Particle Interaction Measured by Atomic Force Microscopy
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2004
DOI: 10.1252/JCEJ.37.231
Combining genetic algorithm and Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm in training neural network for hypoglycemia detection using EEG signals
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2013
Picking up and placing a liquid marble using dielectrophoresis
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-11-2018
Order of Three-Phase (Solid-Liquid-Gas) Contact Line Tension Probed by Simulation of Three-Phase Contact Line Expansion on Small Hydrophobic Spheres
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-1997
Abstract: Expansion of the three-phase (solid-liquid-gas) contact line on the surface of silanated glass spheres was experimentally studied by means of a CCD high-speed video technique. The dependence of the central angle (measured at the particle center) of the contact line on time was determined. This dependence was theoretically simulated. Results of this simulation show a strong effect of line tension on the kinetics of the three-phase contact expansion. Order of the line tension (&mgr J/m) is the same as that determined by A. W. Neumann and co-workers for similar hydrophobic surfaces by means of different techniques.
Photocatalytic removal of taste and odour compounds for drinking water treatment
Publisher: IWA Publishing
Date: 12-2009
DOI: 10.2166/WS.2009.637
Abstract: Photocatalytic degradation of geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (MIB), which are two taste and odour compounds commonly found in drinking water supply sources, was investigated using an immobilised TiO2 photoreactor. It was found that the degradation of geosmin and MIB followed similar pseudo-first-order kinetics with reaction rate constants being approximately 0.025 min−1 for typical geosmin and MIB concentrations of 250 and 500 ng/L. The normalised formal quantum efficiency was calculated to be in the range of 162–182 L/mol. Influence of additives (i.e. sodium bicarbonate and alcohols) on the degradation process was also investigated. It was found that there was a small reduction in the degradation rate constants of geosmin and MIB with increasing sodium bicarbonate concentration. At 50 mg/L sodium bicarbonate the degradation rate constants decreased by approximately 5%. Similarly, for methanol and ethanol concentrations up to 35 and 50 mg/L, respectively, these constants were found to also decrease. While addition of sodium bicarbonate and alcohols was seen to have relatively small negative effects on the photocatalytic degradation performance, the magnitude of their influence was consistent with the hypothesis that the degradation mechanism of geosmin and MIB was predominately that of attack involving HO∙ radicals.
Technical and economic perspectives of hydrate-based carbon dioxide capture
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2022
A Microfluidic Method for Investigating Ion-Specific Bubble Coalescence in Salt Solutions
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 24-10-2016
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.LANGMUIR.6B03266
Abstract: This paper reports the direct and precise measurement of bubble coalescence in salt solutions using microfluidics. We directly visualized the bubble coalescence process in a microchannel using high-speed imaging and evaluated the shortest coalescence time to determine the transition concentration of sodium halide solutions. We found the transition concentration is ion-specific, and the capacity of sodium halide salts to inhibit bubble coalescence follows the order of NaF > NaCl > NaBr > NaI. The microfluidic method overcomes the inherent uncertainties in conventional large-scale devices and methods.
Characterisation of electrokinetic properties of clinoptilolite before and after activation by sulphuric acid for treating CSG water
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2016
Mechanistic insights into the catalytic elimination of tar and the promotional effect of boron on it: first-principles study using toluene as a model compound
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C6CY00358C
Abstract: The incorporation of a monolayer subsurface B into the Ni catalyst results in a corrugated Ni top surface and the activation of toluene is significantly promoted on B–Ni.
Experimental Study of Dry Desliming Iron Ore Tailings by Air Classification
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 27-06-2019
Bubble's rise characteristics in shear-thinning xanthan gum solution: a numerical analysis
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2022
The influence of gas velocity, salt type and concentration on transition concentration for bubble coalescence inhibition and gas holdup
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2012
The effects of X-ray irradiation and temperature on the formation and stability of chemical species on enargite surfaces during XPS
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2013
Measurement of the transverse momentum distribution of Drell–Yan lepton pairs in proton–proton collisions at $$\sqrt{s}=13\,$$TeV with the ATLAS detector
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-2020
DOI: 10.1140/EPJC/S10052-020-8001-Z
Abstract: This paper describes precision measurements of the transverse momentum $$p_\\mathrm {T}^{\\ell \\ell }$$ p T ℓ ℓ ( $$\\ell =e,\\mu $$ ℓ = e , μ ) and of the angular variable $$\\phi ^{*}_{\\eta }$$ ϕ η ∗ distributions of Drell–Yan lepton pairs in a mass range of 66–116 GeV. The analysis uses data from 36.1 fb $$^{-1}$$ - 1 of proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $$\\sqrt{s}=13\\,$$ s = 13 TeV collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC in 2015 and 2016. Measurements in electron-pair and muon-pair final states are performed in the same fiducial volumes, corrected for detector effects, and combined. Compared to previous measurements in proton–proton collisions at $$\\sqrt{s}=7$$ s = 7 and $$8\\,$$ 8 TeV, these new measurements probe perturbative QCD at a higher centre-of-mass energy with a different composition of initial states. They reach a precision of 0.2 $$\\%$$ % for the normalized spectra at low values of $$p_\\mathrm {T}^{\\ell \\ell }$$ p T ℓ ℓ . The data are compared with different QCD predictions, where it is found that predictions based on resummation approaches can describe the full spectrum within uncertainties.
CFD STUDY OF THE HEAT TRANSFER BETWEEN A DILUTE GAS PARTICLE SUSPENSION FLOW AND AN OBSTRUCTION
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 04-1999
Effects of monovalent anions and cations on drainage and lifetime of foam films at different interface approach speeds
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2014
Digital lightwave receiver employing parallel-DSP-based equalization technique for 100 Gbps 1000-km RZ-DQPSK optical communication system
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 08-2011
Application of high-resolution X-ray microcomputed tomography for coal washability analysis
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2018
Stochastic induction time of attachment due to the formation of transient holes in the intervening water films between air bubbles and solid surfaces
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2020
DOI: 10.1016/J.JCIS.2020.01.027
Abstract: Bubble attachment to hydrophobic solid surfaces is influenced by the liquid film instability. Inclusion of transiently formed holes within the film rather than the so-called hydrophobic force in the theory is expected to better describe and explain film rupture and triple contact line formation in the bubble-surface attachment process. The significance of surface hydrophobicity and hole formation renders the stochastic nature of the induction time of attachment. A combination of high-speed video microscopy and theoretical analysis was applied to investigate the induction time of attachment and critical film thickness of air bubbles rising freely perpendicularly to silica surfaces of different hydrophobicities. Film rupture occurred statistically for shorter induction times and thicker films on the more hydrophobic surface, rejecting the conjecture of hydrophobic force. Computed results of the critical base radius of the transient holes causing film rupture were merged together nicely, independently of surface hydrophobicity. The paper sheds light on the significance of hydrophobicity on the attachment process by means of a novel and easily implemented methodology, without relying on the debatable hydrophobic force.
Non-destructive high-resolution X-ray micro computed tomography for quantifying dry water particles
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2014
nanoreactors for Boosting Gas Hydrate Formation toward Energy Storage Applications
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 08-08-2022
Abstract: Hydrogen and methane can be molecularly incorporated in ice-like water structures up to mass fractions of 4.3% and 13.3%, respectively. The resulting solid structures, called gas hydrates, offer great potential for the efficient storage of hydrogen and natural gas. However, slow gas encapsulation by bulk water hinders this application. Porous structures have been shown to effectively promote gas hydrate formation and are a potential enabler for the development of hydrate-based gas storage technologies. Here, we offer an insightful perspective on using porous structures as nanoreactors for achieving fast gas hydrate formation for gas storage applications. We critically discuss and elucidate the working mechanisms of nanoreactors and identify the criteria for efficient nanoreactors. Based on the concepts founded, we propose a theoretical framework for designing next-generation porous materials for delivering better promoting effects on gas hydrate formation.
The effect of calcium, magnesium, and sulphate ions on the surface properties of copper activated sphalerite
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2016
The link between the kinetics of gas hydrate formation and surface ion distribution in the low salt concentration regime
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2019
The effect of gas-wetting nano-particle on the fluid flowing behavior in porous media
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2017
A review of stochastic description of the turbulence effect on bubble-particle interactions in flotation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2016
Fractal analysis in particle dissolution: a review
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 2014
Search for pair production of third-generation scalar leptoquarks decaying into a top quark and a τ-lepton in pp collisions at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-10-2021
Abstract: A search for pair production of third-generation scalar leptoquarks decaying into a top quark and a τ -lepton is presented. The search is based on a dataset of pp collisions at $$ \\sqrt{s} $$ s = 13 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector during Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb − 1 . Events are selected if they have one light lepton (electron or muon) and at least one hadronically decaying τ -lepton, or at least two light leptons. In addition, two or more jets, at least one of which must be identified as containing b -hadrons, are required. Six final states, defined by the multiplicity and flavour of lepton candidates, are considered in the analysis. Each of them is split into multiple event categories to simultaneously search for the signal and constrain several leading backgrounds. The signal-rich event categories require at least one hadronically decaying τ -lepton candidate and exploit the presence of energetic final-state objects, which is characteristic of signal events. No significant excess above the Standard Model expectation is observed in any of the considered event categories, and 95% CL upper limits are set on the production cross section as a function of the leptoquark mass, for different assumptions about the branching fractions into tτ and bν . Scalar leptoquarks decaying exclusively into tτ are excluded up to masses of 1 . 43 TeV while, for a branching fraction of 50% into tτ , the lower mass limit is 1 . 22 TeV.
Quantitative Analysis of Aqueous Nanofilm Rupture by Molecular Dynamic Simulation
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 17-01-2012
DOI: 10.1021/JP208896Y
Abstract: In this study, we used molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the rupture process for a water film to define and determine the critical rupture time (CRT). This new approach could be an important method for authentically defining and determining the rupture point of a water film and associated phenomena. We were able to predict generically the CRT and the critical thickness of the water film. Then, we studied the effect of ions on the film rupture process. Our results showed that the addition of sodium chloride did not significantly affect the stability of the water film. Results from MD simulations, when compared with results from experimental measurements, can provide insight into the film rupture process.
Adsorption of ionic surfactants at the air-water interface: The gap between theory and experiment
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1016/J.CIS.2019.102052
Abstract: We review the experimental and theoretical results for the adsorption and structure of ionic surfactants at the air-liquid interface. The results show that ionic surfactants form thick adsorption layers at the interfacial region. We also review several adsorption models for ionic surfactants, which become increasingly complex as they capture the many features of adsorption layers. However, the adsorption layer structures determined by experiments and the structures predicted by models do not match because most models assume very thin adsorption layers. We show the discrepancies between measured and predicted surface properties and provide several explanations. We conclude that the mismatch in the adsorption layer structure provided by experiments and the structure provided by adsorption models is the main reason for the discrepancies in the surface excess and the surface potential.
Crucial roles of ion-specific effects in the flotation of water-soluble KCl and NaCl crystals with fatty acid salts
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2023
Exact and global rational approximate expressions for resistance coefficients for a colloidal solid sphere moving in a quiescent liquid parallel to a slip gas–liquid interface
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2004
Foam drainage in the presence of solid particles
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C6SM00028B
Abstract: We conducted forced drainage experiments to study the liquid flow within the foams stabilized by a cationic surfactant (CTAB) in the presence of partially hydrophobic silica particles. The results show that the presence of solid particles, even when present in small amounts (0.0932 g L(-1) foam), can significantly decrease the foam permeability. The scaling behaviour (power law) between the drainage velocity and the imposed flow rate indicates that the presence of solid particles in the foams triggers a transition of the foam drainage regime from a node-dominated regime to a Plateau border-dominated regime. We applied two foam drainage equations for aqueous foams to simulate the experimental data and interpret the transition. The simulation results show that the presence of solid particles in the foams increases the rigidity of the interfaces and the viscous losses in the channels (the Plateau borders) of the foams, and decreases the foam permeability. We also generalize the theory for the effects of unattached hydrophilic particles on foam drainage by considering the effects of hydrophobicity and concentration of solid particles on the confinement of foam networks. This study explores liquid drainage in three-phase foams and is relevant to the field of hydrophobic particle separation by froth flotation, in which the wash water is commonly applied to the froth layer to improve the product grade.
Quantifying the Counterion-Specific Effect on Surfactant Adsorption Using Modeling, Simulation, and Experiments
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 21-10-2020
Differences in adhesion of A. thiooxidans and A. ferrooxidans on chalcopyrite as revealed by atomic force microscopy with bacterial probes
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2014
Effect of double-layer repulsion on foam film drainage
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2008
A review on data and predictions of water dielectric spectra for calculations of van der Waals surface forces
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.CIS.2017.10.004
Abstract: Van der Waals forces are one of the important components of intermolecular, colloidal and surface forces governing many phenomena and processes. The latest ex les include the colloidal interactions between hydrophobic colloids and interfaces in ambient (non-degassed) water in which dissolved gases and nanobubbles are shown to affect the van der Waals attractions significantly. The advanced computation of van der Waals forces in aqueous systems by the Lifshitz theory requires reliable data for water dielectric spectra. In this paper we review the available predictions of water dielectric spectra for calculating colloidal and surface van der Waals forces. Specifically, the available experimental data for the real and imaginary parts of the complex dielectric function of liquid water in the microwave, IR and UV regions and various corresponding predictions of the water spectra are critically reviewed. The data in the UV region are critical, but the available predictions are still based on the outdated data obtained in 1974 (for frequency only up to 25.5eV). We also reviewed and analysed the experimental data obtained for the UV region in 2000 (for frequency up to 50eV) and 2015 (for frequency up to 100eV). The 1974 and 2000 data require extrapolations to higher frequencies needed for calculating the van der Waals forces but remain inaccurate. Our analysis shows that the latest data of 2015 do not require the extrapolation and can be used to reliably calculate van der Waals forces. The most recent water dielectric spectra gives the (non-retarded) Hamaker constant, A=5.20×10
Identifying preventable risk factors for hospitalised asthma in young Aboriginal children: a whole-population cohort study
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 08-01-2021
DOI: 10.1136/THORAXJNL-2020-216189
Abstract: Australia has one of the highest rates of asthma worldwide. Indigenous children have a particularly high burden of risk determinants for asthma, yet little is known about the asthma risk profile in this population. To identify and quantify potentially preventable risk factors for hospitalised asthma in Australian Aboriginal children (1–4 years of age). Birth, hospital and emergency data for all Aboriginal children born 2003–2012 in Western Australia were linked (n=32 333). Asthma was identified from hospitalisation codes. ORs and population attributable fractions were calculated for maternal age at birth, remoteness, area-level disadvantage, prematurity, low birth weight, maternal smoking in pregnancy, mode of delivery, maternal trauma and hospitalisations for acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) in the first year of life. There were 705 (2.7%) children hospitalised at least once for asthma. Risk factors associated with asthma included: being hospitalised for an ARTI (OR 4.06, 95% CI 3.44 to 4.78), area-level disadvantage (OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.28 to 1.94), being born at weeks’ gestation (OR 3.30, 95% CI 2.52 to 4.32) or birth weight g (OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.39 to 3.99). The proportion of asthma attributable to an ARTI was 31%, area-level disadvantage 18%, maternal smoking 5%, and low gestational age and birth weight were 3%–7%. We did not observe a higher risk of asthma in those children who were from remote areas. Improving care for pregnant Aboriginal women as well as for Aboriginal infants with ARTI may help reduce the burden of asthma in the Indigenous population.
On the sliding time in flotation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 1993
Search for new phenomena in events with an energetic jet and missing transverse momentum in
p p
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
10-06-2021
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 10-06-2021
Search for trilepton resonances from chargino and neutralino pair production in
s
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
07-06-2021
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 07-06-2021
Evaporation of Nanoparticle Droplets on Smooth Hydrophobic Surfaces: The Inner Coffee Ring Deposits
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 21-02-2013
DOI: 10.1021/JP3126939
Effect of particle size and shape on liquid–solid fluidization in a HydroFloat cell
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2021
The Effect of Dissolved Gases on the Short-Range Attractive Force between Hydrophobic Surfaces in the Absence of Nanobubble Bridging
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 03-08-2020
Origin of Interfacial Nanoscopic Gaseous Domains and Formation of Dense Gas Layer at Hydrophobic Solid–Water Interface
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 26-11-2013
DOI: 10.1021/LA403187P
Abstract: Interfacial gas enrichment (IGE) covering the entire area of hydrophobic solid-water interface has recently been detected by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and hypothesized to be responsible for the unexpected stability and anomalous contact angle of gaseous nanobubbles and the significant change from DLVO to non-DLVO forces. In this paper, we provide further proof of the existence of IGE in the form of a dense gas layer (DGL) by molecular dynamic simulation. Nitrogen gas adsorption at the water-graphite interface is investigated using molecular dynamic simulation at 300 K and 1 atm normal pressure. The results show that a DGL with a density equivalent to a gas at pressure of 500 atm is formed and equilibrated with a normal pressure of 1 atm. By varying the number of gas molecules in the system, we observe several types of dense gas domains: aggregates, cylindrical caps, and DGLs. Spherical cap gas domains form during the simulation but are unstable and always revert to another type of gas domain. Furthermore, the calculated surface potential of the DGL-water interface, -17.5 mV, is significantly closer to 0 than the surface potential, -65 mV, of normal gas bubble-water interface. This result supports our previously stated hypothesis that the change in surface potential causes the switch from repulsion to attraction for an AFM tip when the graphite surface is covered by an IGE layer. The change in surface potential comes from the structure change of water molecules at the DGL-water interface as compared with the normal gas-water interface. In addition, the contact angle of the cylindrical cap high density nitrogen gas domains is 141°. This contact angle is far greater than 85° observed for water on graphite at ambient conditions and much closer to the 150° contact angle observed for nanobubbles in experiments.
A relationship between the bubble–particle attachment time and the mineralogy of a copper–sulphide ore
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2011
Direct visualisation of bubble-particle interactions in presence of cavitation bubbles in an ultrasonic flotation cell
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2021
NOVEL EULERIAN FORMULATION FOR DILUTE GAS-PARTICLE FLOWS WITH AN OBSTRUCTION
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 15-05-1999
On modelling of bubble–particle attachment probability in flotation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-1998
Shared control strategies for human - Machine interface in an intelligent wheelchair
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2013
The advancement of an obstacle avoidance bayesian neural network for an intelligent wheelchair
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2013
Red mud carbonation using carbon dioxide: Effects of carbonate and calcium ions on goethite surface properties and settling
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.JCIS.2018.02.006
Abstract: Carbonation using CO
Correlation of air recovery with froth stability and separation efficiency in coal flotation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2013
In situ investigation of halide co-ion effects on SDS adsorption at air–water interfaces
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1039/C4SM01041H
Abstract: Halide co-ions are shown to strongly influence adsorption of anionic surfactant SDS unexpectedly.
Characterization of Breakage and Washability of ROM Coal using X-ray Computed Tomography
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 18-04-2017
Hydrodynamic interaction between an air bubble and a particle: atomic force microscopy measurements
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2004
Particle–bubble interaction and attachment in flotation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2011
Manipulating colloidal residue deposit from drying droplets: Air/liquid interface capture competes with coffee-ring effect
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2017
The fore-and-aft asymmetry of the bubble-particle collision interaction in the non-turbulent regime of multiphase bubble-particle suspension flows
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2020
New Evidence of Head-to-Tail Complex Formation of SDS-DOH Mixtures Adsorbed at the Air-Water Interface as Revealed by Vibrational Sum Frequency Generation Spectroscopy and Isotope Labelling
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 14-03-2019
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.LANGMUIR.8B04213
Abstract: Details about the molecular structures of surfactant mixtures adsorbed at the air-water interface have been controversial. Using sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy (SFG) and isotope labeling, we show here for the first time that mixtures of dodecanol (DOH) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) adsorb at the air-water interface with the formation of a head-to-tail complex. We observed this complex formation to occur first in the aqueous subphase, followed by complex adsorption onto the interface. This new piece of evidence for the head-to-tail complex conformation contradicts the conjectured tail-to-tail adsorption of the surfactant mixtures. The SFG data also show the dominating adsorption of the SDS-DOH complex over the single molecules of SDS and DOH at the air-water interface. The interfacial DOH-to-SDS molecular ratio of approximately 2.2:1 at a DOH-to-SDS bulk concentration ratio of 10 μM/2 mM was determined by isotope labeling of the surfactants. In addition to a smaller number of gauche defects, the DOH-SDS complex was found to adopt a higher level of orderliness than the adsorbed single surfactants. These findings provide important insights into the descriptions and interpretation of DOH-SDS adsorption at the air-water interface and its properties.
A novel quantitative analysis of the local deformation of the air-water surface by a floating sphere
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2016
Movement of fine particles on an air bubble surface studied using high-speed video microscopy
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2004
Influence of Interfacial Gas Enrichment on Controlled Coalescence of Oil Droplets in Water in Microfluidics
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 12-02-2019
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.LANGMUIR.8B03486
Abstract: Interfacial gas enrichment (IGE) of dissolved gases in water is shown to govern the strong attraction between solid hydrophobic surfaces of an atomic force microscopy (AFM) colloidal probe and solid substrate. However, the role of IGE in controlling the attraction between fluid-fluid interfaces of foam films and emulsion films is difficult to establish by AFM techniques because of the extremely fast coalescence. Here, we applied droplet-based microfluidics to capture the fast coalescence event under the creeping flow condition and quantify the effect of IGE on the drainage and stability of water films between coalescing oil droplets. The amount of dissolved gases is controlled by partially degassing the oil phase. When the amount of dissolved gases (oxygen) in oil decreases (from 7.89 to 4.59 mg/L), the average drainage time of coalescence significantly increases (from 19 to 50 ms). Our theoretical quantification of the coalescence by incorporating IGE into the multilayer van der Waals attraction theory confirms the acceleration of film drainage dynamics by the van der Waals attractive force generated by IGE. The thickness of the IGE layer decreases from 5.5 to 4.9 nm when the amount of dissolved gas decreases from 7.89 to 4.59 mg/L. All these results establish the universal role of dissolved gases in governing the strong attraction between particulate hydrophobic interfaces.
Significant Effect of Surfactant Adsorption Layer Thickness in Equilibrium Foam Films
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 26-05-2020
Surface properties of enargite in MAA depressant solutions
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2015
Effects of surface rheology and surface potential on foam stability
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2016
Search for charged-lepton-flavour violation in Z-boson decays with the ATLAS detector
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-2021
DOI: 10.1038/S41567-021-01225-Z
Abstract: Leptons with essentially the same properties apart from their mass are grouped into three families (or flavours). The number of leptons of each flavour is conserved in interactions, but this is not imposed by fundamental principles. Since the formulation of the standard model of particle physics, the observation of flavour oscillations among neutrinos has shown that lepton flavour is not conserved in neutrino weak interactions. So far, there has been no experimental evidence that this also occurs in interactions between charged leptons. Such an observation would be a sign of undiscovered particles or a yet unknown type of interaction. Here the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN reports a constraint on lepton-flavour-violating effects in weak interactions, searching for Z -boson decays into a τ lepton and another lepton of different flavour with opposite electric charge. The branching fractions for these decays are measured to be less than 8.1 × 10 −6 ( e τ ) and 9.5 × 10 −6 ( μ τ ) at the 95% confidence level using 139 fb −1 of proton–proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of $$\\sqrt{s}=13\\,{\\rm{TeV}}$$ s = 13 TeV and 20.3 fb −1 at $$\\sqrt{s}=8\\,{\\rm{TeV}}.$$ s = 8 TeV . These results supersede the limits from the Large Electron–Positron Collider experiments conducted more than two decades ago.
Attachment interaction between air bubbles and particles in froth flotation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2004
Effect of alcohol–water exchange and surface scanning on nanobubbles and the attraction between hydrophobic surfaces
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2008
DOI: 10.1016/J.JCIS.2008.05.044
Abstract: Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to examine how different alcohols affect the hydrophobic attraction between a hydrophobic silica colloidal probe and a hydrophobic silica wafer. The experiments were performed in water and in water after rinsing alcohol (methanol, ethanol, or 1-propanol) throughout the AFM system. In all three cases the range of the attractive force increased after alcohol-water exchange, with 1-propanol showing the largest increase in range followed by ethanol and methanol. Additionally, experiments were performed before and after scanning the flat substrate with the colloidal probe. The range of the attractive force substantially increased with increasing scanning area. The attraction was explained by nanobubble bridging with a capillary force model with constant bridge volume proposed. The bridge volume (constant during each of the force curve measurements), contact angle and rupture distance were also determined for different scan sizes. The correlation between the rupture distance and bridge volume agreed with the available prediction.
Detecting the undetectable: The role of trace surfactant in the Jones-Ray effect
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 15-11-0017
DOI: 10.1063/1.5050421
Abstract: The surface tension of dilute salt water is a fundamental property that is crucial to understanding the complexity of many aqueous phase processes. Small ions are known to be repelled from the air-water surface leading to an increase in the surface tension in accordance with the Gibbs adsorption isotherm. The Jones-Ray effect refers to the observation that at extremely low salt concentration, the surface tension decreases. Determining the mechanism that is responsible for this Jones-Ray effect is important for theoretically predicting the distribution of ions near surfaces. Here we use both experimental surface tension measurements and numerical solution of the Poisson-Boltzmann equation to demonstrate that very low concentrations of surfactant in water create a Jones-Ray effect. We also demonstrate that the low concentrations of the surfactant necessary to create the Jones-Ray effect are too small to be detectable by surface sensitive spectroscopic measurements. The effect of surface curvature on this behavior is also examined, and the implications for unexplained bubble phenomena are discussed. This work suggests that the purity standards for water may be inadequate and that the interactions between ions with background impurities are important to incorporate into our understanding of the driving forces that give rise to the speciation of ions at interfaces.
Fractal kinetic model for digesting alumina
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2016
Particle size distribution model for kinetics of digesting alumina
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2016
A significant improvement of scheelite recovery using recycled flotation wastewater treated by hydrometallurgical waste acid
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2017
Aggregation of Fullerol C60(OH)24 Nanoparticles as Revealed Using Flow Field-Flow Fractionation and Atomic Force Microscopy
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 17-09-2010
DOI: 10.1021/LA102942B
Abstract: The effects of solution pH and 1:1 electrolyte concentration on the aggregation behavior of fullerol C(60)(OH)(24) nanoparticles were investigated using flow field-flow fractionation (FlFFF). Particle separations were confirmed by examining FFF fractions using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Results showed that fullerol C(60)(OH)(24) nanoparticles remain stable at low salt concentration (0.001 M NaCl) and basic pH (pH 10). Changing the pH did not affect the size significantly, but increasing the salt concentration promoted some aggregation. Fullerol C(60)(OH)(24) nanoparticles did not form large clusters and reached a maximum size of at most several nanometers. Particle interaction analysis using the colloid interaction theory as described by the energetics of electrostatic repulsion and van der Waals attraction explained the differences in the colloidal stability of the fullerol C(60)(OH)(24) nanoparticles under different solution conditions.
Adsorption of ionic surfactants
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2008
Elementary steps in particle—bubble attachment
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-1997
Carbon nanotube air-bubble interactions studied by atomic force microscopy
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2009
Synergistic effects of surfactant-flocculant mixtures on ultrafine coal dewatering and their linkage with interfacial chemistry
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2019
Computational validation of the Generalized Sutherland Equation for bubble–particle encounter efficiency in flotation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2006
Adsorption of carbonate and bicarbonate salts at the air-brine interface
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2006
Liquid marble-based digital microfluidics – fundamentals and applications
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1039/D0LC01290D
Abstract: Liquid marbles are microliter-sized non-wetting droplets. Their versatility makes them an attractive digital microfluidics platform. This paper provides state-of-the-art discoveries in the physics of liquid marbles and their applications.
Effect of sodium dodecyl sulphate and dodecanol mixtures on foam film drainage: Examining influence of surface rheology and intermolecular forces
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2007
Strong Cooperative Effect of Oppositely Charged Surfactant Mixtures on Their Adsorption and Packing at the Air–Water Interface and Interfacial Water Structure
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 11-06-2014
DOI: 10.1021/LA500256A
Abstract: Remarkable adsorption enhancement and packing of dilute mixtures of water-soluble oppositely-charged surfactants, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and dodecyl amine hydrochloride (DAH), at the air-water interface were observed by using sum frequency generation spectroscopy and tensiometry. The interfacial water structure was also observed to be significantly influenced by the SDS-DAH mixtures, differently from the synergy of the single surfactants. Most strikingly, the obtained spectroscopic evidence suggests that the interfacial hydrophobic alkyl chains of the binary mixtures assemble differently from those of single surfactants. This study highlights the significance of the cooperative interaction between the headgroups of oppositely charged binary surfactant systems and subsequently provides some insightful observations about the molecular structure of the air-aqueous interfacial water molecules and, more importantly, about the packing nature of the surfactant hydrophobic chains of dilute SDS-DAH mixtures of concentration below 1% of the CMC.
C P
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
05-08-2020
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 05-08-2020
Quantifying adhesion of acidophilic bioleaching bacteria to silica and pyrite by atomic force microscopy with a bacterial probe
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2014
DOI: 10.1016/J.COLSURFB.2013.11.047
Abstract: The adhesion of acidophilic bacteria to mineral surfaces is an important phenomenon in bioleaching processes. In this study, functionalized colloidal probes covered by bioleaching bacterial cells (Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans and Leptospirillum ferrooxidans) were developed and used to sense specific adhesion forces to a silica surface and a pyrite surface in various solutions. Experimentally, recorded retraction curves of A. thiooxidans revealed sawtooth features that were in good agreement with the wormlike chain model, while that of L. ferrooxidans exhibited stair-step separation. The magnitudes of adhesion forces and snap-off distances were strongly influenced by the ionic strength and pH. Macroscopic surface properties including hydrophobicity and surface potential for bacterial cells and substrata were measured by a sessile drop method and microelectrophoresis. The ATR-FTIR spectra indicated the presence of different types of biopolymers on two strains of bacteria.
Measuring the effective surface tension of a floating liquid marble using X-ray imaging
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1039/D1SM00101A
Abstract: Liquid marbles are non-wetting droplets coated with microscopic powder. We measure the effective surface tension of a liquid marble using X-ray which reveals the hidden liquid–solid interface. A systematic curve fitting procedure is also provided.
Zeta-potentials of self-assembled surface micelles of ionic surfactants adsorbed at hydrophobic graphite surfaces
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2004
Evidence for $$t\bar{t}t\bar{t}$$ production in the multilepton final state in proton–proton collisions at $$\sqrt{s}=13$$ $$\text {TeV}$$ with the ATLAS detector
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-2020
DOI: 10.1140/EPJC/S10052-020-08509-3
Abstract: A search is presented for four-top-quark production using an integrated luminosity of 139 fb $$^{-1}$$ - 1 of proton–proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of $$13~\\text {TeV}$$ 13 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Events are selected if they contain a same-sign lepton pair or at least three leptons (electrons or muons). Jet multiplicity, jet flavour and event kinematics are used to separate signal from the background through a multivariate discriminant, and dedicated control regions are used to constrain the dominant backgrounds. The four-top-quark production cross section is measured to be $$24^{+7}_{-6}$$ 24 - 6 + 7 fb. This corresponds to an observed (expected) significance with respect to the background-only hypothesis of 4.3 (2.4) standard deviations and provides evidence for this process.
An SFG spectroscopy study of the interfacial water structure and the adsorption of sodium silicate at the fluorite and silica surfaces
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2019
Interaction forces between goethite and polymeric flocculants and their effect on the flocculation of fine goethite particles
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2018
Understanding of Bath Surface Wave in Bottom Blown Copper Smelting Furnace
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-09-2015
Axisymmetric approach of a solid sphere toward a non-deformable planar slip interface in the normal stagnation flow––development of global rational approximations for resistance coefficients
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2002
Extending the concept of machine acceleration used to model the bubble-particle detachment in flotation. Part 2 – Machine acceleration of solid particles in water
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2020
Heterocoagulation of chalcopyrite and pyrite minerals in flotation separation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2005
DOI: 10.1016/J.CIS.2004.08.009
Abstract: Heterocoagulation between various fine mineral particles contained within a mineral suspension with different structural and surface chemistry can interfere with the ability of the flotation processes to selectively separate the minerals involved. This paper examines the interactions between chalcopyrite (a copper mineral) and pyrite (an iron mineral often bearing gold) as they approach each other in suspensions with added chemicals, and relates the results to the experimental data for the flotation recovery and selectivity. The heterocoagulation was experimentally studied using the electrophoretic light scattering (ELS) technique and was modelled by incorporating colloidal forces, including the van der Waals, electrostatic double layer and hydrophobic forces. The ELS results indicated that pyrite has a positive zeta potential (zeta) up to its isoelectric point (IEP) at approximately pH 2.2, while chalcopyrite has a positive zeta up to its IEP at approximately pH 5.5. This produces heterocoagulation of chalcopyrite with pyrite between pH 2.2 and pH 5.5. The heterocoagulation was confirmed by the ELS spectra measured with a ZetaPlus instrument from Brookhaven and by small-scale flotation experiments.
Floating mechanism of a small liquid marble
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-02-2016
DOI: 10.1038/SREP21777
Abstract: Flotation of small solid objects and liquid droplets on water is critical to natural and industrial activities. This paper reports the floating mechanism of liquid marbles, or liquid droplets coated with hydrophobic microparticles. We used X-ray computed tomography (XCT) to acquire cross-sectional images of the floating liquid marble and interface between the different phases. We then analysed the shape of the liquid marble and the angles at the three-phase contact line (TPCL). We found that the small floating liquid marbles follow the mechanism governing the flotation of solid objects in terms of surface tension forces. However, the contact angles formed and deformation of the liquid marble resemble that of a sessile liquid droplet on a thin, elastic solid. For small liquid marbles, the contact angle varies with volume due to the deformability of the interface.
Novel methodology for predicting the critical salt concentration of bubble coalescence inhibition
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 03-01-2014
DOI: 10.1021/JP409473G
Molecular Signature of an Unexpected Hydrophobization of Silica Surfaces in Lead Nitrate Solutions as Detected by Sum Frequency Generation Spectroscopy
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 15-12-2022
Search for resonances decaying into a weak vector boson and a Higgs boson in the fully hadronic final state produced in
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
17-12-2020
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 17-12-2020
An exponential decay relationship between micro-flotation rate and back-calculated induction time for potential flow and mobile bubble surface
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2013
Fundamental aspects of bubble–particle attachment mechanism in flotation separation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2014
Hydrophobic Attraction As Revealed by AFM Force Measurements and Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 18-06-2005
DOI: 10.1021/JP0445526
Abstract: Spherical calcium dioleate particles ( approximately 10 mum in diameter) were used as AFM (atomic force microscope) probes to measure interaction forces of the collector colloid with calcite and fluorite surfaces. The attractive AFM force between the calcium dioleate sphere and the fluorite surface is strong and has a longer range than the DLVO (Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek) prediction. The AFM force between the calcium dioleate sphere and the mineral surfaces does not agree with the DLVO prediction. Consideration of non-DLVO forces, including the attractive hydrophobic force and the repulsive hydration force, was necessary to explain the experimental results. The non-DLVO interactions considered were justified by the different interfacial water structures at calcite- and fluorite-water interfaces as revealed by the numerical computation experiments with molecular dynamics simulation.
The Gibbs-Marangoni stress and nonDLVO forces are equally important for modeling bubble coalescence in salt solutions
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2017
Properties of arsenic sulphide As4S4 nanoparticles prepared by high-energy milling
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2011
A simple method for predicting equilibrium composition of leaching systems
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2001
Breastfeeding, asthma, and allergy: a tale of two cities
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-12-2011
DOI: 10.1111/J.1399-3038.2011.01229.X
Abstract: The effect of breastfeeding duration on subsequent asthma and allergy remains the subject of much controversy. To investigate whether differences in study design or disease-related exposure modification were the cause of the differences in study findings. The data from two cohorts, the Childhood Asthma Prevention Study (CAPS) from Australia and the Barn Allergi Miljo Stockholm cohort from Sweden, which had reported different findings on the association between breastfeeding and asthma, were combined. For this analysis, the definitions for breastfeeding, asthma, and allergy were harmonized. Subjects were included if they had at least one parent with wheeze or asthma and had a gestational age of more than 36 wks (combined n = 882). The risk of disease-related exposure modification was assessed using survival analysis. Breastfeeding reduced the risk of asthma at 4/5 and 8 yrs of age in children with a family history of asthma. The effect was stronger in the Swedish cohort. Breastfeeding had no effect on the prevalence of sensitization to inhaled allergens in this cohort with a family history of asthma but was a risk factor for sensitization to cow's milk, peanuts, and eggs in the CAPS cohort at 4/5 yrs and in the combined cohort at 8 yrs. There was no evidence to support the existence of disease-related exposure modification in either cohort. These findings point to the importance of harmonization of features of study design, including subject selection criteria and variable definitions, in resolving epidemiological controversies such as those surrounding the impact of breastfeeding on asthma and allergic sensitization.
Measurements of top-quark pair single- and double-differential cross-sections in the all-hadronic channel in pp collisions at $$ \sqrt{\mathrm{s}} $$ = 13 TeV using the ATLAS detector
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2021
Abstract: Differential cross-sections are measured for top-quark pair production in the all-hadronic decay mode, using proton-proton collision events collected by the ATLAS experiment in which all six decay jets are separately resolved. Absolute and normalised single- and double-differential cross-sections are measured at particle and parton level as a function of various kinematic variables. Emphasis is placed on well-measured observables in fully reconstructed final states, as well as on the study of correlations between the top-quark pair system and additional jet radiation identified in the event. The study is performed using data from proton-proton collisions at $$ \\sqrt{s} $$ s = 13 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider in 2015 and 2016, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb − 1 . The rapidities of the in idual top quarks and of the top-quark pair are well modelled by several independent event generators. Significant mismodelling is observed in the transverse momenta of the leading three jet emissions, while the leading top-quark transverse momentum and top-quark pair transverse momentum are both found to be incompatible with several theoretical predictions.
Liquid Drainage in Single Plateau Borders of Foam
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2002
Abstract: This paper reports on an investigation of the influence of the interfacial shear viscosity on the liquid drainage in single Plateau borders of foam. The simplified Navier-Stokes equation governing the liquid flow is solved for the liquid velocity by the numerical computational method. The numerical results show significant influence of the interfacial shear viscosity on the liquid velocity in the Plateau border. Comparison of the numerical results for the average velocity over the cross-section area of the Plateau border to the available analytical solution shows that the available analytical solution underestimates the average velocity. New, simple yet accurate correlations for the dependence of the average velocity on the radius of the cross section of the Plateau border, the pressure gradient, and the interfacial shear viscosity are obtained using the asymptotic analysis and the numerical data.
A way out of the alkaline bauxite residue: Synthesizing micro-electrolysis composite material towards the synergistic fenton degradation of high-concentration organic wastewater
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2020
XPS analysis of the surface chemistry of sulfuric acid-treated kaolinite and diaspore minerals with flotation reagents
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2019
Dewatering of coal plant tailings: Flocculation followed by filtration
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2011
Influence of dewetting kinetics on bubble–particle interaction
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2004
DOI: 10.1039/B312073B
Measurements of the production cross-section for a Z boson in association with b-jets in proton-proton collisions at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-2020
Abstract: This paper presents a measurement of the production cross-section of a Z boson in association with b -jets, in proton-proton collisions at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.6 fb − 1 . Inclusive and differential cross-sections are measured for events containing a Z boson decaying into electrons or muons and produced in association with at least one or at least two b -jets with transverse momentum p T 20 GeV and rapidity |y| 2 . 5. Predictions from several Monte Carlo generators based on leading-order (LO) or next-to-leading-order (NLO) matrix elements interfaced with a parton-shower simulation and testing different flavour schemes for the choice of initial-state partons are compared with measured cross-sections. The 5-flavour number scheme predictions at NLO accuracy agree better with data than 4-flavour number scheme ones. The 4-flavour number scheme predictions underestimate data in events with at least one b-jet.
Critical Review on Gas Hydrate Formation at Solid Surfaces and in Confined Spaces-Why and How Does Interfacial Regime Matter?
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 22-05-2020
Surface foam film waves studied with high-speed linescan camera
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2005
Equilibrium Adsorption of Surfactants at the Gas-Liquid Interface
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2008
DOI: 10.1007/12_2008_161
Determination of jet calibration and energy resolution in proton–proton collisions at $$\sqrt{s} = 8~\hbox {TeV}$$ using the ATLAS detector
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2020
DOI: 10.1140/EPJC/S10052-020-08477-8
Abstract: The jet energy scale, jet energy resolution, and their systematic uncertainties are measured for jets reconstructed with the ATLAS detector in 2012 using proton–proton data produced at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV with an integrated luminosity of $$20 \\, \\hbox {fb}^{-1}$$ 20 fb - 1 . Jets are reconstructed from clusters of energy depositions in the ATLAS calorimeters using the anti- $$k_t$$ k t algorithm. A jet calibration scheme is applied in multiple steps, each addressing specific effects including mitigation of contributions from additional proton–proton collisions, loss of energy in dead material, calorimeter non-compensation, angular biases and other global jet effects. The final calibration step uses several in situ techniques and corrects for residual effects not captured by the initial calibration. These analyses measure both the jet energy scale and resolution by exploiting the transverse momentum balance in $$\\gamma $$ γ + jet, Z + jet, dijet, and multijet events. A statistical combination of these measurements is performed. In the central detector region, the derived calibration has a precision better than 1% for jets with transverse momentum $$150 \\, \\hbox {GeV} p_{{\\mathrm {T}}} $$ 150 GeV p T 1500 GeV, and the relative energy resolution is $$(8.4\\pm 0.6)\\%$$ ( 8.4 ± 0.6 ) % for $$p_{{\\mathrm {T}}}= 100 \\, \\hbox {GeV}$$ p T = 100 GeV and $$(23\\pm 2)\\%$$ ( 23 ± 2 ) % for $$p_{{\\mathrm {T}}}= 20 \\, \\hbox {GeV}$$ p T = 20 GeV . The calibration scheme for jets with radius parameter $$R=1.0$$ R = 1.0 , for which jets receive a dedicated calibration of the jet mass, is also discussed.
Replacing Petrov's process with atmospheric flotation using Pb-BHA complexes for separating scheelite from fluorite
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2020
Perinatal factors and respiratory health in children
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-10-2012
Increased Evaporation Kinetics of Sessile Droplets by Using Nanoparticles
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 27-11-2012
DOI: 10.1021/LA303293W
Abstract: The effect of nanoparticles on the evaporation of a sessile droplet into air is still controversial. Unlike insoluble surfactants which reduce the droplet evaporation rate, here we show that the presence of nanoparticles and the increase of their concentration lead to an increase in the overall rate of diffusive evaporation and, consequently, a decrease of the droplet lifetime. The nanoparticles accumulating at the droplet edge due to the well-known coffee-ring effect pin the three-phase contact line for an extended time and maintain a large air-water interface area, leading to the increased evaporation rate. We provide a full analytical prediction for the lifetime of a sessile droplet evaporating by the combined pinned-receding mode. A master equation and a master diagram for the droplet lifetime of the combined mode are obtained and experimentally validated, and explain the effect of nanoparticles on increasing the global evaporation rate and decreasing the droplet lifetime.
Effect of energy source, salt concentration and loading force on colloidal interactions between Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans cells and mineral surfaces
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.COLSURFB.2015.05.026
Abstract: The surface appendages and extracellular polymeric substances of cells play an important role in the bacterial adhesion process. In this work, colloidal forces and nanomechanical properties of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (A. f) interacted with silicon wafer and pyrite (FeS2) surfaces in solutions of varying salt concentrations were quantitatively examined using the bacterial probe technique with atomic force microscopy. A. f cells were cultured with either ferrous sulfate or elemental sulfur as key energy sources. Our results show that A. f cells grown with ferrous ion and elemental sulfur exhibit distinctive retraction force vs separation distance curves with stair-step and saw tooth shapes, respectively. During the approach of bacterial probes to the substrate surfaces, surface appendages and biopolymers of cells are sequentially compressed. The conformations of surface appendages and biopolymers are significantly influenced by the salt concentrations.
A quantification of immersion of the adsorbed ionic surfactants at liquid|fluid interfaces
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2016
Measuring the Coefficient of Friction of a Small Floating Liquid Marble
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-12-2016
DOI: 10.1038/SREP38346
Abstract: This paper investigates the friction coefficient of a moving liquid marble, a small liquid droplet coated with hydrophobic powder and floating on another liquid surface. A floating marble can easily move across water surface due to the low friction, allowing for the transport of aqueous solutions with minimal energy input. However, the motion of a floating marble has yet to be systematically characterised due to the lack of insight into key parameters such as the coefficient of friction between the floating marble and the carrier liquid. We measured the coefficient of friction of a small floating marble using a novel experimental setup that exploits the non-wetting properties of a liquid marble. A floating liquid marble pair containing a minute amount magnetite particles were immobilised and then released in a controlled manner using permanent magnets. The capillarity-driven motion was analysed to determine the coefficient of friction of the liquid marbles. The “capillary charge” model was used to fit the experimental results. We varied the marble content and carrier liquid to establish a relationship between the friction correction factor and the meniscus angle.
The inhibition of methane hydrate formation by water alignment underneath surface adsorption of surfactants
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2017
Time-Course Global Expression Profiles of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii during Photo-Biological H2 Production
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 29-12-2011
Particle interaction with the wall surface in two-phase gas–solid particle flow
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-1999
A simple algorithm for the calculation of the terminal velocity of a single solid sphere in water
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-1994
Crystal lattice imaging of the silica and alumina faces of kaolinite using atomic force microscopy
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2010
DOI: 10.1016/J.JCIS.2010.08.002
Abstract: The crystal lattice images of the two faces of kaolinite (the silica face and the alumina face) have been obtained using contact-mode atomic force microscopy (AFM) under ambient conditions. Lattice resolution images reveal the hexagonal surface lattice of these two faces of kaolinite. Analysis of the silica face of kaolinite showed that the hexagonal surface lattice ring of oxygen atoms had a periodicity of 0.50±0.04nm between neighboring oxygen atoms, which is in good agreement with the surface lattice structure of the mica basal plane. The center of the hexagonal ring of oxygen atoms is vacant. Analysis of the alumina face of kaolinite showed that the hexagonal surface lattice ring of hydroxyls surround a hydroxyl in the center of the ring. The atomic spacing between neighboring hydroxyls was determined as 0.36±0.04nm. Ordering of the kaolinite particles for examination of the silica and alumina surfaces was accomplished using different substrates, a procedure previously established. Crystal lattice imaging supports previous results and independently confirms that the two faces of kaolinite have been properly identified.
Dewetting kinetics on silica substrates: Three phase contact expansion measurements for aqueous dodecylammonium chloride films
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2006
Influence of surface orientation on the organization of nanoparticles in drying nanofluid droplets
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2012
DOI: 10.1016/J.JCIS.2012.03.024
Abstract: The influence of droplet orientation on the flow directed organization of nanoparticles in evaporating nanofluid droplets is important for the efficiency of foliar applied fertilizers and contamination adhesion to the exterior of buildings. The so called "coffee ring" deposit resulting from the evaporation of a sessile nanofluid drop on a hydrophilic surface has received much attention in the literature. Deposits forming on hydrophobic surfaces in the pendant drop position (i.e. hanging drop), which are of importance in foliar fertilizer and exterior building contamination, have received much less attention. In this study, the deposit patterns resulting from the evaporation of water droplets containing silica nanoparticles on hydrophobic surfaces orientated in the sessile or pendant configuration are compared. In the case of a sessile drop the well known coffee ring pattern surrounding a thin nanoparticle layer was formed. A deposit consisting of a thin coffee ring surrounding a bump was formed in the pendant position. A mechanism involving flow induced aggregation at the droplet waist, settling, orientation dependant accumulation within the drop and pinning of the contact line is suggested to explain the findings. Differences in the contact area and adhesion of deposits with surface orientation will affect the efficiency and rainfastness of foliar fertilizers and the cleanliness of building exteriors.
Search for a scalar partner of the top quark in the all-hadronic $$t{\bar{t}}$$ plus missing transverse momentum final state at $$\sqrt{s}=13$$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-2020
DOI: 10.1140/EPJC/S10052-020-8102-8
Abstract: A search for direct pair production of scalar partners of the top quark (top squarks or scalar third-generation up-type leptoquarks) in the all-hadronic $$t{\\bar{t}}$$ t t ¯ plus missing transverse momentum final state is presented. The analysis of 139 $$\\hbox {fb}^{-1}$$ fb - 1 of $${\\sqrt{s}=13}$$ s = 13 TeV proton–proton collision data collected using the ATLAS detector at the LHC yields no significant excess over the Standard Model background expectation. To interpret the results, a supersymmetric model is used where the top squark decays via $${\\tilde{t}} \\rightarrow t^{(*)} {\\tilde{\\chi }}^0_1$$ t ~ → t ( ∗ ) χ ~ 1 0 , with $$t^{(*)}$$ t ( ∗ ) denoting an on-shell (off-shell) top quark and $${\\tilde{\\chi }}^0_1$$ χ ~ 1 0 the lightest neutralino. Three specific event selections are optimised for the following scenarios. In the scenario where $$m_{{\\tilde{t}}} m_t+m_{{\\tilde{\\chi }}^0_1}$$ m t ~ m t + m χ ~ 1 0 , top squark masses are excluded in the range 400–1250 GeV for $${\\tilde{\\chi }}^0_1$$ χ ~ 1 0 masses below 200 GeV at 95% confidence level. In the situation where $$m_{{\\tilde{t}}}\\sim m_t+m_{{\\tilde{\\chi }}^0_1}$$ m t ~ ∼ m t + m χ ~ 1 0 , top squark masses in the range 300–630 GeV are excluded, while in the case where $$m_{{\\tilde{t}}} m_W+m_b+m_{{\\tilde{\\chi }}^0_1}$$ m t ~ m W + m b + m χ ~ 1 0 (with $$m_{{\\tilde{t}}}-m_{{\\tilde{\\chi }}^0_1}\\ge 5$$ m t ~ - m χ ~ 1 0 ≥ 5 GeV), considered for the first time in an ATLAS all-hadronic search, top squark masses in the range 300–660 GeV are excluded. Limits are also set for scalar third-generation up-type leptoquarks, excluding leptoquarks with masses below 1240 GeV when considering only leptoquark decays into a top quark and a neutrino.
Storage induced changes to high protein powders: influence on surface properties and solubility
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-10-2011
DOI: 10.1002/JSFA.4461
Abstract: MPC 80 is a high-protein (80%) milk powder commonly used in the food industry as a functional ingredient and valued for its nutritional quality. However, its rehydration properties decline during storage, causing more time to be required for rehydration of the powder by the end user. It is thought that changes at the surface of the powder particles contribute to this reduced solubility during storage. Surface composition and structural changes in milk protein concentrate (MPC) were observed during 90 days of storage at temperatures of 25 and 40 °C and relative humidities of 44, 66 and 84%. No significant changes to the surface composition (fat, protein and lactose) of the MPC powder s les occurred during storage however, some changes in the microstructure of the powders were observed. Scanning electron microscopy analysis of the powder particles during dissolution showed the formation of a crust, consisting of a thin layer of fused casein micelles, on the surface of the stored powders. An increase in the hydrophobicity at the surface of the particles was evident by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of the bonding state of the elements at or near the surface and by atomic force microscopy measurements of the adherence of particles to the surface of a material. The development of this 'crust' is thought to contribute to the decrease in the solubility of the powder particles during storage. The increase in the hydrophobicity at the surface and the casein micelle interactions resulting in the surface crust formation appear to contribute to the decrease in the solubility of MPC during storage.
Hydrophobic behavior of fluorite surface in strongly alkaline solution and its application in flotation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
Proving the existence of nanobubbles produced by hydrodynamic cavitation and their significant effects in powder flotation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2021
A review of the surface features and properties, surfactant adsorption and floatability of four key minerals of diasporic bauxite resources
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.CIS.2018.03.005
Abstract: Diasporic bauxite represents one of the major aluminum resources. Its upgrading for further processing involves a separation of diaspore (the valuable mineral) from aluminosilicates (the gangue minerals) such as kaolinite, illite, and pyrophyllite. Flotation is one of the most effective ways to realize the upgrading. Since flotation is a physicochemical process based on the difference in the surface hydrophobicity of different components, determining the adsorption characteristics of various flotation surfactants on the mineral surfaces is critical. The surfactant adsorption properties of the minerals, in turn, are controlled by the surface chemistry of the minerals, while the latter is related to the mineral crystal structures. In this paper, we first discuss the crystal structures of the four key minerals of diaspore, kaolinite, illite, and pyrophyllite as well as the broken bonds on their exposed surfaces after grinding. Next, we summarize the surface chemistry properties such as surface wettability and surface electrical properties of the four minerals, and the differences in these properties are explained from the perspective of mineral crystal structures. Then we review the adsorption mechanism and adsorption characteristics of surfactants such as collectors (cationic, anionic, and mixed surfactants), depressants (inorganic and organic), dispersants, and flocculants on these mineral surfaces. The separation of diaspore and aluminosilicates by direct flotation and reverse flotation are reviewed, and the collecting properties of different types of collectors are compared. Furthermore, the abnormal behavior of the cationic flotation of kaolinite is also explained in this section. This review provides a strong theoretical support for the optimization of the upgrading of diaspore bauxite ore by flotation and the early industrialization of the reverse flotation process.
Atomic Force Microscopy Study of Forces between a Silica Sphere and an Oxidized Silicon Wafer in Aqueous Solutions of NaCl, KCl, and CsCl at Concentrations up to Saturation
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 25-01-2013
DOI: 10.1021/JP3092495
A critical review of surface properties and selective flotation of enargite in sulphide systems
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2012
Dynamics of the impact interaction between a fine solid sphere and a plane Gas-Liquid interface
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 1998
Surface chemistry of Pb-activated sphalerite
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2020
Isotropic turbulence surpasses gravity in affecting bubble-particle collision interaction in flotation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2018
Theoretical and experimental analysis of droplet evaporation on solid surfaces
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2012
Online CBT for Preschool Anxiety Disorders: A Randomised Control Trial
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2014
DOI: 10.1016/J.BRAT.2014.05.001
Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of an internet-based, therapist assisted, parent-focussed, CBT program for preschoolers with anxiety disorders. Fifty-two children aged 3-6 years were randomly allocated into internet treatment (NET) and waitlist control (WLC) groups. Parents completed diagnostic interviews and online questionnaires at pre-treatment, post-treatment and 6-month follow-up. Results at post-treatment showed a significantly greater reduction in clinical severity, anxiety symptoms and internalising behaviour, as well as a greater increase in overall functioning for children in the NET compared to the WLC condition. However, group differences were not evident from pre- to post-treatment on the percentages of children who lost their primary anxiety diagnosis or who lost all anxiety diagnoses. At post-treatment for the completer s le, 39.1% of the NET children compared to 25.9% of the WLC were free of their primary diagnosis. At 6-month follow-up, treatment gains were maintained in the case of overall functioning and further improved upon with respect to clinical severity, anxiety symptoms and internalising behaviour. By 6-month follow-up for the completer s le, 70.6% of children were free of their primary diagnosis. The results suggest that an internet program for preschool anxiety is feasible, efficacious and well received by parents. ACTRN12612000139875.
A review of factors that affect contact angle and implications for flotation practice
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2009
DOI: 10.1016/J.CIS.2009.07.003
Abstract: Contact angle and the wetting behaviour of solid particles are influenced by many physical and chemical factors such as surface roughness and heterogeneity as well as particle shape and size. A significant amount of effort has been invested in order to probe the correlation between these factors and surface wettability. Some of the key investigations reported in the literature are reviewed here. It is clear from the papers reviewed that, depending on many experimental conditions such as the size of the surface heterogeneities and asperities, surface cleanliness, and the resolution of measuring equipment and data interpretation, obtaining meaningful contact angle values is extremely difficult and such values are reliant on careful experimental control. Surface wetting behaviour depends on not only surface texture (roughness and particle shape), and surface chemistry (heterogeneity) but also on hydrodynamic conditions in the preparation route. The inability to distinguish the effects of each factor may be due to the interplay and/or overlap of two or more factors in each system. From this review, it was concluded that: Surface geometry (and surface roughness of different scales) can be used to tune the contact angle with increasing surface roughness the apparent contact angle decreases for hydrophilic materials and increases for hydrophobic materials. For non-ideal surfaces, such as mineral surfaces in the flotation process, kinetics plays a more important role than thermodynamics in dictating wettability. Particle size encountered in flotation (10-200 microm) showed no significant effect on contact angle but has a strong effect on flotation rate constant. There is a lack of a rigid quantitative correlation between factors affecting wetting, wetting behaviour and contact angle on minerals and hence their implication for flotation process. Specifically, universal correlation of contact angle to flotation recovery is still difficult to predict from first principles. Other advanced techniques and measures complementary to contact angle will be essential to establish the link between research and practice in flotation.
Demonstration of a minimum in the recovery of nanoparticles by flotation: Theory and experiment
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2006
Interaction of calcium dioleate collector colloids with calcite and fluorite surfaces as revealed by AFM force measurements and molecular dynamics simulation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2006
Effects of bubble size, velocity, and particle agglomeration on the electro‐flotation kinetics of fine cassiterite
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-2019
DOI: 10.1002/APJ.2333
Understanding the role of ion interactions in soluble salt flotation with alkylammonium and alkylsulfate collectors
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.CIS.2011.01.003
Abstract: There is anecdotal evidence for the significant effects of salt ions on the flotation separation of minerals using process water of high salt content. Ex les include flotation of soluble salt minerals such as potash, trona and borax in brine solutions using alkylammonium and alkylsulfate collectors such as dodecylamine hydrochloride and sodium dodecylsulfate. Although some of the effects are expected, some do not seem to be encompassed by classical theories of colloid science. Several experimental and modeling techniques for determining solution viscosity, surface tension, bubble-particle attachment time, contact angle, and molecular dynamics simulation have been used to provide further information on air-solution and solid-solution interfacial phenomena, especially with respect to the interfacial water structure due to the presence of dissolved ions. In addition atomic force microscopy, and sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy have been used to provide further information on surface states. These studies indicate that the ion specificity effect is the most significant factor influencing flotation in brine solutions.
Effect of aluminium sulphate on interactions between silica surfaces studied by atomic force microscopy
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2007
DOI: 10.1016/J.WATRES.2007.04.030
Abstract: Surface interaction forces between different types of silica surfaces (pure silica beads, borosilicate glass beads, polished silicon wafers and fused silica slides) were measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM) in solutions of aluminium sulphate (alum) in order to understand the role of hydrated aluminium species on the coagulation of negatively charged oxide colloids in drinking water treatment. The alum coagulant concentration used in this study was 150 microM aluminium. The alum solutions were prepared from analytical grade Al2(SO4)3.16H2O. It was found that the presence of aluminium sulphate at a concentration close to the values typically used in industrial scale water treatment applications generally induced strong, long-range repulsive forces between the various types of surfaces studied. At this alum concentration streaming potential measurements indicated reversal in the sign of the surface charge. It was also found that whenever borosilicate glass beads were used, the interaction force became strongly attractive when the AFM cell was flushed with deionised water. It was argued that this attraction occurred because of the charge nonuniformity of the aluminium hydrates adsorbed at the glass surface. A mechanism was proposed to explain the observed interaction phenomena based on the deduced microstructure of the adsorbed surface layers and to rationalise the new findings for applications in drinking water treatment.
The Liquid Flow Force on a Particle in the Bubble–Particle Interaction in Flotation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2002
Abstract: In this paper the problem of calculating the liquid flow force on a particle in interaction with an air bubble with a mobile surface in flotation as a function of the separation distance was solved. The force equation was obtained by first deriving the disturbed flow confined between the surfaces. The model for the force includes the separation distance between the bubble and the particle, the particle size, the bubble's Reynolds number, the bubble rise velocity, and the polar position of the particle on the bubble surface. The proposed equations provide an exact solution to the situation where the particle and the bubble are very close together. The attractive flow force and the surface forces are of similar orders of magnitude. Consequently, the models presented in this paper should provide a better estimate for calculating the forces on particles interacting with air bubbles in mineral flotation and other separation operations involving colloidal interactions.
Transient Volume of Evaporating Sessile Droplets: 2/3, 1/1, or Another Power Law?
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 29-05-2014
DOI: 10.1021/LA4047287
Abstract: The transient shape and volume of evaporating sessile droplets are critical to our understanding and prediction of deposits left over on the solid surface after droplet evaporation. The 2/3 power law of scaling, (V/Vo)(β) = 1 - t/tf with β = 2/3, has been widely used. The 1/1 power law of scaling with β = 1 was also obtained for vanishingly small contact angles. Here we show that β significantly deviates from 2/3 and 1 when the droplet base is pinned: β depends on both initial and transient contact angles. The 1/1 power law presents the upper limit of β = 1, while β = 2/3 is the lower limit if contact angles are smaller than 148°. Unexpectedly, β can be smaller than 2/3 if contact angles are larger than 148°. We also present a semianalytical approximation for β as a function of the initial contact angle.
A critical review of the model fitting quality and parameter stability of equilibrium adsorption models
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.CIS.2018.10.001
Abstract: We reviewed eight commonly used equilibrium adsorption models and examined their underlying assumptions, fitting qualities, and parameter stabilities. We compared several objective functions that have been applied to curve fitting analysis and a few statistics tests that have been performed to evaluate regression quality. The iteratively reweighted least squares algorithm was selected as the most suitable regression method for adsorption models in the presence of heteroscedasticity. The fraction of unexplained variance was selected to indicate the model fitting quality. Two sources of parameter instability were identified: residue instability and function instability. While the definition of the instability caused by residue is well established, we are the first to consider the instability caused by an adsorption model. The models discussed in this article can be applied to many surfactants, such as normal alcohols, polyglycol ethers, and sodium dodecyl sulfate at different salt concentrations. Our results show that both the model fitting quality and parameter instability increase with the number of parameters subject to curve fitting. For the Frumkin-type of reorientation model, the parameter instability can be as high as 25%. The high degree of instability in some complicated adsorption models may invalidate the estimated parameters. Therefore, additional measurements or simulations are required for complicated models to extract reliable model parameters.
Carotid extramedial thickness is associated with local arterial stiffness in children
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 2016
Prediction of van der Waals interaction in bubble–particle attachment in flotation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2001
Meniscus deformation and dynamics of moving contact line between poly(ethylene terephthalate) surface and glycerol-water mixtures
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-2009
DOI: 10.1002/APJ.222
Introduction of Matte Droplets in Copper Smelting Slag
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2017
The role of surface interaction forces and mixing in enhanced dewatering of coal preparation tailings
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2012
Anomalous Ion Effects on Rupture and Lifetime of Aqueous Foam Films Formed from Monovalent Salt Solutions up to Saturation Concentration
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 11-09-2008
DOI: 10.1021/LA801456J
Front Cover: Investigation of liquid marble shell using X‐ray: shell thickness and effective surface tension (ChemNanoMat 1/2022)
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-12-2022
Accurate dielectrophoretic positioning of a floating liquid marble with a two-electrode configuration
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-06-2019
Assessing the Hydrophobicity of Petrographically Heterogeneous Coal Surfaces
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 18-11-2010
DOI: 10.1021/EF100793T
Surface chemistry aspects of coal flotation in bore water
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2009
Search for supersymmetry in events with four or more charged leptons in 139 fb−1 of $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-2021
Abstract: A search for supersymmetry in events with four or more charged leptons (electrons, muons and τ -leptons) is presented. The analysis uses a data s le corresponding to 139 fb − 1 of proton-proton collisions delivered by the Large Hadron Collider at $$ \\sqrt{s} $$ s = 13 TeV and recorded by the ATLAS detector. Four-lepton signal regions with up to two hadronically decaying τ -leptons are designed to target several supersymmetric models, while a general five-lepton signal region targets any new physics phenomena leading to a final state with five charged leptons. Data yields are consistent with Standard Model expectations and results are used to set upper limits on contributions from processes beyond the Standard Model. Exclusion limits are set at the 95% confidence level in simplified models of general gauge-mediated supersymmetry, excluding higgsino masses up to 540 GeV. In R -parity-violating simplified models with decays of the lightest supersymmetric particle to charged leptons, lower limits of 1 . 6 TeV, 1 . 2 TeV, and 2 . 5 TeV are placed on wino, slepton and gluino masses, respectively.
Surface characterisation, collector adsorption and flotation response of enargite in a redox potential controlled environment
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2014
Unexpected inhibition of CO2 gas hydrate formation in dilute TBAB solutions and the critical role of interfacial water structure
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2016
Effect of mechanical and chemical clay removals by hydrocyclone and dispersants on coal flotation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2010
Rethinking suicide in rural australia: A study protocol for examining and applying knowledge of the social determinants to improve prevention in non-indigenous populations
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 16-08-2019
Abstract: Disproportionate rates of suicide in rural Australia in comparison to metropolitan areas pose a significant public health challenge. The dynamic interrelationship between mental and physical health, social determinants, and suicide in rural Australia is widely acknowledged. Advancement of this knowledge, however, remains h ered by a lack of adequate theory and methods to understand how these factors interact, and the translation of this knowledge into constructive strategies and solutions. This paper presents a protocol for generating a comprehensive dataset of suicide deaths and factors related to suicide in rural Australia, and for building a program of research to improve suicide prevention policy and practice to better address the social determinants of suicide in non-indigenous populations. The two-phased study will use a mixed-methods design informed by intersectionality theory. Phase One will extract, code, and analyse quantitative and qualitative data on suicide in regional and remote Australia from the National Coronial Information System (NCIS). Phase Two will analyse suicide prevention at three interrelated domains: policy, practice, and research, to examine alignment with evidence generated in Phase One. Findings from Phase One and Two will then be integrated to identify key points in suicide prevention policy and practice where action can be initiated.
How Does the Gibbs Inequality Condition Affect the Stability and Detachment of Floating Spheres from the Free Surface of Water?
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 15-02-2016
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.LANGMUIR.5B04098
Abstract: Floating objects on the air-water interfaces are central to a number of everyday activities, from walking on water by insects to flotation separation of valuable minerals using air bubbles. The available theories show that a fine sphere can float if the force of surface tension and buoyancies can support the sphere at the interface with an apical angle subtended by the circle of contact being larger than the contact angle. Here we show that the pinning of the contact line at the sharp edge, known as the Gibbs inequality condition, also plays a significant role in controlling the stability and detachment of floating spheres. Specifically, we truncated the spheres with different angles and used a force sensor device to measure the force of pushing the truncated spheres from the interface into water. We also developed a theoretical modeling to calculate the pushing force that in combination with experimental results shows different effects of the Gibbs inequality condition on the stability and detachment of the spheres from the water surface. For small angles of truncation, the Gibbs inequality condition does not affect the sphere detachment, and hence the classical theories on the floatability of spheres are valid. For large truncated angles, the Gibbs inequality condition determines the tenacity of the particle-meniscus contact and the stability and detachment of floating spheres. In this case, the classical theories on the floatability of spheres are no longer valid. A critical truncated angle for the transition from the classical to the Gibbs inequality regimes of detachment was also established. The outcomes of this research advance our understanding of the behavior of floating objects, in particular, the flotation separation of valuable minerals, which often contain various sharp edges of their crystal faces.
Effect of hydrodynamics, interface capillarity and molecular kinetics on wetting and de-wetting on small cylindrical surfaces
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2008
DOI: 10.1002/APJ.114
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