ORCID Profile
0000-0003-1482-0109
Current Organisation
Western Australian Museum
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Biogeography and Phylogeography | Environmental Science and Management | Evolutionary Biology | Environmental Monitoring | Population, Ecological and Evolutionary Genetics | Phylogeny and Comparative Analysis | Invertebrate Biology | Global Change Biology | Environmental Impact Assessment | Genetics | Conservation And Biodiversity | Animal Systematics and Taxonomy | Freshwater Ecology
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Fresh, Ground and Surface Water Flora, Fauna and Biodiversity | Ecosystem Assessment and Management of Fresh, Ground and Surface Water Environments | Expanding Knowledge in the Biological Sciences | Documentation of Undescribed Flora and Fauna | Living resources (flora and fauna) | Integrated (ecosystem) assessment and management | Ecosystem Assessment and Management at Regional or Larger Scales | Ecosystem Assessment and Management of Mining Environments | Flora, Fauna and Biodiversity at Regional or Larger Scales | Environmental and resource evaluation not elsewhere classified |
Related Links
Publications
A review of the water mite genus australorivacarus k. o. viets (Chelicerata: Actinedida: Hygrobatidae)
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 1989
DOI: 10.1071/IT9890155
Abstract: The genus Australorivacarus K. O. Viets is reviewed and three species are recognized: A. multiscutatus K. O. Viets, A. nudipes, sp. nov. and A. secipes, sp. nov. All are known from eastern Victoria A. multiscutatus has also been collected in Tasmania.
Thalassochernes Beier, 1940 (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpionida): proposed designation of Chelifer taierensis With, 1907 as the type species
Publisher: Biodiversity Heritage Library
Date: 1990
New cave-dwelling schizomids (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae) from Australia
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2001
Four new Mouse Spider species (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Actinopodidae, Missulena) from Western Australia
Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
Date: 22-05-2014
New species of the water mite family Hydryphantidae (Acarina) from the Northern Territory, Australia
Publisher: Biodiversity Heritage Library
Date: 12-1988
DOI: 10.5962/P.260914
Description of five new Aname L. Koch, 1873 (Araneae, Anamidae) species collected on Bush Blitz expeditions
Publisher: Museum National D'Histoire Naturelle
Date: 11-2008
DOI: 10.5852/EJT.2023.890.2247
Abstract: Aname L. Koch, 1873 is an incredibly erse genus of mygalomorph spiders endemic to Australia, occurring from coast to coast in tropical, semi-arid and arid bioregions. They are relatively gracile mygalomorph spiders that build open burrows, sometimes with a secondary entrance that functions as an escape chute. The genus currently contains 48 species, but the true ersity is likely to be closer to 200 species. Here we describe five new species (A. ningaloo sp. nov., A. salina sp. nov., A. tatarnici sp. nov., A. tenuipes sp. nov. and A. wongalara sp. nov.), primarily based on specimens collected on Bush Blitz expeditions in Western Australia (Cape Range, 2019), South Australia (Great Victoria Desert, 2017) and the Northern Territory (Wongalara, 2012). We complement these descriptions with a molecular phylogenetic analysis to place all new species into an existing phylogenetic framework.
First molecular phylogeny of the major clades of Pseudoscorpiones (Arthropoda: Chelicerata)
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2008
DOI: 10.1016/J.YMPEV.2008.06.002
Abstract: The phylogenetic relationships of the major lineages of the arachnid order Pseudoscorpiones are investigated for the first time using molecular sequence data from two nuclear ribosomal genes and one mitochondrial protein-encoding gene. The data were analyzed using a dynamic homology approach with the new program POY v.4 under parsimony as the optimality criterion. The data show monophyly of Pseudoscorpiones as well as many of its superfamilies (Feaelloidea, Chthonioidea, Cheiridioidea and Sternophoroidea), but not for Neobisiodea or Garypoidea. Cheliferoidea was not monophyletic either due to the position of Neochelanops, which grouped with some garypoids. In all the analyses, Feaelloidea constituted the sister group to all other pseudoscorpions Chthonioidea is the sister group to the remaining families, which constitute the group Iocheirata sensu Harvey--a clade including pseudoscorpions with venom glands within the pedipalpal fingers. This phylogenetic pattern suggests that venom glands evolved just once within this order of arachnids.
Across the Indian Ocean: A remarkable example of trans-oceanic dispersal in an austral mygalomorph spider
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 02-08-2017
The systematics and phylogenetic position of the troglobitic Australian spider genus Troglodiplura (Araneae : Mygalomorphae), with a new classification for Anamidae
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1071/IS20034
Abstract: Compared with araneomorph spiders, relatively few mygalomorph spiders have evolved an obligate existence in subterranean habitats. The trapdoor spider genus Troglodiplura Main, 1969 and its sole named species T. lowryi Main, 1969 is endemic to caves on the Nullarbor Plain of southern Australia, and is one of the world’s most troglomorphic mygalomorph spiders. However, its systematic position has proved to be difficult to ascertain, largely due to a lack of preserved adults, with all museum specimens represented only by cuticular fragments, degraded specimens or preserved juveniles. The systematic placement of Troglodiplura has changed since it was first described as a member of the Dipluridae, with later attribution to Nemesiidae and then back to Dipluridae. The most recent hypothesis specifically allied Troglodiplura with the Neotropical subfamily Diplurinae, and therefore was assumed to have no close living relatives in Australia. We obtained mitochondrial sequence data from one specimen of Troglodiplura to test these two competing hypotheses, and found that Troglodiplura is a member of the family Anamidae (which was recently separated from the Nemesiidae). We also reassess the morphology of the cuticular fragments of specimens from several different caves, and hypothesise that along with T. lowryi there are four new troglobitic species, here named T. beirutpakbarai Harvey & Rix, T. challeni Harvey & Rix, T. harrisi Harvey & Rix, and T. samankunani Harvey & Rix, each of which is restricted to a single cave system and therefore severely threatened by changing environmental conditions within the caves. The first descriptions and illustrations of the female spermathecae of Troglodiplura are provided. The family Anamidae is further ided into two subfamilies, with the Anaminae Simon containing Aname L. Koch, 1873, Hesperonatalius Castalanelli, Huey, Hillyer & Harvey, 2017, Kwonkan Main, 1983, Swolnpes Main & Framenau, 2009 and Troglodiplura, and the Teylinae Main including Chenistonia Hogg, 1901, Namea Raven, 1984, Proshermacha Simon, 1909, Teyl Main, 1975 and Teyloides Main, 1985. ZooBank Registration: zoobank.org/References/2BE2B429-0998-4AFE-9381-B30BDC391E9C
Strategic national approach for improving the conservation management of insects and allied invertebrates in Australia
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-2018
DOI: 10.1111/AEN.12343
Phylogeny and historical biogeography of ancient assassin spiders (Araneae: Archaeidae) in the Australian mesic zone: Evidence for Miocene speciation within Tertiary refugia
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.1016/J.YMPEV.2011.10.009
Abstract: The rainforests, wet sclerophyll forests and temperate heathlands of the Australian mesic zone are home to a erse and highly endemic biota, including numerous old endemic lineages restricted to refugial, mesic biomes. A growing number of phylogeographic studies have attempted to explain the origins and ersification of the Australian mesic zone biota, in order to test and better understand the mode and tempo of historical speciation within Australia. Assassin spiders (family Archaeidae) are a lineage of iconic araneomorph spiders, characterised by their antiquity, remarkable morphology and relictual biogeography on the southern continents. The Australian assassin spider fauna is characterised by a high ersity of allopatric species, many of which are restricted to in idual mountains or montane systems, and all of which are closely tied to mesic and/or refugial habitats in the east and extreme south-west of mainland Australia. We tested the phylogeny and vicariant biogeography of the Australian Archaeidae (genus Austrarchaea Forster & Platnick), using a multi-locus molecular approach. Fragments from six mitochondrial genes (COI, COII, tRNA-K, tRNA-D, ATP8, ATP6) and one nuclear protein-coding gene (Histone H3) were used to infer phylogenetic relationships and to explore the phylogeographic origins of the erse Australian fauna. Bayesian analyses of the complete molecular dataset, along with differentially-partitioned Bayesian and parsimony analyses of a smaller concatenated dataset, revealed the presence of three major Australian lineages, each with non-overlapping distributions in north-eastern Queensland, mid-eastern Australia and southern Australia, respectively. Divergence date estimation using mitochondrial data and a rate-calibrated relaxed molecular clock revealed that major lineages erged in the early Tertiary period, prior to the final rifting of Australia from East Antarctica. Subsequent speciation occurred during the Miocene (23-5.3 million years ago), with tropical and subtropical taxa erging in the early-mid Miocene, prior to southern and temperate taxa in the mid-late Miocene. Area cladograms reconciled with Bayesian chronograms for all known Archaeidae in southern and south-eastern Australia revealed seven potentially vicariant biogeographic barriers in eastern Queensland, New South Wales and southern Australia, each proposed and discussed in relation to other mesic zone taxa. Five of these barriers were inferred as being of early Miocene age, and implicated in the initial vicariant separation of endemic regional clades. Phylogeographic results for Australian Archaeidae are congruent with a model of sequential allopatric speciation in Tertiary refugia, as driven by the contraction and fragmentation of Australia's mesic biomes during the Miocene. Assassin spiders clearly offer great potential for further testing historical biogeographic processes in temperate and eastern Australia, and are a useful group for better understanding the biology and biogeography of the Australian mesic zone.
Climate variability impacts on diversification processes in a biodiversity hotspot: a phylogeography of ancient pseudoscorpions in south-western Australia
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 12-04-2019
DOI: 10.1093/ZOOLINNEAN/ZLZ010
Abstract: The south-western ision of Australia is the only bio ersity hotspot in Australia and is well-known for extreme levels of local endemism. Climate change has been identified as a key threat for flora and fauna, but very few data are presently available to evaluate its impact on invertebrate fauna. Here, we derive a molecular phylogeography for pseudoscorpions of the genus Pseudotyrannochthonius that in the south-west are restricted to regions with the highest rainfall. A dated molecular phylogeny derived from six gene fragments is used for biogeographic reconstruction analyses, spatial mapping, environmental niche-modelling, and to infer putative species. Phylogenetic analyses uncover nine clades with mostly allopatric distributions and often small linear ranges between 0.5 and 130 km. Molecular dating suggests that the origins of contemporary ersity fall into a period of warm/humid Palaeogene climates, but splits in the phylogeny coincide with major environmental shifts, such as significant global cooling during the Middle Miocene. By testing several models of historical biogeography available for the south-west, we determine that Pseudotyrannochthonius is an ancient relict lineage that principally follows a model of allopatric speciation in mesic zone refugia, although there are derivations from this model in that some species are older and distribution patterns more complex than expected. Ecological niche models indicate that drier and warmer future climates will lead to range contraction towards refugia of highest rainfall, probably mimicking past variations that have generated high ersity in these areas. Their conservation management will be crucial for preserving the unique bio ersity heritage of the south-west.
The systematics of the family menthidae (Pseudoscorpionida)
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 1990
DOI: 10.1071/IT9890941
Abstract: The pseudoscorpion family Menthidae is reexamined and 4 genera and 8 species are recognised: Menthrus Chamberlin with M. rossi (Chamberlin), M. mexicanus Hoff, M. lindahli (Chamberlin) and M. californicus Chamberlin from south-western USA. and Mexico, Oligomenthus Beier with O. argentinus Beier from Argentina and O. chilensis Vitali-di Castri from Chile, Thenmus Harvey, gen, nov. with T. aigialites Harvey, sp. nov. (type species) from north-eastem Australia, and Paramenthus Beier with P. shulovi Beier from Israel. Adults of all menthid species are found to have 11 trichobothria on the fixed chelal finger and hand. Post-embryonic development is investigated.
Taxonomic Sampling and Rare Genomic Changes Overcome Long-Branch Attraction in the Phylogenetic Placement of Pseudoscorpions
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 10-02-2021
Abstract: Long-branch attraction is a systematic artifact that results in erroneous groupings of fast-evolving taxa. The combination of short, deep internodes in tandem with long-branch attraction artifacts has produced empirically intractable parts of the Tree of Life. One such group is the arthropod subphylum Chelicerata, whose backbone phylogeny has remained unstable despite improvements in phylogenetic methods and genome-scale data sets. Pseudoscorpion placement is particularly variable across data sets and analytical frameworks, with this group either clustering with other long-branch orders or with Arachnopulmonata (scorpions and tetrapulmonates). To surmount long-branch attraction, we investigated the effect of taxonomic s ling via sequential deletion of basally branching pseudoscorpion superfamilies, as well as varying gene occupancy thresholds in supermatrices. We show that concatenated supermatrices and coalescent-based summary species tree approaches support a sister group relationship of pseudoscorpions and scorpions, when more of the basally branching taxa are s led. Matrix completeness had demonstrably less influence on tree topology. As an external arbiter of phylogenetic placement, we leveraged the recent discovery of an ancient genome duplication in the common ancestor of Arachnopulmonata as a litmus test for competing hypotheses of pseudoscorpion relationships. We generated a high-quality developmental transcriptome and the first genome for pseudoscorpions to assess the incidence of arachnopulmonate-specific duplications (e.g., homeobox genes and miRNAs). Our results support the inclusion of pseudoscorpions in Arachnopulmonata (new definition), as the sister group of scorpions. Panscorpiones (new name) is proposed for the clade uniting Scorpiones and Pseudoscorpiones.
Systematics of the Australian orb-weaving spider genus Demadiana with comments on the generic classification of the Arkyinae (Araneae:Araneidae)
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2010
DOI: 10.1071/IS10005
Abstract: The orb-weaving spider subfamily Arkyinae L. Koch, 1872 is exclusively found in the Australasian region and its taxonomy and the systematic relationships within and between genera of this subfamily are poorly understood. We here revise the arkyine genus Demadiana Strand, 1929 to include six Australian species, four of which are described as new: Demadiana simplex (Karsch, 1878) (type species), D. carrai, sp. nov., D. cerula (Simon, 1908), comb. nov., D. complicata, sp. nov., D. diabolus, sp. nov., and D. milledgei, sp. nov. A phylogenetic analysis based on an updated araneid morphological data matrix including 57 genera of orb-weaving spiders identified Demadiana as a member of the araneid subfamily Arkyinae. A separate phylogenetic analysis for the genus at the species level showed little resolution within Demadiana, but did identify a monophyletic Demadiana supported by three putative synapomorphies: small unique setal pits with spherical sockets covering the carapace, sternum and the bases of the paturon (chelicerae), an extreme elongation of the trumpet-like aggregate spigots of the posterior lateral spinnerets and a distinct curvature of the embolus. We detail several new generic and species synonymies within Arkyinae. Aerea Urquhart, 1891 (type species Aerea alticephala Urquhart, 1891) and Neoarchemorus Mascord, 1968 (type species N. speechleyi Mascord, 1968) are regarded as junior synonyms of Arkys Walckenaer, 1837 (type species A. lancearius Walckenaer, 1837), resulting in Arkys speechleyi (Mascord, 1968), comb. nov. Aerea magnifica Urquhart, 1893 and Archemorus simsoni Simon, 1893 are regarded as junior synonyms of Aerea alticephala Urquhart, 1891, and Arkys nitidiceps Simon, 1908 is proposed as a junior synonym of Arkys walckenaeri Simon, 1879.
First cytogenetic study of a member of the harvestman family P ettalidae (O piliones: C yphophthalmi)
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-08-2012
Refugia within refugia: In situ speciation and conservation of threatened Bertmainius (Araneae:Migidae), a new genus of relictual trapdoor spiders endemic to the mesic zone of south-Western Australia
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1071/IS15024
Abstract: The trapdoor spider family Migidae has a classical Gondwanan distribution and is found on all southern continents except the Indian region. The Australian fauna consists of three genera including Moggridgea O. P. Cambridge from south-western Australia and Kangaroo Island, South Australia Moggridgea is otherwise widespread throughout Africa. The sole named species of Moggridgea from Western Australia, M. tingle Main, and its unnamed relatives are the subject of the present paper, which was stimulated by concern for the long-term persistence of populations, and the discovery of deep genetic ergences between populations. A phylogeny of the Western Australian species relative to African and South Australian Moggridgea was generated using molecular COI and ITS rDNA data, and based on both molecular and morphological criteria we conclude that the Western Australian taxa should be removed from Moggridgea and transferred to a new genus, Bertmainius. The seven species are delimited using both morphological and molecular criteria: B. tingle (Main) (the type species), and six new species, B. colonus, B. monachus, B. mysticus, B. opimus, B. pandus and B. tumidus. All seven species are considered to be threatened using IUCN criteria, with the major threatening processes being inappropriate fire regimes and climate change.
The subterranean fauna of Barrow Island, north-western Australia: 10 years on
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2013
The status of the whip spider subgenus Neocharon (Amblypygi: Charontidae) and the distribution of the genera Charon and Stygophrynus
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 08-2011
DOI: 10.1636/CA10-77.1
A new species of Synsphyronus (Pseudoscorpiones: Garypidae) from Western Australia
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2012
A new species of Xestaspis (Araneae: Oonopidae) from the Pilbara region of Western Australia
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2008
Review of the cave-dwelling species of PseudotyrannochthoniusBeier (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Pseudotyrannochthoniidae) from mainland Australia, with description of two troglobitic species
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-2013
DOI: 10.1111/AEN.12009
Worldwide catalogues and species numbers of the arachnid orders (Arachnida)
Publisher: Arachnologische Gesellschaft e.v.
Date: 07-2011
DOI: 10.5431/ARAMIT4108
The spider family Micropholcommatidae (Arachnida: Araneae: Araneoidea): a relimitation and revision at the generic level
Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
Date: 22-02-2010
Molecular and morphological characterization of new species of hypogean Paradraculoides (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae) from the arid Pilbara bioregion of Western Australia
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 11-2018
The first phylogenetic analysis of Palpigradi (Arachnida) – the most enigmatic arthropod order
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1071/IS13057
Abstract: Palpigradi are a poorly understood group of delicate arachnids, often found in caves or other subterranean habitats. Concomitantly, they have been neglected from a phylogenetic point of view. Here we present the first molecular phylogeny of palpigrades based on specimens collected in different subterranean habitats, both endogean (soil) and hypogean (caves), from Australia, Africa, Europe, South America and North America. Analyses of two nuclear ribosomal genes and COI under an array of methods and homology schemes found monophyly of Palpigradi, Eukoeneniidae and a ision of Eukoeneniidae into four main clades, three of which include s les from multiple continents. This supports either ancient vicariance or long-range dispersal, two alternatives we cannot distinguish with the data at hand. In addition, we show that our results are robust to homology scheme and analytical method, encouraging further use of the markers employed in this study to continue drawing a broader picture of palpigrade relationships.
A new species of the pseudoscorpion genus Synsphyronus (Pseudoscorpiones: Garypidae) from Barrow Island, Western Australia
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2015
Cheiridium tetrophthalmumDaday, a new synonym of Larca lata (Hansen) (Pseudoscorpiones, Larcidae)
Publisher: Arachnologische Gesellschaft e.v.
Date: 07-2011
DOI: 10.5431/ARAMIT4104
A new species of troglobitic Anatemnus (Pseudoscorpiones: Atemnidae) from the Pilbara bioregion of Australia
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2014
Australian Assassins, Part II: A review of the new assassin spider genus Zephyrarchaea (Araneae, Archaeidae) from southern Australia
Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
Date: 07-05-2012
Population demography and biology of a new species of giant spiny trapdoor spider (Araneae: Idiopidae: Euoplos) from inland Queensland: developing a ‘slow science’ study system to address a con
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-08-2018
DOI: 10.1111/AEN.12367
Revised diagnoses for the pseudoscorpion genera Metawithius and Microwithius, with the description of a new Australian genus, and notes on Withius (Pseudoscorpiones, Withiidae)
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 11-2015
The first Australasian species of the halophilic pseudoscorpion genus Paraliochthonius (Pseudoscorpiones: Chthoniidae)
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2009
The systematic position of the Amazonian species of Albiorix (pseudoscorpiones, ideoroncidae)
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 08-2006
The Hercules pseudoscorpions from Madagascar: A systematic study of Feaellidae (Pseudoscorpiones: Feaelloidea) highlights regional endemism and diversity in one of the “hottest” biodiversity hotspots
Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
Date: 14-12-2022
Abstract: Madagascar is amongst the “hottest” bio ersity hotspots with extreme levels of ersity and endemism. Throughout the last decades, there has been substantial progress in documenting the Malagasy invertebrate fauna but no study has ever focused on pseudoscorpions (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones) in the arachnid fauna. Here we review the Malagasy fauna of Hercules pseudoscorpions (family Feaellidae), which are common in soil habitats of arid biomes across Madagascar. Using morphology and molecular data, we recover three reciprocally monophyletic clades that correspond to three new genera in well-defined biogeographical regions and identify twelve new species: Antsiarananaella gen. nov. for Antsirananaella lorenzorum sp. nov. , Antsiarananaella leniae sp. nov. , Antsiarananaella faulstichi sp. nov. and Antsiarananaella marlae sp. nov. Mahajanganella gen. nov. for Mahajanganella fridakahloae sp. nov. , Mahajanganella heraclis sp. nov. and Mahajanganella schwarzeneggeri sp. nov. Toliaranella gen. nov. for Toliaranella fisheri sp. nov. , Toliaranella griswoldi sp. nov. , Toliaranella mahnerti sp. nov. , Toliaranella meridionalis sp. nov. and Toliaranella pumila sp. nov. Local endemism in this fauna is high and most species have small distributions, ranging from 20 km to 350 km linearly. Genetic distances between populations are also high, suggesting restricted dispersal or selection against dispersal in this fauna. Species’ ranges seem to be delimited by geological barriers including volcanic fields (Ambre-Bobaomby in the north of Madagascar), mountain ranges (foothills of the Central Highland Plateau), and rivers (Manankolana, Mandrare, Manombo and Onilahy Rivers and their anabranches), but mainly by different biome habitats. Overall, Madagascar emerges as a global “hotspot” of feaellid radiation and these animals may be used in future studies to test biogeographical hypotheses across xeric biomes on this island.
Comprehensive Species Sampling and Sophisticated Algorithmic Approaches Refute the Monophyly of Arachnida
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 02-2022
Abstract: Deciphering the evolutionary relationships of Chelicerata (arachnids, horseshoe crabs, and allied taxa) has proven notoriously difficult, due to their ancient rapid radiation and the incidence of elevated evolutionary rates in several lineages. Although conflicting hypotheses prevail in morphological and molecular data sets alike, the monophyly of Arachnida is nearly universally accepted, despite historical lack of support in molecular data sets. Some phylotranscriptomic analyses have recovered arachnid monophyly, but these did not s le all living orders, whereas analyses including all orders have failed to recover Arachnida. To understand this conflict, we assembled a data set of 506 high-quality genomes and transcriptomes, s ling all living orders of Chelicerata with high occupancy and rigorous approaches to orthology inference. Our analyses consistently recovered the nested placement of horseshoe crabs within a paraphyletic Arachnida. This result was insensitive to variation in evolutionary rates of genes, complexity of the substitution models, and alternative algorithmic approaches to species tree inference. Investigation of sources of systematic bias showed that genes and sites that recover arachnid monophyly are enriched in noise and exhibit low information content. To test the impact of morphological data, we generated a 514-taxon morphological data matrix of extant and fossil Chelicerata, analyzed in tandem with the molecular matrix. Combined analyses recovered the clade Merostomata (the marine orders Xiphosura, Eurypterida, and Chasmataspidida), but merostomates appeared nested within Arachnida. Our results suggest that morphological convergence resulting from adaptations to life in terrestrial habitats has driven the historical perception of arachnid monophyly, paralleling the history of numerous other invertebrate terrestrial groups.
Where have all the spiders gone? The decline of a poorly known invertebrate fauna in the agricultural and arid zones of southern Australia
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-12-2016
DOI: 10.1111/AEN.12258
Systematics of the spiny trapdoor spiders of the genus Eucanippe (Mygalomorphae: Idiopidae: Aganippini) from south-western Australia: documenting a poorly-known lineage from Australia's biodiversity hotspot
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 04-2018
A new spider species of the genus Proshermacha (Mygalomorphae: Anamidae) from the Coolgardie and Murchison bioregions of Western Australia, collected on a Bush Blitz expedition
Publisher: Atlas of Living Australia
Date: 25-05-2023
DOI: 10.54102/AJT.OLXWD
Abstract: The open-holed trapdoor spider genus Proshermacha Simon, 1908 (Anamidae) currently contains ten species. The genus is known to occur from south-western Western Australia, through southern South Australia and into western Victoria. Here, we describe the first species from semi-arid Western Australia, from Credo Station Reserve and surroundings. Several specimens of this species, including the holotype, were collected on a Bush Blitz expedition to Credo Station Reserve, in 2011.
Phylogenomics of Scorpions Reveal Contemporaneous Diversification of Scorpion Mammalian Predators and Mammal-Active Sodium Channel Toxins
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 28-03-2022
Abstract: Scorpions constitute a charismatic lineage of arthropods and comprise more than 2500 described species. Found throughout various tropical and temperate habitats, these predatory arachnids have a long evolutionary history, with a fossil record that began in the Silurian. While all scorpions are venomous, the asymmetrically erse family Buthidae harbors nearly half the ersity of extant scorpions, and all but one of the 58 species that are medically significant to humans. However, the lack of a densely s led scorpion phylogeny has hindered broader inferences of the ersification dynamics of scorpion toxins. To redress this gap, we assembled a phylogenomic data set of 100 scorpion venom gland transcriptomes and genomes, emphasizing the s ling of highly toxic buthid genera. To infer ergence times of venom gene families, we applied a phylogenomic node dating approach for the species tree in tandem with phylostratigraphic bracketing to estimate the minimum ages of mammal-specific toxins. Our analyses establish a robustly supported phylogeny of scorpions, particularly with regard to relationships between medically significant taxa. Analysis of venom gene families shows that mammal-active sodium channel toxins (NaTx) have independently evolved in five lineages within Buthidae. Temporal windows of mammal-targeting toxin origins are correlated with the basal ersification of major scorpion mammal predators such as shrews, bats, and rodents. These results suggest an evolutionary model of relatively recent ersification of buthid NaTx homologs in response to the ersification of scorpion predators. [Adaptation arachnids phylogenomic dating phylostratigraphy venom.]
Further observations on Ideoblothrus (Pseudoscorpiones: Syarinidae) from subterranean environments in Australia
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2008
Phylogenetic relationships and biogeographic history of the Australian trapdoor spider genus Conothele (Araneae: Mygalomorphae: Halonoproctidae): diversification into arid habitats in an otherwise tropical radiation
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1071/IS18078
Abstract: In Australia, climate change and continental drift have given rise to a complex biota comprising mesic specialists, arid-adapted lineages, and taxa that have arrived on the continent from Asia. We explore the phylogenetic ersity and biogeographic history of the Australian trapdoor spider genus Conothele Thorell, 1878 that is widespread in Australia’s monsoonal tropics and arid zone. We sequenced three mtDNA and five nuDNA markers from 224 specimens. We reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships among specimens and estimated the number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) using species delimitation methods. The timing of ergences was estimated and ancestral area reconstructions were conducted. We recovered 61 OTUs, grouped into four major clades a single clade represented by an arboreal ecomorph, and three fossorial clades. The Australian Conothele had a crown age of ~19 million years, and ancestral area reconstructions showed a complex history with multiple transitions among the monsoonal tropics, central arid zone, south-west and Pilbara bioregion. Conothele arrived on the continent during periods of biotic exchange with Asia. Since then, Conothele has colonised much of the Australian arid and monsoonal zones, during a period of climatic instability. The Pilbara bioregion harbours high lineage ersity, emphasising the role of climate refugia.
From Gondwana to GAAR landia: Evolutionary history and biogeography of ogre‐faced spiders (Deinopis)
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-09-2018
DOI: 10.1111/JBI.13431
Introducing the Australian Journal of Taxonomy, a new, fully-online, fully open-access journal for the rapid publication of new Australian species and other taxa
Publisher: Atlas of Living Australia
Date: 11-05-2022
DOI: 10.54102/AJT.QXI3R
Abstract: With this paper we introduce the Australian Journal of Taxonomy and outline its scope, rationale, workflow and governance. The journal is published by Taxonomy Australia, a national collaboration by the Australian taxonomic community. Australian Journal of Taxonomy is one of the world's first fully-online journals. Papers are born-digital and born-online: they are authored on the Australian Journal of Taxonomy online platform, and all subsequent steps (peer-review, editing, copy editing and publication) take place on that platform. At no stage does a paper in Australian Journal of Taxonomy need to exist as a document in a word-processing application. This fully-online processing substantially eases and accelerates workflows, and reduces the costs of production and publishing to a minimum. For these reasons, Australian Journal of Taxonomy is also diamond open access, with no access charges for either authors or readers. Australian Journal of Taxonomy is optimised for the rapid publication of new Australian taxa across all eukaryotic organismal groups (animals, fungi, plants etc.), and is part of the overarching strategy of Taxonomy Australia to substantially accelerate the discovery and taxonomic documentation of Australia's bio ersity.
The terrestrial invertebrate fauna of Barrow Island, Western Australia: A last word
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2013
Barcoding of mygalomorph spiders (Araneae:Mygalomorphae) in the Pilbara bioregion of Western Australia reveals a highly diverse biota
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1071/IS13058
Abstract: The Pilbara bioregion of Western Australia is an area that contains vast mineral deposits and unique ecosystems. To ensure that mineral deposits are mined with minimal impact on the natural environment, impact assessment surveys are required to determine what fauna and flora species are located within proposed development areas, in particular, by determining the distributions of short-range endemic species (SREs). One infraorder of Arachnida, the Mygalomorphae (trapdoor spiders and their kin), are frequently identified as SREs. These identifications are traditionally performed using morphological techniques however, only males can be reliably identified to species. Furthermore, the majority of species have not been formally described and males comprise only ~5% of specimens collected. To assess mygalomorph ersity and the distribution of species in the Pilbara, we employed a molecular barcoding approach. Sequence data from the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene were obtained from 1134 specimens, and analysed using Bayesian methods. Only a fraction of the total mygalomorph fauna of the Pilbara has been documented, and using a species boundary cut-off of 9.5% sequence ergence, we report an increase in species richness of 191%. Barcoding provides a rapid, objective method to help quantify mygalomorph species identifications and their distributions, and these data, in turn, provide crucial information that regulatory authorities can use to assess the environmental impacts of large-scale developments.
A new Mesozoic record of the pseudoscorpion family Garypinidae from Upper Cretaceous (Santonian) Ajkaite amber, Ajka area, Hungary
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2024
New species and records of the pseudoscorpion family Menthidae (Pseudoscorpiones)
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2013
The goblin spiders of the new endemic Australian genus cavisternum (Araneae: Oonopidae)
Publisher: American Museum of Natural History (BioOne sponsored)
Date: 04-03-2010
DOI: 10.1206/667.1
The millipede genus Antichiropus (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Paradoxosomatidae), part 2: species of the Great Western Woodlands region of Western Australia
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2014
The first goblin spiders of the genus Camptoscaphiella (Araneae: Oonopidae) from New Caledonia
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-2013
DOI: 10.1111/AEN.12010
Spatial distribution patterns of scorpions (Scorpiones) in the arid Pilbara region of Western Australia
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2010
Endovascular Therapy for Ischemic Stroke with Perfusion-Imaging Selection
Publisher: Massachusetts Medical Society
Date: 12-03-2015
Is the Australian subterranean fauna uniquely diverse?
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2010
DOI: 10.1071/IS10038
Abstract: Australia was historically considered a poor prospect for subterranean fauna but, in reality, the continent holds a great variety of subterranean habitats, with associated faunas, found both in karst and non-karst environments. This paper critically examines the ersity of subterranean fauna in several key regions for the mostly arid western half of Australia. We aimed to document levels of species richness for major taxon groups and examine the degree of uniqueness of the fauna. We also wanted to compare the composition of these ecosystems, and their origins, with other regions of subterranean ersity world-wide. Using information on the number of ‘described’ and ‘known’ invertebrate species (recognised based on morphological and/or molecular data), we predict that the total subterranean fauna for the western half of the continent is 4140 species, of which ~10% is described and 9% is ‘known’ but not yet described. The stygofauna, water beetles, ostracods and copepods have the largest number of described species, while arachnids dominate the described troglofauna. Conversely, copepods, water beetles and isopods are the poorest known groups with less than 20% described species, while hexapods (comprising mostly Collembola, Coleoptera, Blattodea and Hemiptera) are the least known of the troglofauna. Compared with other regions of the world, we consider the Australian subterranean fauna to be unique in its ersity compared with the northern hemisphere for three key reasons: the range and ersity of subterranean habitats is both extensive and novel direct faunal links to ancient Pangaea and Gondwana are evident, emphasising their early biogeographic history and Miocene aridification, rather than Pleistocene post-ice age driven ersification events (as is predicted in the northern hemisphere), are likely to have dominated Australia’s subterranean speciation explosion. Finally, we predict that the geologically younger, although more poorly studied, eastern half of the Australian continent is unlikely to be as erse as the western half, except for stygofauna in porous media. Furthermore, based on similar geology, palaeogeography and tectonic history to that seen in the western parts of Australia, southern Africa, parts of South America and India may also yield similar subterranean bio ersity to that described here.
The spider families Synotaxidae and Malkaridae (Arachnida: Araneae: Araneoidea) in Western Australia
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2009
A revised dated phylogeny of scorpions: Phylogenomic support for ancient divergence of the temperate Gondwanan family Bothriuridae
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.YMPEV.2018.01.003
Abstract: The scorpion family Bothriuridae occupies a subset of landmasses formerly constituting East and West temperate Gondwana, but its relationship to other scorpion families is in question. Whereas morphological data have strongly supported a sister group relationship of Bothriuridae and the superfamily Scorpionoidea, a recent phylogenomic analysis recovered a basal placement of bothriurids within Iurida, albeit s ling only a single exemplar. Here we reexamined the phylogenetic placement of the family Bothriuridae, s ling six bothriurid exemplars representing both East and West Gondwana, using transcriptomic data. Our results demonstrate that the sister group relationship of Bothriuridae to the clade ("Chactoidea" + Scorpionoidea) is supported by the inclusion of additional bothriurid taxa, and that this placement is insensitive to matrix completeness or partitioning by evolutionary rate. We also estimated ergence times within the order Scorpiones using multiple fossil calibrations, to infer whether the family Bothriuridae is sufficiently old to be characterized as a true Gondwanan lineage. We show that scorpions underwent ancient ersification between the Devonian and early Carboniferous. The age interval of the bothriurids s led (a derived group that excludes exemplars from South Africa) spans the timing of breakup of temperate Gondwana.
The open-holed trapdoor spiders (Mygalomorphae: Anamidae: Namea) of Australia’s D’Aguilar Range: revealing an unexpected subtropical hotspot of rainforest diversity
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 15-10-2020
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.4861.1.5
Abstract: The D’Aguilar Range of subtropical south-eastern Queensland (Australia), harbours an upland rainforest biota characterised by high levels of endemic ersity. Following recent phylogenetic and biogeographic research into the open-holed trapdoor spiders of the genus Namea Raven, 1984 (family Anamidae), remarkable levels of sympatry for a single genus of mygalomorph spiders were recorded from the D’Aguilar Range. It is now known that eight different species in the genus can be found in the D’Aguilar uplands, with five apparently endemic to rainforest habitats. In this paper we present a phylogenetic and taxonomic synopsis of the remarkable anamid fauna of the D’Aguilar Range: a key to the eight species is provided, and four new species of Namea are described (N. gloriosa sp. nov., N. gowardae sp. nov., N. nebo sp. nov. and N. nigritarsus sp. nov.). In shining a spotlight on the mygalomorph spiders of this region, we highlight the D’Aguilar Range as a hotspot of subtropical rainforest ersity, and an area of considerable conservation value.
Two new species of the goblin spider genus Cavisternum from tropical Australia (Araneae: Oonopidae)
Publisher: Queensland Museum
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.17082/J.2204-1478.58.2013.2013-13
Abstract: Two new species of the Australian endemic goblin spider genus Cavisternum are described from the Wongalara Wildlife Sanctuary located in the Northern Territory, Australia. Cavisternum gillespieae was found in a gully dominated by rainforest vegetation, and C. leichhardti occurred in open woodland environments.
The systematics of the pseudoscorpion family Ideoroncidae (Pseudoscorpiones: Neobisioidea) in the New World
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 11-2013
DOI: 10.1636/K13-42.1
Deep phylogeographic structuring of populations of the trapdoor spider Moggridgea tingle (Migidae) from southwestern Australia: Evidence for long-term refugia within refugia
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-06-2011
Protecting the innocent: studying short-range endemic taxa enhances conservation outcomes
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1071/IS11011
Abstract: A major challenge confronting many contemporary systematists is how to integrate standard taxonomic research with conservation outcomes. With a bio ersity crisis looming and ongoing impediments to taxonomy, how can systematic research continue to document species and infer the ‘Tree of Life’, and still maintain its significance to conservation science and to protecting the very species it strives to understand? Here we advocate a systematic research program dedicated to documenting short-range endemic taxa, which are species with naturally small distributions and, by their very nature, most likely to be threatened by habitat loss, habitat degradation and climate change. This research can dovetail with the needs of industry and government to obtain high-quality data to inform the assessment of impacts of major development projects that affect landscapes and their biological heritage. We highlight how these projects are assessed using criteria mandated by Western Australian legislation and informed by guidance statements issued by the Environmental Protection Authority (Western Australia). To illustrate slightly different biological scenarios, we also provide three case studies from the Pilbara region of Western Australia, which include ex les demonstrating a rapid rise in the collection and documentation of erse and previously unknown subterranean and surface faunas, as well as how biological surveys can clarify the status of species thought to be rare or potentially threatened. We argue that ‘whole of biota’ surveys (that include all invertebrates) are rarely fundable and are logistically impossible, and that concentrated research on some of the most vulnerable elements in the landscape – short-range endemics, including troglofauna and stygofauna – can help to enhance conservation and research outcomes.
Chelifer Geoffroy, 1762 (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpionida): proposed conservation
Publisher: Biodiversity Heritage Library
Date: 1987
DOI: 10.5962/BHL.PART.319
A review of the taxonomy and biology of pseudoscorpions of Nannowithius and Termitowithius (Pseudoscorpiones, Withiidae), inquilines of social insects
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 11-2015
Sicariomorpha, a New Myrmecophilous Goblin Spider Genus (Araneae, Oonopidae) Associated with Asian Army Ants
Publisher: American Museum of Natural History (BioOne sponsored)
Date: 23-11-2015
DOI: 10.1206/3843.1
The systematics and biology of the spider genus Nephila (Araneae:Nephilidae) in the Australasian region
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1071/IS05016
Abstract: Five species of the nephilid genus Nephila Leach are found in the Australasian region, which for the purposes of this study was defined as Australia and its dependencies (including Lord Howe I., Norfolk I., Christmas I., Cocos (Keeling) Is), New Guinea (including Papua New Guinea and the Indonesian province of West Papua), Solomon Is, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Fiji, Tonga, Niue, New Zealand and other parts of the south-west Pacific region. All species are redescribed and illustrated. Nephila pilipes (Fabricius) occurs in the closed forests of eastern and northern Australia, New Guinea, Solomon Is and Vanuatu (through to South-East Asia) N. plumipes (Latreille) is found in Australia (including Lord Howe I. and Norfolk I.), New Guinea, Vanuatu, Solomon Is and New Caledonia N. tetragnathoides (Walckenaer) inhabits Fiji, Tonga and Niue N. antipodiana (Walckenaer) occurs in northern Australia (as well as Christmas I.), New Guinea and Solomon Is (through to South-East Asia) and N. edulis (Labillardière) is found in Australia (including Cocos (Keeling) Is), New Guinea, New Zealand and New Caledonia. Epeira (Nephila) walckenaeri Doleschall, E. (N.) hasseltii Doleschall, N. maculata var. annulipes Thorell, N. maculata jalorensis Simon, N. maculata var. novae-guineae Strand, N. pictithorax Kulczyński, N. maculata var. flavornata Merian, N. pictithorax Kulczyński, N. maculata var. flavornata Merian, N. maculata piscatorum de Vis, and N. (N.) maculata var. lauterbachi Dahl are proposed as new synonyms of N. pilipes. Nephila imperialis var. novaemecklenburgiae Strand, N. ambigua Kulczyński, N. sarasinorum Merian and N. celebesiana Strand are proposed as new synonyms of N. antipodiana. Meta aerea Hogg, N. meridionalis Hogg, N. adelaidensis Hogg and N. meridionalis hermitis Hogg are proposed as new synonyms of N. edulis. Nephila picta Rainbow is removed from the synonymy of N. plumipes and treated as a synonym of N. edulis, and N. nigritarsis insulicola Pocock is removed from the synonymy of N. plumipes and treated as a synonym of N. antipodiana. Allozyme data demonstrate that N. pilipes is distinct at the 80% FD level from N. edulis, N. plumipes and N. tetragnathoides. Nephila plumipes and N. tetragnathoides, deemed to represent sister-taxa owing to the shared presence of a triangular protrusion of the male pedipalpal conductor, were found to differ at 15% FD in the genetic study. No genetic differentiation was found between 10 populations of N. edulis s led across mainland Australia. Species of the genus Nephila have been extensively used in ecological and behavioural studies, and the biology of Nephila species in the Australasian region is extensively reviewed and compared with studies on Nephila species from other regions of the world.
Chelifer museorum Leach, 1817 (currently Cheiridium museorum; Arachnida, Pseudoscorpionida): proposed conservation of the specific name
Publisher: Biodiversity Heritage Library
Date: 1991
DOI: 10.5962/BHL.PART.693
The oldest chthonioid pseudoscorpion Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Chthonioidea: Chthoniidae: A new genus and species from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2018
Two new species of the pseudoscorpion genus Cybella (Pseudoscorpiones: Feaellidae) from Malaysian caves
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2018
The millipede genus Antichiropus (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Paradoxosomatidae), part 1: redefinition of the genus and redescriptions of existing species
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2013
Taxonomy based on science is necessary for global conservation
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 14-03-2018
A molecular phylogeny of the temperate Gondwanan family Pettalidae (Arachnida, Opiliones, Cyphophthalmi) and the limits of taxonomic sampling
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 18-04-2016
DOI: 10.1111/ZOJ.12419
Three new species of cavernicolous goblin spiders (Araneae, Oonopidae) from Australia
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2007
<strong>Zoological Nomenclature and Electronic Publication—a reply to Dubois <em>et al.</em> (2013)</strong>
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 13-03-2014
PSEUDALBIORIX, A NEW GENUS OF IDEORONCIDAE (PSEUDOSCORPIONES, NEOBISIOIDEA) FROM CENTRAL AMERICA
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 12-2006
DOI: 10.1636/S05-28.1
Systematics of the spiny trapdoor spiders of the genus Cataxia (Mygalomorphae: Idiopidae) from south-western Australia: documenting a threatened fauna in a sky-island landscape
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 11-2017
THE FEMALE OF PHRYNUS EXSUL (AMBLYPYGI, PHRYNIDAE) FROM INDONESIA
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 04-2007
DOI: 10.1636/SH06-21.1
A review of the water mite family anisitsiellidae in australia (Acarina)
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 1990
DOI: 10.1071/IT9890629
Abstract: Based on a limited amount of new material, the Australian members of Anisitsiellidae are reviewed. Four new species are described: Mamersella ponderi, Rutacarus stygius, Anisitsiellides caledonia, and A. tabberabbera. Three new synonymies are proposed: Pseudatractides Nayar under Sigthoria Koenike, Australiotonia Cook under Anisitsiellides Lundblad, and Pseudatractides pyriformis Nayar under Sigthoria nilotica (Nordenskiold). Variation between populations of S. nilotica is investigated. Particular attention is given to the glandularia, and homologies are established between genera. A key to species is presented.
New species and records of the pseudoscorpion genus Geogarypus (Pseudoscorpiones: Geogarypidae) from India, Sri Lanka and New Guinea
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 14-03-2018
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.4394.3.7
Abstract: Two new pseudoscorpion species, Geogarypus muchmorei sp. nov. from India and G. klarae sp. nov. from Papua New Guinea, are described and illustrated. New data for G. sagittatus Beier, 1965 are reported and a supplementary description is given, based on a new specimen. New occurrences of G. longidigitatus (Rainbow, 1897) are recorded from Papua New Guinea and Sri Lanka.
In vivo impedance characterization of cortical recording electrodes shows dependence on electrode location and size
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 03-2018
Pseudoscorpion diversity and distribution in the West Indies: Sequence data confirm single island endemism for some clades, but not others
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 11-2016
DOI: 10.1636/R15-80.1
The first fossil of the pseudoscorpion family Ideoroncidae (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones): A new taxon from the mid-Cretaceous of northern Myanmar
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2022
Pezidae, a new freshwater mite family from australia (Acarina: Halacaroidea)
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 1990
DOI: 10.1071/IT9890771
Abstract: A new halacaroid family, Pezidae, is erected for the new genus Peza, with two new species Peza ops (type species) and Peza daps. P. ops has been widely collected in south-eastern Australia, while P. daps is known only from a single female taken from the gill chamber of a burrowing crayfish, Engaeus fultoni Smith & Schuster (Crustacea : Decapoda : Parastacidae), in the Otway Ranges, Victoria. During winter and spring, females of both species apparently attach their eggs to their hind legs. The Pezidae is regarded as the sister-group of the remaining Halacaroidea.
A new troglomorphic species of Austrochthonius (Pseudoscorpiones: Chthoniidae) from Australia, with remarks on Chthonius caecus
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2006
A novel symbiotic relationship between sociable weaver birds (Philetairus socius) and a new cheliferid pseudoscorpion (Pseudoscorpiones : Cheliferidae) in southern Africa
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1071/IS15027
Abstract: Birds harbour a wide array of other taxa in their nests or in their plumage, which either have an ectoparasitic or commensal relationship with the host. We report on the discovery of a cheliferid pseudoscorpion found in the plumage and nests of the sociable weaver bird (Philetairus socius) in southern Africa. The nests of these communal birds are the largest of any bird, and may contain up to 500 in iduals. The pseudoscorpion is likely to have a mutualistic relationship with the birds, most likely preying on other small invertebrates in the nests. Molecular data derived from two populations of the pseudoscorpion found ergence levels of 1.1% in cytochrome oxidase 1 (CO1), and an analysis of CO1 and two rRNA genes (18S and 28S) found a close relationship with Chelifer and Parachelifer in the tribe Cheliferini, which is supported by the morphology of the male genitalia. The molecular analysis also suggests that Beierius may not belong to the Cheliferini. The pseudoscorpion found in association with the sociable weaver represents a new genus and species, Sociochelifer metoecus Harvey, sp. nov.
How not to delimit taxa: a critique on a recently proposed “pragmatic classification” of jumping spiders (Arthropoda: Arachnida: Araneae: Salticidae)
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 17-01-2019
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.4545.3.10
Abstract: Modern taxonomy and systematics profit from an invaluable tool that has been developed in the course of more than a century by intense discussions and negotiations of generations of zoologists and palaeontologists: The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 1999, 2012). The main goal of the Code is “to promote stability and universality in the scientific names of animals and to ensure that the name of each taxon is unique and distinct” (Melville 1995, ICZN 1999: 2). The provisions of the Code are generally accepted and thoroughly applied by the scientific community. Exceptions, such as the one described below, are very rare.
A new species of Wuria K. Viets from Northern Australia (Acarina: Arrenuridae)
Publisher: Biodiversity Heritage Library
Date: 12-1989
DOI: 10.5962/P.262838
The First Cytogenetic Characterization of Atemnids: Pseudoscorpions with the Highest Chromosome Numbers (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones)
Publisher: S. Karger AG
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.1159/000339516
Abstract: The karyotypes of pseudoscorpions of the family Atemnidae (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones) were studied for the first time. Karyotype data for 7 species have been obtained. The diploid chromosome numbers of most species considerably exceed the numbers reported in pseudoscorpions so far, with males ranging between 65 and 143. In spite of this, the sex chromosome system of atemnids is characterized by the same features that are found in the majority of other pseudoscorpions with an X0 system the X chromosome is metacentric and is the largest chromosome or one of the largest chromosomes of the karyotype. Male meiotic cells of i Atemnus politus /i contain 1 or 2 autosome multivalents most specimens had 2 multivalents. The multivalents were composed of 4, 6, 8 or 10 chromosomes. Multivalent number and structure was consistent within each of the studied in iduals. The same number of chromosomes in all of the males examined suggests that multivalents are generated by reciprocal translocations. The high ersity of multivalents suggests considerable range of translocation heterozygosity in the studied population.
Grymeus, a new genus of pouched oonopid spider from Australia (Chelicerata: Araneae)
Publisher: Museums Victoria
Date: 1987
Molecular phylogenetics of the spider family Micropholcommatidae (Arachnida: Araneae) using nuclear rRNA genes (18S and 28S)
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2008
DOI: 10.1016/J.YMPEV.2007.11.001
Abstract: The spider family Micropholcommatidae is an enigmatic taxon of uncertain limits and uncertain affinities. Various phylogenetic hypotheses have been proposed for the family, but these hypotheses have never been tested with a robust phylogenetic analysis. The existence of similar Australasian and New World taxa, the possibility of morphological convergence associated with extreme 'smallness', and the apparent paucity of synapomorphic morphological characters, have all clouded generic relationships in this group. We used fragments from two nuclear ribosomal RNA genes (18S and 28S) to test the monophyly and phylogenetic position of the Micropholcommatidae. The analyses incorporated 50 ingroup spider species, including 23 micropholcommatid species and representatives from 14 other spider families. Ribosomal RNA secondary structures were inferred for the V3-V5 region of the 18S rRNA gene, and Domain II of the 28S rRNA gene of Hickmania troglodytes [Higgins, E.T., Petterd, W.F., 1883. Description of a new cave-inhabiting spider, together with notes on mammalian remains from a recently discovered cave in the Chudleigh district. Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasman. 1882, 191-192]. These secondary structures were used to guide multiple sequence alignments, and determine the position and nature of indels in different taxa. Secondary structure information was also incorporated into a structurally partitioned rRNA analysis in MrBayes Version 3.1.2, using a doublet model of nucleotide substitution. This structurally partitioned rRNA analysis provided a less resolved but more conservative and informative estimate of phylogeny than an otherwise identical, unpartitioned rDNA analysis. With the exception of the Chilean species Teutoniella cekalovici [Platnick, N.I., Forster, R.R., 1986. On Teutoniella, an American genus of the spider family Micropholcommatidae (Araneae, Palpimanoidea). Am. Mus. Novit. 2854, 1-9], the family Micropholcommatidae was found to be monophyletic with three monophyletic sub-lineages-congruent with the Micropholcommatinae, Textricellinae, and a group of 'taphiassine' species. Teutoniella cekalovici never grouped with the other micropholcommatid taxa, and could not be assigned to any family group with confidence.
Order Pseudoscorpiones de Geer, 1778. In: Zhang, Z.-Q. (Ed.) Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 23-12-2011
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.3148.1.20
Abstract: -
The pseudoscorpion genus Verrucachernes (Pseudoscorpiones: Chernetidae) in the Indian region
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 20-03-2019
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.4568.2.8
Abstract: The pseudoscorpion genus Verrucachernes Chamberlin, 1947 is widely distributed in the Old World tropics, with three named Australasian and West Pacific species and two from Africa. A review of some pseudoscorpions described from India has revealed that Withius parvus Beier, 1930 (currently in the genus Metawithius) and Pselaphochernes indicus Beier, 1974 are misplaced and actually belong to the genus Verrucachernes Chamberlin, 1947, forming the new combinations V. parvus (Beier, 1930) comb. nov. and V. indicus (Beier, 1974) comb. nov., respectively. Both species possess the single, large, rounded spermatheca and other features typical of Verrucachernes.
Two new species of Synsphyronus (Pseudoscorpiones: Garypidae) from southern Western Australian granite landforms
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2010
Patterns in the composition of ground-dwelling spider communities in the Pilbara bioregion, Western Australia
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2010
Order pseudoscorpiones
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 30-08-2013
First reported observation of phoresy of pseudoscorpions on an endemic New Zealand mammal, the lesser short-tailed bat, Mystacina tuberculata
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 25-09-2015
First global molecular phylogeny and biogeographical analysis of two arachnid orders (Schizomida and Uropygi) supports a tropical Pangean origin and mid‐Cretaceous diversification
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-08-2017
DOI: 10.1111/JBI.13076
The systematics of the hyidae (Pseudoscorpionida: Neobisioidea)
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 1993
DOI: 10.1071/IT9930001
Abstract: The Hyidae are redefined and three new synapomorphies are recognised which define the family: basi-dorsal mound on femora I and 11 minute setae on female sternite 11 and 2–3 stout setae on the pedipalpal femur. Three genera are included: Hya Chamberlin, with H. rninuta (Tullgren) and H. chamberlini, sp, nov. Indohya Beier, with I. besucheti Beier, I. caecata Beier, I. panops, sp. nov., I. beieri, sp, nov., I. pusilla, sp. nov. and I. typhlops, sp. nov. and Hyella, gen. nov., with H. humphreysi, sp. nov. (type species), the first known cavernicolous species of the family. Hya heterodonta Chamberlin is considered a junior synonym of Ideobisium minutum Tullgren. The Hyidae are ided into two subfamilies, Hyinae for Hya, and Indohyinae, subfam. nov., for Indohya and Hyella. A new distribution record is given for Tyrannochthonius krakatau Harvey (Chthoniidae), based on part of the type series of I. minutum.
Pseudoscorpions of the family Feaellidae (Pseudoscorpiones:Feaelloidea) from the Pilbara region of Western Australia show extreme short-range endemism
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1071/IS16013
Abstract: The phylogenetic relationships of the Australian species of Feaellidae are assessed with a molecular analysis using mitochondrial (CO1) and nuclear (ITS2) data. These results confirm the morphological analysis that three previously undescribed species occur in the Pilbara bioregion, which are named and described: Feaella (Tetrafeaella) callani, sp. nov., F. (T.) linetteae, sp. nov. and F. (T.) tealei, sp. nov. The males of these three species, as well as males of F. anderseni Harvey and other unnamed species from the Kimberley region of north-western Australia, have a pair of enlarged, thick-walled bursa that are not found in other feaellids. Despite numerous environmental impact surveys for short-range endemic invertebrates in the Pilbara, very few specimens have been collected, presumably due to their relictual distributions, restricted habitat preferences and low densities. rn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:131F0587-F2EE-405F-BE5A-772F072D9915
The first troglobitic species of Gymnobisiidae (Pseudoscorpiones : Neobisioidea), from Table Mountain (Western Cape Province, South Africa) and its phylogenetic position
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1071/IS15044
Abstract: Fully troglobitic pseudoscorpions are rare in the Afrotropical Region, and we explored the identity and phylogenetic relationships of specimens of a highly modified troglobite of the family Gymnobisiidae in the dark zone of the Wynberg Cave system, on Table Mountain, South Africa. This large pseudoscorpion – described as Gymnobisium inukshuk Harvey & Giribet, sp. nov. – lacks eyes and has extremely long appendages, and has been found together with other troglobitic fauna endemic only to this cave system. Phylogenetic analyses using the nuclear ribosomal genes 18S rRNA and 28S rRNA and the mitochondrial protein-encoding gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I unambiguously place the new species with other surface Gymnobisium from South Africa. This placement receives strong support and is stable to analytical treatments, including static and dynamic homology, parsimony and maximum likelihood, and data removal for ambiguously aligned sites. This species is the first troglobitic species of the family and one of the most highly modified pseudoscorpions from the Afrotropical Region. rn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:5227092B-A64B-4DB3-AD90-F474F0BA6AED
A Case for Below-Ground Dispersal? Insights into the Biology, Ecology and Conservation of Blind Cave Spiders in the Genus Troglodiplura (Mygalomorphae: Anamidae)
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 10-05-2023
Abstract: Previously described from only fragments of exoskeleton and juvenile specimens, the cave spider genus Troglodiplura (Araneae: Anamidae), endemic to the Nullarbor Plain, is the only troglomorphic member of the infraorder Mygalomorphae recorded from Australia. We investigated the distribution of Troglodiplura in South Australia, collecting and observing the first (intact) mature specimens, widening the number of caves it has been recorded in, and documenting threats to conservation. Phylogenetic analyses support the placement of Troglodiplura as an independent lineage within the subfamily Anaminae (the ‘Troglodiplura group’) and provide unequivocal evidence that populations from apparently isolated cave systems are conspecifics of T. beirutpakbarai Harvey & Rix, 2020, with extremely low or negligible inter-population mitochondrial ergences. This is intriguing evidence for recent or contemporary subterranean dispersal of these large, troglomorphic spiders. Observations of adults and juvenile spiders taken in the natural cave environment, and supported by observations in captivity, revealed the use of crevices within caves as shelters, but no evidence of silk use for burrow construction, contrasting with the typical burrowing behaviours seen in other Anamidae. We identify a range of threats posed to the species and to the fragile cave ecosystem, and provide recommendations for further research to better define the distribution of vulnerable taxa within caves and identify actions needed to protect them.
Description of the postlarval stages of Dactylochelifer gracilis Beier, pseudoscorpiones: Cheliferidae
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1155/2013/782638
Abstract: A study of the free-living developmental stages of Dactylochelifer gracilis Beier, 1951, is presented based on 68 specimens of all nymphal and adult stages, collected from two locations in Iran. Basic differences of all stages are characterized by size, pedipalpal ratios, and the addition of trichobothria and setae during development.
A revision of the textricellin spider genus Raveniella (Araneae: Araneoidea: Micropholcommatidae): Exploring patterns of phylogeny and biogeography in an Australian biodiversity hotspot
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2010
DOI: 10.1071/IS09048
Abstract: South-western Western Australia is a bio ersity hotspot, with high levels of local endemism and a rich but largely undescribed terrestrial invertebrate fauna. Very few phylogeographic studies have been undertaken on south-western Australian invertebrate taxa, and almost nothing is known about historical biogeographic or cladogenic processes, particularly on the relatively young, speciose Quaternary sand dune habitats of the Swan Coastal Plain. Phylogeographic and taxonomic patterns were studied in textricellin micropholcommatid spiders belonging to the genus Raveniella Rix & Harvey. The Micropholcommatidae is a family of small spiders with a widespread distribution in southern Western Australia, and most species are spatially restricted to refugial microhabitats. In total, 340 specimens of Raveniella were collected from 36 surveyed localities on the Swan Coastal Plain and 17 non-Swan Coastal Plain reference localities in south-western Western Australia. Fragments from three nuclear rRNA genes (5.8S, 18S and ITS2), and one mitochondrial protein-coding gene (COI) were used to infer the phylogeny of the genus Raveniella, and to examine phylogeographic patterns on the Swan Coastal Plain. Five new species of Raveniella are described from Western Australia (R. arenacea, sp. nov., R. cirrata, sp. nov., R. janineae, sp. nov., R. mucronata, sp. nov. and R. subcirrata, sp. nov.), along with a single new species from south-eastern Australia (R. apopsis, sp. nov.). Four species of Raveniella were found on the Swan Coastal Plain: two with broader distributions in the High Rainfall and Transitional Rainfall Zones (R. peckorum Rix & Harvey, R. cirrata) and two endemic to the Swan Coastal Plain, found only on the western-most Quindalup dunes (R. arenacea, R. subcirrata). Two coastally restricted species (R. subcirrata, R. janineae) were found to be morphologically cryptic but genetically highly distinct, with female specimens morphologically indistinguishable from their respective sister-taxa (R. cirrata and R. peckorum). The greater Perth region is an important biogeographic overlap zone for all four Swan Coastal Plain species, where the ranges of two endemic coastal species join the northern and south-western limits of the ranges of R. peckorum and R. cirrata, respectively. Most species of Raveniella were found to occupy long, highly autapomorphic molecular branches exhibiting little intraspecific variation, and an analysis of ITS2 rRNA secondary structures among different species of Raveniella revealed the presence of an extraordinary hypervariable helix, ranging from 31 to over 400 nucleotides in length.
On the proposed designation of Foenus unguiculatus Westwood, 1841 as the type species of Pseudofoenus Kieffer, 1902 (Insecta, Hymenoptera)
Publisher: Biodiversity Heritage Library
Date: 1997
DOI: 10.5962/BHL.PART.106
The status of the pseudoscorpion genus Indogarypus Beier, 1957 with new descriptions of three species of Geogarypus Chamberlin, 1930 (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Geogarypidae)
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 27-04-2019
The first troglomorphic pseudoscorpion of the family Olpiidae (Pseudoscorpiones), with remarks on the composition of the family
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2008
The first New World species of the pseudoscorpion family Feaellidae (Pseudoscorpiones: Feaelloidea) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 08-2016
DOI: 10.1636/JOA-S-16-007
The first record of pseudoscorpions in honeybee hives in Turkey
Publisher: The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK-ULAKBIM) - DIGITAL COMMONS JOURNALS
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.3906/VET-1207-7
Phylogenetic relationships of the Australasian open-holed trapdoor spiders (Araneae: Mygalomorphae: Nemesiidae: Anaminae): multi-locus molecular analyses resolve the generic classification of a highly
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 13-03-2018
Australian goblin spiders of the genus ischnothyreus (Araneae, Oonopidae)
Publisher: American Museum of Natural History (BioOne sponsored)
Date: 06-06-2014
DOI: 10.1206/865.1
The Australasian spiny trapdoor spiders of the family Idiopidae (Mygalomorphae : Arbanitinae): a relimitation and revision at the generic level
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1071/IS16065
Abstract: The Australasian spiny trapdoor spiders of the family Idiopidae (subfamily Arbanitinae) are revised at the generic level, using a multi-locus molecular phylogenetic foundation and comprehensive s ling of all known lineages. We propose a new family- and genus-group classification for the monophyletic Australasian fauna, and recognise 10 genera in four tribes. The Arbanitini Simon includes Arbanitis L. Koch, 1874 (61 species), Blakistonia Hogg, 1902 (one species) and Cantuaria Hogg, 1902 (43 species). The Aganippini Simon includes Bungulla Rix, Main, Raven & Harvey, gen. nov. (two species), Eucanippe Rix, Main, Raven & Harvey, gen. nov. (one species), Eucyrtops Pocock, 1897 (two species), Gaius Rainbow, 1914 (one species) and Idiosoma Ausserer, 1871 (14 species). The Cataxiini Rainbow and Euoplini Rainbow include just Cataxia Rainbow, 1914 (11 species) and Euoplos Rainbow, 1914 (12 species), respectively. Two distinctive new genera of Aganippini are described from Western Australia, and several previously valid genera are recognised as junior synonyms of existing genus-group names, including Misgolas Karsch, 1878 (= Arbanitis new synonymy), Aganippe O. P.-Cambridge, 1877 (= Idiosoma new synonymy) and Anidiops Pocock, 1897 (= Idiosoma new synonymy). Gaius stat. rev. is further removed from synonymy of Anidiops. Other previously hypothesised generic synonyms are supported by both morphology and molecular phylogenetic data from 12 genes, including the synonymy of Neohomogona Main, 1985 and Homogona Rainbow, 1914 with Cataxia, and the synonymy of Albaniana Rainbow & Pulleine, 1918, Armadalia Rainbow & Pulleine, 1918, Bancroftiana Rainbow & Pulleine, 1918 and Tambouriniana Rainbow & Pulleine, 1918 with Euoplos. At the species level, the identifications of Eucy. latior (O. P.-Cambridge, 1877) and I. manstridgei (Pocock, 1897) are clarified, and three new species are described: Bungulla bertmaini Rix, Main, Raven & Harvey, sp. nov., Eucanippe bifida Rix, Main, Raven & Harvey, sp. nov. and Idiosoma galeosomoides Rix, Main, Raven & Harvey, sp. nov., the latter remarkable for its phragmotic abdominal morphology. The Tasmanian species Mygale annulipes C. L. Koch, 1842 is here transferred to the genus Stanwellia Rainbow & Pulleine, 1918 (family Nemesiidae), comb. nov., Arbanitis mestoni Hickman, 1928 is transferred to Cantuaria, comb. nov. and Idiosoma hirsutum Main, 1952 is synonymised with I. sigillatum (O. P.-Cambridge, 1870), new synonymy. In addition to the morphological synopses and an illustrated key to genera, molecular diagnoses are presented for all nominal taxa, along with live habitus and burrow images to assist in field identification. The Australasian idiopid fauna is highly erse, with numerous new species known from all genera. As a result, this study provides a taxonomic and nomenclatural foundation for future species-level analyses, and a single reference point for the monographic documentation of a remarkable fauna. zoobank.org/?lsid=urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:BACE065D-1EF9-40C6-9134-AADC9235FAD8
A new species of Austrarchaea (Araneae: Archaeidae) from Western Australia
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2001
Molecular and morphological evidence for a new genus of small trapdoor spiders from arid Western Australia (Araneae : Mygalomorphae : Nemesiidae : Anaminae)
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1071/IS16061
Abstract: The trapdoor spider family Nemesiidae comprises 14 genera in Australia, the majority of which are included in the subfamily Anaminae. Here we provide evidence from a multigene molecular analysis of most Australian genera of Anaminae for a previously unrecognised clade that also differs from its sister-genus, Aname L. Koch, by the lack of a prominent asetose ventral depression on the pedipalpal tibia and the medium-sized mating spur on tibia I of males. This depression is a characteristic of all species of Aname examined to date, and represents a newly recognised character system in the subfamily. The new genus, named Hesperonatalius, is represented by three new species – H. maxwelli, sp. nov., H. harrietae, sp. nov. and H. langlandsi, sp. nov. – all from arid Western Australia. zoobank.org/References/D5352390-5D21-49DD-A123-A074422EB860
Systematics of the Australian spiny trapdoor spiders of the genus Blakistonia Hogg (Araneae: Idiopidae)
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 12-11-2018
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.4518.1.1
Abstract: A combined molecular and morphological approach was used to revise the Australian spiny trapdoor spiders of the genus Blakistonia Hogg. Where possible, our molecular approach used sequence data from the COI barcoding gene, which were analysed using Bayesian, RAxML and neighbour-joining approaches. These molecular data were combined with morphology to describe and diagnose the genus, to redescribe the type (and only previously valid) species, B. aurea Hogg, 1902, and to diagnose, describe and map 19 new species: B. bassi sp. n., B. bella sp. n., B. birksi sp. n., B. carnarvon sp. n., B. emmottiorum sp. n., B. gemmelli sp. n., B. hortoni sp. n., B. mainae sp. n., B. maryae sp. n., B. newtoni sp. n., B. nullarborensis sp. n., B. olea sp. n., B. parva sp. n., B. pidax sp. n., B. plata sp. n., B. raveni sp. n., B. tariae sp. n., B. tunstilli sp. n., and B. wingellina sp. n. The genus Blakistonia is found to be distributed throughout the Australian arid and semi-arid zones, from the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia to central Queensland and western Victoria.
Case 3736 — Garypus latus Hansen, 1884 (currently Larca lata; Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones): proposed precedence over Garypushungaricus Tömösváry, 1882
Publisher: The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature
Date: 31-05-2018
A preliminary phylogeny for the pseudoscorpion family Garypinidae (Pseudoscorpiones: Garypinoidea), with new taxa and remarks on the Australasian fauna
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 26-09-0028
DOI: 10.1071/IS23029
Australian Assassins, Part I: A review of the Assassin Spiders (Araneae: Archaeidae) of mid-eastern Australia
Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
Date: 15-08-2011
A modified definition of the genus Haplochernes (Pseudoscorpiones: Chernetidae), with a new species from Hainan Island
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 04-2017
Australian Water Mites
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 1998
Abstract: Water mites are a dominant feature of the fauna of all freshwater ecosystems. Over 400 species in 87 genera and 22 families have been recorded in Australia. This book consists of illustrated keys to each family and genus. There are sections on cladistic analysis and classification, biogeographic affinities of the Australian fauna, general biology and morphology.
A review of the pseudoscorpion genus Ideoblothrus (Pseudoscorpiones, Syarinidae) from western and northern Australia
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 26-03-2007
Notes on some Old World schizomids of the genera Ovozomus and Schizomus (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae)
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2011
Systematics of the giant spiny trapdoor spiders of the genus Gaius Rainbow (Mygalomorphae: Idiopidae: Aganippini): documenting an iconic lineage of the Western Australian inland arid zone
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 11-2018
Three new species of the pseudoscorpion genus Synsphyronus (Pseudoscorpiones: Garypidae) from semi-arid Western Australia
Publisher: Atlas of Living Australia
Date: 31-08-2022
DOI: 10.54102/AJT.4CGRN
Abstract: The pseudoscorpion genus Synsphyronus is widely distributed in the Australasian region, with 37 species described from Australia, two from New Zealand and one from New Caledonia. This paper describes three new species from semi-arid regions of Western Australia, Synsphyronus alisonae, sp. nov., Synsphyronus spatiosus, sp. nov. and Synsphyronus tenuis, sp. nov., which all inhabit saxicolous habitats.
Biogeography and speciation of terrestrial fauna in the south-western Australian biodiversity hotspot
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-08-2014
DOI: 10.1111/BRV.12132
Abstract: The south-western land ision of Western Australia (SWWA), bordering the temperate Southern and Indian Oceans, is the only global bio ersity hotspot recognised in Australia. Renowned for its extraordinary ersity of endemic plants, and for some of the largest and most botanically significant temperate heathlands and woodlands on Earth, SWWA has long fascinated biogeographers. Its flat, highly weathered topography and the apparent absence of major geographic factors usually implicated in biotic ersification have challenged attempts to explain patterns of biogeography and mechanisms of speciation in the region. Botanical studies have always been central to understanding the bio ersity values of SWWA, although surprisingly few quantitative botanical analyses have allowed for an understanding of historical biogeographic processes in both space and time. Faunistic studies, by contrast, have played little or no role in defining hotspot concepts, despite several decades of accumulating quantitative research on the phylogeny and phylogeography of multiple lineages. In this review we critically analyse datasets with explicit supporting phylogenetic data and estimates of the time since ergence for all available elements of the terrestrial fauna, and compare these datasets to those available for plants. In situ speciation has played more of a role in shaping the south-western Australian fauna than has long been supposed, and has occurred in numerous endemic lineages of freshwater fish, frogs, reptiles, snails and less-vagile arthropods. By contrast, relatively low levels of endemism are found in birds, mammals and highly dispersive insects, and in situ speciation has played a negligible role in generating local endemism in birds and mammals. Quantitative studies provide evidence for at least four mechanisms driving patterns of endemism in south-western Australian animals, including: (i) relictualism of ancient Gondwanan or Pangaean taxa in the High Rainfall Province (ii) vicariant isolation of lineages west of the Nullarbor ide (iii) in situ speciation and (iv) recent population sub ision. From dated quantitative studies we derive four testable models of historical biogeography for animal taxa in SWWA, each explicit in providing a spatial, temporal and topological perspective on patterns of speciation or ergence. For each model we also propose candidate lineages that may be worthy of further study, given what we know of their taxonomy, distributions or relationships. These models formalise four of the strongest patterns seen in many animal taxa from SWWA, although other models are clearly required to explain particular, idiosyncratic patterns. Generating numerous new datasets for suites of co-occurring lineages in SWWA will help refine our understanding of the historical biogeography of the region, highlight gaps in our knowledge, and allow us to derive general postulates from quantitative (rather than qualitative) results. For animals, this process has now begun in earnest, as has the process of taxonomically documenting many of the more erse invertebrate lineages. The latter remains central to any attempt to appreciate holistically biogeographic patterns and processes in SWWA, and molecular phylogenetic studies should - where possible - also lead to tangible taxonomic outcomes.
The Schizomida (Chelicerata) of Australia
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 1992
DOI: 10.1071/IT9920077
Abstract: A revision of the Schizomida known to occur in Australia reveals five new genera (Draculoides, Apozomus, Bamazomus, Notozomus and Julattenius) and 25 species, 24 of which are newly described: Draculoides (type and only species, Schizomus vinei Harvey) Apozomus (type species A. watsoni, and A. alligator, A. cactus, A. gunn, A. mainae, A. nob, A. pellew, A. radon, A. rupina, A. spec, A. weipa, A. weiri, A. woodwardi and A. yirrkala) Bamazomus (type species B. bamaga) Notozomus (type species N. aterpes, and N. daviesae, N. ingham, N. ker, N. monteithi, N. raveni and N. rentzi) and Julattenius (type species J. lawrencei, and J. cooloola). Three new combinations are proposed for non-Australian taxa: Apozomus daitoensis (Shimojana), A. yamasakii (Cokendolpher) and Bamazomus siamensis (Hansen). A new notation for identifying homologous setae of the flagellum is introduced.
Water mites of the genus Aspidobates from Victoria, Australia, with the description of two new species (Chelicerata: Acarina: Hygrobatidae)
Publisher: Museums Victoria
Date: 1988
Of spates and species: responses by interstitial water mites to simulated spates in a subtropical Australian river
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2004
DOI: 10.1023/B:APPA.0000044445.30246.B2
Abstract: The 'hyporheic refuge hypothesis' predicts that the hyporheic zone, the saturated sediments below and alongside rivers and streams, is a refuge from the scouring effects of spates for many aquatic invertebrates including water mites. We tested this hypothesis in two lateral gravel bars and two riffles in a subtropical Australian river by collecting water mites from the hyporheic zone at two depths (10 and 50 cm) at two 'pre-flood' s ling times before experimentally erting water through the sites for 14 h to simulate a spate. Taxon richness of mites washigh (46 taxa) and dominated by the Prostigmata, with nearly half the species being new to science. Oribatids were also common at the four sites. S les were collected twice during each 'spate', and again soon after flow was returned to normal. The experimental spate induced changes in the strength and even direction of subsurface-surface water exchange however, these changes seldom persisted after the experiment, nor after a subsequent natural spate. The hyporheic refuge hypothesis was not supported by our water mite data. Neither during nor shortly after the experimental spates did we find more epigean (surface-dwelling) water mites in downwelling zones where surface streamwater enters the hyporheic zone, demonstrating that these mites were not using the hyporheic zone as a refuge at these locations. There was also no evidence for a 'wash out' effect, because hyporheic mitedensities did not significantly decline late in the spate. Our data indicate that floods of the low magnitude simulated in this study apparently do not pose a lasting disturbance for hypogean water mites. The fact that the same response was found at four sites indicates that the hyporheic refuge hypothesis may not always be an appropriate explanation for rapid post-flood recolonisation. Possibly, the use of the hyporheic zone as a refuge from floods may be dictated by the strength of the disturbance and substrate composition and stability.
A New Species ofUrodacus(Scorpiones: Urodacidae) from Western Australia
Publisher: American Museum of Natural History (BioOne sponsored)
Date: 06-2012
DOI: 10.1206/3748.2
New Species in the Old World: Europe as a Frontier in Biodiversity Exploration, a Test Bed for 21st Century Taxonomy
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 23-05-2012
A biogeographic survey of the southern Carnarvon Basin, Western Australia: background and methods
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2000
Conservation systematics of the shield-backed trapdoor spiders of the nigrum-group (Mygalomorphae, Idiopidae, Idiosoma): integrative taxonomy reveals a diverse and threatened fauna from south-western
Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
Date: 09-05-2018
DOI: 10.3897/ZOOKEYS.756.24397
Abstract: The aganippine shield-backed trapdoor spiders of the monophyletic nigrum -group of Idiosoma Ausserer s. l. are revised, and 15 new species are described from Western Australia and the Eyre Peninsula of South Australia: I.arenaceum Rix & Harvey, sp. n. , I.corrugatum Rix & Harvey, sp. n. , I.clypeatum Rix & Harvey, sp. n. , I.dandaragan Rix & Harvey, sp. n. , I.formosum Rix & Harvey, sp. n. , I.gardneri Rix & Harvey, sp. n. , I.gutharuka Rix & Harvey, sp. n. , I.incomptum Rix & Harvey, sp. n. , I.intermedium Rix & Harvey, sp. n. , I.jarrah Rix & Harvey, sp. n. , I.kopejtkaorum Rix & Harvey, sp. n. , I.kwongan Rix & Harvey, sp. n. , I.mcclementsorum Rix & Harvey, sp. n. , I.mcnamarai Rix & Harvey, sp. n. , and I.schoknechtorum Rix & Harvey, sp. n. Two previously described species from south-western Western Australia, I.nigrum Main, 1952 and I.sigillatum (O. P.-Cambridge, 1870), are re-illustrated and re-diagnosed, and complementary molecular data for 14 species and seven genes are analysed with Bayesian methods. Members of the nigrum -group are of long-standing conservation significance, and I.nigrum is the only spider in Australia to be afforded threatened species status under both State and Commonwealth legislation. Two other species, I.formosum Rix & Harvey, sp. n. and I.kopejtkaorum Rix & Harvey, sp. n. , are also formally listed as Endangered under Western Australian State legislation. Here we significantly relimit I.nigrum to include only those populations from the central and central-western Wheatbelt bioregion, and further document the known ersity and conservation status of all known species.
Systematics of the Gondwanan pseudoscorpion family hyidae (Pseudoscorpiones:Neobisioidea): New data and a revised phylogenetic hypothesis
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1071/IS05030
Abstract: The neobisioid pseudoscorpion family Hyidae has a distribution spanning the margins of the Indian Ocean and its phylogenetic position has been suggested to lie midway between a clade containing the Bochidae and Ideoroncidae, and a clade containing the remaining neobisioid families, Gymnobisiidae, Neobisiidae, Parahyidae and Syarinidae. Their central position within the Neobisioidea, and their biogeographic patterns, have prompted the present study, which is designed to test the monophyly of the family, deduce the phylogeny of all known hyids and to describe several newly discovered species. The phylogenetic analysis of the 14 species of the pseudoscorpion family Hyidae along with 20 other species of Neobisioidea demonstrates the monophyly of the family and its distinctness from all other neobisioid families. Two genera, Hya Chamberlin and Indohya Beier, are recognised, even though the phylogenetic analysis did not consistently recover the monophyly of Indohya. The effect of outgroup selection was tested on the Hyidae and revealed markedly different tree topologies. Hyella Harvey, with the type species H. humphreysi Harvey, is newly synonymised with Indohya owing to similarities between the previously described species and some new troglobitic species. The Indohyinae Harvey is synonymised with Hyidae. Two new epigean species and three new troglobitic species of Indohya are described: I. damocles, sp. nov., I. gollum, sp. nov., I. haroldi, sp. nov. and I. napierensis, sp. nov. from northern Western Australia, and I. jacquelinae, sp. nov. from Madagascar. All species of Indohya are short-range endemics, having very small distributional ranges. New data are presented for Indohya humphreysi (Harvey), including the first description of the male. The first protonymphs of the family Hyidae are described, including those of Hya minuta (Tullgren) and Indohya gollum, sp. nov.
Case 3533NeobisiumChamberlin, 1930 (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones): proposed precedence overBlothrusSchiödte, 1847
Publisher: The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature
Date: 03-2011
Two new species of the open-holed trapdoor spider genus Aname (Araneae: Mygalomorphae: Anamidae) from southern Australia
Publisher: Atlas of Living Australia
Date: 06-2022
DOI: 10.54102/AJT.H7IV8
Abstract: The open-holed trapdoor spider genus Aname L. Koch, 1873 is endemic to Australia, and currently contains 46 named species. We describe two new species from southern Australia: Aname elegans sp. nov. from the Gawler bioregion of South Australia and Aname pulchella sp. nov. from the Mallee and H ton bioregions of southern Western Australia.
A review of the pseudoscorpion genus Oreolpium (Pseudoscorpiones: Garypinidae), with remarks on the composition of the Garypinidae and on pseudoscorpions with bipolar distributions
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 08-2010
DOI: 10.1636/A09-53.1
A revision of the white-headed spiny trapdoor spiders of the genus Euoplos (Mygalomorphae: Idiopidae: Arbanitinae): a remarkable lineage of rare mygalomorph spiders from the south-western Australian b
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 27-04-2019
A new troglobitic ideoroncid pseudoscorpion (Pseudoscorpiones: Ideoroncidae) from southern Africa
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 04-2014
DOI: 10.1636/K13-55.1
Three new unusual water mites from Australia (Chelicerata: Acarina: Hydryphantidae, Hygrobatidae and Athienemanniidae)
Publisher: Museums Victoria
Date: 1988
Notes on the ant-mimic genus Anatea Berland (Araneae: Theridiidae) and two new species from tropical Australia
Publisher: Australian Museum
Date: 31-05-2017
Tarsal Organ Morphology and the Phylogeny of Goblin Spiders (Araneae, Oonopidae), with Notes on Basal Genera
Publisher: American Museum of Natural History (BioOne sponsored)
Date: 02-2012
DOI: 10.1206/3736.2
The Status of the Central American Pseudoscorpion Genus Coprochernes Beier, 1976, a New Synonym of Neoallochernes Hoff, 1947 (Pseudoscorpiones: Chernetidae)
Publisher: Arachology
Date: 23-04-2019
Three new species of the open-holed trapdoor spider genus Kwonkan (Mygalomorphae: Anamidae) from central Australia
Publisher: Atlas of Living Australia
Date: 27-05-2023
DOI: 10.54102/AJT.L6HE8
Abstract: The open-holed trapdoor spider genus Kwonkan Main, 1983 is endemic to Australia, and currently contains nine named species, predominately from south-western Australia. We describe three new species from central Australia: Kwonkan dissitus, sp. nov. and Kwonkan procul, sp. nov. from the Simpson Strzelecki Dunefields bioregion of South Australia, and Kwonkan seductus, sp. nov. from the Great Sandy Desert bioregion of the Northern Territory. The gender of the name Kwonkan is discussed, and assumed to be masculine.
The systematics of the pseudoscorpion family Ideoroncidae (Pseudoscorpiones: Neobisioidea) in the Asian region
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 11-2016
The spider family Selenopidae (Arachnida, Araneae) in Australia and Asia
Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
Date: 19-05-2011
A check list of the pseudoscorpions of South Africa (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones)
Publisher: AOSIS
Date: 03-07-2000
Abstract: A check list of the Pseudoscorpiones of the class Arachnida of South Africa is presented. A total of 135 species and 10 subspecies of pseudoscorpions are known from South Africa, represented by seven superfamilies, 15 families and 65 genera. This represents about 4.4 of the world fauna. Of the 135 species, 97 species (73 ) are known only from South Africa, 33 species have a wider distribution pattern throughout the Afrotropical Region and three are cosmopolitan. This study forms part of the South African National Survey of Arachnida (SANSA).
Discovery of the pill millipede genus Epicyliosoma (Diplopoda: Sphaerotheriida: Sphaerotheriidae) in Western Australia, with the description of a new species
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2008
Optimised captive husbandry conditions for the Western Australian ‘Marri Millipede’ Antichiropus variabilis (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Paradoxosomatidae), with notes on natural history and tissue preservation techniques
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2010
His taxonomic contributions and complete bibliography
Publisher: National Speleological Society
Date: 14-03-2018
DOI: 10.4311/1700036R1
Systematics of the spiny trapdoor spider genus Bungulla (Mygalomorphae: Idiopidae): revealing a remarkable radiation of mygalomorph spiders from the Western Australian arid zone
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 08-2018
A systematic revision of Draculoides (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae) of the Pilbara, Western Australia, Part I: the Western Pilbara
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 22-10-2020
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.4864.1.1
Abstract: The schizomid fauna of mainland Australia currently comprises 60 species within seven named genera, of which five are endemic to the continent: Attenuizomus Harvey, 2000, Brignolizomus Harvey, 2000, Draculoides Harvey, 1992, Julattenius Harvey, 1992, Notozomus Harvey, 2000. Most Australian schizomids have been described from eastern and northern Australia, but there is also a significant subterranean fauna that has been found in hypogean habitats in the semi-arid Pilbara region of Western Australia. The vast majority of these species can be assigned to the genus Draculoides and this study is the first in a proposed series to revise this highly erse genus. We treat the species found in the western Pilbara region, which includes 13 new species and 13 previously named species, using morphological characters and multi-locus sequence data. We also incorporate a molecular “mini-barcode” approach for COI, 12S and ITS2 to diagnose the new species. The new species are named: Draculoides akashae Abrams and Harvey, n. sp., D. belalugosii Abrams and Harvey, n. sp., D. carmillae Abrams and Harvey, n. sp., D. christopherleei Abrams and Harvey, n. sp., D. claudiae Abrams and Harvey, n. sp., D. immortalis Abrams and Harvey, n. sp., D. karenbassettae Abrams and Harvey, n. sp., D. mckechnieorum Abrams and Harvey, n. sp., D. minae Abrams and Harvey, n. sp., D. noctigrassator Abrams and Harvey, n. sp., D. nosferatu Abrams and Harvey, n. sp., D. piscivultus Abrams and Harvey, n. sp. and D. warramboo Abrams and Harvey, n. sp. We also provide the first descriptions of males of D. anachoretus (Harvey, Berry, Edward and Humphreys, 2008) and D. gnophicola (Harvey, Berry, Edward and Humphreys, 2008). All of the new species are subterranean-dwelling, short-range endemic species that occur in regions subject to mining activities, rendering them of high conservation significance.
Aquatic invertebrates and waterbirds of wetlands and rivers of the southern Carnarvon Basin, Western Australia
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2000
Prospective study of centipede bites in Austrtalia
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2004
Abstract: There are limited reports of definite bites by centipedes with expert identification, which are required for attribution of particular clinical effects to different species. To describe the clinical effects of centipede bites in Australia. Prospective study of calls regarding centipede exposures to a state poison information center, from December 2000 to March 2002. Information collected included demographics, details of the exposure, local effects, systemic effects, and treatment. Collected centipedes were identified by an expert. All subjects were followed until clinical effects had resolved. Of 48 centipede exposures, 3 were centipede ingestions with no adverse effects and one was a contact reaction to the centipede that resulted in erythema and delayed itchiness. Of 44 definite centipede bites, the centipedes obtained and formally identified in 14 cases were from the genera Scolopendra (5), Cormocephalus (6), and Ethmostigmus (3). Of these 14 bites, 13 occurred distally (hands or feet). Pain occurred in all 14 cases and was severe in 7 patients. Redness/red mark occurred in 53%, swelling/raised area in 43%, and itchiness in 14%. No systemic effects were reported. Ethmostigmus spp. and Scolopendra spp. caused more severe effects. Of the bites, 57% occurred indoors and 50% at night. Treatment consisted of supportive measures including ice packs and simple analgesia, and 4 patients reported pain relief after immersing the bite area in hot water. Similar clinical effects were reported in the other 30 definite centipede bites. Australian centipede bites cause minor effects with moderate to severe pain, associated with localized swelling and erythema in bites by the genera Ethmostigmus and Scolopendra. Hot water immersion may potentially be beneficial for centipede bites. The genus Scolopendra occurs worldwide and the results may have international applicability.
A new species of open-holed trapdoor spider of the genus Proshermacha (Mygalomorphae: Anamidae) from Western Australia
Publisher: Atlas of Living Australia
Date: 27-05-2023
DOI: 10.54102/AJT.VYJRY
Abstract: The open-holed trapdoor spider genus Proshermacha Simon, 1908 occurs across southern Australia and currently comprises ten named species although most are poorly diagnosed. We describe a new species, Proshermacha wilga, from southern Western Australia from adult males and adult females, which is supported by a multi-gene molecular analysis.
A new troglobitic schizomid (Hubbardiidae: Paradraculoides) from the Pilbara region, Western Australia
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2015
Post-Eocene climate change across continental Australia and the diversification of Australasian spiny trapdoor spiders (Idiopidae: Arbanitinae)
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.YMPEV.2017.01.008
Abstract: The formation and spread of the Australian arid zone during the Neogene was a profoundly transformative event in the biogeographic history of Australia, resulting in extinction or range contraction in lineages adapted to mesic habitats, as well as ersification and range expansion in arid-adapted taxa (most of which evolved from mesic ancestors). However, the geographic origins of the arid zone biota are still relatively poorly understood, especially among highly erse invertebrate lineages, many of which are themselves poorly documented at the species level. Spiny trapdoor spiders (Idiopidae: Arbanitinae) are one such lineage, having mesic 'on-the-continent' Gondwanan origins, while also having experienced major arid zone radiations in select clades. In this study, we present new orthologous nuclear markers for the phylogenetic inference of mygalomorph spiders, and use them to infer the phylogeny of Australasian Idiopidae with a 12-gene parallel tagged licon next-generation sequencing approach. We use these data to test the mode and timing of ersification of arid-adapted idiopid lineages across mainland Australia, and employ a continent-wide s ling of the fauna's phylogenetic and geographic ersity to facilitate ancestral area inference. We further explore the evolution of phenotypic and behavioural characters associated with both arid and mesic environments, and test an 'out of south-western Australia' hypothesis for the origin of arid zone clades. Three lineages of Idiopidae are shown to have ersified in the arid zone during the Miocene, one (genus Euoplos) exclusively in Western Australia. Arid zone Blakistonia likely had their origins in South Australia, whereas in the most widespread genus Aganippe, a more complex scenario is evident, with likely range expansion from southern Western Australia to southern South Australia, from where the bulk of the arid zone fauna then originated. In Aganippe, remarkable adaptations to phragmotic burrow-plugging in transitional arid zone taxa have evolved twice independently in Western Australia, while in Misgolas and Cataxia, burrow door-building behaviours have likely been independently lost at least three times in the eastern Australian mesic zone. We also show that the presence of idiopids in New Zealand (Cantuaria) is likely to be the result of recent dispersal from Australia, rather than ancient continental vicariance. By providing the first comprehensive, continental synopsis of arid zone biogeography in an Australian arachnid lineage, we show that the ersification of arbanitine Idiopidae was intimately associated with climate shifts during the Neogene, resulting in multiple Mio-Pliocene radiations.
Troglomorphic pseudoscorpions (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones) of northern Arizona, with the description of two new short-range endemic species
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 11-2014
DOI: 10.1636/K14-34.1
The first indigenous palpigrade from Australia: a new species of Eukoenenia (Palpigradi:Eukoeneniidae)
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2008
DOI: 10.1071/IS07031
Abstract: We present a description of the first indigenous member of the arachnid order Palpigradi from Australia. Eukoenenia guzikae, sp. nov. was collected from subterranean environments in the Yilgarn region of Western Australia. The sole male specimen differs from all other members of the genus in several small but significant ways, including by the combined presence of six blades in the prosomal lateral organs, nine pairs of setae on the propeltidium, the presence of a spur on coxa IV, the chaetotaxy of sternites IV–VIII, and the shape of the male genital lobes. It shows some similarities in the male genital region to a group of species found in Madagascar.
Short-range endemism among the Australian fauna: Some examples from non-marine environments
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2002
DOI: 10.1071/IS02009
A new species of blind subterranean Tetrablemma (Araneae: Tetrablemmidae) from Australia
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 04-2010
DOI: 10.1636/A09-73.1
On the proposed conservation of the spelling of VACHONIAINAE Maury, 1973 (Arachnida, Scorpiones) to remove homonymy with VACHONIIDAE Chamberlin, 1947 (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones)
Publisher: Biodiversity Heritage Library
Date: 2000
Pseudofoenus Kieffer, 1902 (Insecta, Hymenoptera): Proposed Designation Of Foenus Unguiculatus Westwood, 1841 As The Type Species
Publisher: Biodiversity Heritage Library
Date: 1996
Transcriptomic Analysis of Pseudoscorpion Venom Reveals a Unique Cocktail Dominated by Enzymes and Protease Inhibitors
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 18-05-2018
The systematics of the pseudoscorpion genus Indohya (Pseudoscorpiones: Hyidae) in Australia
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 05-09-2023
A new species of the pseudoscorpion genus Megachernes (Pseudoscorpiones: Chernetidae) associated with a threatened Sri Lankan rainforest rodent, with a review of host associations of Megachernes
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-2012
Supralittoral pseudoscorpions of the genus Garypus (Pseudoscorpiones : Garypidae) from the Indo-West Pacific region, with a review of the subfamily classification of Garypidae
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1071/IS19029
Abstract: The pseudoscorpions of the genus Garypus L. Koch are restricted to seashore habitats where they occupy supralittoral and littoral zones primarily in tropical and subtropical areas. Few species have been recorded from the Indo-West Pacific region, and this project was devised to produce a review of the species found in museum collections and to test the relationships of the various garypid genera using a molecular analysis and an assessment of their morphology. A new subfamily classification is proposed with the subfamilies Garypinae, including Garypus and the new genus Anchigarypus Harvey (type species Garypus californicus Banks), and the Synsphyroninae for the other genera (Ammogarypus Beier, Anagarypus Chamberlin, Elattogarypus Beier, Eremogarypus Beier, Meiogarypus Beier, Neogarypus Vachon, Paragarypus Vachon, Neogarypus Vachon, Synsphyronus Chamberlin, and Thaumastogarypus Beier). The species-level revision of Garypus provides evidence for at least 14 species, most of which are known from only single localities. The following species are redescribed: G. insularis Tullgren from the Seychelles, G. krusadiensis Murthy & Ananthakrishnan from India and Sri Lanka, G. longidigitus Hoff from Queensland, Australia, G. mal ensis Pocock from the Mal es, G. nicobarensis Beier from the Nicobar Islands and G. ornatus Beier from the Marshall Islands. The holotype of G. insularis is a tritonymph, and not therefore readily identifiable. Nine new species are described: G. latens Harvey, sp. nov., G. malgaryungu Harvey, sp. nov., G. necopinus Harvey, sp. nov., G. postlei Harvey, sp. nov., G. ranalliorum Harvey, sp. nov. and G. weipa Harvey, sp. nov. from northern Australia, G. dissitus Harvey, sp. nov. from Cocos-Keeling Island, G. reong Harvey, sp. nov. and G. yeni Harvey, sp. nov. from Indonesia. A further possible new species from Queensland is described but not named, as it is represented by a single tritonymph. The subspecies of the Caribbean species G. bonairensis Beier are elevated to full species status: G. bonairensis, G. realini Hummelinck and G. withi Hoff. We supplement the descriptions with sequence data from five specimens from four species of Garypus and two species of Anchigarypus, and find COI ergence levels of 7–19% between Garypus species. zoobank.org/References/16463E29-6F13-4392-9E41-46A4312C852B
Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Western Australian troglobitic chthoniid pseudoscorpions (Pseudoscorpiones:Chthoniidae) points to multiple independent subterranean clades
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1071/IS14005
Abstract: The Yilgarn and Pilbara regions of Western Australia are considered bio ersity hotspots for subterranean invertebrates. While the relatively well studied (aquatic) stygofauna are typically constrained to geographically isolated habitats (‘subterranean islands’) and have likely originated from multiple independent epigean ancestors, the troglofauna found in cavernicolous calcretes and fractured rock remains largely unstudied. Here we focus on the pseudoscorpion genera Tyrannochthonius Chamberlin, 1929 and Lagynochthonius Beier, 1951, as common components of the troglofauna, to determine whether they also display highly restricted distributional patterns, and have independent origins. Bayesian and maximum likelihood analyses of sequence data from the mtDNA cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) and the small subunit 18S nuclear genes for subterranean and epigean species from both genera reveal ergent mtDNA lineages that are restricted to single aquifers and/or geographic locations. This strong geographic structuring of troglobitic pseudoscorpions is indicative of short-range endemism and supports the ‘subterranean island’ hypothesis. Further, independent sister relationships between subterranean and epigean taxa indicate multiple invasions into subterranean habitats, likely driven by post-Miocene aridification, consistent with that predicted for the stygofauna. The phylogeny also reveals that Tyrannochthonius + Lagynochthonius is monophyletic but that Lagynochthonius is polyphyletic and nested inside Tyrannochthonius. The results of this study point to common processes that have shaped the ersity and uniqueness of both stygofaunal and troglofaunal communities in Western Australia.
Associations Between Australian Pseudoscorpions and Ants
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 1994
DOI: 10.1155/1994/23982
Phylogenetic reconstruction of the wolf spiders (Araneae: Lycosidae) using sequences from the 12S rRNA, 28S rRNA, and NADH1 genes: Implications for classification, biogeography, and the evolution of w
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2006
DOI: 10.1016/J.YMPEV.2005.09.004
Abstract: Current knowledge of the evolutionary relationships amongst the wolf spiders (Araneae: Lycosidae) is based on assessment of morphological similarity or phylogenetic analysis of a small number of taxa. In order to enhance the current understanding of lycosid relationships, phylogenies of 70 lycosid species were reconstructed by parsimony and Bayesian methods using three molecular markers the mitochondrial genes 12S rRNA, NADH1, and the nuclear gene 28S rRNA. The resultant trees from the mitochondrial markers were used to assess the current taxonomic status of the Lycosidae and to assess the evolutionary history of sheet-web construction in the group. The results suggest that a number of genera are not monophyletic, including Lycosa, Arctosa, Alopecosa, and Artoria. At the subfamilial level, the status of Pardosinae needs to be re-assessed, and the position of a number of genera within their respective subfamilies is in doubt (e.g., Hippasa and Arctosa in Lycosinae and Xerolycosa, Aulonia and Hygrolycosa in Venoniinae). In addition, a major clade of strictly Australasian taxa may require the creation of a new subfamily. The analysis of sheet-web building in Lycosidae revealed that the interpretation of this trait as an ancestral state relies on two factors: (1) an asymmetrical model favoring the loss of sheet-webs and (2) that the suspended silken tube of Pirata is directly descended from sheet-web building. Paralogous copies of the nuclear 28S rRNA gene were sequenced, confounding the interpretation of the phylogenetic analysis and suggesting that a cautionary approach should be taken to the further use of this gene for lycosid phylogenetic analysis.
Australian pirates: Systematics and phylogeny of the Australasian pirate spiders (Araneae:Mimetidae), with a description of the Western Australian fauna
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1071/IS08015
Abstract: Pirate spiders (Mimetidae) are well known for their specialised feeding ecology. They are vagrant araneophagic predators, enter the webs of their prey spiders and exhibit patterns of aggressive mimicry to overcome the web owner. The mimetid fauna of Australia and New Zealand currently consists of 26 species in the following three genera: Australomimetus Heimer, 1986 (18 species), Mimetus Hentz, 1832 (six species), and Ero C.L. Koch, 1836 (two species). The systematic position of the majority of Australasian mimetids was investigated through phylogenetic techniques utilising morphological character systems of 29 exemplar taxa and 87 characters, including the first examination of spinneret structure in species of Australomimetus. The results support an expanded concept for Australomimetus, which, apart from the introduced Ero aphana (Walckenaer, 1802), is found to contain the entire Australian and New Zealand mimetid fauna, also recorded from Asia. The following taxonomic changes are proposed: A. catulli (Heimer, 1989), comb. nov., A. hannemanni (Heimer, 1989), comb. nov., A. japonicus (Uyemura, 1938), comb. nov., A. mendicus (O. P. Cambridge, 1879), comb. nov. and A. sennio (Urquhart, 1891), comb. nov. Ero luzoniensis Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 is synonymised with Ero aphana, and A. andreae Heimer, 1989 is synonymised with A. daviesianus Heimer, 1986 Mimetus tikaderi Gajbe, 1992 from India is excluded from Mimetidae, and referred to Liocranidae. The Western Australian mimetid fauna is described for the first time and comprises nine species of Australomimetus, including the following five new species: A. diabolicus, sp. nov., A. djuka, sp. nov., A. dunlopi, sp. nov., A. nasoi, sp. nov. and A. stephanieae, sp. nov. Several species-groups of Australomimetus are identified.
Catalogue of the Smaller Arachnid Orders of the World
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2003
Abstract: This authoritative catalogue will greatly assist readers in finding the correct taxonomic name for any given family, genus or species within each of the six arachnid orders treated. It contains a valuable summary of bibliographic information, enabling readers to access the worldwide literature for these smaller orders. The catalogue presents full bibliographic data on each of the taxa named thus far, treating over 1600 species. It contains the most current classification system for each group, some of which have not been catalogued on a world scale for over 70 years. A summary of taxonomic changes is included. This quality reference will be of immense value to arachnologists, systematists, taxonomists, ecologists and bio ersity professionals, especially those interested in tropical rainforest communities.
A new species of Synsphyronus (Pseudoscorpiones: Garypidae) from eastern Australia
Publisher: Atlas of Living Australia
Date: 13-05-2023
DOI: 10.54102/AJT.9C77U
Abstract: The pseudoscorpion genus Synsphyronus is widely distributed in the Australasian region, with 40 species described from Australia, two from New Zealand and one from New Caledonia. This paper describes a new species from New South Wales, S. inglisorum, sp. nov., that inhabits the bark of eucalypt trees.
A new species of Lechytia from eastern Australia (Pseudoscorpiones: Lechytiidae)
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2006
Redescription of Geogarypus irrugatus from Sumatra (Pseudoscorpiones: Geogarypidae)
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 08-2010
DOI: 10.1636/A08-101SC.1
First phylogenetic assessment and taxonomic synopsis of the open-holed trapdoor spider genus Namea (Mygalomorphae: Anamidae): a highly diverse mygalomorph lineage from Australia’s tropical eastern rai
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1071/IS20004
Abstract: The tropical and subtropical rainforests of Australia’s eastern mesic zone have given rise to a complex and highly erse biota. Numerous old endemic, niche-conserved groups persist in the montane rainforests south of Cooktown, where concepts of serial allopatric speciation resulting from the formation of xeric interzones have largely driven our biogeographic understanding of the region. Among invertebrate taxa, studies on less vagile arachnid lineages now complement extensive research on vertebrate taxa, and phylogenetic studies on mygalomorph spiders in particular are revealing significant insights about the biogeographic history of the Australian continent since the Eocene. One mygalomorph lineage entirely endemic to Australia’s tropical and subtropical eastern rainforests is the open-holed trapdoor spider genus Namea Raven, 1984 (family Anamidae). We explore, for the first time, the phylogenetic ersity and systematics of this group of spiders, with the aims of understanding patterns of rainforest ersity in Namea, of exploring the relative roles of lineage overlap versus in situ speciation in driving predicted high levels of congeneric sympatry, and of broadly reconciling morphology with evolutionary history. Original and legacy sequences were obtained for three mtDNA and four nuDNA markers from 151 specimens, including 82 specimens of Namea. We recovered a monophyletic genus Namea sister to the genus Teyl Main, 1975, and monophyletic species clades corresponding to 30 morphospecies OTUs, including 22 OTUs nested within three main species-complex lineages. Remarkable levels of sympatry for a single genus of mygalomorph spiders were revealed in rainforest habitats, with upland subtropical rainforests in south-eastern Queensland often home to multiple (up to six) congeners of usually disparate phylogenetic affinity living in direct sympatry or close parapatry, likely the result of simultaneous allopatric speciation in already co-occurring lineages, and more recent dispersal in a minority of taxa. In situ speciation, in contrast, appears to have played a relatively minor role in generating sympatric ersity within rainforest ‘islands’. At the population level, changes in the shape and spination of the male first leg relative to evolutionary history reveal subtle but consistent interspecific morphological shifts in the context of otherwise intraspecific variation, and understanding this morphological variance provides a useful framework for future taxonomic monography. Based on the phylogenetic results, we further provide a detailed taxonomic synopsis of the genus Namea, formally diagnosing three main species-complexes (the brisbanensis-complex, the dahmsi-complex and the jimna-complex), re-illustrating males of all 15 described species, and providing images of live spiders and burrows where available. In doing so, we reveal a huge undescribed ersity of Namea species from tropical and subtropical rainforest habitats, and an old endemic fauna that is beginning to shed light on more complex patterns of rainforest biogeography.
Australian scorpion stings: a prospective study of definite stings
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2003
DOI: 10.1016/S0041-0101(03)00065-5
Abstract: There is little information on scorpion stings in Australia. The aim of this study is to describe the circumstances and clinical effects of stings by Australian scorpions. Cases of scorpion stings were collected prospectively from calls and presentations to Australian poison information centres and emergency departments from February 2000 to April 2002. Only definite scorpion stings where the scorpion was immediately collected and expertly identified were included. There were 95 patients, 33 males and 62 females, with a mean age of 32 (SD 19.5 range 1-71) and 23 children (age<15 years). Three families of scorpions caused all stings: Buthidae (79), Bothruiridae (11, all Cercophonius spp.) and Urodacidae (five, all Urodacus spp.). The majority of stings (76%) were by one genus of scorpion Lychas spp. Seventy one percent of stings occurred between 6pm and 8am and 82 (86%) occurred indoors. Sixty percent of stings occurred on distal limbs. The median duration of effects was 6 h (interquartile range (IQR): 1-24 h). Immediate localised pain occurred in all cases and was severe in 76 cases (80%). Other local effects included red mark/redness (66%), tenderness (35%), numbness (12%) and paraesthesia (11%). Minor systemic effects (nausea, headache and malaise) occurred in 11% of cases. There were no deaths or major systemic envenoming. Less severe effects were observed for the larger Urodacus species, compared to Lychas spp. Scorpion stings in Australia do not appear to cause severe or life-threatening effects, even in children. This differs from other parts of the world, where severe envenoming is reported. The major clinical effect is severe pain, consistent with other scorpion stings. Most stings occurred indoors and at night.
Euoplos eungellaensis, sp. nov. (Idiopidae), a new golden trapdoor spider from central-eastern Queensland
Publisher: Atlas of Living Australia
Date: 30-08-2022
DOI: 10.54102/AJT.LMCBC
Abstract: The golden trapdoor spider genus Euoplos Rainbow, 1914 is endemic to Australia, and currently contains 23 species. In eastern Australia, the genus is known to occur from southern Victoria to the Cape York Peninsula of northern Queensland, however, all described species in the genus are from the southern part of this distribution– all species north of the Tropic of Capricorn are currently undescribed. Here, wetake the first step in rectifying this by describing Euoplos eungellaensis, sp. nov. from the rainforest of the Clarke Range in central-eastern Queensland. We provide diagnostic characters for both males and females, as well as information on burrow morphology.
New species of Boreohesperus (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae) from north-western Australia
Publisher: Museum National D'Histoire Naturelle
Date: 22-05-2017
DOI: 10.5852/EJT.2017.320
Abstract: To date, six species of the Australian endemic millipede genus Boreohesperus have been recognized: all have highly localized distributions, consistent with being short-range endemic species, and all are from the Cape Range and Pilbara region of Western Australia. In this paper, we describe three new species, B. alcyonis sp. nov., B. psittacinus sp. nov., and B. vascellus sp. nov., each from a different island in the Kimberley region of north-western Australia.
Diversity, endemism and species turnover of millipedes within the south-western Australian global biodiversity hotspot
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-09-2009
The Australian geogarypidae, new status, with a review of the Generic classification (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpionida)
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 1986
DOI: 10.1071/ZO9860753
Abstract: The Geogarypidae is raised to family status, and three genera are recognised: Geogarypus Chamberlin, .Afrogarypus Beier and Indogarypus Beier the latter is raised to generic level. The following species are recorded from Australia: G. rhantus Harvey, G. taylori, sp. nov., G. exochus, sp. nov., G. pisinnus, sp. nov. and G. connatus, sp. nov. Diagrams are provided of the pedipalps of the type-species of the three recognised genera. The taxonomic position of the Pseudogarypidae is discussed, and the Feaelloidea (Feaellidae and Pseudogarypidae) is regarded as the sister-group of the Chthonioidea (Chthoniidae and Tridenchthoniidae).
Cryptic speciation in a biodiversity hotspot: multilocus molecular data reveal new velvet worm species from Western Australia (Onychophora : Peripatopsidae : Kumbadjena)
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1071/IS18024
Abstract: There is a yet uncovered multitude of species to be found among Western Australian Onychophora. Kumbadjena, one of the two genera that reside in this region, has been previously suggested to house an extensive species complex. Morphology alone has not been able to elucidate the ersity in this genus and has instead muddled species delineations. Topologies and species delimitation analyses resulting from the sequences of two mitochondrial ribosomal markers (12S rRNA and 16S rRNA), one nuclear ribosomal marker (18S rRNA), and one mitochondrial protein-coding gene (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I) are indicative of several undescribed species. Fixed diagnostic nucleotide changes in the highly conserved sequences of 18S rRNA warrant distinction of three new species of Kumbadjena: K. toolbrunupensis, sp. nov., K. karricola, sp. nov., and K. extrema, sp. nov. The geographic distributions of the proposed species suggest that Kumbadjena is another ex le of short-range endemism, a common occurrence in the flora and fauna of the region. The extensive bio ersity and endemism in the region necessitates conservation to preserve the species and processes that promote speciation harboured by Western Australia.
Review of the spider genus Yoroa Baert (Araneae: Theridiidae: Hadrotarsinae)
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-2000
A review of the pirate spiders of Tasmania (Arachnida, Mimetidae, Australomimetus) with description of a new species
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 08-2009
DOI: 10.1636/A08-35.1
DESCRIPTION OF ADULTS OF ARRENURUS (?MICRURACARUS) KITCHINGI SP.NOV. (ACARINA: ARRENURIDAE) FROM WATER-FILLED TREE HOLES IN AUSTRALIA
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 03-1989
DOI: 10.4039/ENT121283-3
Abstract: Adults of Arrenurus (? Micruracarus ) kitchingi sp.nov. are described. This is the first species of Arrenurus to be reported from a tree-hole habitat. Problems with the currently used subgeneric classification of Arrenurus are discussed.
Mirochernes Beier 1930 Arachnida Pseudoscorpionida Proposed Confirmation Of Chelanops dentatus Banks 1895 As The Type Species
Publisher: Biodiversity Heritage Library
Date: 1990
A review of the Western Australian keeled millipede genus Boreohesperus (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)
Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
Date: 16-04-2013
Phylogeography of cave pseudoscorpions in southern Australia
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-03-2007
Australian Assassins, Part III: A review of the Assassin Spiders (Araneae, Archaeidae) of tropical north-eastern Queensland
Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
Date: 30-08-2012
Balgachernes occultus, a new genus and species of pseudoscorpion (Pseudoscorpiones: Chernetidae) associated with balga (Xanthorrhoea preissii) in south-western Australia, with remarks on Austrochernes
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2018
The millipedes of Barrow Island, Western Australia (Diplopoda)
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2013
The Phylogeny and Classification of the Pseudoscorpionida (Chelicerata: Arachnida)
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 1992
DOI: 10.1071/IT9921373
Abstract: A new pseudoscorpion classification is proposed with two new suborders, Epiocheirata and Iocheirata, based upon a cladistic analysis of relationships within the order. The Epiocheirata contains two superfamilies: Chthonioidea for Chthoniidae, Tridenchthoniidae and Lechytiidae, stat. nov. (for Lechytia), and Feaelloidea for Feaellidae and Pseudogarypidae. The Iocheirata is ided into two infraorders: Hemictenata Balzan and Panctenata Balzan. The Hemictenata contains a single superfamily, Neobisioidea for Bochicidae, Gymnobisiidae, Hyidae, Ideoroncidae, Neobisiidae, Parahyidae, fam. nov. (for Parahya) and Syarinidae. The Panctenata contains two microorders: Mestommatina, nov, with Garypoidea for Cheiridiidae, Garypidae, Geogarypidae, Larcidae, fam. nov. (for Archeolarca and Larca) and Pseudochiridiidae, and Olpioidea for Menthidae and Olpiidae and Elassommatina, nov. with Sternophoroidea, stat. nov, for Sternophoridae, and Cheliferoidea for Atemnidae, Cheliferidae, Chernetidae and Withiidae. The Vachoniidae is synonymised with the Bochicidae, and the Cheiridioidea is treated as a synonym of Garypoidea. Philomaoria Chamberlin and Philomaoriini are transferred from the Withiidae to the Cheliferidae. The chthoniid tribe Pseudotyrannochthoniini is elevated to subfamily rank, and the systematic position of the Devonian family Dracochelidae is discussed.
Two new species of Rhopalochernes Beier, 1932 (Pseudoscorpiones: Chernetidae) from Colombia
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 08-06-2022
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5150.3.5
Abstract: The pseudoscorpion genus Rhopalochernes Beier, 1932 is restricted to the Neotropical region and currently includes eight species. Recent field collections in the Caribbean region of Colombia have revealed the presence of two previously undescribed species, which are here described as Rhopalochernes luiscarlosi sp. nov. and Rhopalochernes catalinae sp. nov. They differ from one another by the shape of the carapace, the position of the trichobothria and the length of the nodus ramosus. They differ from other species of the genus by the absence of eye spots, and the number of the cheliceral setae. One of these features, the presence of only four setae on the cheliceral hand, is shared with R. panamensis Heurtault, 1998 and R. chamberlini Heurtault, 1998, with other species possessing a higher number. Additionally, the key for the genus proposed by Beier (1932) is updated for included all the species.
Olpium L. Koch, 1873 (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpionida, Olpiidae): proposed designation of type species and related problems. Z. N. (S.) 2484
Publisher: Biodiversity Heritage Library
Date: 1985
DOI: 10.5962/BHL.PART.870
Amber inclusions from New Zealand
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2018
A review and redescription of the cosmopolitan pseudoscorpion Chelifer cancroides (Pseudoscorpiones: Cheliferidae)
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 04-2014
DOI: 10.1636/K13-57.1
A review of the water mite family limnocharidae in australia (Acarina)
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 1990
DOI: 10.1071/IT9890483
Abstract: Neolimnochares kakadu, sp. nov., from the Northern Territory is described Limnochares australica Lundblad from Western Australia, New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania, and Rhyncholimnochares womersleyi (Lundblad) from New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria and Tasmania are redescribed.
An African mygalomorph lineage in temperate Australia: The trapdoor spider genus Moggridgea (Araneae: Migidae) on Kangaroo Island, South Australia
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-10-2016
DOI: 10.1111/AEN.12172
The new Australasian goblin spider genus prethopalpus (Araneae, Oonopidae)
Publisher: American Museum of Natural History (BioOne sponsored)
Date: 21-06-2012
DOI: 10.1206/763.1
Short-range endemism in hypogean environments: the pseudoscorpion generaTyrannochthoniusandLagynochthonius(Pseudoscorpiones�: Chthoniidae) in the semiarid zone of Western Australia
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2008
DOI: 10.1071/IS07025
Abstract: We studied a variety of chthoniid pseudoscorpions collected from the semiarid zone of Western Australia. Five new species of Tyrannochthonius Chamberlin, 1929 and three new species of Lagynochthonius Beier, 1951 are named and described from the Pilbara and Gasgoyne regions, and surrounding areas such as Barrow Island. Tyrannochthonius basme, sp. nov. and Lagynochthonius asema, sp. nov. from pisolitic mesas near Pannawonica, T. garthhumphreysi, sp. nov. from limestone karst on Barrow Island, T. souchomalus, sp. nov. from calcrete deposits near Cue, T. billhumphreysi, sp. nov. and L. polydentatus, sp. nov. from a calcrete deposit on Sturt Meadows Station and L. leemouldi, sp. nov. from calcrete near Marble Bar are all considered to represent hypogean species as all exhibit typical troglomorphic adaptations including total loss of eyes and attenuated appendages. New records are provided for T. brooksi Harvey and T. butleri Harvey from Cape Range peninsula. A new epigean species, T. aridus, sp. nov., was found on Barrow Island and the Pilbara mainland. Two further putative new species based upon nymphal specimens from subterranean environments are described but not named owing to the lack of adult specimens. Although the epigean species T. aridus, sp. nov. is relatively widespread, all of the subterranean species are thought to represent short-range endemic species as they have been found at very few locations, all of which occur in localised habitats such as limestone or within mesa formations. Tyrannochthonius chamorro Chamberlin, 1947 from Guam is transferred to the genus Lagynochthonius, creating the new combination Lagynochthonius chamorro (Chamberlin 1947).
Biodiversity, functional roles and ecosystem services of groundwater invertebrates
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2008
DOI: 10.1071/IS07024
Abstract: Recent surveys of groundwater invertebrates (stygofauna) worldwide are yielding rich troves of bio ersity, with significant implications for invertebrate systematists and phylogeneticists as well as ecologists and groundwater managers. What is the ecological significance of this high bio ersity of invertebrates in some aquifers? How might it influence groundwater ecosystem services such as water purification or bioremediation? In terrestrial ecosystems, bio ersity is typically positively correlated with rates of ecosystem functions beneficial to humans (e.g. crop pollination). However, the links between bio ersity, ecosystem function, and ecosystem services in groundwater are unknown. In some aquifers, feeding, movement and excretion by erse assemblages of stygofauna potentially enhance groundwater ecosystem services such as water purification, bioremediation and water infiltration. Further, as specific taxa apparently play ‘keystone’ roles in facilitating ecosystem services, declines in abundance or even their extinction have serious repercussions. One way to assess the functional significance of bio ersity is to identify ‘ecosystem service providers’, characterise their functional relationships, determine how service provision is affected by community structure and environmental variables, and measure the spatio-temporal scales over which these operate. Ex les from Australian and New Zealand alluvial aquifers reveal knowledge gaps in understanding the functional importance of most stygofauna, h ering effective protection of currently undervalued groundwater ecosystem services.
A review of some Australasian chernetidae: Sundochernes, Troglochernes and a new genus (Pseudoscorpiones)
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 08-2007
DOI: 10.1636/SH06-41.1
Molecular and morphological systematics of hypogean schizomids (Schizomida�:�Hubbardiidae) in semiarid Australia
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2008
DOI: 10.1071/IS07026
Abstract: We used molecular and morphological techniques to study troglobitic schizomids inhabiting a variety of subterranean landforms in semiarid Western Australia. The study was designed to explore the taxonomic and phylogenetic status of newly discovered populations of subterranean schizomids. Molecular sequences of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and small subunit rRNA (12S) were obtained from a total of 73 schizomid specimens. Populations s led from boreholes within mesa landforms in the Robe Valley were highly genetically distinct from species of Draculoides Harvey, 1992 found elsewhere in the Pilbara (Cape Range and Barrow Island). Pronounced genetic structuring was also evident at a fine spatial scale within the Robe Valley, with populations from each of the mesas examined exhibiting unique and highly ergent mtDNA lineages. These molecular data were generally supported by small but significant morphological features, usually in the secondary male structures, but some species were represented only by female specimens that possessed more conservative morphologies. The molecular data defined two major in-group clades, which were supported by morphological differences. One clade was widespread and included the type species of Draculoides, D. vinei (Harvey), along with D. bramstokeri Harvey & Humphreys, D. brooksi Harvey, D. julianneae Harvey, D. mesozeirus, sp. nov. and D. neoanthropus, sp. nov. The second clade was restricted to the Robe Valley and deemed to represent a new genus, Paradraculoides, which included four new species P. anachoretus, sp. nov., P. bythius, sp. nov., P. gnophicola, sp. nov. and P. kryptus, sp. nov. (type species).
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