ORCID Profile
0000-0002-8192-3696
Current Organisation
University of Adelaide
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Macromolecular and materials chemistry not elsewhere classified | Chemical engineering | Physical Chemistry of Materials | Catalysis and Mechanisms of Reactions | Macromolecular and Materials Chemistry | Solid State Chemistry | Organic Chemical Synthesis | Manufacturing Processes and Technologies (excl. Textiles) | Materials Engineering | Composite and Hybrid Materials | Electrochemical energy storage and conversion
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Rehabilitation of Degraded Fresh, Ground and Surface Water Environments | Physical and Chemical Conditions of Water for Urban and Industrial Use | Expanding Knowledge in the Chemical Sciences | Environmentally Sustainable Manufacturing not elsewhere classified | Environmental Health |
Related Links
Publications
Electrochemistry of polystyrene intercalated vertically aligned single- and double-walled carbon nanotubes on gold electrodes
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2011
Factors Influencing Catalytic Activity of Size-Specific Triphenylphosphine-Ligated Gold Nanoclusters in the Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 22-12-2022
Irradiation methods for engineering of graphene related two-dimensional materials
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 25-08-2023
DOI: 10.1063/5.0148376
Abstract: The research community has witnessed an exceptional increase in exploring graphene related two-dimensional materials (GR2Ms) in many innovative applications and emerging technologies. However, simple, low-cost, sustainable, and eco-friendly methods to manufacture large quantities and high-quality GR2Ms still remain an unsolved challenge. To address limitations of conventional wet chemical-based exfoliation methods using graphite resources, the top-down irradiation approach has proven to be an ultrafast, effective, and environmentally friendly technology for scalable exfoliation, production, and processing of GR2Ms providing new properties for emerging applications. Significant advancements have been made for preparation of broad range of GR2Ms from graphite, such as graphene, graphene oxide, and reduced graphene oxide, and their doped, functionalized and modified forms over the past two decades, thanks to the availability of photon and ion irradiation techniques, such as microwave, infrared, ultraviolet, solar, x-ray, gamma, laser, and plasma. This review presents recent advances on the application of these various irradiation techniques and highlights their mechanism, differences in properties of prepared GR2Ms, and their advantages and disadvantages in comparison with other conventional methods. The review provides an insight into the irradiation strategies and their prospective applications to produce, at a large scale, low-cost, high-quality GR2Ms for practical applications in transparent electrodes, optoelectronic devices, sensors, supercapacitors, protective coatings, conductive inks, and composites.
Optimization of the Metal Front Contact Design for Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotube‐Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-2017
Electrocatalytic Activity of a 2D Phosphorene‐Based Heteroelectrocatalyst for Photoelectrochemical Cells
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-02-2018
Abstract: Research into efficient synthesis, fundamental properties, and potential applications of phosphorene is currently the subject of intense investigation. Herein, solution-processed phosphorene or few-layer black phosphorus (FL-BP) sheets are prepared using a microwave exfoliation method and used in photoelectrochemical cells. Based on experimental and theoretical (DFT) studies, the FL-BP sheets are found to act as catalytically active sites and show excellent electrocatalytic activity for triiodide reduction in dye-sensitized solar cells. Importantly, the device fabricated based on the newly designed cobalt sulfide (CoS
Use of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) in Third‐Generation Solar Cells
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-12-2018
5. Synthesis strategies of nanocarbon hybrids
Publisher: DE GRUYTER
Date: 31-12-2014
Aligned Carbon Nanotube Thin Films from Liquid Crystal Polyelectrolyte Inks
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 13-11-2015
Abstract: Single walled carbon nanotube thin films are fabricated by solution shearing from high concentration sodium nanotubide polyelectrolyte inks. The solutions are produced by simple stirring of the nanotubes with elemental sodium in dimethylacetamide, and the nanotubes are thus not subject to any sonication-induced damage. At such elevated concentrations (∼4 mg mL(-1)), the solutions exist in the liquid crystal phase and during deposition this order is transferred to the films, which are well aligned in the direction of shear with a 2D nematic order parameter of ∼0.7 determined by polarized absorption measurements. Compared to similarly formed films made from superacids, the polyelectrolyte films contain smaller bundles and a much narrower distribution of bundle diameters. After p-doping with an organic oxidizer, the films exhibit a very high DC electrical to optical conductivity ratio of σ(DC)/σ(OP) ∼ 35, corresponding to a calculated DC conductivity of over 7000 S cm(-1). When very thin (T550 ∼ 96%), smooth (RMS roughness, R(q) ∼ 2.2 nm), and highly aligned films made via this new route are used as the front electrodes of carbon nanotube-silicon solar cells, the power conversion efficiency is almost an order of magnitude greater than that obtained when using the much rougher (R(q) ∼ 20-30 nm) and less conductive (peak σ(DC)/σ(OP) ∼ 2.5) films formed by common vacuum filtration of the same starting material, and having the same transmittance.
Characterisation of the Material and Mechanical Properties of Atomic Force Microscope Cantilevers with a Plan-View Trapezoidal Geometry
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 27-06-2019
DOI: 10.3390/APP9132604
Abstract: Cantilever devices have found applications in numerous scientific fields and instruments, including the atomic force microscope (AFM), and as sensors to detect a wide range of chemical and biological species. The mechanical properties, in particular, the spring constant of these devices is crucial when quantifying adhesive forces, material properties of surfaces, and in determining deposited mass for sensing applications. A key component in the spring constant of a cantilever is the plan-view shape. In recent years, the trapezoidal plan-view shape has become available since it offers certain advantages to fast-scanning AFM and can improve sensor performance in fluid environments. Euler beam equations relating cantilever stiffness to the cantilever dimensions and Young’s modulus have been proven useful and are used extensively to model cantilever mechanical behaviour and calibrate the spring constant. In this work, we derive a simple correction factor to the Euler beam equation for a beam-shaped cantilever that is applicable to any cantilever with a trapezoidal plan-view shape. This correction factor is based upon previous analytical work and simplifies the application of the previous researchers formula. A correction factor to the spring constant of an AFM cantilever is also required to calculate the torque produced by the tip when it contacts the s le surface, which is also dependent on the plan-view shape. In this work, we also derive a simple expression for the torque for triangular plan-view shaped cantilevers and show that for the current generation of trapezoidal plan-view shaped AFM cantilevers, this will be a good approximation. We shall apply both these correction factors to determine Young’s modulus for a range of trapezoidal-shaped AFM cantilevers, which are specially designed for fast-scanning. These types of AFM probes are much smaller in size when compared to standard AFM probes. In the process of analysing the mechanical properties of these cantilevers, important insights are also gained into their spring constant calibration and dimensional factors that contribute to the variability in their spring constant.
Tin Oxide Light‐Scattering Layer for Titania Photoanodes in Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-03-2016
Solution processed graphene-silicon Schottky junction solar cells
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1039/C5RA03965G
Abstract: Surfactant-assisted exfoliated graphene (SAEG) has been implemented in transparent conducting graphene films which, for the first time, were used to make SAEG–silicon Schottky junctions for photovoltaics.
Dual silane surface functionalization for the selective attachment of human neuronal cells to porous silicon
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 07-2011
DOI: 10.1021/LA201760W
Fabrication and electrochemical behavior of vertically-aligned carbon nanotube electrodes covalently attached to p-type silicon via a thioester linkage
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2009
Carbon nanotube modified probes for stable and high sensitivity conductive atomic force microscopy
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 26-10-2016
DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/47/475708
Abstract: Conductive atomic force microscopy (C-AFM) is used to characterise the nanoscale electrical properties of many conducting and semiconducting materials. We investigate the effect of single walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) modification of commercial Pt/Ir cantilevers on the sensitivity and image stability during C-AFM imaging. Pt/Ir cantilevers were modified with small bundles of SWCNTs via a manual attachment procedure and secured with a conductive platinum pad. AFM images of topography and current were collected from heterogeneous polymer and nanomaterial s les using both standard and SWCNT modified cantilevers. Typically, achieving a good current image comes at the cost of reduced feedback stability. In part, this is due to electrostatic interaction and increased tip wear upon applying a bias between the tip and the s le. The SWCNT modified tips displayed superior current sensitivity and feedback stability which, combined with superior wear resistance of SWCNTs, is a significant advancement for C-AFM.
Incorporation of graphene into SnO2 photoanodes for dye-sensitized solar cells
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2016
Methanol Tolerant Oxygen Reduction Reaction Electrocatalysis using Size‐Specific Triphenylphosphine‐Ligated Gold Nanoclusters
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-06-2022
Abstract: The development of a stable and efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts with high methanol tolerance is crucial for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFCs). Herein, triphenylphosphine (PPh 3 )‐ligated gold nanoclusters and complexes (AuNCs), Au 101 (PPh 3 ) 21 Cl 5 , Au 9 (PPh 3 ) 8 (NO 3 ) 3 , and Au 1 (PPh 3 )Cl supported on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) have been explored as methanol tolerant ORR electrocatalysts. Electrocatalytic performance of each AuNCs‐rGO was determined through linear sweep voltammograms (LSV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) and compared with Pt/C. Size‐dependent ORR activity was observed which followed the size trend of Au 101 NC‐rGO Au 9 NC‐rGO Au 1 NC‐rGO. Repeated LSV and chrono erometry measurements revealed that the long‐term stability over 24 hours followed the trend Au 101 NC‐rGO Au 9 NC‐rGO∼Au 1 NC‐rGO and all were more stable than Pt/C. The methanol tolerance of each AuNCs‐rGO was also evaluated via LSV and CV. Size‐independent methanol tolerance with no noticeable change in ORR performance of AuNCs‐rGO was observed in the presence of methanol. AuNCs‐rGO nanocomposites are promising cathode electrocatalysts for DMFCs.
Nitrogen-Doped CNx /CNTs Heteroelectrocatalysts for Highly Efficient Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-12-2017
Application of a hole transporting organic interlayer in graphene oxide/single walled carbon nanotube–silicon heterojunction solar cells
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1039/C7TA01782K
Abstract: An organic conductive polymer is used to improve charge transport and efficiency in carbon nanotube–silicon solar cells.
Field emission from single-, double-, and multi-walled carbon nanotubes chemically attached to silicon
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 15-02-2012
DOI: 10.1063/1.3687363
Abstract: The chemical attachment and field emission (FE) properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs), and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) chemically attached to a silicon substrate have been investigated. A high density of CNTs was revealed by atomic force microscopy imaging with orientation varying with CNT type. Raman spectroscopy was used to confirm the CNT type and diameter on the surfaces. The field emission properties of the surfaces were studied and both current-voltage and Fowler-Nordheim plots were obtained. The SWCNTs exhibited superior FE characteristics with a turn-on voltage (Eto) of 1.28 V μm−1 and electric field enhancement factor (β) of 5587. The DWCNT surface showed an Eto of 1.91 V μm−1 and a β of 4748, whereas the MWCNT surface exhibited an Eto of 2.79 V μm−1 and a β of 3069. The emission stability of each CNT type was investigated and it was found that SWCNTs produced the most stable emission. The differences between the FE characteristics and stability are explained in terms of the CNT diameter, vertical alignment, and crystallinity. The findings suggest that strength of substrate adhesion and CNT crystallinity play a major role in FE stability. Comparisons to other FE studies are made and the potential for device application is discussed.
Application and Future Challenges of Functional Nanocarbon Hybrids
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-02-2014
Abstract: Hybridizing nanocarbons, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) or graphene, with an active material is a powerful strategy towards designing next-generation functional materials for environmental and sustainable energy applications. While research on nanocomposites, created by dispersing the nanocarbon into polymer or ceramic matrices, began almost immediately after the popularization of CNTs and graphene in 1991 and 2004, respectively, nanocarbon hybrids are a relatively recent addition to the family of composite materials. In contrast to nanocomposites, which typically combine the intrinsic properties of both compounds, nanocarbon hybrids additionally provide access to both a large surface area required for gas/liquid-solid interactions and an extended interface, through which charge and energy transfer processes create synergistic effects that result in unique properties and superior performance. This progress report looks at the history of research on nanocarbons (fullerenes, CNTs and graphene) and their composites and hybrids, presents the origin of synergistic effects, reviews the most intriguing results on nanocarbon hybrid performance in heterogeneous catalysis, electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, batteries, supercapacitors, photovoltaics and sensors, and discusses remaining challenges and future research directions.
Solutions to the Challenges of Lithium–Sulfur Batteries by Carbon Nanotubes
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-04-2023
Abstract: The continuously increasing demands for energy storage devices for portable electronics and electric vehicles have aroused massive research interest in developing lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) with high energy density and long‐term stability. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), possessing numerous superior properties, are integrated into various components of LSBs for performance improvement. Nevertheless, a systematic and insightful issue‐based study of their inherent roles in addressing the practical challenges of LSBs is lacking. There is a growing consensus that CNTs do not directly contribute to the specific capacity (i.e., being involved in the redox reactions with electron loss/gain), while their auxiliary roles, such as providing a conductive and mechanically reinforced framework for active materials, are of prime significance in regulating the electrochemical reaction, charge transport, and mass transfer in the system. In this paper, after briefly introducing the working principles of LSBs and the promising applicability of CNTs, current challenges in various components of LSBs are discussed with the corresponding CNT‐based solutions, followed by an evaluation of the potential for commercializing CNT‐involved LSBs. Finally, some future research directions are provided to improve the device performance further.
Implementation of antireflection layers for improved efficiency of carbon nanotube–silicon heterojunction solar cells
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2015
Use of Carbon Nanotubes in Third-Generation Solar Cells
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2017
Application of Polymer Interlayers in Silicon–Carbon Nanotube Heterojunction Solar Cells
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-02-2015
Application of Porous Materials for CO2 Reutilization: A Review
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 22-12-2021
DOI: 10.3390/EN15010063
Abstract: CO2 reutilization processes contribute to the mitigation of CO2 as a potent greenhouse gas (GHG) through reusing and converting it into economically valuable chemical products including methanol, dimethyl ether, and methane. Solar thermochemical conversion and photochemical and electrochemical CO2 reduction processes are emerging technologies in which solar energy is utilized to provide the energy required for the endothermic dissociation of CO2. Owing to the surface-dependent nature of these technologies, their performance is significantly reliant on the solid reactant/catalyst accessible surface area. Solid porous structures either entirely made from the catalyst or used as a support for coating the catalyst/solid reactants can increase the number of active reaction sites and, thus, the kinetics of CO2 reutilization reactions. This paper reviews the principles and application of porous materials for CO2 reutilization pathways in solar thermochemical, photochemical, and electrochemical reduction technologies. Then, the state of the development of each technology is critically reviewed and evaluated with the focus on the use of porous materials. Finally, the research needs and challenges are presented to further advance the implementation of porous materials in the CO2 reutilization processes and the commercialization of the aforementioned technologies.
Engineering of ZnO/Graphene Nanocomposite for Enhancing Visible Photocatalytic Ability
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-11-2022
Abstract: Herein, the visible light‐photocatalytic performance of synthesized ZnO/Gr composite materials with different Gr content under various conditions, i.e., pH, dye concentration, and different scavengers (to understand the photocatalytic activity mechanism) is systematically investigated. Photocatalytic performance is evaluated with the degradation of methylene blue (MB) in solution under sunlight irradiation. The presence of graphene (Gr) in the ZnO/Gr composites shows enhanced photocatalytic activity compared to pure ZnO under natural sunlight illumination. The highest photodegradation efficiency of ≈94% when the content of Gr is 1 wt% in comparison to ≈76% for the pure ZnO, corresponding to reaction rate constants of 0.01038 and 0.00615 min −1 , respectively. Compared to recent publications, the degradation efficiency is high with relatively high dye concentration, low catalyst amount, and large solution volume. The enhanced visible light absorption and the reduction of bandgap value are attributed to the enhanced photocatalytic properties of the hybridized composite. Moreover, the investigation of the effect of scavenger substances shows that H 2 O 2 strongly enhanced their photocatalytic ability, suggesting that holes (h + ) contribute as the reactive agent in the photodegradation process.
Au101–rGO nanocomposite: immobilization of phosphine-protected gold nanoclusters on reduced graphene oxide without aggregation
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1039/D0NA00927J
Abstract: A method is presented for the deposition of gold clusters onto reduced graphene oxide, without aggregation of the gold clusters.
Heterojunction Solar Cells Based on Silicon and Composite Films of Polyaniline and Carbon Nanotubes
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 05-2016
Solution Based Methods for the Fabrication of Carbon Nanotube Modified Atomic Force Microscopy Probes
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 25-10-2017
DOI: 10.3390/NANO7110346
Broadening of van hove singularities measured by photoemission spectroscopy of single- And mixed-chirality single-walled carbon nanotubes
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 02-10-2019
Adsorption and Desorption of Single-Stranded DNA from Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-05-2017
Abstract: The chemical affinity of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) to adsorb to the surface of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) is used for SWCNT purification, separation and in bio-devices. Despite the popularity of research on SWCNT-ssDNA conjugates, very little work has studied the removal of adsorbed ssDNA on SWCNTs. This paper reports a comprehensive study of biological, physical and chemical treatments for the removal of ssDNA from SWCNT-ssDNA suspensions. These include enzymatic cleavage, heat treatment under vacuum up to 400 °C, chemical treatments with high or low pH, oxidizing conditions, and high-ionic-strength solvents. Complimentary characterization techniques including fluorescence from a DNA-intercalating dye (YO-PRO-1) and photoelectron spectroscopy are used to exhaustively study and compare the methods investigated. Enzyme treatment is found to remove the phosphate backbone only, leaving nucleosides adsorbed to SWCNTs. Heating in inert atmosphere is ineffective at removing ssDNA. Acid, base and oxidative treatment are found to be effective for the removal of ssDNA from SWCNTs. Where possible the mechanism of desorption is described and from the findings suggestions for "best practices" are provided.
Interface engineering in nanocarbon–Ta2O5 hybrid photocatalysts
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1039/C3EE42558D
Abstract: We demonstrate a new hybrid morphology that facilitates charge transport and charge separation at the interface between the nanocarbon and the semiconductor and so greatly improves their performance in environmental and sustainable energy applications.
Chemically Grafted Carbon Nanotube Surface Coverage Gradients
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 26-10-2010
DOI: 10.1021/LA103497F
Abstract: Two approaches to producing gradients of vertically aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) on silicon surfaces by chemical grafting are presented here. The first approach involves the use of a porous silicon (pSi) substrate featuring a pore size gradient, which is functionalized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). Carboxylated SWCNTs are then immobilized on the topography gradient via carbodiimide coupling. Our results show that as the pSi pore size and porosity increase across the substrate the SWCNT coverage decreases concurrently. In contrast, the second gradient is an amine-functionality gradient produced by means of vapor-phase diffusion of APTES from a reservoir onto a silicon wafer where APTES attachment changes as a function of distance from the APTES reservoir. Carboxylated SWCNTs are then immobilized via carbodiimide coupling to the amine-terminated silicon gradient. Our observations confirm that with decreasing APTES density on the surface the coverage of the attached SWCNTs also decreases. These gradient platforms pave the way for the time-efficient optimization of SWCNT coverage for applications ranging from field emission to water filtration to drug delivery.
Morphological changes of sintered polydopamine coatings
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 25-02-2019
Solution processed graphene structures for perovskite solar cells
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C5TA08996D
Abstract: Solution processed graphene electrodes are used as transparent electrodes in perovskite solar cells to test their feasibility. The efficiency obtained using the transparent graphene electrodes is further improved by employing graphene into both compact and mesoporous TiO 2 layers of the devices.
Improved Application of Carbon Nanotube Atomic Force Microscopy Probes Using PeakForce Tapping Mode
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 09-10-2018
DOI: 10.3390/NANO8100807
Abstract: In this work PeakForce tapping (PFT) imaging was demonstrated with carbon nanotube atomic force microscopy (CNT-AFM) probes this imaging mode shows great promise for providing simple, stable imaging with CNT-AFM probes, which can be difficult to apply. The PFT mode is used with CNT-AFM probes to demonstrate high resolution imaging on s les with features in the nanometre range, including a Nioprobe calibration s le and gold nanoparticles on silicon, in order to demonstrate the modes imaging effectiveness, and to also aid in determining the diameter of very thin CNT-AFM probes. In addition to stable operation, the PFT mode is shown to eliminate “ringing” artefacts that often affect CNT-AFM probes in tapping mode near steep vertical step edges. This will allow for the characterization of high aspect ratio structures using CNT-AFM probes, an exercise which has previously been challenging with the standard tapping mode.
Efficiency Improvement Using Molybdenum Disulphide Interlayers in Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube/Silicon Solar Cells
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 21-04-2018
DOI: 10.3390/MA11040639
Measuring the density of states of the inner and outer wall of double-walled carbon nanotubes
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 19-06-2018
DOI: 10.3390/NANO8060448
Graphene Bridge for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution with Gold Nanocluster Co-Catalysts
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 17-10-2022
DOI: 10.3390/NANO12203638
Abstract: Herein, the UV light photocatalytic activity of an Au101NC-AlSrTiO3-rGO nanocomposite comprising 1 wt% rGO, 0.05 wt% Au101(PPh3)21Cl5 (Au101NC), and AlSrTiO3 evaluated for H2 production. The synthesis of Au101NC-AlSrTiO3-rGO nanocomposite followed two distinct routes: (1) Au101NC was first mixed with AlSrTiO3 followed by the addition of rGO (Au101NC-AlSrTiO3:rGO) and (2) Au101NC was first mixed with rGO followed by the addition of AlSrTiO3 (Au101NC-rGO:AlSrTiO3). Both prepared s les were annealed in air at 210 °C for 15 min. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy showed that the Au101NC adhered almost exclusively to the rGO in the nanocomposite and maintained a size less than 2 nm. Under UV light irradiation, the Au101NC-AlSrTiO3:rGO nanocomposite produced H2 at a rate 12 times greater than Au101NC-AlSrTiO3 and 64 times greater than AlSrTiO3. The enhanced photocatalytic activity is attributed to the small particle size and high loading of Au101NC, which is achieved by non-covalent binding to rGO. These results show that significant improvements can be made to AlSrTiO3-based photocatalysts that use cluster co-catalysts by the addition of rGO as an electron mediator to achieve high cluster loading and limited agglomeration of the clusters.
Green synthesis of three-dimensional hybrid N-doped ORR electro-catalysts derived from apricot sap
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 28-01-2018
DOI: 10.3390/MA11020205
Gas phase photocatalytic water splitting of moisture in ambient air: Toward reagent-free hydrogen production
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2020
Efficient and Fast Synthesis of Few‐Layer Black Phosphorus via Microwave‐Assisted Liquid‐Phase Exfoliation
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-11-2017
Accurate thickness measurement of graphene
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 19-02-2016
DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/12/125704
Abstract: Graphene has emerged as a material with a vast variety of applications. The electronic, optical and mechanical properties of graphene are strongly influenced by the number of layers present in a s le. As a result, the dimensional characterization of graphene films is crucial, especially with the continued development of new synthesis methods and applications. A number of techniques exist to determine the thickness of graphene films including optical contrast, Raman scattering and scanning probe microscopy techniques. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), in particular, is used extensively since it provides three-dimensional images that enable the measurement of the lateral dimensions of graphene films as well as the thickness, and by extension the number of layers present. However, in the literature AFM has proven to be inaccurate with a wide range of measured values for single layer graphene thickness reported (between 0.4 and 1.7 nm). This discrepancy has been attributed to tip-surface interactions, image feedback settings and surface chemistry. In this work, we use standard and carbon nanotube modified AFM probes and a relatively new AFM imaging mode known as PeakForce tapping mode to establish a protocol that will allow users to accurately determine the thickness of graphene films. In particular, the error in measuring the first layer is reduced from 0.1-1.3 nm to 0.1-0.3 nm. Furthermore, in the process we establish that the graphene-substrate adsorbate layer and imaging force, in particular the pressure the tip exerts on the surface, are crucial components in the accurate measurement of graphene using AFM. These findings can be applied to other 2D materials.
Comparison of carbon nanotube modified electrodes for photovoltaic devices
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2012
Preparation and characterization of multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/polymer nanostructured materials
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 26-12-2008
DOI: 10.1117/12.810958
A unique synthesis of macroporous N-doped carbon composite catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 26-12-2021
DOI: 10.3390/NANO11010043
Abstract: Macroporous carbon materials (MCMs) are used extensively for many electrocatalytic applications, particularly as catalysts for oxygen reduction reactions (ORRs)—for ex le, in fuel cells. However, complex processes are currently required for synthesis of MCMs. We present a rapid and facile synthetic approach to produce tailored MCMs efficiently via pyrolysis of sulfonated aniline oligomers (SAOs). Thermal decomposition of SAO releases SO2 gas which acts as a blowing agent to form the macroporous structures. This process was used to synthesise three specifically tailored nitrogen (N)-doped MCM catalysts: N-SAO, N-SAO (phenol formaldehyde) (PF) and N-SAO-reduced graphene oxide (rGO). Analysis using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the formation of macropores (100–350 µm). Investigation of ORR efficacy showed that N-SAOPF performed with the highest onset potential of 0.98 V (vs. RHE) and N-SAOrGO showed the highest limiting current density of 7.89 mAcm−2. The macroporous structure and ORR efficacy of the MCM catalysts synthesised using this novel process suggest that this method can be used to streamline MCM production while enabling the formation of composite materials that can be tailored for greater efficiency in many applications.
Pathway to high throughput, low cost indium-free transparent electrodes
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1039/C5TA03248B
Abstract: A high throughput process is reported for the production of a highly conductive, transparent planar electrode comprising of silver nanowires and single walled carbon nanotubes imbedded into PEDOT:PSS.
Sulfur-Doped Graphene with Iron Pyrite (FeS2 ) as an Efficient and Stable Electrocatalyst for the Iodine Reduction Reaction in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-03-2017
Pyramid‐Textured Antireflective Silicon Surface In Graphene Oxide/Single‐Wall Carbon Nanotube–Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-11-2018
DOI: 10.1002/EEM2.12020
Micropatterned arrays of porous silicon: Toward sensory biointerfaces
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 23-06-2011
DOI: 10.1021/AM2003526
Reduced graphene oxide-titania nanocomposite-modified photoanode for efficient dye-sensitized solar cells
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 04-02-2015
DOI: 10.1002/ER.3307
Water Transport Through Nanoporous Materials: Porous Silicon and Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 02-2010
Synthesis of ultra-long hierarchical ZnO whiskers in a hydrothermal system for dye-sensitised solar cells
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C6RA24316A
Abstract: Ultra-long hierarchical ZnO whiskers ( μm) with tunable lengths through one-pot hydrothermal process have been demonstrated.
Electrocatalytic Activity of a 2D Phosphorene‐Based Heteroelectrocatalyst for Photoelectrochemical Cells
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-02-2018
Fe3O4@S nanoparticles embedded/coated on the multi-wall carbon nanotubes for rechargeable lithium batteries
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2018
Synthesis of Highly Dispersed Fe3O4 Submicrometer Spheres in a One-Pot Anion-induced Solvothermal System
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-01-2017
Sustainable Polysulfides for Oil Spill Remediation: Repurposing Industrial Waste for Environmental Benefit
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-04-2018
Activation of Water‐Splitting Photocatalysts by Loading with Ultrafine Rh–Cr Mixed‐Oxide Cocatalyst Nanoparticles
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-03-2020
Abstract: The activity of many water‐splitting photocatalysts could be improved by the use of Rh III –Cr III mixed oxide (Rh 2− x Cr x O 3 ) particles as cocatalysts. Although further improvement of water‐splitting activity could be achieved if the size of the Rh 2− x Cr x O 3 particles was decreased further, it is difficult to load ultrafine ( nm) Rh 2− x Cr x O 3 particles onto a photocatalyst by using conventional loading methods. In this study, a new loading method was successfully established and was used to load Rh 2− x Cr x O 3 particles with a size of approximately 1.3 nm and a narrow size distribution onto a BaLa 4 Ti 4 O 15 photocatalyst. The obtained photocatalyst exhibited an apparent quantum yield of 16 %, which is the highest achieved for BaLa 4 Ti 4 O 15 to date. Thus, the developed loading technique of Rh 2− x Cr x O 3 particles is extremely effective at improving the activity of the water‐splitting photocatalyst BaLa 4 Ti 4 O 15 . This method is expected to be extended to other advanced water‐splitting photocatalysts to achieve higher quantum yields.
Carbon Nanotubes in TiO2 Nanofiber Photoelectrodes for High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-01-2017
Ambient air synthesis of multi-layer CVD graphene films for low-cost, efficient counter electrode material in dye-sensitized solar cells
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2018
Fabrication of self-supporting porous silicon membranes and tuning transport properties by surface functionalization
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2010
DOI: 10.1039/C0NR00284D
Abstract: This study presents a simple approach to perform selective mass transport through freestanding porous silicon (pSi) membranes. pSi membranes were fabricated by the electrochemical etching of silicon to produce membranes with controlled structure and pore sizes close to molecular dimensions (approximately 12 nm in diameter). While these membranes are capable of size-exclusion based separations, chemically specific filtration remains a great challenge especially in the biomedical field. Herein, we investigate the transport properties of chemically functionalized pSi membranes. The membranes were functionalized using silanes (heptadecafluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrahydrodecyl)dimethylchlorosilane (PFDS) and N-(triethoxysilylpropyl)-o-polyethylene oxide urethane (PEGS) to give membranes hydrophobic (PFDS) and hydrophilic (PEGS) properties. The transport of probe dyes tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)dichlororuthenium(ii) hexahydrate (Rubpy) and Rose Bengal (RB) through these functionalized membranes was examined to determine the effect surface functionalization has on the selectivity and separation ability of pSi membranes. This study provides the basis for further investigation into more sophisticated surface functionalization and coupled with the biocompatibility of pSi will lead to new advances in membrane based bio-separations.
Insights into chemical doping to engineer the carbon nanotube/silicon photovoltaic heterojunction interface
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1039/C7TA08445E
Abstract: Graphene oxide/single-wall carbon nanotube (GOCNT) hybrid films have been used to fabricate heterojunction solar cells with silicon (Si) due to their compatibility with both aqueous and organic processing.
A unique 3D nitrogen-doped carbon composite as high-performance oxygen reduction catalyst
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 09-08-2017
DOI: 10.3390/MA10080921
Laser-assisted deposition of Ag on self-sourced growth ZnO nanorods as reusable photocatalysts for water purification
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2022
Recent Development of Carbon Nanotube Transparent Conductive Films
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 05-10-2016
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.CHEMREV.6B00179
Abstract: Transparent conducting films (TCFs) are a critical component in many personal electronic devices. Transparent and conductive doped metal oxides are widely used in industry due to their excellent optoelectronic properties as well as the mature understanding of their production and handling. However, they are not compatible with future flexible electronics developments where large-scale production will likely involve roll-to-roll manufacturing. Recent studies have shown that carbon nanotubes provide unique chemical, physical, and optoelectronic properties, making them an important alternative to doped metal oxides. This Review provides a comprehensive analysis of carbon nanotube transparent conductive films covering detailed fabrication methods including patterning of the films, chemical doping effects, and hybridization with other materials. There is a focus on optoelectronic properties of the films and potential in applications such as photovoltaics, touch panels, liquid crystal displays, and organic light-emitting diodes in conjunction with a critical analysis of both the merits and shortcomings of carbon nanotube transparent conductive films.
Improved field emission stability from single-walled carbon nanotubes chemically attached to silicon
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-2012
Pt Nanocluster Co-Catalysts for Photocatalytic Water Splitting
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 22-11-2018
DOI: 10.3390/C4040064
Abstract: Degussa P25 is a benchmark form of TiO2 used worldwide in photocatalysis studies. Currently, no such benchmark exists for co-catalysts, which are essential for many photocatalytic reactions. Here, we present the preparation of Pt nanocluster co-catalysts on TiO2 using an unmodified commercial source and equipment that is commonly available. Transmission electron microscopy reveals that the procedure produces TiO2 decorated with Pt atoms and nanoclusters (1–5 atoms). Optical reflectance and X-ray diffraction measurements show that the procedure does not affect the TiO2 polymorph or ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorbance. Gas phase photocatalytic splitting of heavy water (D2O) shows that the Pt nanocluster-decorated TiO2 outperforms Pt nanoparticle (produced by photodeposition) decorated TiO2 in D2 production. Pt nanoclusters, produced directly from a commercial source, with high co-catalyst activity, are prime candidates to be used in benchmark photocatalytic reactions.
A virtual instrument to standardise the calibration of atomic force microscope cantilevers
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 09-2016
DOI: 10.1063/1.4962866
Abstract: Atomic force microscope (AFM) users often calibrate the spring constants of cantilevers using functionality built into in idual instruments. This calibration is performed without reference to a global standard, hindering the robust comparison of force measurements reported by different laboratories. Here, we describe a virtual instrument (an internet-based initiative) whereby users from all laboratories can instantly and quantitatively compare their calibration measurements to those of others—standardising AFM force measurements—and simultaneously enabling non-invasive calibration of AFM cantilevers of any geometry. This global calibration initiative requires no additional instrumentation or data processing on the part of the user. It utilises a single website where users upload currently available data. A proof-of-principle demonstration of this initiative is presented using measured data from five independent laboratories across three countries, which also allows for an assessment of current calibration.
Optimization and Doping of Reduced Graphene Oxide-Silicon Solar Cells
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 15-12-2016
Plasma enhanced vortex fluidic device manipulation of graphene oxide
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C6CC04032B
Abstract: A vortex fluid device (VFD) with non-thermal plasma liquid processing within dynamic thin films has been developed.
Restructuring of Dye Layers in Dye Sensitized Solar Cells: Cooperative Adsorption of N719 and Chenodeoxycholic Acid on Titania
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 07-12-2018
Simulation of Water Transport Through Functionalized Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNTs)
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 15-11-2012
DOI: 10.1021/JP307679H
Heterojunction Solar Cells Based on Silicon and Composite Films of Graphene Oxide and Carbon Nanotubes
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-05-2015
Abstract: Graphene oxide (GO) sheets have been used as the surfactant to disperse single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNT) in water to prepare GO/CNT electrodes that are applied to silicon to form a heterojunction that can be used in solar cells. GO/CNT films with different ratios of the two components and with various thicknesses have been used as semitransparent electrodes, and the influence of both factors on the performance of the solar cell has been studied. The degradation rate of the GO/CNT-silicon devices under ambient conditions has also been explored. The influence of the film thickness on the device performance is related to the interplay of two competing factors, namely, sheet resistance and transmittance. CNTs help to improve the conductivity of the GO/CNT film, and GO is able to protect the silicon from oxidation in the atmosphere.
Direct‐Patterning SWCNTs Using Dip Pen Nanolithography for SWCNT/Silicon Solar Cells
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-03-2018
Abstract: Dip pen nanolithography (DPN) is used to pattern single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) lines between the n-type Si and SWCNT film in SWCNT/Si solar cells. The SWCNT ink composition, loading, and DPN pretreatment are optimized to improve patterning. This improved DPN technique is then used to successfully pattern >1 mm long SWCNT lines consistently. This is a 20-fold increase in the previously reported direct-patterning of SWCNT lines using the DPN technique, and demonstrates the scalability of the technique to pattern larger areas. The degree of the uniformity of SWCNTs in these lines is further characterized by Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The patterned SWCNT lines are used as thin conductive pathways in SWCNT/Si solar cells, similar to front contact electrodes. The critical parameters of these solar cells are measured and compared to control cells without SWCNT lines. The addition of SWCNT lines increases power conversion efficiency by 40% (relative). Importantly, the SWCNT lines reduce average series resistance by 44%, and consequently increase average fill factor by 24%.
Nanocarbons for mesoscopic perovskite solar cells
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1039/C5TA00873E
Abstract: This review outlines the progress that has been reported on using carbon based nanostructures in perovskite solar cells and discusses their possible further applications to deliver high efficiency, long lifetime, low cost PSCs.
Non-destructive functionalisation for atomic layer deposition of metal oxides on carbon nanotubes: effect of linking agents and defects
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1039/C4NR04615C
Abstract: The hybridisation of metal oxides and nanocarbons has created a promising new class of functional materials for environmental and sustainable energy applications.
Preparation and characterisation of vertically aligned single-walled carbon nanotube arrays on porous silicon
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 26-12-2008
DOI: 10.1117/12.811472
Application of Functional Hybrids Incorporating Carbon Nanotubes or Graphene
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2014
Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Enhance the Efficiency and Stability of Mesoscopic Perovskite Solar Cells
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 02-06-2017
Abstract: Carbon nanotubes are 1D nanocarbons with excellent properties and have been extensively used in various electronic and optoelectronic device applications including solar cells. Herein, we report a significant enhancement in the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) by employing single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in the mesoporous photoelectrode. It was found that SWCNTs provide both rapid electron transfer and advantageously shifts the conduction band minimum of the TiO
Carbon Nanotubes Anchored to Silicon for Device Fabrication
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-02-2010
Abstract: This report highlights recent progress in the fabrication of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VA-CNTs) on silicon-based materials. Research into these nanostructured composite materials is spurred by the importance of silicon as a basis for most current devices and the disruptive properties of CNTs. Various CNT attachments methods of covalent and adsorptive nature are critically compared. Selected ex les of device applications where the VA-CNT on silicon assemblies are showing particular promise are discussed. These applications include field emitters, filtration membranes, dry adhesives, sensors and scaffolds for biointerfaces.
Efficiency Enhancement of Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotube‐Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells Using Microwave‐Exfoliated Few‐Layer Black Phosphorus
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-11-2017
Application of hole-transporting materials as the interlayer in graphene oxide/single-wall carbon nanotube silicon heterojunction solar cells
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1071/CH17380
Abstract: Solid-state hole-transporting materials, including the traditional poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), and recently developed 4,4′-(naphthalene-2,6-diyl)bis(N,N-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)aniline) (NAP) and (E)-4′,4‴-(ethene-1,2-diyl)bis(N,N-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-[1″,1‴-biphenyl]-4-amine) (BPV), have been applied as a hole-transporting interlayer (HTL) for graphene oxide/single-walled carbon nanotube–silicon (GOCNT/Si) heterojunction solar cells, forming a GOCNT/HTL/Si architecture. The influence of the thickness of the HTL has been studied. A new AuCl3 doping process based on bath immersion has been developed and proved to improve the efficiency. With the AuCl3-doped GOCNT electrodes, the efficiency of GOCNT/PEDOT:PSS/Si, GOCNT/NAP/Si, and GOCNT/BPV/Si devices was improved to 12.05 ± 0.21, 10.57 ± 0.37, and 10.68 ± 0.27 % respectively. This study reveals that the addition of an HTL is able to dramatically minimise recombination at the heterojunction interface.
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