ORCID Profile
0000-0002-9682-3911
Current Organisation
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
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Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 28-04-2023
DOI: 10.1017/ICE.2023.69
Abstract: To identify central-line (CL)–associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) incidence and risk factors in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). From July 1, 1998, to February 12, 2022, we conducted a multinational multicenter prospective cohort study using online standardized surveillance system and unified forms. The study included 728 ICUs of 286 hospitals in 147 cities in 41 African, Asian, Eastern European, Latin American, and Middle Eastern countries. In total, 278,241 patients followed during 1,815,043 patient days acquired 3,537 CLABSIs. For the CLABSI rate, we used CL days as the denominator and the number of CLABSIs as the numerator. Using multiple logistic regression, outcomes are shown as adjusted odds ratios (aORs). The pooled CLABSI rate was 4.82 CLABSIs per 1,000 CL days, which is significantly higher than that reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Healthcare Safety Network (CDC NHSN). We analyzed 11 variables, and the following variables were independently and significantly associated with CLABSI: length of stay (LOS), risk increasing 3% daily (aOR, 1.03 95% CI, 1.03–1.04 P .0001), number of CL days, risk increasing 4% per CL day (aOR, 1.04 95% CI, 1.03–1.04 P .0001), surgical hospitalization (aOR, 1.12 95% CI, 1.03–1.21 P .0001), tracheostomy use (aOR, 1.52 95% CI, 1.23–1.88 P .0001), hospitalization at a publicly owned facility (aOR, 3.04 95% CI, 2.31–4.01 P .0001) or at a teaching hospital (aOR, 2.91 95% CI, 2.22–3.83 P .0001), hospitalization in a middle-income country (aOR, 2.41 95% CI, 2.09–2.77 P .0001). The ICU type with highest risk was adult oncology (aOR, 4.35 95% CI, 3.11–6.09 P .0001), followed by pediatric oncology (aOR, 2.51 % CI, 1.57–3.99 P .0001), and pediatric (aOR, 2.34 95% CI, 1.81–3.01 P .0001). The CL type with the highest risk was internal-jugular (aOR, 3.01 95% CI, 2.71–3.33 P .0001), followed by femoral (aOR, 2.29 95% CI, 1.96–2.68 P .0001). Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) was the CL with the lowest CLABSI risk (aOR, 1.48 95% CI, 1.02–2.18 P = .04). The following CLABSI risk factors are unlikely to change: country income level, facility ownership, hospitalization type, and ICU type. These findings suggest a focus on reducing LOS, CL days, and tracheostomy using PICC instead of internal-jugular or femoral CL and implementing evidence-based CLABSI prevention recommendations.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2023
DOI: 10.1016/J.AJIC.2022.08.024
Abstract: The International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium has found a high ICU mortality rate. Our aim was to identify all-cause mortality risk factors in ICU-patients. Multinational, multicenter, prospective cohort study at 786 ICUs of 312 hospitals in 147 cities in 37 Latin American, Asian, African, Middle Eastern, and European countries. Between 07/01/1998 and 02/12/2022, 300,827 patients, followed during 2,167,397 patient-days, acquired 21,371 HAIs. Following mortality risk factors were identified in multiple logistic regression: Central line-associated bloodstream infection (aOR:1.84 P<.0001) ventilator-associated pneumonia (aOR:1.48 P<.0001) catheter-associated urinary tract infection (aOR:1.18 P<.0001) medical hospitalization (aOR:1.81 P<.0001) length of stay (LOS), risk rises 1% per day (aOR:1.01 P<.0001) female gender (aOR:1.09 P<.0001) age (aOR:1.012 P<.0001) central line-days, risk rises 2% per day (aOR:1.02 P<.0001) and mechanical ventilator (MV)-utilization ratio (aOR:10.46 P<.0001). Coronary ICU showed the lowest risk for mortality (aOR: 0.34 P<.0001). Some identified risk factors are unlikely to change, such as country income-level, facility ownership, hospitalization type, gender, and age. Some can be modified Central line-associated bloodstream infection, ventilator-associated pneumonia, catheter-associated urinary tract infection, LOS, and MV-utilization. So, to lower the risk of death in ICUs, we recommend focusing on strategies to shorten the LOS, reduce MV-utilization, and use evidence-based recommendations to prevent HAIs.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 2023
DOI: 10.1017/ASH.2022.339
Abstract: Rates of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) are several times above those of high-income countries. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors (RFs) for VAP cases in ICUs of LMICs. Prospective cohort study. This study was conducted across 743 ICUs of 282 hospitals in 144 cities in 42 Asian, African, European, Latin American, and Middle Eastern countries. The study included patients admitted to ICUs across 24 years. In total, 289,643 patients were followed during 1,951,405 patient days and acquired 8,236 VAPs. We analyzed 10 independent variables. Multiple logistic regression identified the following independent VAP RFs: male sex (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.22 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16–1.28 P .0001) longer length of stay (LOS), which increased the risk 7% per day (aOR, 1.07 95% CI, 1.07–1.08 P .0001) mechanical ventilation (MV) utilization ratio (aOR, 1.27 95% CI, 1.23–1.31 P .0001) continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), which was associated with the highest risk (aOR, 13.38 95% CI, 11.57–15.48 P .0001) tracheostomy connected to a MV, which was associated with the next-highest risk (aOR, 8.31 95% CI, 7.21–9.58 P .0001) endotracheal tube connected to a MV (aOR, 6.76 95% CI, 6.34–7.21 P .0001) surgical hospitalization (aOR, 1.23 95% CI, 1.17–1.29 P .0001) admission to a public hospital (aOR, 1.59 95% CI, 1.35-1.86 P .0001) middle-income country (aOR, 1.22 95% CI, 15–1.29 P .0001) admission to an adult-oncology ICU, which was associated with the highest risk (aOR, 4.05 95% CI, 3.22–5.09 P .0001), admission to a neurologic ICU, which was associated with the next-highest risk (aOR, 2.48 95% CI, 1.78–3.45 P .0001) and admission to a respiratory ICU (aOR, 2.35 95% CI, 1.79–3.07 P .0001). Admission to a coronary ICU showed the lowest risk (aOR, 0.63 95% CI, 0.51–0.77 P .0001). Some identified VAP RFs are unlikely to change: sex, hospitalization type, ICU type, facility ownership, and country income level. Based on our results, we recommend focusing on strategies to reduce LOS, to reduce the MV utilization ratio, to limit CPAP use and implementing a set of evidence-based VAP prevention recommendations.
Location: United States of America
No related grants have been discovered for Lili Tao.