ORCID Profile
0000-0002-9555-799X
Current Organisation
Australian National University
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Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 28-01-2022
DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0263064
Abstract: Agricultural ersity is one of the bases of traditional agroecosystems, having great environmental and cultural importance. The current loss of agricultural ersity is causing serious concern, mainly because of its essential role in supporting global and local food security. Stopping this loss requires a better understanding of how ersity is managed locally and what mechanisms sustain agricultural ersity. Here we propose a generalist agent-based model that couples biological, cultural, and social dynamics to obtain varietal ersity as an emergent phenomenon at the community level. With a mechanistic approach, we explore how four of the model dynamics can shape systems ersity. To validate the model, we performed a bibliographic review on Manihot esculenta and Zea mays case studies. The model yielded compatible results for manioc and maize varietal richness at both community and household levels.
Publisher: Universidade Federal do Parana
Date: 12-11-2021
Abstract: O Brasil ocupa um papel importante em ersos acordos e compromissos globais das agendas de conservação florestal e climática. A implementação desses acordos e o avanço dos debates em torno deles expõem a necessidade de desenvolvimento de arranjos de governança em ersas áreas, dentre elas a Restauração Florestal da Paisagem. Espera-se que a governança da Restauração Florestal da Paisagem produza resultados positivos no comprometimento de seus atores sociais, no desenvolvimento de instrumentos de gestão e no ganho de escala (upscale) dos projetos e programas nas diferentes paisagens e biomas do país. Nesse contexto, este estudo tem como objetivo traçar o estado de conhecimento dos modelos conceituais de governança da Restauração Florestal da Paisagem, por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura acadêmica mundial, contribuindo para a organização de um arcabouço teórico-conceitual aplicado aos sistemas de governança da Restauração Florestal da Paisagem do Brasil, representados por projetos, programas e redes de trabalho. Os resultados mostram, por um lado, que há uma ersidade de modelos de governança colaborativa em desenvolvimento em algumas iniciativas brasileiras de Restauração Florestal da Paisagem, principalmente na Mata Atlântica e na Amazônia. Por outro lado, há ainda uma grande lacuna na produção de pesquisa com enfoque específico de análise da governança da Restauração Florestal da Paisagem, que contribua para a construção de redes de aprendizados e evolução dos modelos de governança em desenvolvimento no Brasil.
Publisher: Universidade Federal do Parana
Date: 27-10-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.JTBI.2017.11.019
Abstract: Evolutionary dynamics experienced by mixed microbial populations of cooperators and cheaters has been examined in experiments in the literature using a protocol of periodic dilution to investigate the properties of resilience and adaptability to environmental changes. Data depicted on an appropriate phase diagram indicate, among other features, a stable equilibrium point at which cooperators and cheaters coexist (Sanchez and Gore, 2013). We present here a phenomenological analysis of these data focusing on an eco-evolutionary-game perspective. To that end, we work on an extension of the model proposed in Tao and Cressman (2007). It's original version takes into account changes of the total population density while the in iduals experience a pairwise Prisoners Dilemma game. The extension devised here contains a dilution parameter to conform with the experimental procedure, in addition to a term accounting for Allee effects. In contrast to other descriptions proposed in similar contexts, however, the model here does not account for assortative encounters, group or kin selection. Nonetheless, it describes surprisingly well both qualitatively and quantitatively the features of the observed phase diagram. We discuss these results in terms of the behavior of an effective payoff matrix defined accordingly.
Publisher: World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt
Date: 03-2020
DOI: 10.1142/S0218339020500072
Abstract: Malaria remains a primary parasitic disease in the tropical world, generating high morbidity and mortality in human populations. Recently, community surveys showed a high proportion of asymptomatic cases, which are characterized by a low parasitemia and a lack of malaria symptoms. Until now, the asymptomatic population is not treated for malaria and thus remains infective for a long time. In this paper, we introduce a four-dimensional mathematical model to study the influence of asymptomatic people on malaria transmission in low-transmission areas, specifically using data from Brazil. The equilibrium points of the system are calculated, and their stability is analyzed. Via numerical simulations, more in-depth analyzes of the space of some crucial parameters on the asymptomatic population are done, such as the per capita recovery rates of symptomatic and asymptomatic people, the ratio of the density of mosquitoes to that of humans, the mortality rate of mosquitoes and the probability of undergoing asymptomatic infection upon an infectious mosquito bite. Our results indicate that the disease-free equilibrium is inside the stability region if asymptomatic people are treated and/or the ratio of the density of mosquitoes to that of humans is decreased and/or the mortality rate of mosquitoes is increased.
No related grants have been discovered for Vitor Hirata Sanches.