ORCID Profile
0000-0001-9693-1739
Current Organisations
University of St Andrews
,
University College London
Does something not look right? The information on this page has been harvested from data sources that may not be up to date. We continue to work with information providers to improve coverage and quality. To report an issue, use the Feedback Form.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 05-2010
DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.140624
Abstract: There is considerable uncertainty regarding the efficacy of blood pressure–lowering therapy in reducing cardiovascular risk in obese people. In this report we examine the effects of blood pressure lowering according to baseline body mass index (kilograms per meter squared) in the Perindopril Protection Against Recurrent Stroke Study. A total of 6105 participants with cerebrovascular disease were randomized to perindopril-based blood pressure–lowering therapy or placebo. The overall mean difference in systolic/diastolic blood pressure between participants assigned active therapy or placebo was 9/4 mm Hg (SE: 0.5/0.3 mm Hg), with no difference by body mass index quarters ( .1, 23.1 to 25.3, 25.4 to 27.8, and ≥27.9 kg/m 2 ). A consistent treatment benefit was demonstrated for protection against major vascular events across quarters with the following hazard ratios (95% CIs): 0.80 (0.62 to 1.02), 0.78 (0.61 to 1.01), 0.67 (0.53 to 0.86), 0.69 (0.54 to 0.88), and 0.74 (0.66 to 0.84 P for heterogeneity=0.16). Similar results were apparent for stroke and stroke subtypes (all P for heterogeneity ≥0.07) or with the standard definitions of overweight and obesity ( , 25 to 29, and ≥30 kg/m 2 all P for heterogeneity ≥0.28). The absolute effects of treatment were, however, more than twice that in the highest compared with the lowest body mass index quartile. Across increasing quarters of body mass index over 5 years, active therapy prevented 1 major vascular event among every 28, 23, 13, and 13 patients treated. In conclusion, blood pressure–lowering therapy produced comparable risk reductions in vascular disease across the whole range of body mass indices in participants with a history of stroke. However, the greater baseline level of cardiovascular risk in those with higher body mass index meant that these patients obtained the greatest benefit.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2010
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-08-2010
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 02-10-2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.EURPSY.2011.07.005
Abstract: Examine the association of oral disease with future dementia/cognitive decline in a cohort of people with type 2 diabetes. A total of 11,140 men and women aged 55–88 years at study induction with type 2 diabetes participated in a baseline medical examination when they reported the number of natural teeth and days of bleeding gums. Dementia and cognitive decline were ascertained periodically during a 5-year follow-up. Relative to the group with the greatest number of teeth (more than or equal to 22), having no teeth was associated with the highest risk of both dementia (hazard ratio 95% confidence interval: 1.48 1.24, 1.78) and cognitive decline (1.39 1.21, 1.59). Number of days of bleeding gums was unrelated to these outcomes. Tooth loss was associated with an increased risk of both dementia and cognitive decline.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2020
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 28-01-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2012
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-02-2006
DOI: 10.1111/J.1365-3016.2006.00704.X
Abstract: Growing evidence linking childhood intelligence with adult health outcomes suggests a need to identify predictors of this psychological characteristic. In this study, we have examined the early life determinants of childhood intelligence in a population-based birth cohort of in iduals born in Brisbane, Australia between 1981 and 1984. In univariable analyses, family income in the year of birth, maternal and paternal education, maternal age at birth, maternal ethnicity, maternal smoking during pregnancy, duration of labour, birthweight, breast feeding and childhood height, and body mass index were all associated with intelligence at age 14. In multivariable analyses, the strongest and most robust predictors of intelligence were family income, parental education and breast feeding, with these three variables explaining 7.5% of the variation in intelligence at age 14. Addition of other variables added little further explanatory power. Our results demonstrate the importance of indicators of socio-economic position as predictors of intelligence, and illustrate the need to consider the role of such factors in generating the association of childhood intelligence with adult disease risk.
Publisher: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health
Date: 08-02-2018
DOI: 10.5271/SJWEH.3712
Abstract: Objectives This systematic review and meta-analysis combined published study-level data and unpublished in idual-participant data with the aim of quantifying the relation between long working hours and the onset of depressive symptoms. Methods We searched PubMed and Embase for published prospective cohort studies and included available cohorts with unpublished in idual-participant data. We used a random-effects meta-analysis to calculate summary estimates across studies. Results We identified ten published cohort studies and included unpublished in idual-participant data from 18 studies. In the majority of cohorts, long working hours was defined as working ≥55 hours per week. In multivariable-adjusted meta-analyses of 189 729 participants from 35 countries [96 275 men, 93 454 women, follow-up ranging from 1-5 years, 21 747 new-onset cases), there was an overall association of 1.14 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03-1.25] between long working hours and the onset of depressive symptoms, with significant evidence of heterogeneity (I
Location: United States of America
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Eric Bowman.