ORCID Profile
0000-0002-7386-0031
Current Organisations
National University Singapore Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health
,
National University of Singapore Lloyd's Register Foundation Institute for the Public Understanding of Risk
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Personality, Abilities and Assessment | Psychology | Psychological Methodology, Design and Analysis | Decision Making
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Related Links
Publications
Psychometric Properties and Measurement Invariance of the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 Among Chinese Insurance Employees
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 18-04-2018
Evaluating the Construct Validity of the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale in China
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 11-03-2017
Abstract: The Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy (LSRP) scale is an efficient measure of psychopathy with promising psychometric properties. However, the cross-cultural utility of the LSRP has not been well documented, and no study has explored measurement invariance of the LSRP across East Asian and North American s les. We translated the LSRP into Chinese (Study 1) and investigated the validity and reliability of the Chinese LSRP using a s le of 226 university students in China (Study 2). Confirmatory factor analyses supported Brinkley, Diamond, Magaletta, and Heigel’s (2008) three-factor model (Egocentricity, Callousness, and Antisocial). Evidence for configural and partial metric (but not scalar) invariance of the factor structure was observed when comparing Chinese and U.S. university s les. However, response thresholds were significantly different between the two s les. The Chinese LSRP scores also demonstrated encouraging convergent and discriminate validity in terms of their associations with external criteria. We discuss the implications for cross-cultural assessment of psychopathy.
cdfquantreg: An R Package for CDF-Quantile Regression
Publisher: Foundation for Open Access Statistic
Date: 2019
Associations of loneliness, belongingness and health behaviors with psychological distress and wellbeing during COVID-19
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2021
Adapting to an Uncertain World: Cognitive Capacity and Causal Reasoning with Ambiguous Observations
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 15-10-2015
Parenting behaviors and child psychopathy: A regression mixture analysis
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-06-2020
Assessing the Measurement Invariance of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits in School Students in China and the United Kingdom
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-06-2020
DOI: 10.1007/S10578-020-01018-0
Abstract: The current study investigated the measurement invariance of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits in school-attending youth in the UK (N = 437) and China (N = 364). The original 24-item ICU and five shortened versions proposed in previous studies were tested and compared using confirmatory factor analysis in the UK s le. Results indicated that the original ICU was a poor fit in the UK s le. A shortened, 11-item version (ICU-11) featuring two factors (Callousness and Uncaring) provided the best fit and was invariant across gender in both the UK and Chinese s les. Comparisons of the ICU-11 in UK and Chinese school children revealed a similar item-factor combination and factor loadings, but different item thresholds. Findings indicate that the ICU-11 may be a preferable alternative to the original version, but that average ICU-11 scores may have a different meaning in the UK and China.
Longitudinal network structure of child psychopathy across development in chinese community children
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-11-2022
Working Memory and Causal Reasoning under Ambiguity
Publisher: Unpublished
Date: 2014
Reducing the stigma associated with anorexia nervosa: An evaluation of a social consensus intervention among Australian and Chinese young women
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-2018
DOI: 10.1002/EAT.22808
Abstract: This study examined the effectiveness of a social consensus intervention in reducing stigma toward in iduals with anorexia nervosa (AN) among women from Australia and mainland China. Moreover, the different predictions of informational/normative social influence theory and the social identity approach in terms of the effectiveness of the social consensus intervention were investigated. Participants were female students from the Australian National University (n = 97) and Central China Normal University (n = 76) who reported their levels of stigma toward a fictional character with AN before and after receiving normative information regarding the attitudes of others toward people with AN. Three experimental conditions of normative information were utilized: in-group, out-group, and neutral. Chinese participants reported higher levels of baseline stigma across all measures than Australian participants. Social consensus was effective in reducing most types of AN stigma, and supported the social identity approach in that improvements in attitudinal, affective, and behavioral aspects of stigma were significantly greater for participants in the in-group (but not the out-group) versus the neutral condition. The effectiveness of the social consensus approach was not moderated by nationality. A social consensus approach holds potential as an additional strategy for reducing AN stigma, with its benefits extending across erse cultural settings. Such an approach would entail ensuring that positive messages regarding people with AN are delivered by members of a valued in-group.
Patterns and predictors of alcohol use during the early stages of the COVID ‐19 pandemic in Australia: Longitudinal cohort study
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-05-2022
DOI: 10.1111/ACER.14858
Abstract: The COVID‐19 pandemic has resulted in disruptions across many life domains. The distress associated with the pandemic itself, and with public health efforts to manage the outbreak, could result in increased alcohol use. This study aimed to quantify changes in alcohol use during the early stages of the pandemic and factors associated with different patterns of use. Data were obtained from a longitudinal survey of a representative Australian adult s le ( N = 1296, 50% female, M age = 46.0) conducted from March to June 2020, during the first wave of the COVID‐19 outbreak in Australia. Change in alcohol consumption was examined using Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test‐Consumption (AUDIT‐C) scores from waves one, three, five, and seven of the study, each 4 weeks apart. Factors associated with alcohol consumption were examined, including depression (PHQ‐9) and anxiety (GAD‐7) symptoms, health risk tolerance, stress and coping, work and social impairment (WSAS), COVID impacts, and sociodemographic variables. We tested changes in alcohol use across the full s le using a mixed effects repeated measure ANOVA model and a multinomial logistic regression to identify factors assessed at wave 1 that were independently associated with alcohol use. There was no significant change in AUDIT‐C scores across the study. For most participants, alcohol use did not increase during the early phase of the COVID‐19 pandemic in Australia. COVID‐19 exposure, higher perceived coping, depression symptoms, and male gender were associated with greater odds of increasing or elevated levels of alcohol use. Social changes, which included working from home, had mixed effects on alcohol consumption. Although no evidence was found for increased alcohol use overall during the early months of the pandemic, several factors were associated with alcohol consumption at risky levels. Greater understanding of motivations for drinking across public and private contexts, along with targeted support for high‐risk groups, could assist in reducing harm associated with alcohol consumption.
Editorial: From West to East: Recent Advances in Psychometrics and Psychological Instruments in Asia
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 24-03-2022
Maternal Parenting Mediate the Relationship between Maternal Psychopathic Traits and Child Callous-Unemotional Traits: A Longitudinal Multiple Mediation Model
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-09-2020
Impact of uncertainty and ambiguous outcome phrasing on moral decision-making
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 26-05-2020
Causal Reasoning Under Ambiguity: An Illustration of Modeling Mixture Strategies
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-03-2018
DOI: 10.1002/BDM.1948
Understanding Australian Government Risk Communication Early in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Sociodemographics, Risk Attitudes and Media Consumption
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-04-2023
CDF‐quantile distributions for modelling random variables on the unit interval
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-03-2017
DOI: 10.1111/BMSP.12091
Abstract: This paper introduces a two-parameter family of distributions for modelling random variables on the (0,1) interval by applying the cumulative distribution function of one 'parent' distribution to the quantile function of another. Family members have explicit probability density functions, cumulative distribution functions and quantiles in a location parameter and a dispersion parameter. They capture a wide variety of shapes that the beta and Kumaraswamy distributions cannot. They are amenable to likelihood inference, and enable a wide variety of quantile regression models, with predictors for both the location and dispersion parameters. We demonstrate their applicability to psychological research problems and their utility in modelling real data.
Flexible CDF-quantile distributions on the closed unit interval, with software and applications
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 17-01-2023
Development and initial validation of the Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality-Self-Report (CAPP-SR)
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 07-2019
DOI: 10.1037/PAS0000714
Abstract: The Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality (CAPP Cooke, Hart, Logan, & Michie, 2012) is a concept map that entails 33 personality traits it integrates historical and contemporary conceptualizations and operationalizations of psychopathy. The current project sought to develop and validate a self-report inventory to operationalize this concept map. Study 1 reported on the development of a CAPP Self-Report (CAPP-SR) inventory using expert ratings to select items for an experimental version. Next, these experimental items were evaluated in an online s le of 550 community-dwelling U.S. participants who were carefully recruited to match current U.S. census data on gender, age, and race/ethnicity. The application of various latent modeling and classical test theory procedures resulted in the 99-item CAPP-SR measure. In Study 2, two s les from the United States and New Zealand were used for initial validation purposes. CAPP scales showed a promising pattern of convergent validity with other self-report psychopathy scales. The new CAPP-SR inventory is promising for furthering research on this emerging psychopathy model in correctional, forensic, business, and other settings in which this clinical construct is of high importance. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
Immediate emotions and subjective stakes in risky decision-making under uncertainty
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 08-11-2022
DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2021.1994143
Abstract: Previous research has shown that immediate emotions and cognitive processing of the stakes of outcomes influence decision-making under uncertainty. The effect of perceived beneficial stakes and different types of immediate emotions on decision-making is an important topic that has received little attention in the literature. This study investigated the effects of trait anxiety and anticipatory emotions (fear, sadness, excitement and comfortability) on the perception of thee stakes of outcomes and behavioral intentions. Participants from the community completed a task measuring anticipatory emotions and their perceived stakes of risky and beneficial outcomes in a range of uncertain situations. Trait anxiety was also measured. Results revealed that anticipatory emotions (except for sadness), trait anxiety and subjective stakes all demonstrated significant associations with risky behavioral intention in uncertain situations. Anticipatory emotions, but not trait anxiety, had stable effects on stake perceptions. However, trait anxiety moderated the effect of excitement on risky behavioral intention. In addition, positive emotions (comfortability and excitement) and beneficial stakes demonstrated consistent effects in the decision-making process. The current study sheds light on future immediate-emotion-based interventions for deficits in uncertain decision-making.
Psychometric properties of the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure: An item response theory approach
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 05-2018
DOI: 10.1037/PER0000241
Abstract: There is cumulative evidence for the cross-cultural validity of the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure (TriPM Patrick, 2010) among non-Western populations. Recent studies using correlational and regression analyses show promising construct validity of the TriPM in Chinese s les. However, little is known about the efficiency of items in TriPM in assessing the proposed latent traits. The current study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Chinese TriPM at the item level using item response theory analyses. It also examined the measurement invariance of the TriPM between the Chinese and the U.S. student s les by applying differential item functioning analyses under the item response theory framework. The results supported the unidimensional nature of the Disinhibition and Meanness scales. Both scales had a greater level of precision in the respective underlying constructs at the positive ends. The two scales, however, had several items that were weakly associated with their respective latent traits in the Chinese student s le. Boldness, on the other hand, was found to be multidimensional, and reflected a more normally distributed range of variation. The examination of measurement bias via differential item functioning analyses revealed that a number of items of the TriPM were not equivalent across the Chinese and the U.S. Some modification and adaptation of items might be considered for improving the precision of the TriPM for Chinese participants. (PsycINFO Database Record
Cross-Cultural Examination of Psychopathy Network in Chinese and U.S. Prisoners
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-02-2022
Development and Validation of a Chinese Language Version of the Ruminative Thought Styles Questionnaire
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 08-03-2018
Abstract: The Ruminative Thought Styles Questionnaire (RTS) conceptualizes rumination as repetitive, recurrent, intrusive, and uncontrollable thinking. This article outlines the development and validation of a Chinese language version of the RTS, the RTS-CH. Following independent translation, back translation, and final translation checking, the factor structure, convergent and ergent validity, and item-level congruence of the RTS-CH was examined and improved. The resultant scale showed equivalence to the RTS and had attractive psychometric properties. The RTS-CH is the first Chinese language rumination measure that does not have inherently negative or depressive content.
Cross-cultural assessment and comparisons of risk tolerance across domains
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-02-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S12144-022-02843-3
Abstract: Risk attitudes are known to play an important role in influencing one’s behavior under conditions of uncertainty. To date, cultural influences on risk attitudes - beyond the effects they have on perceived risk - have not been well understood. Having a cross-culturally invariant measure of risk attitudes is a prerequisite for carrying out more in depth explorations in this area. The current study applied the domain-specific risk attitudes framework and focused on the Chinese and US cultural contexts. Using novel network analysis techniques, we explored domain-specific patterns of risk attitudes in Chinese and US community s les and we subsequently developed a version of the Multi-Domain Risk Tolerance scale (MDRT-EC) that had similar applicability in both s les. The MDRT-EC demonstrated excellent psychometric characteristics and achieved strong measurement invariance across both s les. The associations between MDRT-EC domain scales and criterion scales were also similar between the two s les, further indicating the measurement invariance of the MDRT-EC. Finally, we used the MDRT-EC to explore cultural differences in risk attitudes across domains and their predictive relations with a range of lifestyle behaviors.
Assessing Impulsivity in Chinese: Elaborating Validity of BIS Among Male Prisoners
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 12-10-2018
Abstract: This study was carried out to test the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale–Version 11 (BIS-11), and its short versions (the eight-item and 15-item BIS) in a s le of 424 Chinese male prisoners ( M = 31.26, SD = 7.43, age = 18-52 years). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFAs) indicated that the single-factor model of BIS with eight items (BIS-8) and the three-factor model of BIS with 15 items (BIS-15) fit the data well. In addition, the item response theory (IRT) approach confirmed the construct and items for the BIS-8 with good discrimination, threshold parameters, and test information curve. Correlations with psychopathic traits, antisocial personality disorder, and aggression suggested that the performance of the eight-item BIS was comparable with that of the original 30-item BIS in measuring general impulsivity.
Mutiny on the Boundary: Methods for Bounded Quantitative Variables
Publisher: Center for Open Science
Date: 08-10-2019
Abstract: Many quantitative variables in psychological research, assessment, and testing have bounds, but boundedness often is ignored by researchers. Ignoring bounds can result in miss-estimation, miss-specified models, and improper statistical inference. This tutorial introduces concepts and models for analyzing quantitative random variables that have one or more bounds. These variables fall into two groups: Those where the bounds are “absolute”, and “limited” variables whose bounds are “censored” or “truncated”. This tutorial explains which techniques are suited to dealing with specific types of bounded variables and how to deal with boundary cases, and provides a guide to resources for using these techniques effectively.
Developing and validating a Chinese version of the Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality–Self-Report.
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 05-2021
DOI: 10.1037/PER0000446
Moderator effects differ on alternative effect-size measures
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-04-2016
DOI: 10.3758/S13428-016-0735-Z
Abstract: This paper discusses largely ignored issues regarding moderation of effect-sizes. We show that, under commonly-occurring conditions, popular alternatives for effect-size measures in ANOVA and multiple regression are not moderated identically across independent s les. Effects may appear to be unmoderated according to one effect-size measure but not according to another, or may even be moderated in opposite directions. We identify the conditions under which differential effect-size moderation can occur, and show that they are commonplace. We then review techniques for detecting and dealing with differential moderation of alternative effect-size measures. Finally, we discuss implications for research practice, reporting, replication, and meta-analysis.
Translation and validation of the Chinese versions of the Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale, Stigma of Suicide Scale, and Literacy of Suicide Scale
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-08-2017
DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2016.1214633
Abstract: This article reports the validation of the Chinese versions of the Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale (SIDAS), the short form of Stigma of Suicide Scale (SOSS), and the short form of Literacy of Suicide Scale (LOSS) among 57 Chinese and English bilinguals and 224 Chinese university students. All the translated scales showed high correlations with the original versions. The translated SIDAS and refined SOSS demonstrated robust factor structures, good internal consistency, and convergent validity. Chinese students with self-reported depression symptoms tended to have higher glorification of suicide and lower suicide literacy. These brief scales fill an important gap in evaluating suicide outcomes in Chinese-speaking societies.
Ambiguity and Conflict Aversion When Uncertainty Is in the Outcomes
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 29-03-2019
Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicidal ideation in a representative Australian population sample–Longitudinal cohort study
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2022
Elaborating on the construct validity of triarchic psychopathy measure in Chinese clinical and nonclinical samples
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 09-2017
DOI: 10.1037/PAS0000398
Abstract: The contemporary knowledge of the construct and operationalization of psychopathy in East Asian countries is still limited. The present paper examines the validity and applicability of the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure (TriPM) based on the triarchic model of psychopathy in Chinese clinical and nonclinical s les. The results of Study 1 using a psychiatric patient s le (N = 193) showed that the pattern of associations between the TriPM scales (Boldness, Meanness, and Disinhibition) and the 3 factors (Egocentricity, Callous, and Antisocial) of the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale were similar to previous studies using English-speaking s les. Study 2 examined the construct validity of the TriPM with the inclusion of culturally adapted measures as external criteria in a university s le (N = 311). The TriPM Boldness scale was uniquely associated with fearlessness, whereas TriPM Disinhibition was associated with risky behaviors. TriPM Meanness significantly correlated with a Chinese interpersonal construct, Renqing, which is a social norm of interpersonal affect and relations. Cross-cultural implications for psychopathy are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record
Working Memory and Causal Reasoning under Ambiguity
Publisher: Unpublished
Date: 2014
Assessing a domain-specific risk-taking construct: A meta-analysis of reliability of the DOSPERT scale
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1017/S193029750000694X
Abstract: The DOSPERT scale has been used extensively to understand in idual differences in risk attitudes across varying decision domains since 2002. The present study reports a reliability generalization meta-analysis to summarize the internal consistency of both the initial and the revised versions of DOSPERT. It also examined factors that can influence the reliability of the DOSPERT and its subscales. A total of 104 s les (N = 30,109) that reported 465 coefficient alphas were analyzed. Results of meta-regression models showed that the overall coefficient alpha of the DOSPERT total scores was satisfactory, regardless of the scale and study characteristics. Coefficient alphas varied significantly across domain subscales, with values ranging from .68 for the social domain to .80 for the recreational domain. In addition, the alpha coefficients of subscales varied significantly depending on various study characteristics. Finally, we report the meta-analysis of the intercorrelations among DOSPERT subscales and reveal that intercorrelations among the subscales are heterogeneous. We discuss the theoretical implications of the present findings.
Data from an International Multi-Centre Study of Statistics and Mathematics Anxieties and Related Variables in University Students (the SMARVUS Dataset)
Publisher: Center for Open Science
Date: 10-10-2022
Abstract: This large, international dataset contains survey responses from N = 12,570 students from 100 universities in 35 countries, collected in 21 languages. We measured anxieties (statistics, mathematics, test, trait, social interaction, performance, creativity, intolerance of uncertainty, and fear of negative evaluation), self-efficacy, persistence, and the cognitive reflection test, and collected demographics, previous mathematics grades, self-reported and official statistics grades, and statistics module details. Data reuse potential is broad, including testing links between anxieties and statistics/mathematics education factors, and examining instruments’ psychometric properties across different languages and contexts. Data and metadata are stored on the Open Science Framework website (osf.io/mhg94/).
Trajectories of depression and anxiety symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in a representative Australian adult cohort
Publisher: AMPCo
Date: 26-04-2021
DOI: 10.5694/MJA2.51043
Identifying the contingencies of self‐worth associated with eating disorder symptoms: The use of choice‐based conjoint analysis
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-10-2021
DOI: 10.1002/EAT.23634
Abstract: Self‐worth contingent on shape/weight is a diagnostic criterion and key maintaining factor for eating disorders. However, the role of other contingencies of self‐worth (i.e., domains in which self‐worth is invested) is largely unknown. Moreover, research has relied on self‐ratings of contingency strength, which are subject to distortion through socially desirable responding and limited self‐awareness, and may have limitations in terms of ecological validity. To overcome these limitations, the present study investigated a broad range of contingencies of self‐worth in relation to eating disorder pathology and employed a choice‐based conjoint (CBC) approach for assessing these contingencies. Young women and men from the community ( N = 428) completed a CBC task to assess the domains in which self‐worth is invested, the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE‐Q) to assess eating disorder symptomatology, and the Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding to assess socially desirable responding. Beta regression analyses showed that CBC thinness and athletic competence predicted higher scores on all EDE‐Q scales. CBC muscularity and facial attractiveness predicted higher scores, while coping ability and quality of relationships predicted lower scores, on various aspects of eating disorder symptoms. CBC social acceptance predicted lower eating disorder symptoms in males only. The findings suggest that a broader range of contingencies of self‐worth beyond shape/weight are relevant to eating disorder pathology and should be considered as potential underlying mechanisms and treatment targets. In addition, this first use of the CBC method in eating disorder research provides initial support for its validity and utility.
Awareness and perceived helpfulness of mental health peer workers in a representative sample of the Australian public
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2022
Evaluating Predictors of Dispersion: A Comparison of Dominance Analysis and Bayesian Model Averaging
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-11-2013
DOI: 10.1007/S11336-013-9375-8
Abstract: Conventional measures of predictor importance in linear models are applicable only when the assumption of homoscedasticity is satisfied. Moreover, they cannot be adapted to evaluating predictor importance in models of heteroscedasticity (i.e., dispersion), an issue that seems not to have been systematically addressed in the literature. We compare two suitable approaches, Dominance Analysis (DA) and Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA), for simultaneously evaluating predictor importance in models of location and dispersion. We apply them to the beta general linear model as a test-case, illustrating this with an ex le using real data. Simulations using several different model structures, s le sizes, and degrees of multicollinearity suggest that both DA and BMA largely agree on the relative importance of predictors of the mean, but differ when ranking predictors of dispersion. The main implication of these findings for researchers is that the choice between DA and BMA is most important when they wish to evaluate the importance of predictors of dispersion.
Effects of question formats on causal judgments and model evaluation
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 21-04-2015
Moral judgments under uncertainty: risk, ambiguity and commission bias
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-08-2023
DOI: 10.1007/S12144-023-05050-W
Abstract: Previous research on moral dilemmas has mainly focused on decisions made under conditions of probabilistic certainty. We investigated the impact of uncertainty on the preference for action (killing one in idual to save five people) and inaction (saving one but allowing five people to die) in moral dilemmas. We reported two experimental studies that varied the framing (gain vs loss), levels of risk (probability of gain and loss) and levels of ambiguity (imprecise probability information) in the choice to save five in iduals by sacrificing one. We found that participants preferred actions with uncertainty (risk/ambiguity) over inaction. Specifically, we found that participants preferred actions with precise probability information (risk) over inaction, and they preferred actions with modest or high levels of ambiguity over actions with precise probabilities, especially when moral dilemmas had a loss frame. We also observed commission bias in Study 2. We discussed the implications for research in moral decision-making.
Core features of callous–unemotional traits: Network analysis of the inventory of callous–unemotional traits in offender and community samples
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-11-2020
DOI: 10.1002/JCLP.23090
Cause or symptom? A longitudinal test of bidirectional relationships between emotion regulation strategies and mental health symptoms.
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 10-2021
DOI: 10.1037/EMO0001018
Data from an International Multi-Centre Study of Statistics and Mathematics Anxieties and Related Variables in University Students (the SMARVUS Dataset)
Publisher: Ubiquity Press, Ltd.
Date: 29-05-2023
DOI: 10.5334/JOPD.80
Abstract: This large, international dataset contains survey responses from N = 12,570 students from 100 universities in 35 countries, collected in 21 languages. We measured anxieties (statistics, mathematics, test, trait, social interaction, performance, creativity, intolerance of uncertainty, and fear of negative evaluation), self-efficacy, persistence, and the cognitive reflection test, and collected demographics, previous mathematics grades, self-reported and official statistics grades, and statistics module details. Data reuse potential is broad, including testing links between anxieties and statistics/mathematics education factors, and examining instruments’ psychometric properties across different languages and contexts. Data and metadata are stored on the Open Science Framework website [osf.io/mhg94/].
Fundamentals of Measurement in Clinical Psychology
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2022
Development and validation of the chinese triarchic psychopathy measure
Publisher: Guilford Publications
Date: 08-2016
DOI: 10.1521/PEDI.2016.30.4.436
Abstract: The nature of psychopathy is not well understood in East Asian cultures, partially due to a lack of an established measurement of this important construct. This study developed and validated a Chinese-language version of the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure (TriPM) based on Patrick et al.'s (2009) triarchic model of psychopathy. Study 1 described the translation of the Chinese TriPM and demonstrated that the Chinese version of the TriPM is equivalent to the original English version in linguistic meaning. Study 2 examined the construct validity of the Chinese TriPM in a Chinese student s le. The TriPM evinced acceptable reliability and promising validity. Moreover, cross-cultural equivalence was examined by relative associations for the TriPM with the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale across the Chinese s le and a comparable United States student s le. Results revealed that the test bias in the strength of associations, regression intercepts, and slopes was mostly absent across the two s les.
The psychological benefits of an uncertain world: Hope and optimism in the face of existential threat
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 23-03-2022
DOI: 10.3389/FPSYG.2022.749093
Abstract: We examine how prior mental health predicts hopes and how hopes predict subsequent mental health, testing hypotheses in a longitudinal study with an Australian nation-wide adult s le regarding mental health consequences of the COVID-19 outbreak during its initial stage. Quota s ling was used to select a s le representative of the adult Australian population in terms of age groups, gender, and geographical location. Mental health measures were selected to include those with the best psychometric properties. Hypotheses were tested using generalized linear models with random intercepts, with the type of GLM determined by the nature of the dependent variable. Greater anxiety, depression, distress, and loneliness predict less hope, but impaired quality of life and stress positively predict hopes of gaining new skills. Distress and loneliness predict hopes for social connectedness and an improved society, suggesting that predictors of hope depend on what is hoped for. These findings suggest the need for more nuanced theories of hope. Greater hopes for societal improvement predict lower anxiety, depression, distress, and impaired quality of life, but greater hopes for skills and better mental health predict higher levels of these covariates. Moreover, when relevant prior psychological states are more intense, the impact of hope state declines. These findings indicate that the consequences of hope are heterogeneous, and suggest a possible explanation for the seemingly inconsistent therapeutic effectiveness of raising hope.
Attitudes toward risk and uncertainty: The role of subjective knowledge and affect
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-11-2021
DOI: 10.1002/BDM.2217
Abstract: An in idual's attitude toward risk is often measured by their behavioral tendency in risky situations. However, commonly used self‐report measures of risk attitudes often do not explicitly specify “risk” in all the items, which results in an unsystematic mix of both perceived uncertainty and risk (as loss). Thus, an in idual's endorsement of those items can vary as a function of not only the latent construct of attitudes toward risk, but also factors including prior knowledge and affective reaction to uncertainty. Two studies were carried out to examine the extent to which participants perceive behavioral tendency items as entailing uncertainty or risk (as loss) and how behavioral tendency can be influenced by prior knowledge. Results indicate that endorsement of behavioral tendency was significantly greater when “risk” information was implicit when compared with items that had explicit information to contextualize the uncertainty or risk. Furthermore, prior knowledge had a significantly stronger influence on the endorsement of items in which risk information was implicit than on the explicit uncertainty/risk items. Finally, uncertainty and risk in the items appeared to influence behavioral tendency significantly via emotional responses to the items. This research highlights the need for researchers to more adequately control for different sources of variability when measuring the desired construct of attitude toward risk.
Differences in the dynamics of the tandem‐SH2 modules of the Syk and ZAP ‐70 tyrosine kinases
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-10-2021
DOI: 10.1002/PRO.4199
Abstract: The catalytic activity of Syk‐family tyrosine kinases is regulated by a tandem Src homology 2 module (tSH2 module). In the autoinhibited state, this module adopts a conformation that stabilizes an inactive conformation of the kinase domain. The binding of the tSH2 module to phosphorylated immunoreceptor tyrosine‐based activation motifs necessitates a conformational change, thereby relieving kinase inhibition and promoting activation. We determined the crystal structure of the isolated tSH2 module of Syk and find, in contrast to ZAP‐70, that its conformation more closely resembles that of the peptide‐bound state, rather than the autoinhibited state. Hydrogen–deuterium exchange by mass spectrometry, as well as molecular dynamics simulations, reveal that the dynamics of the tSH2 modules of Syk and ZAP‐70 differ, with most of these differences occurring in the C‐terminal SH2 domain. Our data suggest that the conformational landscapes of the tSH2 modules in Syk and ZAP‐70 have been tuned differently, such that the autoinhibited conformation of the Syk tSH2 module is less stable. This feature of Syk likely contributes to its ability to more readily escape autoinhibition when compared to ZAP‐70, consistent with tighter control of downstream signaling pathways in T cells.
Alabama Parenting Questionnaire-9: A reliability generalization meta-analysis.
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 10-2021
DOI: 10.1037/PAS0001031
Asymmetries in Responses to Attitude Statements: The Example of “Zero-Sum” Beliefs
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 29-06-2016
Risk Tolerance and Changes in Coronavirus Disease (COVID) Related Health Behaviors: A Longitudinal Study
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 08-2022
DOI: 10.1037/HEA0001197
Abstract: The present study examined behavioral responses during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the role of dispositional risk tolerance in the Australian context. The study involved a six-wave longitudinal investigation with a nationally representative s le of Australians ( The results revealed a high implementation rate for protective actions when Australia had a peak in the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequently declined with the easing threat of the pandemic. In iduals' dispositional risk tolerance significantly predicted transition to, and endorsement of, protective actions. Participants who had low risk tolerance were more likely to remain at the state of implementing COVID-19 measures than being in, or transitioning to, other states. The findings suggest that when encouraging protective actions, governments and public authorities should acknowledge variability in the community in responding to risk and consider measures in addition to risk messaging to encourage protective actions among in iduals with a high level of risk tolerance. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
Question word-order influences on covariate effects: predicting zero-sum beliefs
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-2017
Attitudes toward ambiguous situations resemble the domain-specificity of attitudes toward risk
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2022
Factor structure and construct validity of the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (LSRP) in a sample of Chinese male inmates.
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 07-2018
DOI: 10.1037/PAS0000537
Abstract: The current study examined the factor structure and convergent and discriminant validity of the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy scale (LSRP) in Chinese male inmates (N = 437). The original 2-factor model, the revised 2-factor model, and the 3-factor model were tested through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Additionally, convergent and discriminant validity were examined via correlational and multiple linear regression analyses between LSRP factors and external criterion variables. Results showed that the 3-factor model fit the data better than the 2-factor model. The 3-factor model also showed reasonable convergent and discriminant validity. The findings were consistent with previous studies and suggested that the LSRP can be an effective self-report measure for assessing psychopathy in China. (PsycINFO Database Record
Factors Influencing Professional Help Seeking for Suicidal Thoughts in Young People: Considerations of Designing a Cross-Cultural Health Promotion Study
Publisher: SAGE Publications Ltd
Date: 2020
The Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits: A reliability generalization meta-analysis.
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 06-2019
DOI: 10.1037/PAS0000698
Abstract: The Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits (ICU) is the most commonly used measure of Callous Unemotional (CU) traits. However, its internal consistency reliability estimates vary substantially across different studies. This article reports findings from a reliability generalization (RG) meta-analysis, which included 146 studies (N = 64,356), to estimate the overall Cronbach's alpha values of ICU scores. Mixed-effects moderator analyses were also conducted to investigate possible study characteristics that may influence alpha values. The findings showed that the mean alpha value of the ICU total and subscale scores were acceptable, ranging from .70 (unemotional subscale) to .81 (total score). Moderator analyses indicated that the mean and standard deviation of the total scores, age group, and administration format accounted for 35.51% of the total variability of the alpha values. The observer-report version had substantially higher reliability than the self-report version. We discuss the implications of these findings for future clinical research and practice. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
How Big Is (Sample) Space? Judgment and Decision Making With Unknown States and Outcomes
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 10-2021
DOI: 10.1037/DEC0000154
A cognitive model of delusion propensity through dysregulated correlation detection
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2021
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCHRES.2021.08.025
Abstract: We present a novel account of delusion propensity that integrates the roles of working memory (WM), decision criteria, and information gathering biases. This framework emphasises the role of aberrant correlation detection, which leads to the spurious perception of relationships between one's experiences. The frequency of such outcomes is moderated by the scaling of one's decision criteria which, for reasons discussed, must also account for WM capacity. The proposed dysregulated correlation detection account posits that propensity for delusional ideation is influenced by disturbances in this mechanism. Hypotheses were tested using a novel task that required participants (N = 92) to identify correlation between binary manipulations of simple shapes, presented as sequential pairs. Decision criteria and correlation detection were assessed under a Signal Detection Theory framework, while WM capacity was assessed through the Automated Operation Span Task and delusion propensity was measured using the Peters Delusion Inventory. Structural equation modeling was conducted to evaluate the proposed model. Consistent with the central hypothesis, an interaction between decision criteria and WM was found to contribute significantly to delusion propensity through its effect on correlation detection accuracy. Greater delusion propensity was observed among participants with more liberal decision criteria, which was also in accordance with hypotheses. At the same time, the total effect of WM on delusion propensity was not found to be significant. These findings provide preliminary support for the proposed dysregulated correlation detection account of propensity for delusional ideation.
Measuring Risk Tolerance across Domains: Scale Development and Validation
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-2021
DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2021.1966019
Abstract: Risk attitudes are of interest to researchers in many fields as they play a crucial role in our day-to-day decision-making. In this paper we develop a measure of risk attitudes-the Multi-Domain Risk Tolerance (MDRT) scale-that addresses some key shortcomings of popular self-report scales, such as the Domain-Specific Risk-Taking (DOSPERT) scale. We do this by clearly aligning the risk in the items with the particular domain of risk, reducing item ambiguity, and reducing the impact of prior knowledge. We developed the MDRT using an Exploratory Graph Analysis (EGA) and Item Response Theory (IRT) approach with a community s le (N = 921). We examined its construct and convergent validity (N = 493) and construct generalizability (N = 487). We found that the MDRT had excellent internal consistency, dimensionality and latent factor structure. The MDRT also demonstrated significant convergent validity with related scales used in the literature. The MDRT is shown to be a promising alternative measure of risk attitudes.
Randomly stopped sums: models and psychological applications
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 10-11-2014
Assessing Callous-Unemotional Traits in Chinese Detained Boys: Factor Structure and Construct Validity of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 07-08-2019
Further Validation of the Inventory of Callous–Unemotional Traits in Chinese Children: Cross-Informants Invariance and Longitudinal Invariance
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 25-04-2019
Abstract: The present study examined the factor structure and measurement invariance of the shortened versions of the Inventory of Callous–Unemotional Traits (ICU) with data from multiple informants. Five short versions of the ICU proposed in previous studies were tested and compared through confirmatory factor analysis. The measurement invariance across different informants (i.e., self-report, parent-report, and teacher-report) and longitudinal measurement invariance for the resulting best-fitting model were tested thoroughly. Results indicated that a shortened form that consists of 11 items (ICU-11) to assess callousness and uncaring factors had excellent overall fit. Moreover, the ICU-11 was invariant across informant and occasions. However, the ICU-11 was not without limitations the internal consistency α for the uncaring factor with self-report scores was marginal. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the ICU-11 was an excellent fit for our data and displayed measurement invariance across informants and over time. The ICU-11 may be a promising assessment tool that could be used in research to assess callous–uncaring traits in Chinese children.
Why the other-race effect matters: Poor recognition of other-race faces impacts everyday social interactions
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-05-2023
DOI: 10.1111/BJOP.12508
Abstract: What happens to everyday social interactions when other‐race recognition fails? Here, we provide the first formal investigation of this question. We gave East Asian international students ( N = 89) a questionnaire concerning their experiences of the other‐race effect (ORE) in Australia, and a laboratory test of their objective other‐race face recognition deficit using the Cambridge Face Memory Test (CFMT). As a ‘perpetrator’ of the ORE, participants reported that their problems telling apart Caucasian people contributed significantly to difficulties socializing with them. Moreover, the severity of this problem correlated with their ORE on the CFMT. As a ‘victim’ of the ORE, participants reported that Caucasians' problems telling them apart also contributed to difficulties socializing. Further, 81% of participants had been confused with other Asians by a Caucasian authority figure (e.g., university tutor, workplace boss), resulting in varying levels of upset/difficulty. When compared to previously established contributors to international students' high rates of social isolation, ORE‐related problems were perceived as equally important as the language barrier and only moderately less important than cultural differences. We conclude that the real‐world impact of the ORE extends beyond previously identified specialized settings (eyewitness testimony, security), to common everyday situations experienced by all humans.
Differences in the dynamics of the tandem-SH2 modules of the Syk and ZAP-70 tyrosine kinases
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 20-07-2021
DOI: 10.1101/2021.07.20.453126
Abstract: The catalytic activity of Syk-family tyrosine kinases is regulated by a tandem-SH2 module (tSH2 module). In the autoinhibited state, this module adopts a conformation which stabilizes an inactive conformation of the kinase domain. The binding of the tSH2 module to doubly-phosphorylated tyrosine-containing motifs necessitates a conformational change, thereby relieving kinase inhibition and promoting activation. We determined the crystal structure of the isolated tSH2 module of Syk and find, in contrast to ZAP-70, that its conformation more closely resembles that of the peptide-bound state, rather than the autoinhibited state. Hydrogen-deuterium exchange by mass spectrometry, as well as molecular dynamics simulations, reveal that the dynamics of the tSH2 modules of Syk and ZAP-70 differ, with most of these differences occurring in the C-terminal SH2 domain. Our data suggest that the conformational landscapes of the tSH2 modules in Syk and ZAP-70 have been tuned differently, such that the auto-inhibited conformation of the Syk tSH2 module is less stable. This feature of Syk likely contributes to its ability to more readily escape autoinhibition when compared to ZAP-70, consistent with tighter control of downstream signaling pathways in T cells.
Sociocultural Influences on Psychopathy Traits: A Cross-National Investigation
Publisher: Guilford Publications
Date: 04-2019
Abstract: It is important to consider cultural implications in the development and manifestation of psychopathy because this construct is often understood in reference to behavioral deviance from social norms. This study examined the construct of psychopathy as it relates to three psychological constructs that are shaped by sociocultural contexts: collectivism-in idualism, Zhongyong thinking, and dialectical self-concept. The authors recruited 636 participants from four nations and examined differences between Western English-speaking populations and East Asian Chinese-speaking populations. The results showed that collectivism and Zhongyong thinking negatively correlated with the maladaptive aspects of psychopathy (affective/interpersonal and behavioral), whereas in idualism and dialectical self-concept positively correlated with the behavioral aspect of psychopathy. Dialectical self-concept also negatively correlated with Boldness. The majority of these associations did not differ significantly between the Western and East Asian s les. This finding suggests the potential universality of the psychological processes of psychopathy in relation to cultural values and thinking styles.
The Factors Associated With Telehealth Use and Avoidance During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Longitudinal Survey
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 08-02-2023
DOI: 10.2196/43798
Abstract: Social distancing requirements due to the COVID-19 pandemic saw a rapid increase in the delivery of telehealth consultations as an alternative to face-to-face health care services. The aims of this study were to assess the use and acceptability of telehealth during the early stages of the pandemic and identify factors associated with telehealth avoidance during this period. Data were obtained from waves 4 and 7 of a longitudinal survey designed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health and behavior of a representative s le of Australian adults. Participants reported on their use or avoidance of telehealth during the assessment period, as well as the mode of telehealth used and acceptability. Approximately 30% of participants reported using telehealth during the assessment periods, with the most common telehealth modality being the telephone. Acceptance of telehealth was generally high and was higher among those who used telehealth compared with those who did not. Approximately 18% of participants reported avoiding health care due to telehealth. Across assessment waves, avoidance was associated with younger age, speaking a language other than or in addition to English, having a current medical diagnosis, and lower levels of telehealth acceptability. While most participants in this study were accepting of telehealth services, there remain barriers to use, especially among those from particular sociodemographic groups. At a population level, avoidance of health services in nearly one in five adults may have considerable long-term impacts on morbidity and potentially mortality. Targeted efforts to promote engagement with telehealth services are critical if these adverse outcomes are to be avoided, particularly during periods when access to face-to-face services may be limited.
The Effect of COVID-19 on Mental Health and Wellbeing in a Representative Sample of Australian Adults
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 06-10-2020
DOI: 10.3389/FPSYT.2020.579985
Abstract: There is minimal knowledge about the impact of large-scale epidemics on community mental health, particularly during the acute phase. This gap in knowledge means we are critically ill-equipped to support communities as they face the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to provide data urgently needed to inform government policy and resource allocation now and in other future crises. The study was the first to survey a representative s le from the Australian population at the early acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Depression, anxiety, and psychological wellbeing were measured with well-validated scales (PHQ-9, GAD-7, WHO-5). Using linear regression, we tested for associations between mental health and exposure to COVID-19, impacts of COVID-19 on work and social functioning, and socio-demographic factors. Depression and anxiety symptoms were substantively elevated relative to usual population data, including for in iduals with no existing mental health diagnosis. Exposure to COVID-19 had minimal association with mental health outcomes. Recent exposure to the Australian bushfires was also unrelated to depression and anxiety, although bushfire smoke exposure correlated with reduced psychological wellbeing. In contrast, pandemic-induced impairments in work and social functioning were strongly associated with elevated depression and anxiety symptoms, as well as decreased psychological wellbeing. Financial distress due to the pandemic, rather than job loss per se , was also a key correlate of poorer mental health. These findings suggest that minimizing disruption to work and social functioning, and increasing access to mental health services in the community, are important policy goals to minimize pandemic-related impacts on mental health and wellbeing. Innovative and creative strategies are needed to meet these community needs while continuing to enact vital public health strategies to control the spread of COVID-19.
Related Organisations
National University Singapore Saw Swee Hock School Of Public Health
Location: Singapore
National University Of Singapore Lloyd's Register Foundation Institute For The Public Understanding Of Risk
Location: Singapore
Related Funding Activities
Discovery Early Career Researcher Award - Grant ID: DE180100015
Start Date: 03-2018
End Date: 03-2022
Amount: $400,996.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityDiscovery Projects - Grant ID: DP200100513
Start Date: 02-2020
End Date: 12-2023
Amount: $293,141.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded Activity