ORCID Profile
0000-0001-9803-4169
Current Organisations
Rinri Therapeutics
,
Intercollegiate Specialty Board
,
University of Nottingham
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Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-09-2021
DOI: 10.1007/S10162-021-00817-Z
Abstract: Whilst functional neuroimaging has been used to investigate cortical processing of degraded speech in adults, much less is known about how these signals are processed in children. An enhanced understanding of cortical correlates of poor speech perception in children would be highly valuable to oral communication applications, including hearing devices. We utilised vocoded speech stimuli to investigate brain responses to degraded speech in 29 normally hearing children aged 6–12 years. Intelligibility of the speech stimuli was altered in two ways by (i) reducing the number of spectral channels and (ii) reducing the litude modulation depth of the signal. A total of five different noise-vocoded conditions (with zero, partial or high intelligibility) were presented in an event-related format whilst participants underwent functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) neuroimaging. Participants completed a word recognition task during imaging, as well as a separate behavioural speech perception assessment. fNIRS recordings revealed statistically significant sensitivity to stimulus intelligibility across several brain regions. More intelligible stimuli elicited stronger responses in temporal regions, predominantly within the left hemisphere, while right inferior parietal regions showed an opposite, negative relationship. Although there was some evidence that partially intelligible stimuli elicited the strongest responses in the left inferior frontal cortex, a region previous studies have suggested is associated with effortful listening in adults, this effect did not reach statistical significance. These results further our understanding of cortical mechanisms underlying successful speech perception in children. Furthermore, fNIRS holds promise as a clinical technique to help assess speech intelligibility in paediatric populations.
Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Date: 14-08-2017
Abstract: Following sensory deprivation, the sensory brain regions can become colonized by the other intact sensory modalities. In deaf in iduals, evidence suggests that visual language recruits auditory brain regions and may limit hearing restoration with a cochlear implant. This suggestion underpins current rehabilitative recommendations that deaf in iduals undergoing cochlear implantation should avoid using visual language. However, here we show the opposite: Recruitment of auditory brain regions by visual speech after implantation is associated with better speech understanding with a cochlear implant. This suggests adaptive benefits of visual communication because visual speech may serve to optimize, rather than hinder, restoration of hearing following implantation. These findings have implications for both neuroscientific theory and the clinical rehabilitation of cochlear implant patients worldwide.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2010
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 14-08-2020
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 17-07-2019
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 03-08-2021
DOI: 10.1097/AUD.0000000000001104
Abstract: Clinical practice regarding children’s candidature for cochlear implantation varies internationally, albeit with a recent global trend toward implanting children with more residual hearing than in the past. The provision of either hearing aids or cochlear implants can influence a wide range of children’s outcomes. However, guidance on eligibility and suitability for implantation is often based on a small number of studies and a limited range of speech perception measures. No recent reviews have catalogued what is known about comparative outcomes for children with severe hearing-loss using hearing aids to children using cochlear implants. This article describes the findings of a scoping review that addressed the question “What research has been conducted comparing cochlear implant outcomes to outcomes in children using hearing aids with severe hearing-loss in the better-hearing ear?” The first objective was to catalogue the characteristics of studies pertinent to these children’s candidature for cochlear implantation, to inform families, clinicians, researchers, and policy-makers. The second objective was to identify gaps in the evidence base, to inform future research projects and identify opportunities for evidence synthesis. We included studies comparing separate groups of children using hearing aids to those using cochlear implants and also repeated measures studies comparing outcomes of children with severe hearing loss before and after cochlear implantation. We included any outcomes that might feasibly be influenced by the provision of hearing aids or cochlear implants. We searched the electronic databases Medline, PubMed, and CINAHL, for peer-reviewed journal articles with full-texts written in English, published from July 2007 to October 2019. The scoping methodology followed the approach recommended by the Joanna Briggs Institute regarding study selection, data extraction, and data presentation. Twenty-one eligible studies were identified, conducted across 11 countries. The majority of children studied had either congenital or prelingual hearing loss, with typical cognitive function, experience of spoken language, and most implanted children used one implant. Speech and language development and speech perception were the most frequently assessed outcomes. However, some aspects of these outcomes were sparsely represented including voice, communication and pragmatic skills, and speech perception in complex background noise. Two studies compared literacy, two sound localization, one quality of life, and one psychosocial outcomes. None compared educational attainment, listening fatigue, balance, tinnitus, or music perception. This scoping review provides a summary of the literature regarding comparative outcomes of children with severe hearing-loss using acoustic hearing aids and children using cochlear implants. Notable gaps in knowledge that could be addressed in future research includes children’s quality of life, educational attainment, and complex listening and language outcomes, such as word and sentence understanding in background noise, spatial listening, communication and pragmatic skills. Clinician awareness of this sparse evidence base is important when making management decisions for children with more residual hearing than traditional implant candidates. This review also provides direction for researchers wishing to strengthen the evidence base upon which clinical decisions can be made.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 12-2020
DOI: 10.1017/S0022215120002637
Abstract: Mastoid surgery is an aerosol-generating procedure that involves the use of a high-speed drill, which produces a mixture of water, bone, blood and tissue that may contain the viable coronavirus disease 2019 pathogen. This potentially puts the surgeon and other operating theatre personnel at risk of acquiring the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 from contact with droplets or aerosols. The use of an additional drape designed to limit the spread of droplets and aerosols has been described such drapes include the ‘South ton Tent’ and ‘OtoTent’. To evaluate the use of a novel drape ‘tent’ that has advantages over established ‘tent’ designs in terms of having: (1) a CE marking (2) no requirement for modification during assembly and (3) no obstruction to the surgical visual field. During mastoid surgery, the dispersion of macroscopic droplets and other particulate matter was confined within the novel drape ‘tent’. Use of this drape ‘tent’ had no adverse effects upon the surgeon's manual dexterity or efficiency, the view of the surgical field, or the sterility. Hence, our findings support its use during mastoid surgery in the coronavirus disease 2019 era.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1177/23312165221087011
Abstract: Following the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, public-health measures introduced to stem the spread of the disease caused profound changes to patterns of daily-life communication. This paper presents the results of an online survey conducted to document adult cochlear-implant (CI) users’ perceived listening difficulties under four communication scenarios commonly experienced during the pandemic, specifically when talking: with someone wearing a facemask, under social hysical distancing guidelines, via telephone, and via video call. Results from ninety-four respondents indicated that people considered their in-person listening experiences in some common everyday scenarios to have been significantly worsened by the introduction of mask-wearing and physical distancing. Participants reported experiencing an array of listening difficulties, including reduced speech intelligibility and increased listening effort, which resulted in many people actively avoiding certain communication scenarios at least some of the time. Participants also found listening effortful during remote communication, which became rapidly more prevalent following the outbreak of the pandemic. Potential solutions identified by participants to ease the burden of everyday listening with a CI may have applicability beyond the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, the results emphasized the importance of visual cues, including lipreading and live speech-to-text transcriptions, to improve in-person and remote communication for people with a CI.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-07-2019
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-08-2020
DOI: 10.1002/LARY.29014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2016
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Douglas Hartley.