Quan Hua

Direct AMS 14C analysis of carbonate

Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)

Date: 15-04-2019

DOI: 10.1017/RDC.2019.24

Abstract: We have investigated the possibility of direct accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon (AMS 14 C) measurement of carbonate s les at ANSTO using the STAR 2 MV tandem accelerator. Each carbonate s le was powdered, mixed with metal powder and pressed into an aluminum cathode for direct carbonate measurement by AMS 14 C. Of the three high-purity metal powders (Fe, Nb, and Ag) used in our investigation, Nb was found to be the best metal, which delivered higher carbon beam currents and lower background. Beam currents for targets containing the optimal carbonate mass of 1.5–2.0 mg were ∼8% of those obtained from graphite targets of standard size ( .5 mg C). Typical measured blank for Carrara marble (IAEA-C1) of ∼40 ka was obtained. Background-corrected 14 C values of carbonate targets agreed well with their associated values obtained from high-precision analysis of graphite targets within 2σ uncertainties. Typical precision of this rapid AMS analysis was ∼1% for s les ka. Despite lower precision for carbonate target ages (compared to standard graphite target ages), these ages are useful for palaeobiological applications where a large number of dates are required, such as time-averaging studies.

SHCal20 Southern Hemisphere Calibration, 0–55,000 Years cal BP

Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)

Date: 08-2020

DOI: 10.1017/RDC.2020.59

Abstract: Early researchers of radiocarbon levels in Southern Hemisphere tree rings identified a variable North-South hemispheric offset, necessitating construction of a separate radiocarbon calibration curve for the South. We present here SHCal20, a revised calibration curve from 0–55,000 cal BP, based upon SHCal13 and fortified by the addition of 14 new tree-ring data sets in the 2140–0, 3520–3453, 3608–3590 and 13,140–11,375 cal BP time intervals. We detail the statistical approaches used for curve construction and present recommendations for the use of the Northern Hemisphere curve (IntCal20), the Southern Hemisphere curve (SHCal20) and suggest where application of an equal mixture of the curves might be more appropriate. Using our Bayesian spline with errors-in-variables methodology, and based upon a comparison of Southern Hemisphere tree-ring data compared with contemporaneous Northern Hemisphere data, we estimate the mean Southern Hemisphere offset to be 36 ± 27 14 C yrs older.

Comparing direct carbonate and standard graphite 14C determinations of biogenic carbonates

Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)

Date: 19-01-2021

DOI: 10.1017/RDC.2020.131

Abstract: The direct carbonate procedure for accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon (AMS 14 C) dating of submilligram s les of biogenic carbonate without graphitization is becoming widely used in a variety of studies. We compare the results of 153 paired direct carbonate and standard graphite 14 C determinations on single specimens of an assortment of biogenic carbonates. A reduced major axis regression shows a strong relationship between direct carbonate and graphite percent Modern Carbon (pMC) values (m = 0.996 95% CI [0.991–1.001]). An analysis of differences and a 95% confidence interval on pMC values reveals that there is no significant difference between direct carbonate and graphite pMC values for 76% of analyzed specimens, although variation in direct carbonate pMC is underestimated. The difference between the two methods is typically within 2 pMC, with 61% of direct carbonate pMC measurements being higher than their paired graphite counterpart. Of the 36 specimens that did yield significant differences, all but three missed the 95% significance threshold by 1.2 pMC or less. These results show that direct carbonate 14 C dating of biogenic carbonates is a cost-effective and efficient complement to standard graphite 14 C dating.

Dry, leeward regions support Colonization Period sites: Stratigraphy, dating, and geomorphological setting of one of the earliest habitations in the Hawaiian Islands

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 08-03-2023

DOI: 10.1080/15564894.2023.2165200

65,000 years of changing plant food and landscape use at Madjedbebe, Mirarr country, northern Australia

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 05-2022

DOI: 10.1016/J.QUASCIREV.2022.107498

Active Sediment Generation on Coral Reef Flats Contributes to Recent Reef Island Expansion

Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)

Date: 02-12-2020

DOI: 10.1029/2020GL088752

Abstract: The ongoing development of Jeh Island in the Marshall Islands was investigated using aerial photographs, high‐resolution satellite imagery, and radiometric dating of island sediments. Remote sensing observations show the present‐day island of Jeh is the product of two or more smaller islands merging together between 1943 and 2006 which are continuing to expand despite local sea‐level rise (SLR). Remote sensing observations show modern island development involving a complex multistage merging of smaller islands on a linear atoll rim. Radiometric ages of sediments demonstrate that island development is occurring through the active generation and delivery of modern sediments. Results highlight that at sites where sediment production regimes are in a healthy state, island building under conditions of SLR is possible. The findings have implications for interpreting island evolution from morphostratigraphic studies and understanding future island behavior with further SLR.

Author Correction: Holocene El Niño–Southern Oscillation variability reflected in subtropical Australian precipitation

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 04-2021

DOI: 10.1038/S41598-021-86998-2

Abstract: An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Has Nitrogen Supply to Coral Reefs in the South Pacific Ocean Changed Over the Past 50 Thousand Years?

Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)

Date: 04-2019

DOI: 10.1029/2019PA003587

Old carbon reservoirs were not important in the deglacial methane budget

Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Date: 21-02-2020

DOI: 10.1126/SCIENCE.AAX0504

Abstract: Methane is a potent greenhouse gas with large natural sources, reservoirs, and sinks. Dyonisius et al. found that methane emissions from old, cold-region carbon reservoirs like permafrost and methane hydrates were minor during the last deglaciation (see the Perspective by Dean). They analyzed the carbon isotopic composition of atmospheric methane trapped in bubbles in Antarctic ice and found that methane emissions from those old carbon sources during the warming interval were small. They argue that this finding suggests that methane emissions in response to future warming likely will not be as large as some have suggested. Science , this issue p. 907 see also p. 846

Wala-gaay Guwingal: A twentieth century Aboriginal culturally modified tree with an embedded stone tool

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 02-01-2020

DOI: 10.1080/03122417.2020.1769912

PRELIMINARY RADIOCARBON RESULTS FOR LATE BRONZE AGE STRATA AT TEL AZEKAH AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS

Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)

Date: 14-09-2018

DOI: 10.1017/RDC.2017.85

Abstract: This article presents the first radiocarbon ( 14 C) results from the Late Bronze Age levels of Tel Azekah (Israel). The results testify to the long and prosperous occupation of the site during this period, commencing at least in LB IIA and ending with a severe destruction at the close of LB III. In the extra-mural quarter (Area S2), a pre-monumental building phase (S2-6) dates to the 14th or early 13th century BCE. Two sub-phases of a public building constructed above this yielded dates in the second half of the 13th century and first two-thirds of the 12th century BCE, suggesting that occupation persisted through the “Crisis Years” of the eastern Mediterranean region. On the top of the mound, in Area T2, the destruction of the final LB III level (T2-3) most likely occurred near the end of the 12th century BCE. The preliminary Azekah results are in good agreement with existing data from Lachish and Megiddo, but seem at odds with results from nearby Tel es-Safi/Gath.

Marine reservoir correction for the southern Marshall Islands for the past 2500 years

Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)

Date: 27-07-2018

DOI: 10.1017/RDC.2017.63

Abstract: A robust marine radiocarbon ( 14 C) reservoir correction (ΔR) is essential for calibrating 14 C dates of marine mollusks and fish bones routinely found in archaeological sites as discarded food remains and bones of terrestrial animals (including humans) with an appreciable marine diet. New ΔR values are reported for the atoll archipelago of the Marshall Islands, eastern Micronesia. Atolls consist of biogenetic material—mostly coral and foraminifera—that can be directly dated for establishing sequences of atoll emergence and islet development. After sectioning and examination using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to screen for s le diagenesis, 6 pristine branch coral s les were selected from the modern oceanside beach, 3 archaeological sites, and islet developmental facies from Ebon Atoll (4º34′N, 168º41′E). Each s le was analyzed by U-series and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14 C showing no substantial temporal ΔR variations and yielding a weighted mean ΔR of 41±42 yr 1 spanning ~500 yr before earliest human colonization (the period when islets first became habitable) through the entire 2000-yr occupation sequence. Reliable published ΔR values for Micronesia and Δ 14 C data for Palmyra Island, together with our results for Ebon Atoll, indicate that the Pacific North Equatorial Counter Current is almost stable for the past 2500 yr.

Attitudes of healthcare providers towards family involvement and presence in adult critical care units in Saudi Arabia: a quantitative study.

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 20-12-2014

DOI: 10.1111/JOCN.12520

Abstract: To describe healthcare providers' attitudes to family involvement during routine care and family presence during resuscitation or other invasive procedures in adult intensive care units in Saudi Arabia. Previous research has shown that healthcare professionals have revealed a ersity of opinions on family involvement during routine care and family presence during resuscitation or other invasive procedures. Attitude assessment can provide an indication of staff acceptance or rejection of the practice and also help identify key potential barriers that will need to be addressed. It has also been evident that participation in the care has potential benefits for patients and families as well as healthcare providers. A quantitative descriptive design. A questionnaire was used with a convenience s le of 468 healthcare providers who were recruited from eight intensive care units. The analysis found that healthcare providers had positive attitudes towards family involvement during routine care, but negative attitudes towards family presence during resuscitation or other invasive procedures. Physicians expressed more opposition to the practice than did nurses and respiratory therapists. Staff indicated a need to develop written guidelines and policies, as well as educational programmes, to address this sensitive issue in clinical practice. Family is an important resource in patient care in the context of the critical care environment. Clinical barriers including resources, hospital policies and guidelines, staff and public education should be taken into account to facilitate family integration to the care model. The findings can help to develop policies and guidelines for safe implementation of the practice. They can also encourage those who design nursing and other medical curricula to place more emphasis on the role of the family especially in critical care settings.

Variations in Mid‐ to Late Holocene Nitrogen Supply to Northern Great Barrier Reef Halimeda Macroalgal Bioherms

Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)

Date: 02-2021

DOI: 10.1029/2020PA003871

Abstract: The northern Great Barrier Reef (GBR) Halimeda bioherms have accumulated on the outer continental shelf from calcium carbonate algal sediments over the past ∼10,000 years and cover ,000 km 2 of shelf area. As such, Halimeda bioherms play a key role in the shallow marine carbon cycle over millennial timescales. The main source of nitrogen (N) to these bioherms is thought to be westward transport of upwelled NO 3 ‐ ‐rich water from the Coral Sea. However, the primary N source has not been traced geochemically, and we have no understanding of any temporal variation. Here, we reconstruct patterns of N supply to Halimeda bioherms in the GBR since the mid‐Holocene using the 15 N/ 14 N ratio of skeletal‐bound organic N (δ 15 N‐skeletal organic material [SOM]) in modern and fossil Halimeda sediment cores. Average Halimeda skeletal δ 15 N‐SOM was 6.28 ± 0.26‰, consistent with δ 15 N‐NO 3 ‐ from western tropical South Pacific (WTSP) thermocline waters. Thus, geochemically validating shelf‐break upwelling of an oceanic N source that regulates bioherm spatial distribution. Halimeda δ 15 N‐SOM decreased by 1‰–2‰ from 5,000 to 2,000 cal. yr BP, reaching a minima of 5.5‰ that persisted for almost 1,000 years. The Halimeda δ 15 N‐SOM variation reflects mid‐ to late Holocene changes in regional climate and intensified El Niño activity that likely facilitated elevated N 2 fixation in the WTSP, thereby lowering thermocline δ 15 N‐NO 3 ‐ . Thus, Halimeda skeletal material provides a valuable high‐resolution geochemical archive of past oceanographic and climatic processes over centennial to millennial timescales, complementing existing paleoclimate proxy records.

ATMOSPHERIC RADIOCARBON FOR THE PERIOD 1950–2019

Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)

Date: 23-11-2021

DOI: 10.1017/RDC.2021.95

Abstract: This paper presents a compilation of atmospheric radiocarbon for the period 1950–2019, derived from atmospheric CO 2 s ling and tree rings from clean-air sites. Following the approach taken by Hua et al. (2013), our revised and extended compilation consists of zonal, hemispheric and global radiocarbon ( 14 C) data sets, with monthly data sets for 5 zones (Northern Hemisphere zones 1, 2, and 3, and Southern Hemisphere zones 3 and 1–2). Our new compilation includes smooth curves for zonal data sets that are more suitable for dating applications than the previous approach based on simple averaging. Our new radiocarbon dataset is intended to help facilitate the use of atmospheric bomb 14 C in carbon cycle studies and to accommodate increasing demand for accurate dating of recent (post-1950) terrestrial s les.

COMBINING ORAL TRADITIONS AND BAYESIAN CHRONOLOGICAL MODELING TO UNDERSTAND VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT IN THE GULF OF PAPUA (PAPUA NEW GUINEA)

Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)

Date: 28-01-2021

DOI: 10.1017/RDC.2020.145

Abstract: When European colonists arrived in the late 19th century, large villages dotted the coastline of the Gulf of Papua (southern Papua New Guinea). These central places sustained long-distance exchange and decade-spanning ceremonial cycles. Besides ethnohistoric records, little is known of the villages’ antiquity, spatiality, or development. Here we combine oral traditional and 14 C chronological evidence to investigate the spatial history of two ancestral village sites in Orokolo Bay: Popo and Mirimua Mapoe. A Bayesian model composed of 35 14 C assays from seven excavations, alongside the oral traditional accounts, demonstrates that people lived at Popo from 765–575 cal BP until 220–40 cal BP, at which time they moved southwards to Mirimua Mapoe. The village of Popo spanned ca. 34 ha and was composed of various estates, each occupied by a different tribe. Through time, the inhabitants of Popo transformed (e.g., expanded, contracted, and shifted) the village to manage social and ceremonial priorities, long-distance exchange opportunities and changing marine environments. Ours is a crucial case study of how oral traditional ways of understanding the past interrelate with the information generated by Bayesian 14 C analyses. We conclude by reflecting on the limitations, strengths, and uncertainties inherent to these forms of chronological knowledge.

Holocene El Niño–Southern Oscillation variability reflected in subtropical Australian precipitation

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 07-02-2019

DOI: 10.1038/S41598-019-38626-3

Abstract: The La Niña and El Niño phases of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) have major impacts on regional rainfall patterns around the globe, with substantial environmental, societal and economic implications. Long-term perspectives on ENSO behaviour, under changing background conditions, are essential to anticipating how ENSO phases may respond under future climate scenarios. Here, we derive a 7700-year, quantitative precipitation record using carbon isotope ratios from a single species of leaf preserved in lake sediments from subtropical eastern Australia. We find a generally wet (more La Niña-like) mid-Holocene that shifted towards drier and more variable climates after 3200 cal. yr BP, primarily driven by increasing frequency and strength of the El Niño phase. Climate model simulations implicate a progressive orbitally-driven weakening of the Pacific Walker Circulation as contributing to this change. At centennial scales, high rainfall characterised the Little Ice Age (~1450–1850 CE) in subtropical eastern Australia, contrasting with oceanic proxies that suggest El Niño-like conditions prevail during this period. Our data provide a new western Pacific perspective on Holocene ENSO variability and highlight the need to address ENSO reconstruction with a geographically erse network of sites to characterise how both ENSO, and its impacts, vary in a changing climate.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE INTCAL DATABASE

Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)

Date: 28-07-2023

DOI: 10.1017/RDC.2023.53

Abstract: The IntCal family of radiocarbon ( 14 C) calibration curves is based on research spanning more than three decades. The IntCal group have collated the 14 C and calendar age data (mostly derived from primary publications with other types of data and meta-data) and, since 2010, made them available for other sorts of analysis through an open-access database. This has ensured transparency in terms of the data used in the construction of the ratified calibration curves. As the IntCal database expands, work is underway to facilitate best practice for new data submissions, make more of the associated metadata available in a structured form, and help those wishing to process the data with programming languages such as R, Python, and MATLAB. The data and metadata are complex because of the range of different types of archives. A restructured interface, based on the “IntChron” open-access data model, includes tools which allow the data to be plotted and compared without the need for export. The intention is to include complementary information which can be used alongside the main 14 C series to provide new insights into the global carbon cycle, as well as facilitating access to the data for other research applications. Overall, this work aims to streamline the generation of new calibration curves.

Pandanus nutshell generates a palaeoprecipitation record for human occupation at Madjedbebe, northern Australia

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 25-01-2021

DOI: 10.1038/S41559-020-01379-8

Abstract: Little is known about the Pleistocene climatic context of northern Australia at the time of early human settlement. Here we generate a palaeoprecipitation proxy using stable carbon isotope analysis of modern and archaeological pandanus nutshell from Madjedbebe, Australia’s oldest known archaeological site. We document fluctuations in precipitation over the last 65,000 years and identify periods of lower precipitation during the penultimate and last glacial stages, Marine Isotope Stages 4 and 2. However, the lowest effective annual precipitation is recorded at the present time. Periods of lower precipitation, including the earliest phase of occupation, correspond with peaks in exotic stone raw materials and artefact discard at the site. This pattern is interpreted as suggesting increased group mobility and intensified use of the region during drier periods.

AUSTRALIAN MARINE RADIOCARBON RESERVOIR EFFECTS: ΔR ATLAS AND ΔR CALCULATOR FOR AUSTRALIAN MAINLAND COASTS AND NEAR-SHORE ISLANDS

Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)

Date: 31-10-2023

DOI: 10.1017/RDC.2023.95

On the timing of megafaunal extinction and associated floristic consequences in Australia through the lens of functional palaeoecology

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 09-2023

DOI: 10.1016/J.QUASCIREV.2023.108263

Anomalous ring identification in two Australian subtropical Araucariaceae species permits annual ring dating and growth-climate relationship development

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 06-2018

DOI: 10.1016/J.DENDRO.2018.02.008

Ecological flexibility and adaptation to past climate change in the Middle Nile Valley: A multiproxy investigation of dietary shifts between the Neolithic and Kerma periods at Kadruka 1 and Kadruka 21

Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Date: 02-02-2023

DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0280347

Abstract: Human responses to climate change have long been at the heart of discussions of past economic, social, and political change in the Nile Valley of northeastern Africa. Following the arrival of Neolithic groups in the 6 th millennium BCE, the Northern Dongola Reach of Upper Nubia witnessed a cultural florescence manifested through elaborate funerary traditions. However, despite the wealth of archaeological data available from funerary contexts, including evidence for domesticated animals and plants as grave goods, the paucity of stratified habitation contexts hinders interpretation of local subsistence trajectories. While it is recognised archaeologically that, against the backdrop of increasing environmental deterioration, the importance of agriculture based on Southwest Asian winter cereals increased throughout the Kerma period (2500–1450 BCE), the contribution of domesticated cereals to earlier Neolithic herding economies remains unclear. This paper presents direct dietary data from a total of 55 Middle Neolithic and Kerma period in iduals from Kadruka 21 and Kadruka 1. Microbotanical data obtained from human dental calculus and grave sediments are integrated with human and faunal stable isotopes to explore changes in dietary breadth over time. The combined results demonstrate the consumption of wild plant species, including C 4 wetland adapted grasses, by Middle Neolithic in iduals at Kadruka 1. Despite existing evidence for domesticated barley in associated graves, the results obtained in this study provide no clear evidence for the routine consumption of domesticated cereals by Middle Neolithic in iduals. Rather, direct microparticle evidence for the consumption of Triticeae cereals is only associated with a single Kerma period in idual and corresponds with an isotopic shift indicating a greater contribution of C 3 -derived resources to diet. These results provide evidence for Neolithic dietary flexibility in Upper Nubia through the persistence of foraging activities and support existing evidence linking increased agricultural reliance to the development of the Kerma culture.

Rapid change in East Antarctic terrestrial vegetation in response to regional drying

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 24-09-2018

DOI: 10.1038/S41558-018-0280-0

The pollen record from marine core MD03-2607 from offshore Kangaroo Island spanning the last 125 ka; implications for vegetation changes across the Murray-Darling Basin

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 28-03-2021

DOI: 10.1080/08120099.2021.1896578

Global Peak in Atmospheric Radiocarbon Provides a Potential Definition for the Onset of the Anthropocene Epoch in 1965

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 19-02-2018

DOI: 10.1038/S41598-018-20970-5

Abstract: Anthropogenic activity is now recognised as having profoundly and permanently altered the Earth system, suggesting we have entered a human-dominated geological epoch, the ‘Anthropocene’. To formally define the onset of the Anthropocene, a synchronous global signature within geological-forming materials is required. Here we report a series of precisely-dated tree-ring records from C bell Island (Southern Ocean) that capture peak atmospheric radiocarbon ( 14 C) resulting from Northern Hemisphere-dominated thermonuclear bomb tests during the 1950s and 1960s. The only alien tree on the island, a Sitka spruce ( Picea sitchensis ), allows us to seasonally-resolve Southern Hemisphere atmospheric 14 C, demonstrating the ‘bomb peak’ in this remote and pristine location occurred in the last-quarter of 1965 (October-December), coincident with the broader changes associated with the post-World War II ‘Great Acceleration’ in industrial capacity and consumption. Our findings provide a precisely-resolved potential Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) or ‘golden spike’, marking the onset of the Anthropocene Epoch.

Radiocarbon Dating of a Speleothem Record of Paleoclimate for Angkor, Cambodia

Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)

Date: 12-2017

DOI: 10.1017/RDC.2017.115

Abstract: We report the chronological construction for the top portion of a speleothem, PC1, from southern Cambodia with the aim of reconstructing a continuous high-resolution climate record covering the fluorescence and decline of the medieval Khmer kingdom and its capital at Angkor (~9th–15th centuries AD). Earlier attempts to date PC1 by the standard U-Th method proved unsuccessful. We have therefore dated this speleothem using radiocarbon. Fifty carbonate s les along the growth axis of PC1 were collected for accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) analysis. Chronological reconstruction for PC1 was achieved using two different approaches described by Hua et al. (2012a) and Lechleitner et al. (2016a). Excellent concordance between the two age-depth models indicates that the top ~47 mm of PC1 grew during the last millennium with a growth hiatus during ~1250–1650 AD, resulting from a large change in measured 14 C values at 34.4–35.2 mm depth. The timing of the growth hiatus covers the period of decades-long droughts during the 14th–16th centuries AD indicated in regional climate records.

Radiocarbon-calibrated amino acid racemization ages from Holocene sand dollars (Peronella peronii)

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 04-2017

DOI: 10.1016/J.QUAGEO.2016.12.001

Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP0773081

Start Date: 2007

End Date: 06-2013

Amount: $681,070.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP230101868

Start Date: 2023

End Date: 12-2025

Amount: $438,904.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP1094367

Start Date: 02-2010

End Date: 2015

Amount: $285,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP200100223

Start Date: 06-2020

End Date: 06-2023

Amount: $505,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP0987878

Start Date: 02-2009

End Date: 02-2012

Amount: $329,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP180101986

Start Date: 2018

End Date: 12-2023

Amount: $208,846.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE110100045

Start Date: 2011

End Date: 01-2012

Amount: $370,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP110101714

Start Date: 2011

End Date: 12-2014

Amount: $690,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE0989067

Start Date: 2009

End Date: 06-2010

Amount: $950,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE0989624

Start Date: 2009

End Date: 12-2009

Amount: $200,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE0883113

Start Date: 2008

End Date: 12-2008

Amount: $250,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Special Research Initiatives - Grant ID: SR200100005

Start Date: 06-2021

End Date: 06-2030

Amount: $36,000,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council