ORCID Profile
0000-0001-6766-4184
Current Organisation
James Cook University
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Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 22-05-2018
Abstract: Wearable technologies, such as inertial measurement units, are being increasingly utilised in sport to provide immediate feedback to athletes and coaches on movement dynamics. This study examines the validity of inertial measurement units for measuring data pertinent to discus throwing namely shoulder–pelvis separation angle, and torso and pelvis transverse plane orientation. Five discus throwers performed 10 throws, while shoulder–pelvis separation angle, and torso and pelvis transverse plane orientation were measured simultaneously using a motion capture system and inertial measurement unit system. Time-series torso and pelvis orientation data were compared to determine the validity of the inertial measurement unit system for measuring the segment orientation. Discrete shoulder–pelvis separation angle data were compared to determine the validity of the inertial measurement unit system for measuring the discrete data pertinent to discus throwers and coaches. Discrete data examined were magnitudes of separation that occurred when the torso was maximally rotated to the left and right. Data were compared using root mean square difference and root mean square relative to angle range (RMS%). Bland–Altman analyses were also performed. Torso (RMS% = 3%) and pelvis (RMS% = 2%) orientation data agreed closely. Agreement was lower for separation angle (maximum left rotation RMS% = 9% maximum right rotation RMS% = 13%). Bland–Altman biases indicate inertial measurement units underestimated segment orientation, underestimated maximum right rotation, and overestimated maximum left rotation. The protocol described was valid for measuring the torso and pelvis orientation. Separation angle validity was low, indicating differences in underlying modelling approaches. Further investigation is needed to examine more optimal sensor positioning, and novel ways of examining shoulder–pelvis dynamics.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 29-01-2020
Abstract: Because of the complex and multifaceted nature of running injuries, a multifactorial approach when investigating running injuries is required. Compared with uninjured runners, injured runners would exhibit different running biomechanics, display more fatigue changes, and would run a greater weekly running volume more injured runners would also report having a previous injury. Prospective cohort study. Level 4. At commencement of the study, data were collected on demographics, anthropometrics, training history, previous injury history, and center-of-mass accelerations during a long-distance overground run. Participants completed weekly training diaries and were monitored for 1 year for an injury. A total of 76 runners completed the study, with 39 (22 male 17 female) reporting an injury. Compared with male uninjured runners, male injured runners were heavier and ran a greater weekly distance. Male runners (injured and uninjured) exhibited increases in mediolateral center-of-mass accelerations during the run. Compared with female uninjured runners, female injured runners were heavier, ran with longer flight times and lower step frequencies, and more of them had reported an injury in the previous year and had increased speed training in the weeks prior to injury. Over 60% of male injured runners and over 50% of female injured runners had increased their weekly running distance by % between consecutive weeks at least once in the 4 weeks prior to injury. Factors that may be related to injury for male runners include being heavier, running a greater weekly distance, and exhibiting fatigue changes in mediolateral center-of-mass accelerations. Factors that may be related to injury for female runners include being heavier, having an injury in the previous year, running with longer flight times and lower step frequencies, and increasing speed training prior to injury. Increases in weekly running distance in 1 consecutive week (particularly %) needs to be monitored in training, and this along with the other factors found may have contributed to injury development. This study found that multiple factors are related to running injuries and that some factors are sex specific. The findings can aid in injury prevention and management.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2019
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 22-10-2020
DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2019.1683385
Abstract: A common practice in resistance training is to perform sets of exercises at, or close to failure, which can alter movement dynamics. This study examined ankle, knee, hip, and lumbo-pelvis dynamics during the barbell back squat under a moderate-heavy load (80% of 1 repetition maximum (1RM)) when performed to failure. Eleven resistance trained males performed three sets to volitional failure. Sagittal plane movement dynamics at the ankle, knee, hip, and lumbo-pelvis were examined specifically, joint moments, joint angles, joint angular velocity, and joint power. The second repetition of the first set and the final repetition of the third set were compared. Results showed that while the joint movements slowed (p < 0.05), the joint ranges of motion were not altered There were significant changes in most mean joint moments (p < 0.05), indicating altered joint loading. The knee moment decreased while the hip and lumbo-pelvis moments underwent compensatory increases. At the knee and hip, there were significant decreases (p < 0.05) in concentric power output (p < 0.05). Whilst performing multiple sets to failure altered some joint kinetics, the comparable findings in joint range ofmotion suggest that technique was not altered. Therefore, skilled in iduals appear to maintain technique when performing to failure.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 24-02-2022
DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2022.2042146
Abstract: In elite sport, inertial measurement units (IMUs) are being used increasingly to measure movement in-field. IMU data commonly sought are body segment angles as this gives insights into how technique can be altered to improve performance and reduce injury risk. The purpose of this was to assess the validity of IMU use in rowing and identify if IMUs are capable of detecting differences in sagittal torso and pelvis angles that result from changes in stroke rates. Eight elite female rowers participated. Four IMUs were positioned along the torso and over the pelvis of each athlete. Reflective markers surrounded each IMU which were used to compute gold-standard data. Maxima, minima, angle range and waveforms for ten strokes at rates of 20, 24, 28 and 32 strokes per minute were analysed. Root mean square errors as a percentage of angle range fell between 1.44% and 8.43%. In most cases when significant differences (p < 0.05) in the angles were detected between stroke rates, this was observed in both IMU and gold-standard angle data. These findings suggest that IMUs are valid for measuring torso and pelvis angles when rowing and are capable of detecting differences that result from changes in stroke rate.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 30-05-2019
DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2019.1616548
Abstract: The aim of this prospective study was to investigate differences in participant characteristics, previous injury, running dynamics during a long-distance run, and training between injured and uninjured runners in runners of different abilities. Center-of-mass acceleration data were collected during a long-distance overground run. Runners were then ided into four groups (elite, advanced, intermediate and slow) based on their finishing time. Participants completed training diaries and were monitored for 1 year. Seventy-six runners completed the prospective study with 39 (51.3%) sustaining a running injury (44% elite, 42% advanced, 54% intermediate, 59% slow). Differences between injured and uninjured runners within each group related to injury included: (1) elite injured runners ran with longer contact times and (2) more slow injured runners reported an injury in previous year, were heavier, had higher body mass and body mass index, ran with lower step frequencies, and ran a greater weekly distance. Advanced injured runners exhibited fatigue changes in step regularity and peak braking during the run that may be related to injury. These findings suggest that runners of different abilities may have different factors related to injury however due to the small s le sizes in the groups this needs to be explored further.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 17-07-2018
Abstract: The hammer throw is perhaps one of the most misunderstood and difficult events to learn in track and field. Improvements in technique are focused on strategies designed to increase implement release velocity. The purpose of this cross-sectional investigative study was to examine the association between the angle of separation between the thorax and pelvis and performance in the hammer throw. Two male and four female throwers were used to assess positional data of the hammer, thorax, and pelvis. Hammer positional data were used to determine linear hammer speed at release, release angle, and release height. Thorax and pelvis positional data were used to determine thorax rotation relative to the pelvis (separation angle). The association between values of separation angle at key instances and performance was examined. Performance was determined by distance thrown (55.69 ± 3.42 m). Release speeds (24.32 ± 0.70 m/s) were also examined as a contributory factor towards performance and were included to account for instances where throwers released the hammer using sub-optimal release heights and angles which negatively affected distance thrown. The separation angle at its smallest within each turn was found to have a strong negative association with the performance indicators, especially in the first two turns (significant correlates ranged from −0.82 to −0.97). This finding indicates when throwers reduced the separation to a smaller value, performance was enhanced. Separation angle was at its smallest in double support. This suggests that throwers may improve performance by reducing the separation angle during double support phases.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-2011
DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2011.592210
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the cable force and linear hammer speed in the hammer throw and to identify how the magnitude and direction of the cable force affects the fluctuations in linear hammer speed. Five male (height: 1.88 +/- 0.06 m body mass: 106.23 +/- 4.83 kg) and five female (height: 1.69 +/- 0.05 m body mass: 101.60 +/- 20.92 kg) throwers participated and were required to perform 10 throws each. The hammer's linear velocity and the cable force and its tangential component were calculated via hammer head positional data. As expected, a strong correlation was observed between decreases in the linear hammer speed and decreases in the cable force (normalised for hammer weight). A strong correlation was also found to exist between the angle by which the cable force lags the radius of rotation at its maximum (when tangential force is at its most negative) and the size of the decreases in hammer speed. These findings indicate that the most effective way to minimise the effect of the negative tangential force is to reduce the size of the lag angle.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 22-04-2021
DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003986
Abstract: Brice, SM, Doma, K, and Spratford, W. Effect of footwear on the biomechanics of loaded back squats to volitional exhaustion in skilled lifters. J Strength Cond Res 36(10): 2676–2684, 2022—This study examined whether footwear influences the movement dynamics of barbell back squats to volitional exhaustion in experienced lifters. Eleven men (1 repetition maximum [1RM] = 138 ± 19 kg 1RM % body mass = 168 ± 18%) performed 3 sets (5–12 ± 4 repetitions per set) of loaded barbell back squats to volitional exhaustion using raised-heel and flat-heel footwear. Barbell motion as well as moments, angles, angular velocity, and power in the sagittal plane at the ankle, knee, hip, and lumbopelvis were examined during the second repetition of the first set (T second ) and the final repetition of the third set (T final ). There were significant reductions ( p 0.05) in lower-limb concentric angular velocity and power output for both footwear conditions. For the raised-heel condition at T final , hip and knee concentric angular velocities were significantly slower ( p 0.05), and knee concentric power output was significantly less ( p 0.05) compared with the flat-heel condition. A reduction in barbell velocity was not observed for the raised-heel condition despite there being reduction in hip and knee angular velocities. Furthermore, no differences were identified in lower-limb joint moments or any of the biomechanical characteristics of the lumbopelvis between the footwear conditions. The findings of this study suggest that neither type of footwear reduced joint loading or improved joint range-of-motion.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2019
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 19-09-2019
DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2019.1666167
Abstract: Inertial measurement units (IMUs) enable human movements to be captured in the field and are being used increasingly in high performance sport. One key metric that can be derived from IMUs are relative angles of body segments which are important for monitoring form in many sports. The purpose of this study was to (a) examine the validity of relative angles derived from IMUs placed on the torso and pelvis and (b) determine optimal positioning for torso mounted sensors such that the IMU relative angles match closely with gold standard torso-pelvis and thorax-pelvis relative angle data derived from an optoelectronic camera system. Seventeen adult participants undertook a variety of motion tasks. Four IMUs were positioned on the torso and one was positioned on the pelvis between the posterior superior iliac spines. Reflective markers were positioned around each IMU and over torso and pelvis landmarks. Results showed that the IMUs are valid with the root mean square errors expressed as a percentage of the angle range (RMSE%) ranging between 1% and 7%. Comparison between the IMU relative angles and the torso-pelvis and thorax-pelvis relative angles showed there were moderate to large differences with RMSE% values ranging between 4% and 57%. IMUs are highly accurate at measuring orientation data however, further work is needed to optimise positioning and modelling approaches so IMU relative angles align more closely with relative angles derived using traditional motion capture methods.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 05-2008
DOI: 10.1080/14763140701841902
Abstract: The development of cable force during hammer-throw turns is crucial to the throw distance. In this paper, we present a method that is capable of measuring cable force in real time and, as it does not interfere with technique, it is capable of providing immediate feedback to coaches and athletes during training. A strain gauge was mounted on the wires of three hammers to measure the tension in the wire and an elite male hammer thrower executed three throws with each hammer. The output from the gauges was recorded by a data logger positioned on the lower back of the thrower. The throws were captured by three high-speed video cameras and the three-dimensional position of the hammer's head was determined by digitizing the images manually. The five best throws were analysed. The force acting on the hammer's head was calculated from Newton's second law of motion and this was compared with the force measured via the strain gauge. Qualitatively the time dependence of the two forces was essentially the same, although the measured force showed more detail in the troughs of the force-time curves. Quantitatively the average difference between the measured and calculated forces over the five throws was 76 N, which corresponds to a difference of 3.8% for a cable force of 2000 N.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2015
No related grants have been discovered for Sara Brice.