ORCID Profile
0000-0002-2232-428X
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Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2022
Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Date: 17-08-2020
Abstract: Penguins have long been of interest to scientists and the general public, but their evolutionary history remains unresolved. Using genomes, we investigated the drivers of penguin ersification. We found that crown-group penguins erged in the early Miocene in Australia/New Zealand and identified Aptenodytes (emperor and king penguins) as the sister group to all other extant penguins. Penguins first occupied temperate environments and then radiated to cold Antarctic waters. The Antarctic Circumpolar Current’s (ACC) intensification 11.6 Mya promoted penguin ersification and geographic expansion. We detected interspecies introgression among penguins, in some cases following the direction of the ACC, and identified genes acting on thermoregulation, oxygen metabolism, and ing capacity that underwent adaptive evolution as they progressively occupied more challenging thermal niches.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-05-2020
DOI: 10.1111/DDI.13072
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-12-2019
DOI: 10.1111/JBI.13780
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-01-2017
DOI: 10.1111/GCB.13596
Abstract: The two non-native grasses that have established long-term populations in Antarctica (Poa pratensis and Poa annua) were studied from a global multidimensional thermal niche perspective to address the biological invasion risk to Antarctica. These two species exhibit contrasting introduction histories and reproductive strategies and represent two referential case studies of biological invasion processes. We used a multistep process with a range of species distribution modelling techniques (ecological niche factor analysis, multidimensional envelopes, distance/entropy algorithms) together with a suite of thermoclimatic variables, to characterize the potential ranges of these species. Their native bioclimatic thermal envelopes in Eurasia, together with the different naturalized populations across continents, were compared next. The potential niche of P. pratensis was wider at the cold extremes however, P. annua life history attributes enable it to be a more successful colonizer. We observe that particularly cold summers are a key aspect of the unique Antarctic environment. In consequence, ruderals such as P. annua can quickly expand under such harsh conditions, whereas the more stress-tolerant P. pratensis endures and persist through steady growth. Compiled data on human pressure at the Antarctic Peninsula allowed us to provide site-specific biosecurity risk indicators. We conclude that several areas across the region are vulnerable to invasions from these and other similar species. This can only be visualized in species distribution models (SDMs) when accounting for founder populations that reveal nonanalogous conditions. Results reinforce the need for strict management practices to minimize introductions. Furthermore, our novel set of temperature-based bioclimatic GIS layers for ice-free terrestrial Antarctica provide a mechanism for regional and global species distribution models to be built for other potentially invasive species.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-03-2016
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-11-2022
DOI: 10.1111/ECOG.06312
Abstract: Much of Antarctica's highly endemic terrestrial bio ersity is found in small ice‐free patches. Substantial genetic differentiation has been detected among populations across spatial scales. S ling is, however, often restricted to commonly‐accessed sites and we therefore lack a comprehensive understanding of broad‐scale biogeographic patterns, which could impede forecasts of the nature and impacts of future change. Here, we present a synthesis of published genetic studies across terrestrial Antarctica and the broader Antarctic region, aiming to identify current biogeographic patterns, environmental drivers of ersity and future research priorities. A database of all published genetic research from terrestrial fauna and flora (excl. microbes) across the Antarctic region was constructed. This database was then filtered to focus on the most well‐represented taxa and markers (mitochondrial COI for fauna, and nuclear ITS for flora). The final dataset comprised 7222 records, spanning 153 studies of 335 different species. There was strong taxonomic bias towards flowering plants (52% of all floral data sets) and springtails (54% of all faunal data sets), and geographic bias towards the Antarctic Peninsula and Victoria Land. Recent connectivity between the Antarctic continent and neighbouring landmasses, such as South America and the Southern Ocean Islands (SOIs), was inferred for some groups, but patterns observed for most taxa were strongly influenced by s ling biases. Above‐ground wind speed and habitat heterogeneity were positively correlated with genetic ersity indices overall though environment was a generally poor predictor of genetic ersity. The low resolution and variable coverage of data may also have reduced the power of our comparative inferences. In the future, higher‐resolution data, such as genomic SNPs and environmental modelling, alongside targeting s ling of remote sites and under s led taxa, will address current knowledge gaps and greatly advance our understanding of evolutionary processes across the Antarctic region.
No related grants have been discovered for Luis R. Pertierra.