ORCID Profile
0000-0003-2050-9480
Current Organisation
Monash University, Indonesia
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Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-05-2020
Publisher: American Diabetes Association
Date: 10-05-2014
DOI: 10.2337/DC13-1813
Abstract: Exogenous GLP-1 slows gastric emptying in health and diabetes leading to diminished glycemic excursions. Gastric emptying is markedly accelerated by hypoglycemia. The primary objective was to determine whether GLP-1 attenuates the acceleration of gastric emptying induced by hypoglycemia. Ten healthy volunteers were studied on four separate days in a randomized double-blind fashion. Blood glucose was stabilized using a glucose/insulin cl at hypoglycemia (2.6 mmol/L on two occasions [hypo]) or euglycemia (6.0 mmol/L on two occasions [eu]) between T = −15 and 45 min before cl ing at 6.0 mmol/L until 180 min. During hypoglycemia and euglycemia, subjects received intravenous GLP-1 (1.2 pmol/kg/min) or placebo. At T = 0 min, subjects ingested 100 g beef mince labeled with 20 MBq 99mTc-sulfur-colloid and 3 g of 3-O-methyl-glucose (3-OMG), a marker of glucose absorption. Gastric emptying was measured scintigraphically from T = 0 to 180 min and serum 3-OMG taken at 15-min intervals. The areas under the curve for gastric emptying and 3-OMG concentration were analyzed using one-way repeated-measures ANOVA with Bonferroni-Holm adjusted post hoc tests. Gastric emptying was accelerated during hypoglycemia (hypo lacebo vs. eu lacebo P & 0.001), as was glucose absorption (P & 0.03). GLP-1 slowed emptying during euglycemia (eu lacebo vs. eu/GLP-1 P & 0.001). However, hypoglycemia-induced acceleration of gastric emptying on placebo was markedly diminished by GLP-1 (hypo lacebo vs. hypo/GLP-1 P & 0.008), as was glucose absorption (P & 0.01). Acute administration of exogenous GLP-1 attenuates, but does not abolish, the acceleration of gastric emptying by insulin-induced hypoglycemia in healthy subjects.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 05-01-2021
DOI: 10.3390/LAND10010040
Abstract: Urban blue-green spaces hold immense potential for supporting the sustainability and liveability of cities through the provision of urban ecosystem services (UES). However, research on UES in the Global South has not been reviewed as systematically as in the Global North. In Southeast Asia, the nature and extent of the biases, imbalances and gaps in UES research are unclear. We address this issue by conducting a systematic review of UES research in Southeast Asia over the last twenty years. Our findings draw attention to the unequal distribution of UES research within the region, and highlight common services, scales and features studied, as well as methods undertaken in UES research. We found that while studies tend to assess regulating and cultural UES at a landscape scale, few studies examined interactions between services by assessing synergies and tradeoffs. Moreover, the bias in research towards megacities in the region may overlook less-developed nations, rural areas, and peri-urban regions and their unique perspectives and preferences towards UES management. We discuss the challenges and considerations for integrating and conducting research on UES in Southeast Asia based on its unique and erse socio-cultural characteristics. We conclude our review by highlighting aspects of UES research that need more attention in order to support land use planning and decision-making in Southeast Asia.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 15-08-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-08-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2017
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 24-01-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.JENVMAN.2015.04.048
Abstract: Major global changes in vegetation community distributions and ecosystem processes are expected as a result of climate change. In agricultural regions with a predominance of private land, bio ersity outcomes will depend on the adaptive capacity of in idual land managers, as well as their willingness to engage with conservation programs and actions. Understanding adaptive capacity of landholders is critical for assessing future prospects for bio ersity conservation in privately owned agricultural landscapes globally, given projected climate change. This paper is the first to develop and apply a set of statistical methods (correlation and bionomial regression analyses) for combining social data on land manager adaptive capacity and factors associated with conservation program participation with biophysical data describing the current and projected-future distribution of climate suitable for vegetation communities. We apply these methods to the Tasmanian Midlands region of Tasmania, Australia and discuss the implications of the modelled results on conservation program strategy design in other contexts. We find that the integrated results can be used by environmental management organisations to design community engagement programs, and to tailor their messages to land managers with different capacity types and information behaviours. We encourage environmental agencies to target high capacity land managers by diffusing climate change and grassland management information through well respected conservation NGOs and farm system groups, and engage low capacity land managers via formalized mentoring programs.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-2014
DOI: 10.1002/ECE3.1319
Abstract: Tools for exploring and communicating the impact of uncertainty on spatial prediction are urgently needed, particularly when projecting species distributions to future conditions. We provide a tool for simulating uncertainty, focusing on uncertainty due to data quality. We illustrate the use of the tool using a Tasmanian endemic species as a case study. Our simulations provide probabilistic, spatially explicit illustrations of the impact of uncertainty on model projections. We also illustrate differences in model projections using six different global climate models and two contrasting emissions scenarios. Our case study results illustrate how different sources of uncertainty have different impacts on model output and how the geographic distribution of uncertainty can vary. Synthesis and applications : We provide a conceptual framework for understanding sources of uncertainty based on a review of potential sources of uncertainty in species distribution modelling a tool for simulating uncertainty in species distribution models and protocols for dealing with uncertainty due to climate models and emissions scenarios. Our tool provides a step forward in understanding and communicating the impacts of uncertainty on species distribution models under future climates which will be particularly helpful for informing discussions between researchers, policy makers, and conservation practitioners.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 04-01-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2020
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 09-2016
DOI: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000001715
Abstract: To quantify gallbladder dysfunction during critical illness. Prospective observational comparison study of nutrient-stimulated gallbladder emptying in health and critical illness. Single-centre mixed medical/surgical ICU. Twenty-four mechanically ventilated critically ill patients suitable to receive enteral nutrition were compared with 12 healthy subjects. Participants were studied after an 8-hour fast. Between 0 and 120 minutes, high-fat nutrient (20% intralipid) was infused via a postpyloric catheter into the duodenum at 2 kcal/min. Three-dimensional images of the gallbladder were acquired at 30-minute intervals from –30 to 180 minutes. Ejection fraction (%) was calculated as changes between 0 and 120 minutes. Blood s les were obtained at 30-minute intervals for plasma cholecystokinin. Data are mean ( sd ) or median [interquartile range]. In the critically ill, fasting gallbladder volumes (critically ill, 61 mL [36–100 mL] vs healthy, 22 mL [15–25] mL p 0.001] and wall thickness (0.45 mm [0.15 mm] vs 0.26 mm [0.08 mm] p 0.001] were substantially greater, and sludge was evident in the majority of patients (71% vs 0%). Nutrient-stimulated emptying was incomplete in the critically ill after 120 minutes but was essentially complete in the healthy in iduals (22 mL [9–66 mL] vs 4 mL [3–5 mL] p 0.01]. In five critically ill patients (21%), there was no change in gallbladder volume in response to nutrient, and overall ejection fraction was reduced in the critically ill (50% [8–83%] vs 77 [72–84%] p = 0.01]. There were no differences in fasting or incremental cholecystokinin concentrations. Fasted critically ill patients have larger, thicker-walled gallbladders than healthy subjects and nutrient-stimulated gallbladder emptying is impaired with “gallbladder paresis” occurring in approximately 20%.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2023
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-02-2019
DOI: 10.1002/IEAM.4128
Abstract: Environmental information is acquired and assessed during the environmental impact assessment process for surface-strip coal mine approval. However, integrating these data and quantifying rehabilitation risk using a holistic multidisciplinary approach is seldom undertaken. We present a rehabilitation risk assessment integrated network (R
Publisher: PeerJ
Date: 14-10-2019
DOI: 10.7717/PEERJ.7656
Abstract: Oil palm ( Elaeis guineensis ) agriculture is rapidly expanding and requires large areas of land in the tropics to meet the global demand for palm oil products. Land cover conversion of peat sw forest to oil palm (large- and small-scale oil palm production) is likely to have negative impacts on microhabitat conditions. This study assessed the impact of peat sw forest conversion to oil palm plantation on microclimate conditions and soil characteristics. The measurement of microclimate (air temperature, wind speed, light intensity and relative humidity) and soil characteristics (soil surface temperature, soil pH, soil moisture, and ground cover vegetation temperature) were compared at a peat sw forest, smallholdings and a large-scale plantation. Results showed that the peat sw forest was 1.5–2.3 °C cooler with significantly greater relative humidity, lower light intensities and wind speed compared to the smallholdings and large-scale plantations. Soil characteristics were also significantly different between the peat sw forest and both types of oil palm plantations with lower soil pH, soil and ground cover vegetation surface temperatures and greater soil moisture in the peat sw forest. These results suggest that peat sw forests have greater ecosystem benefits compared to oil palm plantations with smallholdings agricultural approach as a promising management practice to improve microhabitat conditions. Our findings also justify the conservation of remaining peat sw forest as it provides a refuge from harsh microclimatic conditions that characterize large plantations and smallholdings.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-01-2020
DOI: 10.1002/PAN3.10067
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2020
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 18-09-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2015
Publisher: SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng
Date: 21-08-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2016
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 15-05-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-09-2022
DOI: 10.1111/GCB.16404
Abstract: Large‐scale reforestation can potentially bring both benefits and risks to the water cycle, which needs to be better quantified under future climates to inform reforestation decisions. We identified 477 water‐insecure basins worldwide accounting for 44.6% (380.2 Mha) of the global reforestation potential. As many of these basins are in the Asia‐Pacific, we used regional coupled land‐climate modeling for the period 2041–2070 to reveal that reforestation increases evapotranspiration and precipitation for most water‐insecure regions over the Asia‐Pacific. This resulted in a statistically significant increase in water yield ( p .05) for the Loess Plateau–North China Plain, Yangtze Plain, Southeast China, and Irrawaddy regions. Precipitation feedback was influenced by the degree of initial moisture limitation affecting soil moisture response and thus evapotranspiration, as well as precipitation advection from other reforested regions and moisture transport away from the local region. Reforestation also reduces the probability of extremely dry months in most of the water‐insecure regions. However, some regions experience nonsignificant declines in net water yield due to heightened evapotranspiration outstripping increases in precipitation, or declines in soil moisture and advected precipitation.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-10-2022
Abstract: Protected areas (PAs) are a cornerstone of global conservation strategies. PAs, however, are not equally effective for all threatened taxa, and it is important to understand taxa‐specific effectiveness of PAs networks. In this study, we evaluate the role of the PAs network on the protection of Asian elephants Elephas maximus and their habitats in Southeast Asia's Sundaic region. Since Asian elephants tend to prefer secondary forests or forest gaps, we predicted that PAs would not represent the species preferred habitats. We conducted the most comprehensive analysis of Asian elephant space and habitat use to date through home range estimations and step selection function analyses using over 600,000 Global Positioning System locations from 102 different elephants from Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo. Our results revealed important similarities in the habitat use of elephants in both regions, with both females and males in Peninsular Malaysia and Sabah preferring secondary forest, forest gaps and areas of regrowth and new plantations. Our results supported our prediction that PAs do not represent Asian elephants' preferred habitats, since for most of the elephants, more than half of their ranges were outside PAs and the probability of selection values for both sexes in both geographical areas were lower inside than outside the PAs. Synthesis and applications. Our analysis suggests that conservation strategies need to acknowledge that the long‐term survival of Asian elephants in the Sundaic region relies on our capacity to promote human–elephant coexistence at the boundaries of PAs. We advocate that Asian elephant conservation strategies should be based on the following three key points: (1) large PAs with core areas where elephants can find safety and potentially survive in the long term (2) promoting connectivity among PAs using a system of wildlife corridors and (3) effective human–elephant conflict management outside PAs.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-11-2014
DOI: 10.1111/COBI.12409
Abstract: Recent conservation planning studies have presented approaches for integrating spatially referenced social (SRS) data with a view to improving the feasibility of conservation action. We reviewed the growing conservation literature on SRS data, focusing on elicited or stated preferences derived through social survey methods such as choice experiments and public participation geographic information systems. Elicited SRS data includes the spatial distribution of willingness to sell, willingness to pay, willingness to act, and assessments of social and cultural values. We developed a typology for assessing elicited SRS data uncertainty which describes how social survey uncertainty propagates when projected spatially and the importance of accounting for spatial uncertainty such as scale effects and data quality. These uncertainties will propagate when elicited SRS data is integrated with biophysical data for conservation planning and may have important consequences for assessing the feasibility of conservation actions. To explore this issue further, we conducted a systematic review of the elicited SRS data literature. We found that social survey uncertainty was commonly tested for, but that these uncertainties were ignored when projected spatially. Based on these results we developed a framework which will help researchers and practitioners estimate social survey uncertainty and use these quantitative estimates to systematically address uncertainty within an analysis. This is important when using SRS data in conservation applications because decisions need to be made irrespective of data quality and well characterized uncertainty can be incorporated into decision theoretic approaches.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 17-07-2021
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-2016
DOI: 10.1111/EMR.12215
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2018.04.006
Abstract: The management of suspended solids and associated contaminants in rivers requires knowledge of sediment sources. In-situ s ling can only describe the integrated impact of the upstream sources. Empirical models that use surface reflectance from satellite images to estimate total suspended solid (TSS) concentrations can be used to supplement measurements and provide spatially continuous maps. However, there are few ex les, especially in narrow, shallow and hydrologically dynamic rivers found in mountainous areas. A case study of the Didipio catchment in Philippines was used to address these issues. Four 5-m resolution RapidEye images, from between the years 2014 and 2016, and near-simultaneous ground measurements of TSS concentrations were used to develop a power law model that approximates the relationship between TSS and reflectance for each of four spectral bands. A second dataset using two 2-m resolution Pleiades-1A and a third using a 6-m resolution SPOT-6 image along with ground-based measurements, were consistent with the model when using the red band data. Using that model, encompassing data from all three datasets, gave an R
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-2018
DOI: 10.1002/ECE3.4632
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 09-11-2020
DOI: 10.3390/LAND9110438
Abstract: Indonesia’s new planned capital in East Kalimantan is being touted as a “smart, green, beautiful and sustainable city” but has stoked fears of massive environmental damage to the island of Borneo, one of the world’s most important bio ersity hotspots and carbon sinks. Precedents of other planned capitals can contribute to an understanding of the potential long-term impacts of Indonesia’s new capital. We used historical nighttime lights to quantitatively assess the spatial growth footprint of 12 previous planned capitals, and conducted land-use analyses to identify the potential environmental impacts on Borneo’s natural environment. Our assessment suggests that it is likely that the direct footprint of the new capital could grow rapidly, expanding over 10 km from its core in less than two decades and over 30 km before mid-century. We identified sensitive ecosystems which may be affected by the new capital’s direct and indirect footprint, such as forest reserves, mangrove and peat. Deforestation emissions from the new capital’s direct (30 km) and indirect (200 km) footprint could be approximately 50 MtCO2e and 2326 MtCO2e respectively, equivalent to 2.7% and 126% of Indonesia’s 2014 greenhouse gas emissions. We discuss how planned capitals can spatially restructure the socio-political geographies of cities and nation-states by interacting with meanings, symbolisms and power relations, which may aggravate environmental impacts but also be seized upon as a catalyst for improving environmental performance in Borneo and Indonesia. Finally, we recommend the use of best practices in impact assessment and sustainability as a necessary first step towards protecting Borneo.
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 26-02-2015
DOI: 10.5194/HESS-19-1069-2015
Abstract: Abstract. Eastern Australia has considerable mineral and energy resources, with areas of high bio ersity value co-occurring over a broad range of agro-climatic environments. Lack of water is the primary abiotic stressor for (agro)ecosystems in many parts of eastern Australia. In the context of mined land rehabilitation quantifying the severity–duration–frequency (SDF) of droughts is crucial for successful ecosystem rehabilitation to overcome challenges of early vegetation establishment and long-term ecosystem resilience. The objective of this study was to quantify the SDF of short-term and long-term drought events of 11 selected locations across a broad range of agro-climatic environments in eastern Australia by using three drought indices at different timescales: the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), the Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDI), and the Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI). Based on the indices we derived bivariate distribution functions of drought severity and duration, and estimated the recurrence intervals of drought events at different timescales. The correlation between the simple SPI and the more complex SPEI or RDI was stronger for the tropical and temperate locations than for the arid locations, indicating that SPEI or RDI can be replaced by SPI if evaporation plays a minor role for plant available water (tropics). Both short-term and long-term droughts were most severe and prolonged, and recurred most frequently in arid regions, but were relatively rare in tropical and temperate regions. Our approach is similar to intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) analyses of rainfall, which are crucial for the design of hydraulic infrastructure. In this regard, we propose to apply SDF analyses of droughts to design ecosystem components in post-mining landscapes. Together with design rainfalls, design droughts should be used to assess rehabilitation strategies and ecological management using drought recurrence intervals, thereby minimising the risk of failure of initial ecosystem establishment due to ignorance of fundamental abiotic and site-specific environmental barriers, such as flood and drought events.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 19-06-2019
DOI: 10.3390/ENVIRONMENTS6060072
Abstract: China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is the largest infrastructure scheme in our lifetime, bringing unprecedented geopolitical and economic shifts far larger than previous rising powers. Concerns about its environmental impacts are legitimate and threaten to thwart China’s ambitions, especially since there is little precedent for analysing and planning for environmental impacts of massive infrastructure development at the scale of BRI. In this paper, we review infrastructure development under BRI to characterise the nature and types of environmental impacts and demonstrate how social, economic and political factors can shape these impacts. We first address the ambiguity around how BRI is defined. Then we describe our interdisciplinary framework for considering the nature of its environmental impacts, showing how impacts interact and aggregate across multiple spatiotemporal scales creating cumulative impacts. We also propose a typology of BRI infrastructure, and describe how economic and socio-political drivers influence BRI infrastructure and the nature of its environmental impacts. Increasingly, environmental policies associated with BRI are being designed and implemented, although there are concerns about how these will translate effectively into practice. Planning and addressing environmental issues associated with the BRI is immensely complex and multi-scaled. Understanding BRI and its environment impacts is the first step for China and countries along the routes to ensure the assumed positive socio-economic impacts associated with BRI are sustainable.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-08-2016
DOI: 10.1111/AVSC.12248
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-11-2019
DOI: 10.1111/CSP2.133
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-06-2023
DOI: 10.1111/REC.13724
Abstract: The commencement of the United Nations Decade on Ecosystem Restoration has highlighted the urgent need to improve restoration science and fast‐track ecological outcomes. The application of remote sensing for monitoring purposes has increased over the past two decades providing a variety of image datasets and derived products suitable to map and measure ecosystem properties (e.g. vegetation species, community composition, and structural dimensions such as height and cover). However, the operational use of remote sensing data and derived products for ecosystem restoration monitoring in research, industry, and government has been relatively limited and underutilized. In this paper, we use the Society for Ecological Restoration (SER) ecological recovery wheel (ERW) to assess the current capacity of drone‐airborne‐satellite remote sensing datasets to measure each of the SER's recommended attributes and sub‐attributes for terrestrial restoration projects. Based on our combined expertise in the areas of ecological monitoring and remote sensing, a total of 11 out of 18 sub‐attributes received the highest feasibility score and show strong potential for remote sensing assessments while sub‐attributes such as gene flows, all trophic levels and chemical and physical substrates have a reduced capacity for monitoring. We argue that in the coming decade, ecologists can combine remote sensing with the ERW to monitor restoration recovery and reference ecosystems for improved restoration outcomes at the local, regional, and landscape scales. The ERW approach can be adapted as a monitoring framework for projects to utilize the benefits of remote sensing and inform management through scalable, operational, and meaningful outcomes.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-2023
DOI: 10.1002/INC3.17
Abstract: Rapidly developing regions in Southeast Asia, such as Kuantan, Malaysia, require robust spatial analysis to understand changing landscape patterns and their socioenvironmental impacts to guide sustainable development and conservation planning. This study aims to characterise and evaluate the historic and future projections of land‐use and land‐cover (LULC) change patterns to understand the dynamics of the regional development process and identify potential future land‐use conflicts. We first map coarse‐scale land‐cover classes using Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 8 OLI data and a Random Forest classifier in the Google Earth Engine platform, and then use auxiliary reference data to manually construct fine‐scale LULC for 3 years: 2010, 2015 and 2020. Subsequently, we modelled future LULC change patterns in 2030 using Land Change Modeller, which applies a multilayer perceptron neural network and Markov chain analysis. The study showed that the region's land cover in the last 10 years has been largely altered by human intervention, driven by an increase in oil palm plantations, followed by mining, residential and industrial site expansion, with a consequent decline in forest and vegetation cover. The 2030 land‐use projections revealed a continuation of these land‐use development patterns. The modelling showed that industry, mining and residential LULC are clustered and growing closer in proximity while expanding extensively, likely causing future land‐use conflict and lead to further environmental degradation. Furthermore, our analysis showed extensive decline in forest cover within reserves. Our modelling demonstrated that natural resource management needs to take an integrated approach as the drivers of land‐use changes are complex, competing and dynamic.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1071/MF17006
Abstract: Describing, classifying and quantifying vegetation communities is fundamental for understanding their current distribution, rarity, interrelationships and ecosystem functions. In the present study, we apply a consistent objective classification system for ephemeral wetlands of arid and semi-arid areas of New South Wales (NSW), Australia. Our approach uses a two-step statistically based, hierarchical, multiscale classification of environmental data at broad scales and floristics data at intermediate scales. At broad scales, ecoregionalisation methods were used to describe three wetland macrogroups. Within these groups, we performed unsupervised analyses of 640 floristic survey plots using the Bray–Curtis algorithm, clustering by group averaging and testing of clusters using similarity profile analysis (SIMPROF). From this we delineated 18 vegetation groups with class definition based on a combination of diagnostic and non-diagnostic similarity percentage analysis (SIMPER) outputs and dominant taxa. We show that a consistent classification system can be effectively created for subsets of vegetation that have adequate plot data within a general matrix that is poorly s led if outputs are restricted to appropriate scales of resolution. We suggest that our approach provides a stable and robust classification system that can be added to as more data become available.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2013
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-2008
DOI: 10.1111/J.1523-1739.2008.00934.X
Abstract: Whenever population viability analysis (PVA) models are built to help guide decisions about the management of rare and threatened species, an important component of model building is the specification of a habitat model describing how a species is related to landscape or bioclimatic variables. Model-selection uncertainty may arise because there is often a great deal of ambiguity about which habitat model structure best approximates the true underlying biological processes. The standard approach to incorporate habitat models into PVA is to assume the best habitat model is correct, ignoring habitat-model uncertainty and alternative model structures that may lead to quantitatively different conclusions and management recommendations. Here we provide the first detailed examination of the influence of habitat-model uncertainty on the ranking of management scenarios from a PVA model. We evaluated and ranked 6 management scenarios for the endangered southern brown bandicoot (Isoodon obesulus) with PVA models, each derived from plausible competing habitat models developed with logistic regression. The ranking of management scenarios was sensitive to the choice of the habitat model used in PVA predictions. Our results demonstrate the need to incorporate methods into PVA that better account for model uncertainty and highlight the sensitivity of PVA to decisions made during model building. We recommend that researchers search for and consider a range of habitat models when undertaking model-based decision making and suggest that routine sensitivity analyses should be expanded to include an analysis of the impact of habitat-model uncertainty and assumptions.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2017
Publisher: CRC Press
Date: 21-11-2008
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-01-2018
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-08-2014
DOI: 10.1002/LDR.2303
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 12-09-2017
DOI: 10.3390/RS9090945
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 28-10-2020
DOI: 10.3390/RS12213535
Abstract: The mining industry has been operating across the globe for millennia, but it is only in the last 50 years that remote sensing technology has enabled the visualization, mapping and assessment of mining impacts and landscape recovery. Our review of published literature (1970–2019) found that the number of ecologically focused remote sensing studies conducted on mine site rehabilitation increased gradually, with the greatest proportion of studies published in the 2010–2019 period. Early studies were driven exclusively by Landsat sensors at the regional and landscape scales while in the last decade, multiple earth observation and drone-based sensors across a erse range of study locations contributed to our increased understanding of vegetation development post-mining. The Normalized Differenced Vegetation Index (NDVI) was the most common index, and was used in 45% of papers while research that employed image classification techniques typically used supervised (48%) and manual interpretation methods (37%). Of the 37 publications that conducted error assessments, the average overall mapping accuracy was 84%. In the last decade, new classification methods such as Geographic Object-Based Image Analysis (GEOBIA) have emerged (10% of studies within the last ten years), along with new platforms and sensors such as drones (15% of studies within the last ten years) and high spatial and/or temporal resolution earth observation satellites. We used the monitoring standards recommended by the International Society for Ecological Restoration (SER) to determine the ecological attributes measured by each study. Most studies (63%) focused on land cover mapping (spatial mosaic) while comparatively fewer studies addressed complex topics such as ecosystem function and resilience, species composition, and absence of threats, which are commonly the focus of field-based rehabilitation monitoring. We propose a new research agenda based on identified knowledge gaps and the ecological monitoring tool recommended by SER, to ensure that future remote sensing approaches are conducted with a greater focus on ecological perspectives, i.e., in terms of final targets and end land-use goals. In particular, given the key rehabilitation requirement of self-sustainability, the demonstration of ecosystem resilience to disturbance and climate change should be a key area for future research.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2019
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-10-2020
DOI: 10.1002/ECE3.6827
Abstract: The fragmentation of forests by agricultural expansion, urbanization, and road networks is an ongoing global bio ersity crisis. In Southeast Asia and other tropical regions, wildlife populations are being isolated into pockets of natural habitat surrounded by road networks and monoculture plantations. Mortality from wildlife–vehicle collisions (WVCs) is contributing to a decline in many species of conservation priority in human‐modified landscapes. This study is the first in Malaysia to investigate factors affecting the occurrence of WVCs. We assessed roadkill data gathered by the Department of Wildlife and National Parks on small‐, medium‐, and large‐sized mammals in Peninsular Malaysia. We examined the relationship between wildlife road accidents and several environmental factors. We found a total of 605 roadkill animals, involving 21 species, which included three species classified as Endangered. Road type (plantation road or highway), year, and distance of the road from continuous and fragmented forests were significant in determining mammal mortality. Unexpectedly, the majority of road mortality occurred on palm oil plantation roads compared to highways. Mortality of small‐ and medium‐sized mammals was greater at locations further from continuous forest than those closer to fragmented forests. Segmentation of continuous forest by roads should be avoided wherever possible to reduce the threat of roads on crossing wildlife.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2020
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 09-2016
DOI: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000001815
Abstract: The optimal blood glucose target in critically ill patients with preexisting diabetes and chronic hyperglycemia is unknown. In such patients, we aimed to determine whether a “ liberal” approach to glycemic control would reduce hypoglycemia and glycemic variability and appear safe. Prospective, open-label, sequential-period exploratory study. Medical-surgical ICU. During sequential 6-month periods, we studied 83 patients with preexisting type 2 diabetes and chronic hyperglycemia (glycated hemoglobin, ≥ 7.0% at ICU admission). During the “standard care” period, 52 patients received insulin to treat blood glucose concentrations greater than 10 mmol/L whereas during the “liberal” period, 31 patients received insulin to treat blood glucose concentrations greater than 14 mmol/L. Time-weighted mean glucose concentrations and the number and duration of moderate ( 4.0 mmol/L) and severe (≤ 2.2 mmol/L) hypoglycemic episodes were recorded, with moderate and severe hypoglycemic episodes grouped together. Glycemic variability was assessed by calculating the coefficient of variability for each patient. Safety was evaluated using clinical outcomes and plasma concentrations of markers of inflammation, glucose-turnover, and oxidative stress. Mean glucose (TWglucose day 0–7 , standard care: 9.3 [1.8] vs liberal: 10.3 [2.1] mmol/L p = 0.02) and nadir blood glucose (4.4 [1.5] vs 5.5 [1.6] mmol/L p 0.01) were increased during the liberal period. There was a signal toward reduced risk of moderate-severe hypoglycemia (relative risk: liberal compared with standard care: 0.47 [95% CI, 0.19–1.13] p = 0.09). Ten patients (19%) during the standard period and one patient (3%) during the liberal period had recurrent episodes of moderate-severe hypoglycemia. Liberal therapy reduced glycemic variability (coefficient of variability, 33.2% [12.9%] vs 23.8% [7.7%] p 0.01). Biomarker data and clinical outcomes were similar. In critically ill patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic hyperglycaemia, liberal glycemic control appears to attenuate glycemic variability and may reduce the prevalence of moderate-severe hypoglycemia.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-02-2021
DOI: 10.1111/ACV.12668
Abstract: Misconceptions about species’ ecological preferences compromise conservation efforts. Whenever people and elephants share landscapes, human–elephant conflicts (HEC) occur in the form of crop raiding, elephant attacks on people and retaliatory actions from people on elephants. HEC is considered the main threat to the endangered Asian elephant Elephas maximus . Much of HEC mitigation in Asia is based on rescuing elephants from conflict areas and returning them to nature , for ex le, by means of ‘problem elephant’ translocation. Here, we used two independent and extensive datasets comprising elephant GPS telemetry and HEC incident reports to assess the relationship between elephant habitat preferences and the occurrence of HEC at a broad spatial scale in Peninsular Malaysia. Specifically, we assessed (a) the habitat suitability of agricultural landscapes where HEC incidents occur and (b) sexual differences in habitat preferences with implications for HEC mitigation and elephant conservation. We found strong differences in habitat use between females and males and that the locations of HEC incidents were areas of very high habitat suitability for elephants, especially for females. HEC reports suggest that in Peninsular Malaysia females are involved in more crop damage conflicts than males, whereas males are more prone to direct encounters with people. Our results show that human‐dominated landscapes are prime elephant habitat, and not merely marginal areas that elephants use in the absence of other options. The high ecological overlap between elephants and people means that conflict will continue to happen when both species share landscapes. HEC mitigation strategies, therefore, cannot be based on elephant removal (e.g. translocation) and need to be holistic approaches that integrate both ecological and human social dimensions to promote tolerated human–elephant coexistence.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2020
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 18-07-2012
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRSANNALS-I-4-101-2012
Abstract: Abstract. Subsidence, resulting from underground coal mining can alter the structure of overlying rock formations changing hydrological conditions and potentially effecting ecological communities found on the surface. Of particular concern are impacts to endangered and/or protected sw communities and sw species sensitive to changes in hydrologic conditions. This paper describes a monitoring approach that uses UAVs with modified digital cameras and object-based image analysis methods to characterise sw landcover on the Newnes plateau in the Blue Mountains near Sydney, Australia. The characterisation of sw spatial distribution is key to identifying long term changes in sw condition. In this paper we describe i) the characteristics of the UAV and the sensor, ii) the pre-processing of the remote sensing data with sub-decimeter pixel size to derive visible and near infrared multispectral imagery and a digital surface model (DSM), and iii) the application of object-based image analysis in eCognition using the multi-spectral data and DSM to map sw extent. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of the potential application of remote sensing data derived from UAVs to conduct environmental monitoring.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 31-12-2019
DOI: 10.1002/ECE3.5856
Abstract: In human‐modified landscapes, important ecological functions such as predation are negatively affected by anthropogenic activities, including the use of pesticides and habitat degradation. Predation of insect pests is an indicator of healthy ecosystem functioning, which provides important ecosystem services, especially for agricultural systems. In this study, we compare predation attempts from arthropods, mammals, and birds on artificial caterpillars in the understory, between three tropical agricultural land‐use types: oil palm plantations, rubber tree plantations, and fruit orchards. We collected a range of local and landscape‐scale data including undergrowth vegetation structure elevation proximity to forest and canopy cover in order to understand how environmental variables can affect predation. In all three land‐use types, our results showed that arthropods and mammals were important predators of artificial caterpillars and there was little predation by birds. We did not find any effect of the environmental variables on predation. There was an interactive effect between land‐use type and predator type. Predation by mammals was considerably higher in fruit orchards and rubber tree than in oil palm plantations, likely due to their ability to support higher abundances of insectivorous mammals. In order to maintain or enhance natural pest control in these common tropical agricultural land‐use types, management practices that benefit insectivorous animals should be introduced, such as the reduction of pesticides, improvement of understory vegetation, and local and landscape heterogeneity.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-2023
DOI: 10.1002/INC3.21
Abstract: Tropical Southeast Asia is a hotspot for global bio ersity, and also a hotspot for rapidly expanding urbanisation. There is a need to identify, protect, restore and connect remaining green spaces in the urban matrix before this opportunity is lost to urban development. The objective of this study is to characterise ecological connectivity for mammals and identify important patches and linkages for connecting urban green spaces for Greater Kuala Lumpur (KL), Malaysia. We first map land cover across the region using a linear mixture model with preprocessed multidate cloud‐free mosaics derived from Sentinel 2 remote sensing data in Google Earth Engine. We then model connectivity using the land cover maps, expert‐based parameterisation of Euclidian distance and graph‐based connectivity models for a range of dispersal guilds representing small and medium terrestrial and arboreal mammals. Our analysis showed large differences in the effects of fragmentation within Greater KL on the different dispersal groups, with some groups perceiving the landscape as disconnected. However, our analysis identified a network of green patches and pathways which potentially could support connectivity in the urban landscape. Our results demonstrate the potential for Southeast Asian megacities to support bio ersity in the urban context, and the potential for a different kind of urban development, which supports bio ersity in its urban fabric.
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 20-07-2012
DOI: 10.5194/ISPRSANNALS-I-3-311-2012
Abstract: Abstract. In remote, rugged or sensitive environments ground based mapping for condition assessment of species is both time consuming and potentially destructive. The application of photogrammetric methods to generate multispectral imagery and surface models based on UAV imagery at appropriate temporal and spatial resolutions is described. This paper describes a novel method to combine processing of NIR and visible image sets to produce multiband orthoimages and DEM models from UAV imagery with traditional image location and orientation uncertainties. This work extends the capabilities of recently developed commercial software (Pix4UAV from Pix4D) to show that image sets of different modalities (visible and NIR) can be automatically combined to generate a 4 band orthoimage. Reconstruction initially uses all imagery sets (NIR and visible) to ensure all images are in the same reference frame such that a 4-band orthoimage can be created. We analyse the accuracy of this automatic process by using ground control points and an evaluation on the matching performance between images of different modalities is shown. By combining sub-decimetre multispectral imagery with high spatial resolution surface models and ground based observation it is possible to generate detailed maps of vegetation assemblages at the species level. Potential uses with other conservation monitoring are discussed.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2015
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 04-03-2019
Abstract: Spatially integrated social science is a broad term used to describe the integration of space and place in social science research using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). It includes qualitative GIS approaches, such as geo-ethnology and geo-narratives, which combine qualitative social data with GIS and represent an emerging approach with significant potential for facilitating new insights into the dynamic interactions between mining companies and host communities. Mine operations are unique in their complexity, both in terms of the dynamic and erse nature of issues and the requirement to integrate knowledge, theories, and approaches from a range of disciplines. In this paper we describe the potential for spatially integrated social science using qualitative GIS to understand the social impacts of mining. We review current literature and propose a framework that incorporates quantitative and qualitative knowledge across social and biophysical domains within a multi-user approach. We provide ex les to illustrate how our approach could support past, present, and future assessment of socio-environmental systems in large-scale mining. We conclude by discussing the need for a multi-disciplinary approach to support decision makers and local stakeholders in considering complex social and environmental scenarios.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2020
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Date: 22-09-2023
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-2021
DOI: 10.1111/EMR.12470
Abstract: The conservation significance of the Tasmanian Midlands, an agricultural region that is largely privately owned and has suffered significant land degradation and loss of bio ersity, has been recognised since the 1980s. Four decades of conservation planning and implementation has seen the evolution of bio ersity protection, revegetation, bush rehabilitation and climate‐ready habitat restoration. Relationships and trust have been built enabling the development of capacity in the farming community and conservation sector. This paper presents for the first time the chronology of four decades of landscape conservation planning and implementation in the Tasmanian Midlands. Remnant protection, restoration and revegetation efforts have evolved from the site level to landscape scale, leading to a conservation approach incorporating ecological restoration in its broadest sense. Successive iterations saw key initiatives including Midlands Bushweb, Midlandscapes, the Midlands Conservation Fund and the Tasmanian Island Ark project. Spatial tools and models have grown from simple maps and aerial photos to early GIS products including farm plans (revolutionary in their day) and asset maps, to increasingly complex spatial models of corridors using least‐cost path analysis and fine‐scale multi‐species models of functional connectivity. However, critical to success in these challenging agricultural landscapes has been the relationships of trust and collaboration built between local farmers and conservation planners.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-01-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2019
Publisher: Unpublished
Date: 2018
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-2021
DOI: 10.1111/ACV.12749
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-06-2015
Abstract: Enteral feed intolerance occurs frequently in critically ill patients and can be associated with adverse outcomes. "Energy-dense formulae" (ie, >1 kcal/mL) are often prescribed to critically ill patients to reduce administered volume and are presumed to maintain or increase calorie delivery. The aim of this study was to compare gastric emptying of standard and energy-dense formulae in critically ill patients. In a retrospective comparison of 2 studies, data were analyzed from 2 groups of patients that received a radiolabeled 100-mL "meal" containing either standard calories (1 kcal/mL) or concentrated calories (energy-dense formulae 2 kcal/mL). Gastric emptying was measured using a scintigraphic technique. Radioisotope data were collected for 4 hours and gastric emptying quantified. Data are presented as mean ± SE or median [interquartile range] as appropriate. Forty patients were studied (n = 18, energy-dense formulae n = 22, standard). Groups were well matched in terms of demographics. However, patients in the energy-dense formula group were studied earlier in their intensive care unit admission (P = .02) and had a greater proportion requiring inotropes (P = .002). A similar amount of calories emptied out of the stomach per unit time (P = .57), but in patients receiving energy-dense formulae, a greater volume of meal was retained in the stomach (P = .045), consistent with slower gastric emptying. In critically ill patients, the administration of the same volume of a concentrated enteral nutrition formula may not result in the delivery of more calories to the small intestine over time because gastric emptying is slowed.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2012
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-09-2012
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 17-09-2022
DOI: 10.3390/LAND11091597
Abstract: Industrialization and urbanization have affected Indonesia’s rural communities and farming culture, which were once integral parts of its ecological system. This paper presents a participatory co-design approach based on the local and traditional learning philosophy of niteni to support sustainable development. The participatory co-design approach encouraged collaboration between marginalized communities, government bodies, and a multidisciplinary academic team. Through this lens, interviews, forums, and an ethnographic study were undertaken in order to acquire data and information for idea generation and planning. Firstly, eight niteni themes were identified, including the environment and ecosystems, traditional values and farming culture, crafting skills, manufacturing, and the local economy. Building on an understanding of the challenges associated with each of these themes, we identified future development priorities. A key action identified was the reintroduction of traditional farming, in particular the planting of local rice varieties and the local tradition of Pranatamangsa, which promote human–nature connections such as farming activities and rituals following natural seasonal cycles. Finally, design approaches were used to revive the local rice farming tradition (Rojolele Delanggu), including product branding and packaging designs to support regional identity. The paper concludes that the inclusion of design thinking in a sustainable development strategy based on cultural specificity can increase participation and support traditional indigenous practices and community resiliency.
Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC
Date: 22-08-2022
DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-1546889/V1
Abstract: Tropical Southeast Asia is a hotspot for global bio ersity, and also a hotspot for rapidly expanding urbanisation. There is a need to identify, protect, restore, and connect remaining green spaces in the urban matrix before this opportunity is lost to urban development. The objective of this study is to characterise ecological connectivity for mammals and identify important patches and linkages for connecting urban green spaces for Greater Kuala Lumpur (KL), Malaysia. We first map land cover across the region using linear mixture model with preprocessed multi-date cloud free mosaics derived from Sentinel 2 remote sensing data in Google Earth Engine. We then model connectivity using the land cover maps, expert-based parameterisation of Euclidian distance, and graph-based connectivity models for a range of dispersal guilds representing small and medium terrestrial and arboreal mammals. Our analysis showed large differences in the effects of fragmentation within Greater KL on the different dispersal groups, with some groups perceiving the landscape as disconnected. However, our analysis identified a network of green patches and pathways which potentially could support connectivity in the urban landscape. Our results demonstrate the potential for Southeast Asian mega cities to support bio ersity in the urban context, and the potential for a different kind of urban development, which supports bio ersity in its urban fabric.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-03-2021
DOI: 10.1007/S42452-021-04234-Y
Abstract: Plastic waste is one of the world’s most pressing human health and environmental concerns. Plastic constitutes the third highest waste source globally, with the total volume of plastic waste growing in-line with increases in the global population and per capita consumption. Malaysia is tracking global trends in both the overall generation of plastic waste and the consumption of single-use plastics and since 2017 has been the world’s largest importer of plastic waste. These elements create a number of major challenges for the country’s waste management system. This review outlines the current state of plastic waste production and management in Malaysia, including options for landfill, recycling and incineration. It presents information on the scale and both the human and ecological risks of plastic waste in the country (i.e. microplastics, landfill, incineration), outlines key plastic waste management policy initiatives (including plastics alternatives such as biodegradable plastics) and highlights key constraints on the success of these. Significant internal constraints stem from the inconsistent application of policy initiatives by state governments, in addition to the lack of public awareness and interest in household recycling. The paper closes by discussing options for and constraints on the switch to biodegradable alternatives and proposes a model of plastic management based on a circular economy approach and solid waste management hierarchy. Success in reducing the problems posed by plastic in Malaysia will require sustained effort at many levels, but positive experiences in other countries give some cause for optimism.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2020
Publisher: American Diabetes Association
Date: 17-03-2015
DOI: 10.2337/DC14-3091
Abstract: Acute hyperglycemia markedly slows gastric emptying. Exogenous GLP-1 also slows gastric emptying, leading to diminished glycemic excursions. The primary objective was to determine whether hyperglycemia potentiates the slowing of gastric emptying induced by GLP-1 administration. Ten healthy participants were studied on 4 separate days. Blood glucose was cl ed at hyperglycemia using an intravenous infusion of 25% dextrose (∼12 mmol/L hyper) on 2 days, or maintained at euglycemia (∼6 mmol/L eu) on 2 days, between t = −15 and 240 min. During hyperglycemic and euglycemic days, participants received intravenous GLP-1 (1.2 pmol/kg/min) and placebo in a randomized double-blind fashion. At t = 0 min, subjects ingested 100 g beef mince labeled with 20 MBq technetium-99m–sulfur colloid and 3 g 3-O-methyl-glucose (3-OMG), a marker of glucose absorption. Gastric emptying was measured scintigraphically from t = 0 to 240 min and serum 3-OMG taken at regular intervals from t = 15 to 240 min. The areas under the curve for gastric emptying and 3-OMG were analyzed using one-way repeated-measures ANOVA with Bonferroni-Holm adjusted post hoc tests. Hyperglycemia slowed gastric emptying (eu lacebo vs. hyper lacebo P & 0.001) as did GLP-1 (eu lacebo vs. eu/GLP-1 P & 0.001). There was an additive effect of GLP-1 and hyperglycemia, such that gastric emptying was markedly slower compared with GLP-1 administration during euglycemia (eu/GLP-1 vs. hyper/GLP-1 P & 0.01). Acute administration of exogenous GLP-1 profoundly slows gastric emptying during hyperglycemia in excess of the slowing induced by GLP-1 during euglycemia. Studies are required to determine the effects of hyperglycemia on gastric emptying with the subcutaneously administered commercially available GLP-1 agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 19-01-2018
DOI: 10.3390/W10010088
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2018
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 21-02-2019
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 22-06-2021
DOI: 10.3390/RS13132439
Abstract: Mapping building structures is crucial for environmental change and impact assessment, and is especially important to accurately estimate fossil fuel CO2 emissions from human settlements. In this regard, the objective of this study is to develop novel and robust methods using time-series data acquired from Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) to identify and map persistent building structures from coastal plains to high plateaus, as well as on the sea surface. From annual composites of SAR data in the two-dimensional VV-VH polarization space, we determined the VV-VH domain for detecting building structures, whose persistence was defined based on the number of times that a pixel was identified as a building in time-series data. Moreover, the algorithm accounted for misclassified buildings due to water-tree interactions in radar signatures and due to topography effects in complex mountainous landforms. The methods were tested in five cities (Bạc Liêu, Cà Mau, Sóc Trăng, Tân An, and Phan Thiết) in Vietnam located in different socio-environmental regions with a range of urban configurations. Using in-situ data and field observations, we validated the methods and found that the results were accurate, with an average false negative rate of 10.9% and average false positive rate of 6.4% for building detection. The algorithm could also detect small houses in rural settlements and in small islands such as in Hòn Sơn and Hòn Tre. Over sea surfaces, the algorithm effectively identified lines of power poles connecting islands to the mainland, guard shacks in marine blood clam farms in Kiên Giang, in idual wind towers in the off-shore wind farm in Bạc Liêu, and oilrigs in the Vũng Tàu oil fields. The new approach was developed to be robust against variations in SAR incidence and azimuth angles. The results demonstrated the potential use of satellite dual-polarization SAR to identify persistent building structures annually across rural–urban landscapes and on sea surfaces with different environmental conditions.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-04-2023
DOI: 10.1007/S10661-023-11113-Z
Abstract: Oil palm agriculture has caused extensive land cover and land use changes that have adversely affected tropical landscapes and ecosystems. However, monitoring and assessment of oil palm plantation areas to support sustainable management is costly and labour-intensive. This study used an unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) to map smallholder farms and applied multi-criteria analysis to data generated from orthomosaics, to provide a set of sustainability indicators for the farms. Images were acquired from a UAV, with structure from motion (SfM) photogrammetry then used to produce orthomosaics and digital elevation models of the farm areas. Some of the inherent problems using high spatial resolution imagery for land cover classification were overcome by using texture analysis and geographic object-based image analysis (OBIA). Six spatially explicit environmental metrics were developed using multi-criteria analysis and used to generate sustainability indicator layers from the UAV data. The SfM and OBIA approach provided an accurate, high-resolution (~5 cm) image-based reconstruction of smallholder farm landscapes, with an overall classification accuracy of 89%. The multi-criteria analysis highlighted areas with lower sustainability values, which should be considered targets for adoption of sustainable management practices. The results of this work suggest that UAVs are a cost-effective tool for sustainability assessments of oil palm plantations, but there remains the need to plan surveys and image processing workflows carefully. Future work can build on our proposed approach, including the use of additional and/or alternative indicators developed through consultation with the oil palm industry stakeholders, to support certification schemes such as the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO).
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2022
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: Australia
No related grants have been discovered for Alex Lechner.