ORCID Profile
0000-0002-1580-033X
Current Organisations
Institut Teknologi Brunei
,
University of Houston
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Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 03-08-2020
DOI: 10.1155/2020/4785970
Abstract: The moisture absorption behavior of flax fiber-reinforced epoxy composites is deliberated to be a serious issue. This property restricts their usage as outdoor engineering structures. Therefore, this study provides an investigation of moisture in flax fibers on the performance of the flax/epoxy composite materials based on their shear responses. The ±45° aligned flax fibers exposed to different relative humidities (RH) and the vacuum infusion process was used to manufacture the composite specimens. The optimum shear strength (40.25 ± 0.75 MPa) was found for the composites manufactured with 35% RH-conditioned flax fibers, but the shear modulus was reduced consistently with increasing RH values. Although shear strength was increased because of fiber swelling with increased moisture absorption rate until 35% RH environments with good microstructures, nonetheless, strength and modulus both started to decrease after this range. A very poor microstructure has been affirmed by the SEM images of the composite s les conditioned at 90% RH environments.
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 19-11-2021
DOI: 10.5194/ACP-21-16843-2021
Abstract: Abstract. Midlatitude mixed-phase stratocumulus clouds and their interactions with aerosols remain poorly understood. This study examines the roles of ice processes in those clouds and their interactions with aerosols using a large-eddy simulation (LES) framework. Cloud mass becomes much lower in the presence of ice processes and the Wegener–Bergeron–Findeisen (WBF) mechanism in the mixed-phase clouds compared to that in warm clouds. This is because while the WBF mechanism enhances the evaporation of droplets, the low concentration of aerosols acting as ice-nucleating particles (INPs) and cloud ice number concentration (CINC) prevent the efficient deposition of water vapor. Note that the INP concentration in this study is based on the observed spatiotemporal variability of aerosols. This results in the lower CINC compared to that with empirical dependence of the INP concentrations on temperature in a previous study. In the mixed-phase clouds, the increasing concentration of aerosols that act as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) decreases cloud mass by increasing the evaporation of droplets through the WBF mechanism and decreasing the intensity of updrafts. In contrast to this, in the warm clouds, the absence of the WBF mechanism makes the increase in the evaporation of droplets inefficient, eventually enabling cloud mass to increase with the increasing concentration of aerosols acting as CCN. Here, the results show that when there is an increasing concentration of aerosols that act as INPs, the deposition of water vapor is more efficient than when there is the increasing concentration of aerosols acting as CCN, which in turn enables cloud mass to increase in the mixed-phase clouds.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2017
Location: Bangladesh
Location: Singapore
Location: United States of America
Location: China
Location: United States of America
No related grants have been discovered for Mohammad Ali.