ORCID Profile
0000-0001-9113-7763
Current Organisation
Swinburne University of Technology
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Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2010
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 12-01-2022
DOI: 10.3390/SU14020837
Abstract: Responding to disruptions and crises are challenges public leaders face as they strive to lead responsibly for the good of the community. The last two years have been especially challenging for public leaders and institutions. In Australia, the federal government battled natural disasters (bushfires) and COVID-19 within the span of only a few months, beginning in late 2019. These events provided the opportunity for a natural experiment to explore public perceptions of leadership in times of crises, with both a natural disaster and health crisis in quick succession. In this study, we develop, validate, and test a scale of perceptions of leadership for the greater good, the Australian Leadership Index, throughout different crisis contexts. We hypothesize and find support for the drivers of perceptions of public leadership and shifts in these perceptions as a function of the bushfire disaster response, a negative shift, and the initial COVID-19 response, a positive shift. Comparisons of the crisis periods against a period of relative stability are made. We discuss the implications of differential media coverage, how the crises were managed, and the resulting public perceptions of leadership for the greater good.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2013
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 22-09-2018
Abstract: Many impulsive behaviors, unpleasant emotions, and misguided cognitions increase the incidence of type 2 diabetes and other conditions. This study tests the premise that such risk factors are inversely related to future clarity—the extent to which the future seems vivid and certain. Specifically, 211 participants completed the measures of future clarity and various determinants of health. Future clarity was positively associated with the inclination of participants to consume healthy food, abstain from cigarettes, participate in physical activity, and experience positive emotions. Future research should examine whether interventions designed to help in iduals clarify and pursue their aspirations could stem lifestyle diseases.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-04-2011
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1017/ORP.2014.6
Abstract: According to self-determination theory, when in iduals feel their relationships are supportive, their choices are unfettered and their competence is extensive, they experience wellbeing. Many workplaces implement measures that purportedly fulfill these three needs: relationships, autonomy, and competence. Yet, these measures are not always successful. This article delineates a complication of these attempts: Measures that organisations introduce to fulfill one of these three needs, such as relationships, will often impede one of the other needs. For ex le, to foster relationships, managers may attempt to dismantle the isions or boundaries within the organisation. As these schisms dissolve, in iduals are not as likely to perceive their environment as competitive, promoting trust and consolidating relationships. Yet, after these isions evaporate, people are not as certain of their specific duties. They are not sure of whether they have fulfilled their obligations, and this uncertainty has been shown to distract their attention from their personal hopes and aspirations of the future, diminishing their sense of autonomy. Likewise, measures that promote competence disrupt relationships or limit feelings of autonomy. This article delineates a set of ideologies and paradigms, such as multiculturalism and equality of privileges, that could overcome these tensions and fulfill all the needs simultaneously.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-05-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-10-2019
Abstract: Emergency medicine (EM) is an emerging profession with complex clinical and leadership demands. However, studies of leadership in EM are in their infancy. The present study makes a novel contribution to empirical research in this area by examining the leadership challenges faced by Australasian directors of emergency medicine (DEMs). An online Delphi study was conducted with 87 Australasian DEMs. To structure the process, participants were sorted into four panels reflecting their leadership experience and geographical location. Using a three-phase Delphi process, participants were guided through the process of brainstorming leadership challenges, narrowing down these challenges, and ranking these challenges from most to least important. Four leadership challenges were shared across all panels, regardless of experience and location namely, administrative overload, overcrowding and access block, managing challenging colleagues and engaging with hospital executive. However, the low consensus achieved within and across panels highlights the complexity of leadership in EM and cautions against simplistic approaches to addressing leadership challenges. The recommendation for DEMs is that they need to engage in programmes which will support the development of the leadership and non-clinical skills required to enable them to cope with responsibilities of hybrid role of physician-leader. The development and delivery of specialised leadership programmes attuned to the hybridity of the director role and the complexity of hospitals is vital for ensuring high-quality patient care and successful running of EDs.
Publisher: Canadian Center of Science and Education
Date: 03-11-2013
DOI: 10.5539/IJPS.V5N4P1
Publisher: Social Innovation Research Institute
Date: 2020
Publisher: IGI Global
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-2211-1.CH010
Abstract: Advances in bioscience and biotechnology move faster than our conceptual and ethical understanding of them. These advances may ultimately change human nature and our understanding of what it means to be human. Early attempts to understand the consequences of these advances were marred by overly thin conceptions of human nature and human identity. In particular, the precise meaning of these concepts was rarely explicated and arguments about whether enhanced humans would be superhumanized or dehumanized lacked clarity. The development of more complex models of humanness and human identity may facilitate deeper insights into the consequences of enhancement while findings from the emerging science of human nature are incorporated into our understanding of what it means to be human.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-02-2017
DOI: 10.1002/SMI.2747
Abstract: Some research shows that people who often contemplate their future tend to be healthier. Yet the burgeoning literature on mindfulness demonstrates that people who are more attuned to their immediate experiences also enjoy many benefits. To reconcile these principles, many scholars recommend that people should distribute their attention, somewhat evenly, across the past, present, and future-but have not clarified how people should achieve this goal. We test the possibility that people who perceive their future as vivid and certain, called future clarity, might be able to both orient their attention to the future as well as experience mindfulness. Specifically, future clarity could diminish the inclination of people to reach decisions prematurely and dismiss information that contradicts these decisions, called need for closure-tendencies that diminish consideration of future consequences and mindfulness, respectively. In this cross-sectional study, 194 participants completed measures of mindfulness, consideration of future consequences, need for closure, and future clarity. Consistent with hypotheses, future clarity was positively associated with both mindfulness and consideration of future consequences. Need for closure partly mediated these relationships. Accordingly, interventions that empower people to shape and to clarify their future might generate the benefits of both mindfulness and a future orientation.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 20-01-2018
Abstract: Socioemotional selectivity theory assumes that older in iduals tend to perceive their identity or life as limited in time and, therefore, prioritize meaningful relationships. Yet, other research shows that people who perceive their identity as limited in time tend to behave impulsively—contrary to the behavior of many older in iduals. To redress this paradox, this article reports a systematic review, comprising 86 papers, that examined the consequences of whether in iduals perceive their identity as limited or enduring. To reconcile conflicts in the literature, we propose that, before an impending transition, some in iduals perceive their life now as dissociated from their future goals and, therefore, will tend to behave impulsively. Other in iduals however, especially if older, tend to pursue a quest or motivation that transcends this transition, fostering delayed gratification, and responsible behavior.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-11-2022
Abstract: Workplace incivility is a global challenge for healthcare and a major leadership challenge facing emergency physicians. However, little is known about emergency physicians' understanding of the factors that help and hinder attempts to address incivility, or what emergency physicians believe are the priority factors to address. The present study makes a novel contribution to research in this area by examining the perceived enablers of, and barriers to, efforts to address incivility in Australian and Aotearoa New Zealand EDs. An online modified Delphi study was conducted with 22 FACEMs. To structure the process, participants were sorted into four panels. Using a three‐phase Delphi process, participants were guided through the process of brainstorming, narrowing down and ranking the factors that help and hinder attempts to address incivility in EDs. There was general agreement that FACEMs' cross‐department relationships and networks were key helping factors, and that poor workplace culture and time pressure were major hindering factors. However, despite agreement about these three factors, a wide range of intrapersonal, interpersonal, intergroup, and organisational factors were identified as pertinent to attempts to address incivility in EDs. The causes of incivility in Australian and Aotearoa New Zealand EDs are complex and highlight incivility in EDs as a key adaptive leadership challenge of emergency physicians. Fundamentally, the results underscore the need to foster a workplace culture of respect, inclusion and civility in Australasian hospitals.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-03-2023
DOI: 10.1002/CASP.2691
Abstract: The primary defence against COVID‐19 has been the implementation of public health measures that rely on voluntary compliance with behavioural directives. Compliance is often conceptualised as a single dimension, but there may be distinct patterns of compliance with COVID‐19 preventative behaviours. This study examined behavioural profiles in response to preventative behaviour directives during the early stages of the COVID‐19 pandemic in Australia. A representative s le of Australian residents ( n = 978) responded to a survey measuring self‐reported compliance with a range of preventative measures, trust in various institutions and a range of psychological and demographic variables. The latent class analysis identified five distinct behavioural profiles characterised by different degrees of compliance with different health behaviours. In addition to those who complied with most measures and those who complied with none, there were profiles that complied with most measures except specific ones, including limiting interactions with others and visitations. These profiles were associated with a number of demographic and psychological characteristics, including trust. Implications for public health interventions are discussed.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-10-2022
Abstract: Emergency medicine (EM) leadership is often conceptualised as either administrative leadership within the structure (e.g. head-of-committee leader) or operational/functional leadership within a group (e.g. resuscitation-scenario team leader). While these bases of identity are practically useful, they often do not take into account the intricate, underlying challenges to one's leader identity presented by the dynamic, fluid and transient context of EM leadership. In particular, emergency physicians face various leader identity challenges such as nonreciprocal leadership claims and grants at the interpersonal level, identity confusion with multiple roles at the intrapersonal level, tribalism at the team level and antithesis of identity workspace at the organisational level. The present paper proposes a reframing of EM leadership as a socially constructed identity process, whereby emergent leaders learn at the in idual level to address identity challenges as they negotiate the nuances of leader-follower interactions. Similarly, at an organisational level, there is an opportunity for formal and emergent leaders to create psychologically safe identity workspaces. The co-creation of EM leadership by leaders and followers would help emergent leaders navigate their leader identity, allowing them to simultaneously inspire confidence and exert influence as future-fit health professionals and leaders.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2014
Publisher: Social Innovation Research Institute
Date: 2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-2016
DOI: 10.1002/JLS.21425
Publisher: Australian Leadership Index
Date: 2020
Publisher: Inderscience Publishers
Date: 2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 22-05-2008
Publisher: Resilience Alliance, Inc.
Date: 2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.EXPLORE.2014.10.006
Abstract: According to some scholars, if in iduals experience over three times as many positive emotions as negative emotions, they are more likely to thrive. We contend, however, that perhaps positive and negative emotions that overlap in time are likely to enhance wellbeing. Specifically, if positive and negative emotions are experienced simultaneously rather than separately-called ambivalent emotions-the fundamental needs of in iduals are fulfilled more frequently. Considerable evidence supports this perspective. First, many emotions that enhance wellbeing, although classified as positive, also coincide with negative feelings. Second, ambivalent emotions, rather than positive or negative emotions separately, facilitate creativity and resilience. Third, ambivalent emotions activate distinct cognitive systems that enable in iduals to form attainable goals, refine their skills, and enhance their relationships.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2017
Publisher: IGI Global
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-6010-6.CH014
Abstract: Advances in human enhancement technologies raise the prospect that people's identities may be altered so radically by enhancement that they will be essentially a different person after enhancement. To illustrate, some scholars of enhancement claim that in iduals are unlikely to “survive” enhancement, in the sense that they continue to exist as one and the same person. Yet, others claim that enhancement is dehumanizing. Common to these claims is the assumption that enhancement affects a discontinuity between an in idual's pre- and post-enhancement selves. Although extant analyses of the relationship between enhancement and identity have yielded many useful insights into the possible effects of human enhancement technologies on identity, progress in our understanding is marred by conceptual imprecision, the use of excessively thin conceptions of identity, and the conflation of distinct senses of identity. With respect to the latter, the conflation of numerical and narrative identity is particularly problematic. However, although these senses of identity are distinct, the fact that they are conflated is nevertheless informative about how people untutored in the metaphysics of identity—that is, the vast majority of people—reason about the effects of enhancement on identity. In this chapter, the authors draw on psychological research into self-continuity and dehumanization, respectively, to offer insights into why numerical and narrative identity are conflated, and they argue that future analyses of the relationship between enhancement and identity must be more deeply grounded in psychological and neuroscientific research than has been evidenced to date.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 26-06-2023
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-09-2013
DOI: 10.3758/S13428-012-0252-7
Abstract: Social psychological research suggests that two distinct dimensions describe lay conceptions of humanness: a species-typical sense (i.e., human nature) and a species-unique sense (i.e., human uniqueness). Although these two senses of humanness have been discerned among psychological traits and states, there has been no systematic research into lay beliefs about the humanness of human behaviors. Using a range of 60 prosocial, nonsocial, and antisocial behaviors, it was demonstrated that people discriminate between species-typical and species-unique behaviors and that the capacity to perform species-unique behaviors distinguishes humans from animals, whereas the capacity to perform species-typical behaviors distinguishes humans from robots. Behaviors that exemplify the two senses of humanness are identified, and data representing rankings, raw scores, and z-scores in two indices of species typicality and species uniqueness are provided. Taken together, these findings expand our understanding of lay conceptions of humanness and provide researchers of humanness with a wider range of validated stimuli to probe the boundaries of humanity.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-10-2020
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-03-2016
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-05-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2023
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-2007
Publisher: Australian Leadership Index
Date: 2020
No related grants have been discovered for Samuel Wilson.