ORCID Profile
0000-0003-2189-3525
Current Organisation
University of Adelaide
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Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-05-2011
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-2009
DOI: 10.1111/J.1752-7325.2009.00151.X
Abstract: The objective of this study was to determine risk factors for a summary measure of oral health impairment among 18- to 34-year-olds in Australia. Data were from Australia's National Survey of Adult Oral Health, a representative survey that utilized a three-stage, stratified, clustered s ling design. Oral health impairment was defined as reported experience of toothache, poor dental appearance, or food avoidance in the last 12 months. Multivariate Poisson regression models were used to evaluate effects of sociodemographic characteristics, self-perceived oral health, dental service utilization, and clinical oral disease indicators on oral health impairments. Effects were quantified as prevalence ratios (PR). The estimated percent of 18- to 34-year-olds with oral health impairment was 42.4 [95 percent confidence interval (CI) 37.7-47.2]. In the multivariate model, oral health impairment was associated with untreated dental decay (PR 1.38, 95 percent CI 1.13-1.68) and presence of periodontal pockets 4 mm+ (PR 1.29, 95 percent CI 1.03-1.61). In addition to those clinical indicators, greater prevalence of oral health impairment was associated with trouble paying a $100 dental bill (PR 1.37, 95 percent CI 1.12-1.68), usually visiting a dentist because of a dental problem (PR 1.46, 95 percent CI 1.15-1.86), reported cost barriers to dental care (PR 1.46, 95 percent CI 1.16-1.85), and dental fear (PR 1.43, 95 percent CI 1.18-1.73). Oral health impairment was highly prevalent in this population. The findings suggest that treatment of dental disease, reduction of financial barriers to dental care, and control of dental fear are needed to reduce oral health impairment among Australian young adults.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2017
Abstract: The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of abdominal and general obesity on periodontal outcomes in a population-based cohort of Brazilian adults. Abdominal and general obesity were assessed in the years 2009 (n = 1,720) and 2012 (n = 1,222). For abdominal obesity, a dichotomous variable was created: 1) eutrophic/lost weight or 2) obese/gained weight. For general obesity, a categorical variable was created: 1) eutrophic/lost weight 2) gained weight or 3) obese. Periodontal outcomes were percentage of teeth with bleeding on probing (BOP) and combination of BOP and attachment loss (AL). Hypertension was set as the mediator. Marginal structural models (MSMs) were used to estimate the controlled direct effect of obesity on periodontal outcomes. Periodontal data were presented from 1,066 participants. The total effect model showed those with general obesity in the cohort period presented higher risk of unfavorable periodontal outcomes (rate ratio [RR]: 1.45 for AL and BOP in different teeth RR: 1.84 for AL and BOP in the same tooth). Estimates from MSMs revealed an effect of general obesity on AL and BOP in different teeth (RR: 1.44). No effect of general obesity was noted on the percentage of BOP. Total effect of abdominal obesity increased risk of AL and BOP in different teeth (RR: 1.47), AL and BOP in the same tooth (RR: 2.77), and percentage of BOP (RR: 1.49). In a MSM, those with abdominal obesity presented greater risk of AL and BOP in the same tooth (RR: 2.16) and percentage of BOP (RR: 1.37). Abdominal obesity has a direct effect on unfavorable periodontal outcomes in MSMs.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-09-2016
DOI: 10.1111/CDOE.12259
Abstract: To estimate the effect of mothers' education on Indigenous Australian children's dental caries experience while controlling for the mediating effect of children's sweet food intake. The Longitudinal Study of Indigenous Children is a study of two representative cohorts of Indigenous Australian children, aged from 6 months to 2 years (baby cohort) and from 3.5 to 5 years (child cohort) at baseline. The children's primary caregiver undertook a face-to-face interview in 2008 and repeated annually for the next 4 years. Data included household demographics, child health (nutrition information and dental health), maternal conditions and highest qualification levels. Mother's educational level was classified into four categories: 0-9 years, 10 years, 11-12 years and >12 years. Children's mean sweet food intake was categorized as 30%. After multiple imputation of missing values, a marginal structural model with stabilized inverse probability weights was used to estimate the direct effect of mothers' education level on children's dental decay experience. From 2008 to 2012, complete data on 1720 mother-child dyads were available. Dental caries experience for children was 42.3% over the 5-year period. The controlled direct effect estimates of mother's education on child dental caries were 1.21 (95% CI: 1.01-1.45), 1.03 (95% CI: 0.91-1.18) and 1.07 (95% CI: 0.93-1.22) after multiple imputation of missing values, the effects were 1.21 (95% CI: 1.05-1.39), 1.06 (95% CI: 0.94-1.19) and 1.06 (95% CI: 0.95-1.19), comparing '0-9', '10' and '11-12' years to > 12 years of education. Mothers' education level had a direct effect on children's dental decay experience that was not mediated by sweet food intake and other risk factors when estimated using a marginal structural model.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-09-2021
DOI: 10.1111/CDOE.12699
Abstract: This study aims to investigate the mediating pathways of oral health literacy (OHL) and oral health‐related behaviours on the relationship between education and self‐reported tooth loss among Australian adults. Data used for studying the effects of mediating pathways are from the National Dental Telephone Interview Survey 2013, a random s le survey of Australian adults aged 18+ years. To study the mediating effects, we use counterfactual‐based analysis. To decompose the effect of multiple mediator’s alternate, to natural effect, methods such as interventional effects have been proposed. In this paper, we use these approaches to decompose the effect between education, OHL and oral health‐related behaviours on self‐reported tooth loss. Sensitivity analysis was performed for unmeasured confounding with multiple mediators. Data were available for 2936 Australian adults. The prevalence of persons with ≥12 self‐reported tooth loss was approximately 15%. The average total causal effect from the low education group was nearly 150%, and the interventional indirect effect through OHL and the dependence of oral health‐related behaviours on OHL to more than 12 missing teeth were 20% and 120%, respectively, higher than in the high education group. Sensitivity analysis indicated if the difference in the prevalence of unmeasured confounder is as big as 6% the direct effect and the indirect effect remains as observed. An additional two‐fifths reduction on having more than 12 missing teeth for Australian adults with lower education level could be achieved if the proportion of lower OHL was decreased and optimal dental behaviours were increased.
Publisher: Project MUSE
Date: 2016
Abstract: The aim of this study was to describe the impact of oral health conditions among a convenience s le of Indigenous Australian adults and compare findings with nationally representative data. Data were obtained from the Indigenous Oral Health Literacy Project (IOHLP) based in South Australia. Nationally representative data were obtained from the National Survey of Adult Oral Health (NSAOH). The impact of oral disease was measured using the shortened form of the oral health impact profile, OHIP-14. All data were standardised by age group and sex utilising Census data. For each OHIP-14 measure the impact was greater for IOHLP participants. There was considerable variation in the degree of difference between IOHLP and NSAOH participants for in idual OHIP-14 items. High levels of effects of oral health conditions were reported by rural-dwelling Indigenous adults. This may exacerbate the health and social disadvantage experienced by this marginalised group.
Publisher: Project MUSE
Date: 2016
Abstract: Dental diseases have shown to be influenced by area-level socioeconomic status. This study aims to assess the effects of change in area-level SES on the oral health of Australian Indigenous children. Data were collected from a national surveillance survey for children's dental health at two points of time (2000-2002/2007-2010). The study examines caries experienced by area-level SES and whether changes in area-level SES (stable-high, upwardly-mobile, downwardly-mobile and stable low) affects caries experience. Dental caries in both the deciduous and permanent dentition increased significantly among Indigenous children during the study period. In stable low-SES areas, the experience of decayed, missing and overall dmft/DMFT in both dentitions was highest compared with other groups at both Time 1(2.15 vs 1.61, 1.77, 1.87 and 0.86 vs 0.55, 0.67, 0.70 respectively) and Time 2 (3.23 vs 2.08, 2.17, 2.02 and 1.49 vs 1.18, 1.21 respectively). A change in area-level SES was associated with experience of dental disease among Indigenous Australian children.
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 28-08-2023
DOI: 10.2196/52233
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-08-2015
DOI: 10.1111/CDOE.12192
Abstract: A study was conducted to develop and validate a screening model using risk scores to identify in iduals at high risk for developing oral cancer in an Indian population. Life-course data collected from a multicentre case-control study in India were used. Interview was conducted to collect information on predictors limited to the time before the onset of symptoms or cancer diagnosis. Predictors included statistically significant risk factors in the multivariable model. A risk score for each predictor was derived from respective odds ratios (OR). Discrimination of the final model, risk scores and various risk score cut-offs was examined using the c statistic. The optimal cut-off was determined as the one with good area under curve (AUC) and high sensitivity. Predictive ability of the regression model and cut-off risk score was determined by calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV). Models were validated from a bootstrap s le. Smoking, chewing quid and/or tobacco, alcohol, a family history of upper aero-digestive tract cancer, diet and oral hygiene behaviour were the predictors. Risk scores ranged from 0 to 28. Area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for risk scores was good (0.866). The sensitivity (0.928) and negative predictive value (0.927) were high, while specificity (0.603) and positive predictive value (0.607) were low for a risk score cut-off of 6. A risk score model to screen for in iduals with high risk of oral cancer with satisfactory predictive ability was developed in the Indian population. Validation of the model in other populations is necessary before it can be recommended to identify subgroups of the population to be directed towards more extensive clinical evaluation.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 31-07-2014
Abstract: This study aimed to (1) describe social gradients in dental caries in a population-level survey and (2) examine whether inequalities are greater in disease experience or in its treatment. Using data from Australia’s National Survey of Adult Oral Health 2004-2006, we examined absolute and relative income inequalities for DMFT and its separate components (DT, MT, FT) using adjusted proportions, means, and health disparity indices [Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and Relative Index of Inequality (RII)]. Approximately 90% of Australian adults had experienced caries, with prevalence ranging from 89.7% in the highest to 96.6% in the lowest income group. Social gradients in caries were evident across all components of DMFT, but particularly notable in Missing (SII = −15.5, RII = −0.3) and untreated Decay (SII = −23.7, RII = −0.9). Analysis of age- and gender-adjusted data indicated less variation in levels of disease experienced (DMFT) than in the health outcomes of its management (missing teeth). The findings indicate that social gradients for dental caries have a greater effect on how the disease was treated than on lifetime disease experience.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-10-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2013
DOI: 10.1016/J.GACETA.2013.02.004
Abstract: To identify the factors that influence the use of dental services in 4-7-year-olds and in 10-13-year-olds resident in the cities of Talca (Chile) and Montreal (Canada). A nonprobabilistic cross-sectional study was carried out in 147 boys and girls in Talca and in 94 boys and girls in Montreal between 2009 and 2011. Sociodemographic variables were recorded in parents and children, including age and sex. Data were also gathered on parental education, family composition, and proximity to health centers within neighborhoods. The data were analyzed with Fisher's exact test and the robust Cox regression model (with constant time) with a significance level of 0,05. In Talca, parental education was significantly associated with dental care visits at least twice a year. The children of parents with university education were 2.20 times more likely to consult a dentist (95% CI: 1.30-3.73). Children whose parents perceived their children's health positively were 53% (OR = 0,47 95% CI: 0,28-0,77) less likely to consult a dentist. In Montreal, the children of parents with university education were 2.10 times more likely to consult a dentist (95%CI: 1.17-3.76), while older children (10-13 years) were 2.11 (95% CI: 1.15-3.88) times more likely to consult a dentist. In both cities, parental education level was associated with the use of dental services.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-09-2012
DOI: 10.1111/J.1600-0528.2012.00727.X
Abstract: This article provides a conceptual base for population oral health measurement and argues that problems associated with particular indices are subject to the basic issues of knowing what to measure and the level of measurement required to address the object of study and provide clear information about the health of the population as a whole. Alternative approaches to caries measurement are presented using data from South Australian children attending the school dental services during 2007. While threshold selection of case definitions depicted different profiles of the same population, the inclusion of non-cavitated lesions did not alter the general disease profile of the population. The types of measures used depend on the purpose, nature of the data, and conceptualization of the phenomenon, and should continually refer to the population level. In population oral health, controversies surrounding outcome measures, such as caries indices, are moving away from addressing core issues to narrowing mechanistic views. Fundamental deliberations should include the valuation of health states, clearly defining health and disease and distinguishing between disease, determinants and the impacts of disease.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 28-07-2016
Abstract: The objective was to compare absolute differences in the prevalence of Indigenous-related inequalities in dental disease experience and self-rated oral health in Australia, Canada, and New Zealand. Data were sourced from national oral health surveys in Australia (2004 to 2006), Canada (2007 to 2009), and New Zealand (2009). Participants were aged ≥18 y. The authors measured age- and sex-adjusted inequalities by estimating absolute prevalence differences and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Clinical measures included the prevalence of untreated decayed teeth, missing teeth, and filled teeth self-reported measures included the prevalence of “fair” or “poor” self-rated oral health. The overall pattern of Indigenous disadvantage was similar across all countries. The summary estimates for the adjusted prevalence differences were as follows: 16.5 (95% CI: 11.1 to 21.9) for decayed teeth (all countries combined), 18.2 (95% CI: 12.5 to 24.0) for missing teeth, 0.8 (95% CI: –1.9 to 3.5) for filled teeth, and 17.5 (95% CI: 11.3 to 23.6) for fair oor self-rated oral health. The I 2 estimates were small for each outcome: 0.0% for decayed, missing, and filled teeth and 11.6% for fair oor self-rated oral health. Irrespective of country, when compared with their non-Indigenous counterparts, Indigenous persons had more untreated dental caries and missing teeth, fewer teeth that had been restored (with the exception of Canada), and a higher proportion reporting fair oor self-rated oral health. There were no discernible differences among the 3 countries.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-01-2009
DOI: 10.1111/J.1600-0528.2008.00451.X
Abstract: To determine predictors of untreated dental decay among 15-34-year-olds in Australia. Data were from Australia's National Survey of Adult Oral Health, a representative survey that utilized a three-stage, stratified clustered s ling design. Models representing demographic, socioeconomic, dental service utilization and oral health perception variables were tested using multivariable logistic regression to produce odds ratios. An estimated 25.8% (95% CI 22.4-29.5) of 15-34-year-old Australians had untreated dental decay. After controlling for other covariates, those who lived in a location other than a capital city had 2.0 times the odds of having untreated dental decay than their capital city-dwelling counterparts (95% CI 1.29-3.06). Similarly, those whose highest level of education was not a university degree had 2.1 times the odds of experiencing untreated dental decay (95% CI 1.35-3.31). Perceived need of extractions or restorations predicted untreated coronal decay, with 2.9 times the odds for those who perceived a treatment need over those with no such treatment need perception (95% CI 1.84-4.53). Participants who experienced dental fear had 2.2 times the odds of having untreated dental decay (95% CI 1.38-3.41), while those who reported experiencing toothache, orofacial pain or food avoidance in the last 12 months had 1.9 times the odds of having untreated dental decay than their counterparts with no such oral health-related quality-of-life impact (95% CI 1.20-2.92). The multivariate model achieved a 'useful' level of accuracy in predicting untreated decay (area under the ROC curve = 0.74 sensitivity = 0.63 specificity = 0.73). In the Australian young adult population, residential location, education level, perceived need for dental care, dental fear, toothache, orofacial pain or food avoidance together were predictors of untreated dental decay. The prediction model had acceptable specificity, indicating that it may be useful as part of a triage system for health departments wishing to screen by means of a questionnaire for apparently-dentally healthy 15-34-year-olds.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-07-2017
DOI: 10.1111/ADJ.12531
Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between early-life family income and dental pain experience from childhood to early adulthood. Data came from a 14-year prospective study (1991/1992-2005/2006) carried out in South Australia, which included children and adolescents aged 4-17 years (N = 9875) at baseline. The outcome was dental pain experience obtained at baseline, 14 years later in adulthood and at a middle point of time. The main explanatory variable was early-life family income collected at baseline. The prevalence of dental pain was 22.8% at baseline, 19.3% at 'middle time' and 39.3% at follow up. The proportion of people classified as 'poor' at baseline was 27.7%. Being poor early in life was significantly associated with dental pain at 14-year follow up (odds ratio = 1.45 95% confidence interval = 1.27-1.66). Early-life relative poverty is associated with more frequent dental pain across the 14-year follow up and may be a key exposure variable for later dental conditions.
Publisher: SciELO Espana/Repisalud
Date: 12-2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-05-2009
DOI: 10.1111/J.1834-7819.2009.01108.X
Abstract: Australian adults reportedly have poor oral health when compared to 28 other OECD countries. The Australian ranking was based on edentulism and caries experience data from selected age groups that apparently were collected in 1987-88. The objective of this study was to compare the oral health of Australian adults with that of three other western countries that have comprehensive oral health survey data. Published data were obtained from the NHANES 2003-2004, the Fourth German Oral Health Study 2005 and the UK Adult Dental Health Survey 1998. Data from the Australian NSAOH 2004-06 were analysed to generate comparable age-specific estimates using nine dental clinical indicators, two measures of oral hygiene behaviour and two of dental attendance. Australia had the best oral health based on two clinical indicators, was equal first on three indicators and ranked second in the remaining clinical indicators. Australia ranked first or second based on dental flossing, use of mouthwash and frequency of dental attendance. The oral health of the Australian adult population was among the best of the four nations studied.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2008
DOI: 10.1111/J.1752-7325.2007.00073.X
Abstract: The need to study the health and health care determinants of US Hispanics is mandated by their rapid population growth. Nonetheless, it is challenging to study such a erse population that incorporates many similarities and differences in values and experiences. This paper aims to highlight the factors that should be considered in Hispanic oral health research in the United States, and presents, in a theoretical framework, the relationships between these factors. The proposed ecological framework is supported by an extensive literature review, with an emphasis on the factors that are reported to differ among ethnic groups. It has a foundation in social science and is based on existing models from different fields of knowledge. To be comprehensive, the framework simultaneously addresses in idual and environmental constructs. Within these, antecedent factors shape the intention to seek oral health care, while empowerment factors play a mediating role between intention and actual receipt of care. In idual antecedent factors incorporate risk markers, need, and predisposing factors. Environmental antecedent factors are represented by social constructs that allude to the population's health culture. Empowerment factors explain the level of control that a person perceives or the environment provides in receiving care. A thorough consideration of the factors that drive Hispanics' oral health care usage will aid US researchers and practitioners in improving this population's health and access to care.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-2018
DOI: 10.21815/JDE.018.130
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 13-09-2012
Abstract: With clinical oral examinations not always possible in health surveys, researchers may instead be invited to add questions to a wider health survey. In such situations, an item is needed which adequately represents both clinical and self-reported oral health. This study investigated the clinical validity of Locker’s global self-reported oral health item among young middle-aged adults in populations in New Zealand and Australia. Clinical examination and self-report data (including the OHIP-14) were obtained from recent national dental surveys in NZ and Australia, and from age-38 assessments in the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study. National dataset analyses involved 35- to 44-year-olds. Caries and tooth-loss experience showed mostly consistent, statistically significant gradients across the Locker item responses those responding ‘Excellent’ had the lowest scores, and those responding ‘Poor’ the highest. Periodontitis experience gradients in the NZ national s le were mainly as hypothesized those rating their oral health as ‘Poor’ had the highest disease experience. OHIP-14 gradients across the Locker item responses were consistent and as hypothesized. The proportion of disease in the population borne by those ‘Fair’ or ‘Poor’ ranged from 26% to 72%. These findings provide preliminary support for the measure’s validity as a global self-reported oral health measure in young middle-aged adults.
Publisher: Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention
Date: 30-10-2013
DOI: 10.7314/APJCP.2013.14.10.5567
Abstract: The prevalence of oral cancers (OC) is high in Asian countries, especially in South and Southeast Asia. Asian distinct cultural practices such as betel-quid chewing, and varying patterns of tobacco and alcohol use are important risk factors that predispose to cancer of the oral cavity. The aim of this review is to provide an update on epidemiology of OC between 2000 and 2012. A literature search for this review was conducted on Medline for articles on OC from Asian countries. Some of the articles were also hand searched using Google. High incidence rates were reported from developing nations like India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Taiwan and Sri Lanka. While an increasing trend has been observed in Pakistan, Taiwan and Thailand, a decreasing trend is seen in Philippines and Sri Lanka. The mean age of occurrence of cancer in different parts of oral cavity is usually between 51-55 years in most countries. The tongue is the leading site among oral cancers in India. The next most common sites in Asian countries include the buccal mucosa and gingiva. The 5 year survival rate has been low for OC, despite improvements in diagnosis and treatment. Tobacco chewing, smoking and alcohol are the main reasons for the increasing incidence rates. Low socioeconomic status and diet low in nutritional value lacking vegetables and fruits contribute towards the risk. In addition, viral infections, such as HPV and poor oral hygiene, are other important risk factors. Hence, it is important to control OC by screening for early diagnosis and controlling tobacco and alcohol use. It is also necessary to have cancer surveillance at the national-level to collect and utilise data for cancer prevention and control programs.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-01-2018
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 07-2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-12-2010
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-01-2013
DOI: 10.1111/ADJ.12031
Abstract: A study undertaken in 1992-1993 identified that HIV-infected dental patients were substantially disadvantaged with regard to the social impact of their oral disease. The oral pain experienced by HIV-positive patients prior to the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) was attributable to specific features of HIV-related periodontal disease and other oral manifestations of HIV such as candida infections and xerostomia. A repeat of this study in 2009-2010 provided additional information in the post-cART era. Data were collected from three sources: the 2009-2010 HIV-positive s le, the National Survey of Adult Oral Health (NSAOH) and the original 1992-1993 study. Collation of data was by clinical and radiographic oral examination. Information about the social impact of oral conditions was obtained from the Oral Health Impact Profile. The caries experience of the 2009-2010 HIV-positive s le was improved with statistical significance for both mean DMFT and mean DT, while the presence of HIV-related periodontal disease still occurs. Statistically significant improvements were achieved for prevalence and severity of oral health related quality of life. The need for timely access to oral health care with a focus on prevention is essential for HIV-positive in iduals whose health is impacted by chronic disease, smoking and salivary hypofunction.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-05-2014
DOI: 10.1111/ADJ.12173
Abstract: The reasons why social inequality is associated with oral health outcomes is poorly understood. This study investigated whether stratification by different measures of socio-economic status (SES) helped elucidate these associations. Cross-sectional survey data were used from Australia's 2004-06 National Survey of Adult Oral Health. The outcome variable was poor self-rated oral health. Explanatory variables comprised five domains: demographic, economic, general health behaviour, oral health-related quality of life and perceived need for dental care. These explanatory variables were each stratified by three measures of SES: education, income and occupation. The overall proportion of adults reporting fair or poor oral health was 17.0% (95% CI 16.1, 18.0). Of these, a higher proportion were older, Indigenous, non-Australian born, poorly educated, annual income <$20 000, unemployed, eligible for public dental care, smoked tobacco, avoided food in the last 12 months, experienced discomfort with their dental appearance, experienced toothache or reported a need for dental care. In stratified analyses, a greater number of differences persisted in the oral health impairment and perceived need for dental care domains. Irrespective of the SES measure used, more associations between self-rated oral health and dental-specific factors were observed than associations between self-rated oral health and general factors.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2019
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-2017
DOI: 10.1111/IDH.12234
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease are highly prevalent among Indigenous Australian adults. Untreated periodontitis impacts glycaemic control in people with diabetes. The aim of this study was to report on the effect of periodontal therapy on glycaemic control among people with obesity. This subgroup analysis is limited to 62 participants with diabetes from the original 273 Aboriginal Australian adults enrolled into the PerioCardio study. Intervention participants received full-mouth non-surgical periodontal scaling during a single, untimed session while controls were untreated. Endpoints of interest included change in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), C-reactive protein (CRP) and periodontal status at 3 months post-intervention. There were more females randomized to the treatment group (n = 17) than control (n = 10) while the control group had a higher overall body mass index (BMI) [mean (SD)] 33.1 (9.7 kg m Non-surgical periodontal therapy did not significantly reduce glycated haemoglobin in participants with type 2 diabetes. Reasons are likely to be multifactorial and may be influenced by persistent periodontal inflammation at the follow-up appointments. Alternatively, the BMI of study participants may impact glycaemic control via alternative mechanisms involving the interplay between inflammation and adiposity meaning HbA1c may not be amenable to periodontal therapy in these in iduals.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-2014
DOI: 10.1111/AJR.12107
Abstract: To examine the association between children's clinical oral health status and their residential location using the latest available data (2009) and to ascertain whether poor oral health among rural children is related to being Indigenous, having less access to fluoridated water or being of lower socioeconomic status (SES), than children from urban areas. Cross-sectional survey. Data were collected on 74, 467 children aged 5-12 years attending school dental services in Australia (data were not available for Victoria or New South Wales). Clinical oral health was determined by the mean number of permanent teeth with untreated caries, missing and filled permanent teeth, and the mean decayed, missing and filled permanent teeth index (DMFT) of 8 to 12-year-old-children and the mean number deciduous teeth with untreated caries, missing and filled deciduous teeth, and the mean decayed, missing and filled deciduous teeth index (dmft) of 5-10-year-olds. The multivariable models that included coefficients on whether the child was Indigenous, from an area with fluoridated water and SES, were controlled for age and sex. The mean DMFT of 8-12-year-old children and the mean dmft of 5-10-year-old-children were significantly higher in rural areas compared with urban centres after accounting for Indigenous status, fluoridated water and SES. Children's oral health was poorer in rural areas than in major city areas.
Publisher: Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad de Concepcion
Date: 23-11-2016
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-06-2023
DOI: 10.1002/HPJA.765
Abstract: The Wellbeing Economy, which places human and ecological wellbeing at the centre of policy making, aligns with holistic Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander conceptualisations of health and wellbeing. In order to address chronic diseases in South Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander populations, the South Australian Aboriginal Chronic Disease Consortium (Consortium) is fostering action in ways that align both with the Wellbeing Economy and with Health in All Policies (HiAP) approaches. In June 2017, the Consortium was established as a collaborative partnership between government and non‐government organisations, researchers, Aboriginal organisations and communities to lead the effective implementation of three state‐wide chronic disease plans. A coordinating centre was funded to support and progress the work of the Consortium. During its first 5 years, the Consortium has developed a foundation for sustained system reform through partnering with stakeholders, leading projects and initiatives, advocating for key priorities, leveraging existing infrastructure and funding, supporting services, and coordinating delivery of priority actions using innovative approaches. Through the Consortium governance structure, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community members, policy actors, service providers and researchers oversee, drive, influence and support the implementation of priority action initiatives. Sustained funding, competing priorities of partner organisations and project evaluation are constant challenges. A consortium approach provides direction and shared priorities, which foster collaboration across and between organisations, service providers and the Aboriginal community. Aligning with HiAP approaches and the Wellbeing Economy, it harnesses knowledge, networks and partnerships that support project implementation and reduce duplication.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-02-2017
DOI: 10.1111/CDOE.12285
Abstract: To conduct cross-national comparison of education-based inequalities in tooth loss across Australia, Canada, Chile, New Zealand and the United States. We used nationally representative data from Australia's National Survey of Adult Oral Health Canadian Health Measures Survey Chile's First National Health Survey Ministry of Health US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the New Zealand Oral Health Survey. We examined the prevalence of edentulism, the proportion of in iduals having <21 teeth and the mean number of teeth present. We used education as a measure of socioeconomic position and measured absolute and relative inequalities. We used random-effects meta-analysis to summarize inequality estimates. The USA showed the widest absolute and relative inequality in edentulism prevalence, whereas Chile demonstrated the largest absolute and relative social inequality gradient for the mean number of teeth present. Australia had the narrowest absolute and relative inequality gap for proportion of in iduals having <21 teeth. Pooled estimates showed substantial heterogeneity for both absolute and relative inequality measures. There is a considerable variation in the magnitude of inequalities in tooth loss across the countries included in this analysis.
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 28-08-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2013
DOI: 10.1111/IDJ.12032
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-10-2022
DOI: 10.1111/ADJ.12942
Abstract: Oral health service utilization contributes to positive oral health and indicates realised access to services. The study aimed to describe patterns of oral health service use among overseas‐born and Australian‐born populations and assess equity in access to services. The study used data from Australia's National Study of Adult Oral Health 2017–2018 and was guided by the Aday and Andersen framework of access to health and Australia's National Oral Health Plan. Descriptive analyses of service use by perceived need, enabling and predisposing factors were compared between four groups: Australian‐born and overseas‐born who mainly speak English and Australian‐born and overseas‐born who mainly speak a language other than English. Overseas‐born who mainly speak a language other than English experienced greater oral health care inequity, largely driven by financial difficulty (avoided care due to cost: 42% vs 27%–28% avoided/delayed visiting due to cost: 48% vs. 37%–38% cost prevented treatment: 32% vs. 18%–24%). The most favourable visiting patterns were among the Australian‐born population who speak a language other than English. The study shows clear inequity experienced among immigrants in accessibility as measured through indicators of oral health care utilization and factors related to inequity, such as the ability to pay for services.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-2010
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-2018
Location: United States of America
Location: United States of America
Location: United States of America
Location: Australia
No related grants have been discovered for Gloria Mejia.