ORCID Profile
0000-0002-4686-8601
Current Organisation
Monash University
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Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 04-08-2022
DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0271959
Abstract: Cultural adaptation of a school-based mental health intervention developed in a high-income country is a cost-effective method to address the mental health needs of adolescents in resource-constrained settings. The aim of this study was to translate and culturally adapt the Resourceful Adolescent Program for Adolescents (RAP-A) for adolescents attending high school in Vietnam. The translation and adaptation were conducted using a five-step process including (1) initial stakeholder consultation, (2) forward translation, (3) backward translation, (4) adaptation, and (5) finalising the adapted version. An adaptation panel was established, including the RAP-A authors and mental health and public health experts from Australia, and psychology and public health experts from Vietnam. The panel collaborated closely with a group of stakeholders, including bilingual psychologists and psychiatrists, high school (grades 10–12) students and teachers throughout the adaptation process. The adapted version of RAP-A was named ‘Happy House’. Happy House was adapted to be delivered in larger groups and in longer sessions than the RAP-A. The 11 sessions in RAP-A were restructured to 6 sessions in Happy House. Major changes were not required for any of the materials. However, some content, illustrations and videos were adapted to be more feasible for the school context and to enhance the comprehensibility, acceptability and appropriateness. Happy House has great potential to be relevant, comprehensible and acceptable for Vietnamese adolescents. Further research is warranted to examine the relevance, comprehensibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of this program on adolescents’ mental health before advocating for scaling up program delivery in high schools throughout Vietnam.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-06-2020
DOI: 10.1111/AJAG.12803
Abstract: People living in residential aged care (RAC) frequently experience ambulance call‐out. These episodes may have unintended consequences, yet remain under‐investigated. Our aim was to examine clinical and sociodemographic features associated with transfer to hospital for this population. Retrospective cohort study using 6 years of clinical data from Ambulance Victoria (AV). Data analysis included multilevel multivariable logistic regression analysis of factors associated with transport to hospital. Odds of transfer were greater for people in rural areas, those with a history of depression, cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis, and residents prescribed antipsychotic and antidepressant medication. Ambulance call‐out for trauma (commonly low‐level fall) was less frequently transferred to hospital than that for a medical complaint. These results will improve prediction of call‐outs likely to require transfer. Findings include identification of clinical features to be targeted by community and preventative health programs to reduce risk of acute health deterioration and requirement for emergency hospital transfer.
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 14-03-2013
DOI: 10.1002/DA.22096
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-01-2019
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1037/A0035871
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-09-2019
DOI: 10.1002/MPR.1803
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-04-2016
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 23-10-2023
DOI: 10.1017/GMH.2023.66
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-08-2016
DOI: 10.1111/CCH.12395
Abstract: This study was to describe and quantify the relationships among family poverty, parents' caregiving practices, access to education and the development of children living in low- and middle-income countries (LAMIC). We conducted a secondary analysis of data collected in UNICEF's Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS). Early childhood development was assessed in four domains: language-cognitive, physical, socio-emotional and approaches to learning. Countries were classified into three groups on the basis of the Human Development Index (HDI). Overall, data from 97 731 children aged 36 to 59 months from 35 LAMIC were included in the after analyses. The mean child development scale score was 4.93 out of a maximum score of 10 (95%CI 4.90 to 4.97) in low-HDI countries and 7.08 (95%CI 7.05 to 7.12) in high-HDI countries. Family poverty was associated with lower child development scores in all countries. The total indirect effect of family poverty on child development score via attending early childhood education, care for the child at home and use of harsh punishments at home was -0.13 SD (77.8% of the total effect) in low-HDI countries, -0.09 SD (23.8% of the total effect) in medium-HDI countries and -0.02 SD (6.9% of the total effect) in high-HDI countries. Children in the most disadvantaged position in their societies and children living in low-HDI countries are at the greatest risk of failing to reach their developmental potential. Optimizing care for child development at home is essential to reduce the adverse effects of poverty on children's early development and subsequent life.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 10-2016
Abstract: The aim of this study was to develop a screening tool to screen children for development problems in a low-income setting. Childhood development problems are a major health issue faced by low-income countries. A validated screening tool is needed for early identification of developmental delays. This article contains the first phase of a study that established a relatively simple tool to screen children for developmental problems. The aim of the first phase was to define a set of development indicators for the period of 2 to 12 months of life. The study methodology consisted of an extensive literature review, to develop a set of indicators to measure child development in infancy. The indicators were placed within a framework developed and used by experts in other countries. It consists of major domains, subdomains, specific aspects, and standards of development. This was followed by content validation of the indicators. Following review of literature, 171 indicators were compiled under the framework. At the end of content validation, 125 indicators were retained in the framework. These were pretested, and another 26 were removed following pretesting. The study developed a framework of indicators that could be used as a development tool following a reference-based validation. The second phase of the study that included the assessment of psychometric characteristics and reference-based validation would be published in a separate article.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.WOMBI.2019.01.007
Abstract: While the physical health risks of obesity during pregnancy for women are well understood, little is known about the mental health implications. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and symptoms of antenatal depression and anxiety. Secondary analysis of cross-sectional data contributed by the younger cohort (born 1973-78) of the Australian Longitudinal Study of Women's Health who were pregnant at the time of the survey (Waves 4-6: aged 28-39years). Primary outcomes were symptoms of depression (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale 10 score≥10) and anxiety (Goldberg Anxiety Scale score≥6). BMI was assessed using self-reported pre-pregnancy weight and height. Demographic characteristics, psychosocial factors, health behaviors and reproductive history were assessed using study-specific and standardized measures. Multivariable regression models were used to examine the associations between predictors and outcome scores. The mean pre-pregnancy BMI of the 1621 women included in the analysis was 24.9kg/m High pre-pregnancy BMI is significantly associated with an increased risk of antenatal depression and anxiety. Consistent with clinical practice guidelines, women with high pre-pregnancy BMI should be screened and assessed for depression and anxiety, and where appropriate provided with clinical referral pathways and support.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 22-01-2020
Abstract: Emotional intelligence (EI) has a significant role in psychological well-being and is affected by parenting styles. There is no evidence about this relationship in countries with the impact of Confucianism and feudalism, in which parents use authoritarian caregiving to foster their children. The aim of the current study was to examine the association between parenting styles and EI among Vietnamese adolescents. This is a cross-sectional school survey using multilevel regression analyses controlling for potential confounders and school cluster effects. The principal data sources were the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire—Adolescent Short Form, which has been translated into Vietnamese, and the locally validated Parental Bonding Instrument, which assesses three main parenting styles: warmth, overprotectiveness, and authoritarianism. Results from 1,593 students revealed that boys had significantly higher overall EI, Well-Being, and Self-Control subscale scores than girls. The warmth of parents during childhood was associated with higher EI, while overprotectiveness and authoritarianism from mothers were associated with lower EI among adolescents. This study supports the impact of parenting styles on EI. The warmth and care from both mother and father will benefit the emotional development of their children in Vietnam.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-09-2014
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 24-04-2018
Abstract: to examine demand for emergency ambulances by older people. retrospective cohort study using secondary analysis of routinely collected clinical and administrative data from Ambulance Victoria, and population data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics and the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Victoria, Australia. people aged 65 years and over, living in Residential Aged Care Facilities (RACF) and the community, attended by emergency ambulance paramedics, 2009-13. rates of emergency ambulance attendance. older people living in RACF experienced high rates of emergency ambulance attendance, up to four times those for age- and sex-matched people living in the community. Rates remained constant during the study period equating to a consistent, 1.45% average annual increase in absolute demand. Rates peak among the 80-84-year group where the number of attendances equates to greater than one for every RACF-dwelling person each year. Increased demand was associated with winter months, increasing age and being male. these data provide strong evidence of high rates of emergency ambulance use by people aged 65 years and over living in RACF. These results demonstrate a clear relationship between increased rate of ambulance use among this vulnerable group of older Australians and residence, sex, age and season. Overall, absolute demand continues to increase each year adding to strain on health resources. Additional research is needed to elucidate in idual characteristics, illness and health system contributors to ambulance use to inform strategies to appropriately reduce demand.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1017/GMH.2018.20
Abstract: What Were We Thinking (WWWT) is a gender-informed, psychoeducational programme to promote respectful relationships and skilled management of unsettled infant behaviours and thereby reduce postpartum common mental disorders. It comprises a highly structured seminar for couples and babies, usual primary care from a WWWT-trained nurse and take-home print materials. The aim was to assess long-term outcomes after a cluster randomised controlled trial of WWWT. Trial participants who consented completed a computer-assisted telephone interview 18 months postpartum. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and anxiety symptoms with the Generalised Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7). Impacts of baseline characteristics and trial arm on changes in scores from baseline to follow-up were calculated using Conditional Latent Growth Curve Models adjusting for prognostic indicators and controlling for clustering effects. Overall, 314/400 (78.5%) women contributed data at baseline (6 weeks postpartum), trial endline (26 weeks postpartum) and follow-up (12 months after trial endline). In intention-to-treat analyses, there was a significantly greater improvement in adjusted GAD-7 scores [regression coefficient (RC) −0.55 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.94 to −0.17] and non-significant improvement (RC −0.27 95% CI −0.63 to 0.08) in PHQ-9 scores from baseline to follow-up in the intervention than the control arm. In a per-protocol analysis, the proportion with GAD-7 scores ⩽4 (asymptomatic) improved 24.1% (55.7% baseline to 79.8% follow-up, p = 0.043) among women who received the full WWWT programme, which included the seminar, compared with 2.4% (77.1–79.5%, p = 0.706) among those who received the partial intervention (usual care from WWWT-trained nurse and print materials). The WWWT programme has a significant sustained beneficial impact on postnatal generalised anxiety among primiparous women compared with usual care. The in-person seminar is the most influential component of the intervention. Psycho-educational programmes integrated into primary care appear promising as a strategy to reduce postpartum common mental disorders.
Publisher: S. Karger AG
Date: 02-09-2031
DOI: 10.1159/000509283
Abstract: b i Introduction: /i /b Three previous in idual participant data meta-analyses (IPDMAs) reported that, compared to the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM (SCID), alternative reference standards, primarily the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), tended to misclassify major depression status, when controlling for depression symptom severity. However, there was an important lack of precision in the results. b i Objective: /i /b To compare the odds of the major depression classification based on the SCID, CIDI, and MINI. b i Methods: /i /b We included and standardized data from 3 IPDMA databases. For each IPDMA, separately, we fitted binomial generalized linear mixed models to compare the adjusted odds ratios (aORs) of major depression classification, controlling for symptom severity and characteristics of participants, and the interaction between interview and symptom severity. Next, we synthesized results using a DerSimonian-Laird random-effects meta-analysis. b i Results: /i /b In total, 69,405 participants (7,574 [11%] with major depression) from 212 studies were included. Controlling for symptom severity and participant characteristics, the MINI (74 studies 25,749 participants) classified major depression more often than the SCID (108 studies 21,953 participants aOR 1.46 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11–1.92]). Classification odds for the CIDI (30 studies 21,703 participants) and the SCID did not differ overall (aOR 1.19 95% CI 0.79–1.75) however, as screening scores increased, the aOR increased less for the CIDI than the SCID (interaction aOR 0.64 95% CI 0.52–0.80). b i Conclusions: /i /b Compared to the SCID, the MINI classified major depression more often. The odds of the depression classification with the CIDI increased less as symptom levels increased. Interpretation of research that uses diagnostic interviews to classify depression should consider the interview characteristics.
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 06-2010
DOI: 10.1037/A0017943
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 26-10-2020
Abstract: The Maternal Mental Health in Canada, 2018/2019, survey reported that 18% of 7,085 mothers who recently gave birth reported “feelings consistent with postpartum depression” based on scores ≥7 on a 5-item version of the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS-5). The EPDS-5 was designed as a screening questionnaire, not to classify disorders or estimate prevalence the extent to which EPDS-5 results reflect depression prevalence is unknown. We investigated EPDS-5 ≥7 performance relative to major depression prevalence based on a validated diagnostic interview, the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM (SCID). We searched Medline, Medline In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, PsycINFO, and the Web of Science Core Collection through June 2016 for studies with data sets with item response data to calculate EPDS-5 scores and that used the SCID to ascertain depression status. We conducted an in idual participant data meta-analysis to estimate pooled percentage of EPDS-5 ≥7, pooled SCID major depression prevalence, and the pooled difference in prevalence. A total of 3,958 participants from 19 primary studies were included. Pooled prevalence of SCID major depression was 9.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.0% to 13.7%), pooled percentage of participants with EPDS-5 ≥7 was 16.2% (95% CI 10.7% to 23.8%), and pooled difference was 8.0% (95% CI 2.9% to 13.2%). In the 19 included studies, mean and median ratios of EPDS-5 to SCID prevalence were 2.1 and 1.4 times. Prevalence estimated based on EPDS-5 ≥7 appears to be substantially higher than the prevalence of major depression. Validated diagnostic interviews should be used to establish prevalence.
Publisher: WHO Press
Date: 18-04-2013
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 11-2020
DOI: 10.1136/BMJOPEN-2020-042696
Abstract: To identify sex and age differences in clinically significant symptoms of depression and anxiety and the factors associated with these differences among adults in Australia during COVID-19-related restrictions. Anonymous online survey. Australia. Adults aged over 18 years living in Australia were eligible and 13 829 contributed complete data. Of these, 13 762 identified as female (10 434) or male (3328) and were included in analyses. None. Clinically significant symptoms of depression (≥10 on Patient Health Questionnaire 9) or anxiety (≥10 on Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale 7 (GAD-7)), and experiences of irritability (GAD-7 item 6). Women were more likely than men to have clinically significant symptoms of depression (26.3% (95% CI 25.4 to 27.1) vs 20.1% (95% CI 18.7 to 21.5), p .001) and anxiety (21.8% (95% CI 21.0 to 22.6) vs 14.2% (95% CI 13.0 to 15.4), p .001) and to have experienced irritability in the previous fortnight (63.1% (95% CI 62.1 to 64.0) vs 51.4% (95% CI 49.7 to 53.2), p .001). They were also more likely than men to be doing unpaid work caring for children (22.8% (95% CI 22.0 to 23.6) vs 8.6% (95% CI 7.7 to 9.6), p .001) and dependent relatives (9.8% (95% CI 9.2 to 10.3) vs 5.7% (95% CI 4.9 to 6.5), p .001) which made significant contributions to the mental health outcomes of interest. Loss of employment, fear of contracting COVID-19 and feeling a severe impact of the restrictions were associated with poorer mental health in women and men of all ages. Rates of clinically significant symptoms of depression and anxiety were higher among women than men. Rather than being intrinsically more vulnerable to mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic, the higher risk of symptoms of anxiety and depression among women may in part be explained by their disproportionate burden of unpaid caregiving.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 22-10-2013
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 07-2018
DOI: 10.1136/BMJOPEN-2018-023539
Abstract: Optimal early childhood development is an international priority. Risks during pregnancy and early childhood have lasting effects because growth is rapid. We will test whether a complex intervention addressing multiple modifiable risks: maternal nutrition, mental health, parenting capabilities, infant health and development and gender-based violence, is effective in reducing deficient cognitive development among children aged two in rural Vietnam. The Learning Clubs intervention is a structured programme combining perinatal stage-specific information, learning activities and social support. It comprises 20 modules, in 19 accessible, facilitated groups for women at a community centre and one home visit. Evidence-informed content is from interventions to address each risk tested in randomised controlled trials in other resource-constrained settings. Content has been translated and culturally adapted for Vietnam and acceptability and feasibility established in pilot testing. We will conduct a two-arm parallel-group cluster-randomised controlled trial, with the commune as clustering unit. An independent statistician will select 84/112 communes in Ha Nam Province and randomly assign 42 to the control arm providing usual care and 42 to the intervention arm. In total, 1008 pregnant women (12 per commune) from 84 clusters are needed to detect a difference in the primary outcome (Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development Cognitive Score SD below standardised norm for 2 years of age) of 15% in the control and 8% in the intervention arms, with 80% power, significance 0.05 and intracluster correlation coefficient 0.03. Monash University Human Research Ethics Committee (Certificate Number 20160683), Melbourne, Victoria, Australia and the Institutional Review Board of the Hanoi School of Public Health (Certificate Number 017-377IDD- YTCC), Hanoi, Vietnam have approved the trial. Results will be disseminated through a comprehensive multistranded dissemination strategy including peer-reviewed publications, national and international conference presentations, seminars and technical and lay language reports. ACTRN12617000442303 Pre-results.
Publisher: Mary Ann Liebert Inc
Date: 05-2018
Abstract: The aim of this study was to examine the impact of sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) on mental health among Japanese women and to explore to what extent sexual IPV is an important contributor to the severity of mental health problems in comparison with physical and psychological IPV. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted of the medical records of participants during psychiatric consultation at the Institute of Women's Health, Tokyo Women's Medical University, including 62 women who experienced IPV without sexual violence and 83 women who experienced IPV with sexual violence. Mental health problems were compared, including anxiety, depression, suicidality, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and dissociative experiences. The results demonstrated a higher incidence and severity of somatic symptoms, insomnia, social dysfunction, severe depression and suicidality, PTSD, and dissociative experiences among women in the sexual IPV group than in the women who experienced IPV without sexual violence. In analyzing the relative contribution of sexual, physical, and psychological violence to the severity of mental health problems of the survivors, results indicated that sexual violence was an independent predictor of both PTSD and dissociative experiences. The present research showed that significant adverse effects on mental health were observed among women who experienced IPV with sexual violence compared with the ones without. These findings provide important implications for considering the specific approaches to meet the needs of those women experiencing sexual IPV and the need for timely and effective interventions, including healthcare, social services, and primary prevention.
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 11-2019
DOI: 10.1136/BMJGH-2019-001801
Abstract: Globally, an estimated 151 million children under 5 years of age still suffer from the adverse effects of stunting. We sought to develop and externally validate an early life predictive model that could be applied in infancy to accurately predict risk of stunting in preschool children. We conducted two separate prospective cohort studies in Vietnam that intensively monitored children from early pregnancy until 3 years of age. They included 1168 and 475 live-born infants for model development and validation, respectively. Logistic regression on child stunting at 3 years of age was performed for model development, and the predicted probabilities for stunting were used to evaluate the performance of this model in the validation data set. Stunting prevalence was 16.9% (172 of 1015) in the development data set and 16.4% (70 of 426) in the validation data set. Key predictors included in the final model were paternal and maternal height, maternal weekly weight gain during pregnancy, infant sex, gestational age at birth, and infant weight and length at 6 months of age. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve in the validation data set was 0.85 (95% Confidence Interval, 0.80–0.90). This tool applied to infants at 6 months of age provided valid prediction of risk of stunting at 3 years of age using a readily available set of parental and infant measures. Further research is required to examine the impact of preventive measures introduced at 6 months of age on those identified as being at risk of growth faltering at 3 years of age.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 07-2020
Abstract: The burden of depression is high globally. Maternal depression affects the mother, the child, and other family members. We aimed to measure the prevalence of maternal postpartum depressive (PPD) symptoms having a child aged 6–16 months, health-seeking behavior for general illness of all family members, out of pocket (OOP) payments for health care and cost coping mechanisms. We conducted a cross sectional study with 591 poor families in rural Bangladesh. The survey was conducted between August and October, 2017. Information was collected on maternal depressive symptoms using the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), health-seeking behavior, and related costs using a structured, pretested questionnaire. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 51.7%. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that PPD symptoms were independently associated with maternal age (p = 0.044), family food insecurity (p 0.001) and violence against women (p 0.001). Most (60%) ill persons sought health care from informal health providers. Out of pocket (OOP) expenditure was significantly higher (p = 0.03) in the families of depressed mothers, who had to take loan or sell their valuables to cope with expenditures (p 0.001). Our results suggest that postpartum depressive symptoms are prevalent in the poor rural mothers. Community-based interventions including prevention of violence and income generation activities for these economically disadvantaged mothers should be designed to address risk factors. Health financing options should also be explored for the mothers with depressive symptoms
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 23-09-2013
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 06-01-2020
Abstract: There is a lack of an intervention model that empowers people with severe mental illness (SMI) and their families and addresses the mental health gap in low- and middle-income countries. There is a significant gap in care for people with SMI in rural Vietnam due to the low quality of care in the formal mental health system and the lack of access to an evidence-informed informal approach to care. To assess acceptability, feasibility, preliminary evidence of impact and potential cost savings of a mental health support group intervention for people with SMI in the community. The proof of concept used a pre–post design with qualitative assessment, impact evaluation and cost analysis. A mental health support group intervention facilitated by Women’s Union staff using a positive deviance approach was conducted among 68 people with SMI. Qualitative evaluation showed that the approach was highly acceptable and feasible. There was a significant improvement in personal functioning and a reduction in stigma and discrimination experienced by intervention participants. The intervention was found to reduce significantly the financial burden on the families having members with SMI. The proof of concept of the mental health support group intervention delivered by informal community care providers for people with SMI provides promising evidence to address the mental health gap with high acceptability, feasibility and low-cost for low- and middle-income countries.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2013
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-07-2009
Abstract: Iron deficiency, anemia and hookworm disease are important public health problems for women of reproductive age living in developing countries and affect the health of newborns and infants. Iron supplementation and deworming treatment are effective in addressing these problems in both pregnant and non-pregnant women. Daily iron supplementation and deworming after the first trimester is recommended for pregnant women although these programs usually do not operate efficiently or effectively. Weekly iron-folic acid supplementation and regular deworming for non-pregnant women may be a viable approach for improving iron status and preventing anemia during the reproductive years. Addressing these diseases at a population level before women become pregnant could significantly improve women's health before and during pregnancy, as well as their infants' growth and development. This paper describes the major processes undertaken in a demonstration intervention of preventive weekly iron-folic acid supplementation with regular deworming for all 52,000 women aged 15–45 years in two districts of Yen Bai province, in northern Viet Nam. The intervention strategy included extensive consultation with community leaders and village, commune, district and provincial health staff, and training for village health workers. Distribution of the drugs was integrated with the existing health service infrastructure and the village health workers were the direct point of contact with women. Iron-folic acid tablets and deworming treatment were provided free of charge from May 2006. An independent Vietnamese NGO was commissioned to evaluate compliance and identify potential problems. The program resulted in effective distribution of iron-folic acid tablets and deworming treatment to all villages in the target districts, with full or partial compliance of 85%. Training for health staff, the strong commitment of all partners and the use of appropriate educational materials led to broad support for weekly iron-folic acid supplementation and high participation in the regular deworming days. In March 2008 the program was expanded to all districts in the province, a target population of approximately 250,000 WRA, and management was handed over to provincial authorities.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-08-2019
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 22-09-2014
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 12-2019
DOI: 10.1136/BMJOPEN-2019-031721
Abstract: Economic evaluations of complex interventions in early child development are required to guide policy and programme development, but a few are yet available. Although significant gains have been made in maternal and child health in resource-constrained environments, this has mainly been concentrated on improving physical health. The Learning Clubs programme addresses both physical and mental child and maternal health. This study is an economic evaluation of a cluster randomised controlled trial of the impact of the Learning Clubs programme in Vietnam. It will be conducted from a societal perspective and aims to identify the cost-effectiveness and the economic and social returns of the intervention. A total of 1008 pregnant women recruited from 84 communes in a rural province in Vietnam will be included in the evaluation. Health and cost data will be gathered at three stages of the trial and used to calculate incremental cost-effectiveness ratios per percentage point improvement of infant’s development, infant’s health and maternal common mental disorders expressed in quality-adjusted life years gained. The return on investment will be calculated based on improvements in productivity, the results being expressed as benefit–cost ratios. The trial was approved by Monash University Human Research Ethics Committee (Certificate Number 2016–0683), Australia, and approval was extended to include the economic evaluation (Amendment Review Number 2018-0683-23806) and the Institutional Review Board of the Hanoi School of Public Health (Certificate Number 017-377IDD- YTCC), Vietnam. Results will be disseminated through academic journals and conference presentations. ACTRN12617000442303.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 26-02-2013
Abstract: Intimate partner violence against women (IPV) is regarded increasingly as a public health problem worldwide. The overall aim of this study was to examine the associations between different exposures to IPV and women's mental health during pregnancy and after childbirth in rural Vietnam. This was a secondary analysis of data generated in a community-based longitudinal investigation in which a cohort of pregnant women were recruited and followed until 6 months after childbirth. Different forms of IPV were measured by the Intimate Partner Violence section of the WHO Multi-Country Study on Women's Health and Domestic Violence Against Women questionnaire. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale-Vietnam Validation was used to assess symptoms of the common perinatal mental disorders of depression and anxiety (CPMD). Overall, 497 women were recruited and complete data were available from 417 (83.9%). Exposure to either lifetime or perinatal IPV including emotional abuse, physical violence and sexual violence was associated with increased CPMD symptoms (adjusted odds ratio, OR, ranges 1.3-14.3) and suicidal thoughts (OR ranges 4.7-6.1) in women during pregnancy and after childbirth. Experiencing more than one form of IPV increased the magnitude of the association between IPV and CPMD symptoms and thoughts of suicide. It is clearly essential in this and other resource-constrained settings to address emotional, physical and sexual violence perpetrated by an intimate partner in any strategies to reduce the risk of perinatal mental health problems in women.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 19-07-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2012
DOI: 10.1016/J.JAD.2012.03.029
Abstract: To establish the prevalence and correlates of the perinatal common mental disorders of depression and anxiety (PCMD) and alcohol dependence (AD) in men in northern Viet Nam. A cross-sectional study of men whose wives were >28weeks pregnant or mothers of newborns recruited from randomly-selected rural and urban communes. Data sources were Structured Clinical Interviews for DSM IV CAGE assessment of alcohol use and study-specific questionnaires. Odds ratios and 95% CIs were calculated by multiple logistic regressions. Overall, 231/360 eligible men were recruited, of whom 17.7% [95% CI, 12.8-22.7] were diagnosed with a PCMD 33.8% [95% CI, 27.9-40.1] with AD (CAGE score≥2) and 6.9% [95% CI, 4.3-11.0] with co-morbid PCMD and AD. PCMD were associated with experiences of coincidental life adversity, intimate partner violence, age>30 an unwelcome pregnancy and primiparity. AD was more common among men with low education, living in the poorest households and in unskilled work. Common mental disorders and AD are prevalent, but currently unrecognised among men in northern Viet Nam whose wives are pregnant or have recently given birth.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-01-2021
DOI: 10.1111/ACPS.13272
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 10-2020
DOI: 10.1136/BMJOPEN-2020-039343
Abstract: The Resourceful Adolescent Program (RAP) is an evidence-based resilience intervention for adolescents. Operating in a strength-focused paradigm, the programme uses an integration of cognitive behavioural therapy and interpersonal psychotherapy to improve coping skills and build resilience. This study aims to establish whether a culturally and linguistically adapted intervention informed by RAP principles is effective in increasing resilience, enhancing coping skills and preventing symptoms of depression and anxiety. We will translate, back-translate and culturally adapt the RAP for adolescents and training materials for facilitators, and the adapted intervention will be called Happy House. A two-arm parallel controlled trial will be conducted in eight high schools in the north of Vietnam. In each of the selected schools, all students from four randomly selected grade 10 classes (an estimation of about 1204 students) will be invited to participate. The control group will receive the usual curriculum. The intervention group will receive six weekly 90 min school-based group sessions of Happy House in addition to the usual curriculum. The primary outcome, depressive symptoms, will be measured using a locally validated version of the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Revised. Secondary outcomes are mental well-being, coping self-efficacy, school connectedness, anger management and health risk behaviours. Data will be collected at recruitment, and at two weeks and six months post intervention. Mixed-effect logistic regression for the main outcome and mixed-effect linear and logistic regression models for the secondary outcomes will be conducted to estimate the effects of the intervention on the outcomes. This trial has been approved by Monash University Human Research Ethics Committee (No. 21455) and the Institutional Review Board of the Hanoi School of Public Health (488/2019/YTCC-HD3). Dissemination of findings will include peer-reviewed publications, international and national conferences, seminar and media presentations, national policy briefings in Vietnam, local language reports and lay language summaries for participants. Registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, registration number: ACTRN12620000088943 (3/2/2020). WHO Universal Trial Number: U1111-1246-4079.
Publisher: American Medical Association (AMA)
Date: 09-06-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2013
DOI: 10.1016/J.COMPPSYCH.2012.10.011
Abstract: There are significant gaps in the literature on the prevalence of mental health problems and associated needs in Vietnam. A thorough understanding of culture-specific expressions of psychiatric distress is vital for the identification of the mental health needs of a community, and more research on the development and evaluation of culturally-sensitive mental health assessments is warranted. This study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the World Health Organization 20-item Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) in an epidemiologic study of Vietnamese adults. A latent variable modeling approach investigated the underlying factor structure of the SRQ-20 items. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted on SRQ-20 item-level data gathered from 4980 participants. Based on scree plots and EFA results, two latent structures were deemed plausible and were subsequently subjected to further modeling. A bi-factor model (BFM) and a correlated three-factor model solution (Negative Affect, Somatic Complaints, and Hopelessness) provided reasonable fits. The BFM specifies a single dominant General Distress factor (all SRQ-20 items) with orthogonal group factors for the subsets of items: Negative Affect (9 items), Somatic Complaints (8 items), and Hopelessness (3 items). This model fit the data as well or better than the three-factor model. Results also showed differences in endorsement rates of SRQ-20 items among males and females. Study results provide an evaluation of the psychometric properties of a commonly used screening tool and offer insight into the presentation of mental distress in a representative s le of Vietnamese adults.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-11-2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2019
DOI: 10.1186/S12888-019-2367-1
Abstract: People with severe mental illness (SMI) living in low and middle-income countries can experience extended delays to diagnosis, which hinder access to medical treatment. The aims of this study were to describe the interval to diagnosis among these people in rural Vietnam and its associated factors. A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted among people with SMI in two provinces in Vietnam. The delay to diagnosis was defined as the time between the first abnormal behaviour being observed by family members and the formal diagnosis of psychosis. A multilevel linear regression was used to examine the factors associated with the delay to diagnosis. Among 404 people with SMI from 370 households, the median delay to diagnosis was 11.5 months (IQR 0–168.0). Overall, 53.7% had a delay to diagnosis of less than one year (95% CI: 48.81–58.54). The financial burden of these people on their families was nearly USD 470/year. After adjusting for other factors at in idual and household levels, living in a Northern province older age, and having psychotic diagnosis before the implementation of the National Community Mental Health program (2003) were associated with a delay of more than twelve months to diagnosis. These data indicate that the implementation of a national policy for community-based care has been effective in reducing the delay to diagnosis in rural Vietnam. Therefore, there is a need for strengthening the program and mental health policies, focusing on public communication to improve mental health literacy and reduce stigma against SMI.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-06-2020
DOI: 10.1186/S12889-020-09067-9
Abstract: This study aimed to establish whether changes in the socioeconomic context were associated with changes in population-level antenatal mental health indicators in Vietnam. Social, economic and public policies introduced in Vietnam (1986–2010) were mapped. Secondary analyses of data from two cross-sectional community-based studies conducted in 2006 ( n = 134) and 2010 ( n = 419), involving women who were ≥ 28 weeks pregnant were completed. Data for these two studies had been collected in structured in idual face-to-face interviews, and included indicators of antenatal mental health (mean Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale Vietnam-validation (EPDS-V) score), intimate partner relationships (Intimate Bonds Measure Vietnam-validation) and sociodemographic characteristics. Socioeconomic characteristics and mean EPDS-V scores in the two study years were compared and mediation analyses were used to establish whether indicators of social and economic development mediated differences in EPDS-V scores. Major policy initiatives for poverty reduction, hunger eradication and making domestic violence a crime were implemented between 2006 and 2010. Characteristics and circumstances of pregnant women in Ha Nam improved significantly. Mean EPDS-V score was lower in 2010, indicating better population-level antenatal mental health. Household wealth and intimate partner controlling behaviours mediated the difference in EPDS-V scores between 2006 and 2010. Changes in the socioeconomic and political context, particularly through policies to improve household wealth and reduce domestic violence, appear to influence women’s lives and population-level antenatal mental health. Cross-sectoral policies that reduce social risk factors may be a powerful mechanism to improve antenatal mental health at a population level.
Publisher: WHO Press
Date: 16-04-2010
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-08-2021
Abstract: The aim of this study was to gauge the opinions of people in Australia about policies to help them recover from the consequences of COVID‐19 pandemic and its associated restrictions. An anonymous online survey of people aged 18 years and older in Australia was available from 1 July to 31 August 2020. It included 16 proposed policies which respondents rated as ‘Not at all helpful’, ‘Somewhat helpful’, or ‘Very helpful’ in assisting them recover from the COVID‐19 restrictions. In all, 9220 people completed the survey. The most endorsed policy was ‘To have a publicly available plan about management of future pandemics’ which was rated as ‘very helpful’ by 46.1% of respondents. Four other policies were rated as ‘very helpful’ by more than 30% of respondents: two related to mental health support, one to in idual financial support for living expenses, and one to support for community organisations. Government preparedness for future pandemics and support for mental health, in idual finance, and community organisations should be policy priorities in the post‐COVID‐19 recovery phase. The findings can guide policy development to support people in Australia as they recover from COVID‐19 and the restrictions that have been imposed to control its spread.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 20-01-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2021
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 11-2020
Abstract: Violence perpetrated by an intimate partner (IPV) is an important human rights and public health problem worldwide and when experienced during pregnancy is of special concern due to the harmful impact on maternal and child health. Women living in Vanuatu, and especially Sanma Province, experience high rates of IPV, however little is known about their experiences of violence when pregnant. The aim was to describe the prevalence, patterns and determinants of IPV among women who are pregnant in Sanma Province, Vanuatu. A cross-sectional survey was used. All healthy adult women attending Northern Provincial Hospital antenatal clinic from late May to late July 2019 were eligible and invited to participate. Psychological, physical and sexual IPV and controlling behaviours were assessed with a modified version of the World Health Organization Violence Against Women Instrument administered as an in idual interview. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse prevalence and patterns of IPV and logistic regression models to identify determinants. Of 214 women who expressed interest in participating, 192 women contributed data. Overall 64.2% of women had experienced any IPV during their lifetime and 42.2% had experienced IPV during their current pregnancy. Experience of co-occurrence of violence types was common, and it was more common for IPV to continue than to cease during pregnancy. Factors which increased likelihood of experiencing IPV included being employed, occupying a lower socioeconomic position, having a partner who was unemployed or used alcohol or illicit substances at least once a week. IPV, in all its forms, is a common problem faced by women who are pregnant and living in Vanuatu.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-07-2020
DOI: 10.1186/S12884-020-03086-5
Abstract: Infant birthweight is an important public health indicator that is a proxy of maternal and baby’s health. Earthquakes can cause acute distress, but can also contribute to chronic stress through long-term disruptions to social, economic and domestic circumstances. The aims of this study were to examine the direct effect of earthquake experiences on the birthweight of infants of women who experienced the 2015 Nepal Earthquakes during pregnancy and whether mental health mediated this relationship. This is a prospective, population-based cohort study. Pregnant women in Bhaktapur District, Nepal who had experienced the 2015 earthquakes after conception were recruited. Baseline data were collected in structured in idual interviews. Follow up was a short telephone interview two weeks after the baby’s birth. Infant birthweight recorded on the hospital-issued birth certificate. The direct effect of earthquake experiences on birthweight and the indirect effect via antenatal common mental disorders (CMDs) were tested using Sobel tests simultaneously. In total 497/498 women contributed baseline data and 469 (94.4%) women also provided the birth weight of their infants. In total 6% of infants had low birth weight ( 2.5 kg). The earthquake experiences did not have a significant direct effect on birthweight ( p = 0.116). However, the effect of earthquake experiences had a significant indirect effect on infant birthweight via CMDs. When 15 covariates were controlled, women who had moderate to severe earthquake experiences had an increase of 1.58 scores of antenatal CMD symptoms that resulted in their babies being 20.50 g lighter than those who had low earthquake experiences ( p = 0.026). The findings from this study indicate that the relationship is mediated by the mental health of women during pregnancy. Data demonstrate that the mental health of women who are pregnant should be prioritised in post-disaster management not only because of the burden experienced by women but also because of the risk for the growth and development of their babies.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 18-06-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.1016/J.JAD.2011.08.012
Abstract: Perinatal non-psychotic common mental disorders (PCMDs) are less well recognised in men than in women. However, there are adverse consequences of PCMD for men, their partners and their infants. There is a need for simple, readily administered screening tools for use in research and primary health care for men, including in low income settings. The aim of this study was to validate three scales for screening PCMDs in men in northern Vietnam. Translated and culturally verified versions of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Zung's Self-rated Anxiety Scale (Zung SAS), and the General Health Questionnaire 12 items (GHQ-12) were validated against a gold-standard diagnostic tool, the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM IV diagnoses in a community-based s le of 231 Vietnamese men who were partners of pregnant women or women who had recently given birth. Post-hoc analyses, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses, and Cronbach's alpha were performed to examine the validity and internal reliability of the three scales. The prevalence of PCMDs in men was 17.8% (95%CI: 13.3-22.3). The AUROC of the EPDS 76.7% (95%CI: 67.9-85.5), the Zung SAS was 77.5% (95%CI: 68.9-86.0) and the GHQ-12 was 79.2% (95%CI: 71.2-87.1). The selected cut-off point to detect clinically significant symptoms in men using the EPDS was 4/5 (Sensitivity (Se) 68.3% and specificity (Sp) 77.4%), the Zung SAS was 35/36 (Se 70.7% and Sp 79.0%) and the GHQ-12 was 0/1 (Se 75.6% and Sp 74.7%). PCMDs in men are an unrecognised public health problem in northern Vietnam. Overall the cut off scores to detect clinically significant symptoms are lower than those reported in high income settings. Cut off scores on the EPDS and Zung SAS are slightly higher in men than in women in northern Vietnam, but these scales are suitable for use with men in this setting. Although not suitable to detect PCMD in women, the GHQ-12 is suitable to detect PCMD in men.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 30-04-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-05-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-01-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S00737-021-01201-9
Abstract: Peripartum severe mental disorders (PSMDs) encompass schizophrenia, affective psychosis, and psychotic and non-psychotic forms of bipolar disorders. PSMDs are well documented in high-income countries. However, much less is known about the prevalence of PSMDs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The aim was to review the available literature systematically and estimate the prevalence of PSMDs among women in LMICs. We searched the Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Maternity and Infant Care databases systematically from the date of inception to Dec 31, 2020, for English-language publications with data on the prevalence of PSMDs among women in World Bank–defined LMICs. Selection of studies, extraction of data and assessment of study quality were each undertaken independently by at least two of the investigators. A total of five studies (completed in three countries spanning two continents) met the inclusion criteria. Five studies reported cumulative incidence of postpartum psychosis (ranging from 1.1 to 16.7 per 1000 births). We found no studies on the prevalence of severe mental disorder during pregnancy in these settings. Marked heterogeneity in methodology precluded meta-analysis. These findings indicate that PSMDs occur at a similar prevalence in low- and middle-income to high-income countries. However overall, there is a paucity of high-quality evidence from these settings. There is a need for rigorous studies with standardized methods to increase knowledge of the nature, prevalence, and determinants of PSMDs among women in resource-constrained LMICs to inform policies, service development, program planning and health professional training.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.JAD.2017.03.001
Abstract: Poor quality intimate partner relationship is associated with postnatal depression and anxiety among women. Existing scales assessing the quality of this relationship are long and measure stable aspects of the relationship rather than specific behaviours which may respond to targeted interventions. The aim was to develop and investigate the properties of a brief, life stage-specific scale to assess potentially modifiable partner behaviours in the postpartum period. Participants were primiparous women from erse geographical and socio-economic backgrounds in Victoria, Australia. Seven study-specific items were developed to assess potentially modifiable aspects of the intimate partner relationship at 6 months postpartum. Women's mental health was assessed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and the Patient Health Questionnaire depression and generalised anxiety modules. Factor analysis was conducted on the 7 items, and associations calculated between factor scores. Factor scores were compared for women with and without mental health problems. Mean inter-item correlations were computed to assess internal consistency. Factor analysis on data from 355 women revealed two factors with good internal consistency: Caring Partner Behaviours and Emotionally Abusive Partner Behaviours. Having mental health problems was associated with lower Caring Partner Behaviours and higher Emotionally Abusive Partner Behaviours scores. Interaction between partners was not observed thus external criterion validity was not assessed. This brief scale is a promising means of assessing potentially modifiable aspects of the intimate partner relationship in the postnatal period.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 05-07-2021
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 23-05-2019
DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2018.1474445
Abstract: To ascertain the trajectories of mental health among women in Australia assessed in repeat waves from their early 70 s to the end of their lives or their mid 80 s. Secondary analysis of data contributed by the 1921-26 cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study of Women's Health Waves 1-6. Primary outcome was the 4-item SF-36 Vitality Subscale, which assesses mental health as life satisfaction, social participation, energy and enthusiasm. Structural, in idual and intermediary factors were assessed using study-specific and standardised measures. Trajectories were identified using Growth Mixture Modelling and associations with baseline characteristics with Structural Equation Modelling. 12,432 women completed Survey One. Three mental health trajectories: stable high (77%) stable low (18.2%) and declining from high to low (4.8%) were identified. Compared to the stable high group, women in the stable low group were significantly less physically active, had more nutritional risks, more recent adverse life events, fewer social interactions and less social support, reported more stress and were more likely to have a serious illness or disability at Survey One. The declining group had similar characteristics to the stable high group, but were significantly more likely to report at baseline that they had experienced recent financial, physical and emotional elder abuse. These interact, but not directly with socioeconomic position and marital status. Mental health among older women is related to social relationships, general health, access to physical activity and healthy nutrition, coincidental adverse life events and experiences of interpersonal violence, in particular elder abuse.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-04-2013
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 03-2010
Abstract: Background: Community-based estimates of psychopathology prevalence in developing countries such as Vietnam, are needed to reduce presumed significant burden of poor mental health. Aims: This study derived population-based prevalence estimates of mental distress, as measured by the SRQ-20, in a community s le of 4,981 adults living in Vietnam. This study also examined correlates of mental distress based on SRQ-20 caseness indications. Risk and protective factors were identified in terms of their unique contribution to caseness. Results: Using a cut-off of 7/8, 19.2% of the s le was considered to be a probable case ( n = 954), with females endorsing more items than males. Marital status and employment status were not associated with mental health distress. Higher wealth, endorsing religious affi liation, and self-reports of good health were associated with lower SRQ-20 scores. Age and being female were associated with higher SRQ-20 scores. Conclusions: A single item was as adequate a measure of wealth as multi-item rating scales. Our estimate of mental distress using the SRQ-20 is much greater than that of other studies, and in contrast to western prevalence studies, age was not a protective factor in this study. The SRQ-20 is a brief, cost-effective and reasonably valid measure of both community and in idual mental distress.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 24-09-2018
DOI: 10.1017/S136898001800232X
Abstract: To determine the prevalence of co-morbidity of two important global health challenges, anaemia and stunting, among children aged 6–59 months in low- and middle-income countries. Secondary analysis of data from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted 2005–2015. Child stunting and anaemia were defined using current WHO classifications. Sociodemographic characteristics of children with anaemia, stunting and co-morbidity of these conditions were compared with those of ‘healthy’ children in the s le (children who were not stunted and not anaemic) using multiple logistic models. Low- and middle-income countries. Children aged 6–59 months. Data from 193 065 children from forty-three countries were included. The pooled proportion of co-morbid anaemia and stunting was 21·5 (95 % CI 21·2, 21·9) %, ranging from the lowest in Albania (2·6 % 95 % CI 1·8, 3·7 %) to the highest in Yemen (43·3 95 % CI 40·6, 46·1 %). Compared with the healthy group, children with co-morbidity were more likely to be living in rural areas, have mothers or main carers with lower educational levels and to live in poorer households. Inequality in children who had both anaemia and stunting was apparent in all countries. Co-morbid anaemia and stunting among young children is highly prevalent in low- and middle-income countries, especially among more disadvantaged children. It is suggested that they be considered under a syndemic framework, the Childhood Anaemia and Stunting (CHAS) Syndemic, which acknowledges the interacting nature of these diseases and the social and environmental factors that promote their negative interaction.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-10-2021
DOI: 10.1186/S13006-021-00427-8
Abstract: The World Health Organization recommends breastfeeding for at least two years (24 months or more) after birth. In Vietnam, 22% of women continue breastfeeding for at least two years. The aim of this study was to determine the sociodemographic and psychosocial characteristics of mother-baby dyads associated with breastfeeding for 24 months or more in a rural setting in Vietnam. A secondary analysis was conducted on existing data obtained from a prospective study in Ha Nam, Vietnam. Women were recruited when they were pregnant and were followed up until 36 months after giving birth. The data were collected between 2009 and 2011. The associations between sociodemographic and psychosocial characteristics and continued breastfeeding for 24 months or more were examined using a multivariable logistic regression model. Overall, 363 women provided complete data which were included in the analyses. Among those, 20.9% breastfed for 24 months or more. Women who were 31 years old or older were more likely to breastfeed for 24 months or more than women who were 20 years old or younger (adjusted odds ratio, AOR, 9.54 [95% CI 2.25, 40.47]). Women who gave birth to girls were less likely to breastfeed for 24 or more months than women who had boys (AOR 0.44 95% CI 0.25, 0.80). This study provides evidence that may be useful for policy-makers to help improve breastfeeding practices for all children in Vietnam by targeting policy towards younger women and women with girls to promote continued breastfeeding for at least 24 months.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 14-10-2023
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-08-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-07-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.JAD.2018.12.042
Abstract: This study aimed to culturally verify and examine the empirical psychometric properties of the Indonesian versions of the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale - Revised (CESD-R), the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale - 10 items (K10) and a subset of 6 items of the K10, the K6 to detect depressive and anxiety disorders among older adolescents in Indonesia. The empirical psychometric properties were examined formally among students aged 16-18 years attending high schools in Jakarta. The scales were validated against the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents (MINI-Kid) modules for major depressive episode, dysthymia, panic disorder, separation anxiety disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder. In total, 196 students contributed complete data. All of the scales had Cronbach's alpha >0.8. The areas under the ROC Curve of CESD-R against MINI depressive disorders and K10/K6 against MINI depressive and anxiety disorders were at moderate to high accuracy levels (0.78 to 0.86). The optimal cut-off value of CESD-R (scores ranging: 0-60) to screen for any depressive disorder is ≥20 (sensitivity 75.0% specificity 79.9%). The optimal cut-off value of K10 to detect any depressive/anxiety disorders is ≥18 (sensitivity 85.7% specificity 74.7%) and K6 is ≥12 (sensitivity 81.0% specificity 76.6%) LIMITATIONS: The school-based s le limits the generalisability of the findings to this group. This study suggests that the CESD-R I is a useful tool for screening for depressive disorders and both the K10 I and K6 I are useful for screening for any depressive or anxiety disorders among Indonesian adolescents.
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 09-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-02-2015
DOI: 10.1111/CCH.12235
Abstract: Common mental disorders (CMD) and adverse social circumstances are widespread among mothers of infants and toddlers in resource-constrained settings. These can undermine early childhood development through compromised caregiving and insufficient access to essential resources. The aim was to examine the effect of maternal CMD and social adversity in the post-partum year on toddler's length-for-age index in a rural low-income setting. A population-based prospective cohort study of women in Ha Nam province, Vietnam who completed baseline assessments in either late pregnancy or 4-6 weeks post partum and were followed up, with their toddlers, 15 months later. CMD were assessed at both points by psychiatrist-administered Structured Clinical Interviews for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition Diagnoses. Anthropometric indices were calculated from toddler's age, sex, weight and length using World Health Organization Child Growth Standards. Social adversities were assessed by study-specific questions and locally validated psychometric instruments. The hypothesized model of factors governing toddler's length-for-age Z score (LAZ) was tested using path analysis. In total, 211/234 (90.1%) mother-toddler pairs provided complete data. Baseline prevalence of CMD among women was 33.6% and follow-up was 18.5%. The mean LAZ among toddlers was -1.03 and stunting prevalence (LAZ < -2) was 15.6%. Maternal CMD at baseline were indirectly related to toddler LAZ via maternal CMD at follow-up (regression coefficient = -0.05, 95% CI -0.11 to -0.01). Maternal CMD at follow-up was associated significantly with toddler LAZ (regression coefficient = -0.15, 95% CI -0.28 to -0.05). Poorer quality of marital relationship, mothers' experiences of childhood abuse and <30 days dedicated post-partum care were associated indirectly with lower toddler LAZ via maternal CMD. Maternal post-natal CMD are associated with child growth measured by LAZ in this resource-constrained setting. Social adversities affect child growth indirectly through increasing the risk of maternal CMD. Interventions to reduce stunting in low-income settings may need to address maternal CMD and social adversities in order to improve impact.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-05-2017
DOI: 10.1111/CCH.12474
Abstract: Unsettled infant behaviours are a common source of concern for new parents and have been associated with perinatal common mental disorders amongst women in high-income settings. There is little evidence about how unsettled infant behaviours are understood and managed in low and lower-middle income countries. This study aimed to describe caregivers' understandings of, and responses to, unsettled infant behaviours in Vietnam and their family caregiving contexts. Women who were mothers of infants aged 0-6 months were purposively recruited from two sites in Thua Thien Hue Province, Vietnam (one urban and one rural). An additional group of women who were grandmothers were recruited by snowball s ling. Data were collected in semi-structured interviews about demographic information, infant feeding practices, descriptions of infant crying episodes, beliefs about why infants cry, settling strategies, infant sleeping arrangements and sources of advice on infant care. Translated interview transcripts were analysed thematically. Twenty-four interviews were undertaken (21 with mothers and 3 with grandmothers). Five major themes emerged from the data after analysis: infant settling techniques, sources of information on unsettled infant behaviour, understandings of the causes of infant crying, the emotional responses of caregivers and the intergenerational household context. Infants were commonly cared for by people from multiple generations, particularly during the day. Infant settling was characterized by attending to infants immediately, breastfeeding and bed-sharing with parents during the night. Most mothers received advice on caregiving from family members. Infant crying was attributed to hunger and loneliness, as well as traditional beliefs that the infant was being upset by 'ghosts' or becoming 'hot'. Women described feeling anxious, frustrated and helpless in relation to unsettled behaviours amongst their infants. Educational interventions on interpreting infant cues, infant sleep requirements and bed sharing may be appropriate in Vietnam if multiple generations are included and traditional beliefs about infant crying are addressed.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 19-09-2012
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 07-03-2019
Abstract: The effectiveness of interventions for people with severe mental illness delivered by informal community care providers in low and lower middle-income countries is not known. The aim was to conduct a systematic review of the impact of community-based interventions implemented by the informal sector for people with severe mental illness in these settings. Five electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) were searched for English-language publications using both keywords and MeSH terms. All study designs were included. Five papers, reporting data from five studies conducted in four low and lower middle-income countries in 2017, met the inclusion criteria for the review. Of the five included studies, three had a before and after design, one was a randomized controlled trial, and one a qualitative investigation. Most interventions with a low-moderate quality of evidence used informal community care providers to deliver either self-help groups, traditional healing treatments, and/or a rehabilitation program. The investigators reported data about improvements in the outcomes of intervention participants (psychosocial functioning, psychotic symptoms, and social inclusion) and positive impacts on their families (family’s knowledge and skills of mental illness management, caregiving burden, social exclusion/stigma against people with severe mental illness, and financial burden). Cost-effectiveness of the intervention (in one study) found that it had a higher financial cost but greater effectiveness than the usual standard of care. Although only a small number of studies were identified, the review provides promising evidence of the professionally developed interventions for people with severe mental illness, delivered by the informal community workforce in low and lower middle-income settings. Training and supportive supervision for informal community care providers are crucial components of effective interventions.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 16-03-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2021
Publisher: WHO Press
Date: 12-2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-01-2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-02-2022
DOI: 10.1186/S40795-022-00505-Y
Abstract: Early childhood growth patterns have long-term consequences for health and disease. Little is known about the interplay between growth and iron status during childhood. We explored the interplay between linear growth and iron status during early childhood, by assessing child growth trajectories between 6 and 36 months (m) of age in relation to infant iron status at 6 months of age. A cohort study of infants born to women who had previously participated in a cluster randomized controlled trial of antenatal micronutrient supplementation, conducted in rural Vietnam. The relationship between child linear growth trajectories and infant iron status (ferritin concentration) was examined using latent growth curve modeling. Primary outcomes were height for age z scores (HAZ) and growth trajectory between 6 and 36 m of age. A total of 1112 infants were included in the study. Mean [SD] HAZ scores decreased over time from –0·58 [0·94] at 6 m, to –0·97 [0·99] at 18 m, to –1·14 [0·89] at 36 m of age. There was a steep linear decline in the HAZ scores between 6 and 18 m of age, followed by a slower linear decline from 18 to 36 m of age. Ferritin concentration at 6 m of age was inversely associated with HAZ score at 6 m of age (-0·145, 95% CI [-0.189, -0.101]). There was no association between infant ferritin at 6 m of age and child growth trajectory between 6 and 36 m of age. Iron status at six months of age did not influence a child’s later linear growth trajectory in this cohort of rural Vietnamese children. Longitudinal studies with repeated ferritin and height measurements are required to better delineate this relationship and inform public health interventions.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 26-06-2014
Publisher: WHO Press
Date: 24-11-2011
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-12-2009
DOI: 10.1007/S00127-009-0172-8
Abstract: The purpose of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of probable mental health problems in an epidemiologic study of Vietnamese adolescents. A secondary aim was to examine the correlates of probable mental health caseness. Interviewers visited 1,914 households that were randomly selected to participate in a multi-agency study of mental health in select provinces of Vietnam. Semi-structured interviews assessed adolescent mental health problems using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) parent informant version, and additionally the interviewers collected information on demographic variables (age, gender, ethnic group, religious affiliation, social capital). The final s le included data on 1,368 adolescents (aged 11-18 years). The average score on the total problem composite of the SDQ scale was 6.66 (SD=4.89), and 9.1% of the s le was considered a case (n=124). Bivariate analyses were conducted to determine which demographic variables were related to the SDQ case/non-case score. All variables except gender were significant in bivariate analyses, and therefore were entered into a logistic regression. Results indicated that age, religion, and wealth remained significant predictors of probable caseness. Overall, prevalence estimates of mental health problems generated by the SDQ were consistent with those reported in the US and other Western and non-Western s les. Results of the current study suggest some concordance of risk and protective factors between Western and Vietnamese youth (i.e., age and SES).
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-07-2009
Abstract: Anemia due to iron deficiency is recognized as one of the major nutritional deficiencies in women and children in developing countries. Daily iron supplementation for pregnant women is recommended in many countries although there are few reports of these programs working efficiently or effectively. Weekly iron-folic acid supplementation (WIFS) and regular deworming treatment is recommended for non-pregnant women living in areas with high rates of anemia. Following a baseline survey to assess the prevalence of anemia, iron deficiency and soil transmitted helminth infections, we implemented a program to make WIFS and regular deworming treatment freely and universally available for all women of reproductive age in two districts of a province in northern Vietnam over a 12 month period. The impact of the program at the population level was assessed in terms of: i) change in mean hemoglobin and iron status indicators, and ii) change in the prevalence of anemia, iron deficiency and hookworm infections. Distribution of WIFS and deworming were integrated with routine health services and made available to 52,000 women. Demographic data and blood and stool s les were collected in baseline, and three and 12-month post-implementation surveys using a population-based, stratified multi-stage cluster s ling design. The mean Hb increased by 9.6 g/L (95% CI, 5.7, 13.5, p 0.001) during the study period. Anemia (Hb g/L) was present in 131/349 (37.5%, 95% CI 31.3, 44.8) subjects at baseline, and in 70/363 (19.3%, 95% CI 14.0, 24.6) after twelve months. Iron deficiency reduced from 75/329 (22.8%, 95% CI 16.9, 28.6) to 33/353 (9.3%, 95% CI 5.7, 13.0) by the 12-mnth survey, and hookworm infection from 279/366 (76.2%,, 95% CI 68.6, 83.8) to 66/287 (23.0%, 95% CI 17.5, 28.5) over the same period. A free, universal WIFS program with regular deworming was associated with reduced prevalence and severity of anemia, iron deficiency and hookworm infection when made available to Vietnamese women over a 12-month period.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2013
DOI: 10.1016/J.JAD.2012.09.007
Abstract: Little is known about the prevalence of and risk factors for common mental disorders (CMD) in pregnant women in low-income countries. The aim of this study was to establish the prevalence of and psychosocial risk factors for clinically significant symptoms of CMD in early and late pregnancy in women in rural Viet Nam. A population-based s le of women was surveyed in early and late pregnancy. CMD were assessed by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale-Viet Nam Validation and psychosocial risks by study-specific structured interviews. In total 497/523 (97%) eligible women were recruited and 419 (84%) provided complete data. Prevalence of CMD only in early pregnancy was 22.4% (95% CI 18.4-26.4) only in late pregnancy was 10.7% (95% CI 7.8-13.7) and at both assessment waves was 17.4% (95% CI 13.8-21.1). Non-economic and economic coincidental life adversity, intimate partner violence, past pregnancy loss, and childhood abuse were positively associated with persistent antenatal CMD. Older age, having a preference for the baby's sex, and nulli- or primiparity were risk factors for CMD in early pregnancy. Persistent antenatal CMD are prevalent in rural areas of Viet Nam. Psychosocial risk factors play a major role in this significant public health problem.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2014
DOI: 10.1016/J.JAD.2013.12.034
Abstract: Little is known about the effect of common mental disorders (CMD) among women in the perinatal period on infant development in low-income countries. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of exposures to maternal symptoms of ante- and post-natal CMD on infant social-emotional development in a low-income setting. A prospective community-based investigation in which a cohort of pregnant women was recruited in rural northern Vietnam and followed until 6 months postpartum. Psychosocial and biological data were collected in four assessment waves. The outcome was 6-month old infants' scores on the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development Social-Emotional Questionnaire. Direct and indirect effects of maternal CMD on the outcome were tested simultaneously with path analysis. Complete data were available for 378 mother-infant dyads. There were no direct effects of ante- or post-natal CMD on infant Social-Emotional scores. However, there was an indirect pathway (path coefficient -1.11, 95% CI -1.79 to -0.42) in which antenatal CMD were associated with increased likelihood of postnatal CMD, which were associated with reduced parenting self-efficacy and less affectionate and warm parenting practices, which were associated with lower infant social-emotional scores. Parenting self-efficacy and practices also mediated the adverse effects of a woman being young or of high parity or experiencing poverty, intimate partner violence, a poor relationship with her own mother, non-economic life adversity and insufficient breastmilk, on infant social-emotional development. We acknowledge some limitations including (1) a moderate rate of attrition, (2) the use of a screening test for perinatal CMD, (3) the Bayley scales are not yet validated for use in Vietnam and (4) possible response bias in which maternal perceptions of their infants were influenced by their mood. These data indicate that women's antenatal and postnatal mental health is a crucial but currently inadequately understood determinant of the social and emotional development of infants in low-income settings.
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 06-2023
DOI: 10.1136/BMJOPEN-2022-070068
Abstract: Natural hazards are damaging environmental events, such as fires, droughts and floods, which have negative impacts on human lives, livelihoods and health. Natural hazards are increasing in intensity and severity, and may potentially have harmful effects on the health and development of children who experience them. There are few syntheses of the evidence about the effects of natural hazards on the early development of children aged from birth to 5 years old. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to determine the impact of natural hazards on the cognitive, motor, language, social and emotional development of children from birth to 5 years old. Comprehensive searches will be conducted in five bibliographic databases: Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid PsycInfo, CINAHL Plus, Scopus and Ovid EMBASE, using predefined search terms to identify the relevant studies. The review will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Eligible studies will be included if they report on the association between exposure to natural hazards and at least one indicator of early childhood development (ECD). Extracted data will include: main study findings, characteristics of the study design, measures of natural hazards and ECD indicators. Observational studies with cross-sectional, case–control, prospective or retrospective cohort designs will be included in this review. Case descriptions and qualitative studies will be excluded. Study quality will be assessed using the Joanna Brigg’s Institute critical appraisal tools. We will conduct a meta-analysis if the reviewed studies are sufficiently homogeneous according to research design, exposure, participants and outcome measures. The meta-analysis will include subgroup analyses (eg, length of exposure to natural hazard, type of natural hazard, ECD indicator). The findings will be disseminated through a peer-review publication, policy brief, technical report and report published on institutional stakeholder websites. CRD42022331621.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-05-2009
DOI: 10.1002/JTS.20404
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-03-2022
DOI: 10.1186/S40359-022-00770-3
Abstract: This study aimed to examine the construct validity of the Coping Self-Efficacy Scale-Vietnamese Version (CSES-V) among Vietnamese adolescents. This study selected Grade 10 students from eight schools in Hanoi using a multiple-stage s ling method. Multiple aspects of the construct validity were examined including: factorial structure (evaluated using exploratory factor analysis) internal consistency (tested using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient) measurement invariance between male and female participants and longitudinal measurement invariance (tested by employing multiple group confirmatory factor analysis) and external aspect (tested using Pearson’s correlation coefficients between CSES-V and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Subscales of Depression (DASS21-D), Anxiety (DASS21-A), and Stress (DASS21-S) and a measure of mental well-being, Mental Health Continuum Short Form (MHC-SF)). A total of 1082 adolescents (aged 14–16 years) was included in this study. Data supported a three-factor structure (comprising 24 items) that explained 97.6% of the total variance of the CSES-V. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of all three factors were acceptable. All levels of measurement invariance between male and female participants and longitudinal measurement invariance were well-supported. The three factors of the CSES-V were positively correlated with MHC-SF and were negatively correlated with the DASS21 subscales at a low or moderate level, supporting the external aspect of the construct validity. CSES-V is recommended to assess coping self-efficacy among Vietnamese adolescents who are attending school.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-02-2014
DOI: 10.1111/APPY.12011
Abstract: Sensitive, valid measures to assess the quality of the intimate partner relationship are necessary for both clinical practice and research. The aim of this study was to examine the validity of the Intimate Bonds Measure (IBM) in women who were pregnant or had recently given birth in Vietnam. The IBM was translated and culturally verified in a step-by-step process with Vietnamese health workers, researchers and community members. The validation study was nested within two larger community-based cross-sectional investigations: the first in 2006, which recruited 199 pregnant women and 165 mothers of newborns, and the second in 2010, which recruited 419 pregnant women. Internal structure was assessed by factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha and construct validity by comparison with relevant factors. Exploratory factor analyses revealed an identical factor structure to the one reported by the measure's developers in an Anglophone Australian population more than 20 years ago. The two factors replicate exactly the Care and Control subscales and Cronbach's alpha (from 0.68 to 0.83) indicates high internal consistency in both sub-scales. Mean scores of the Care-V and Control-V sub-scales were associated significantly and in expected directions with whether a woman could confide in, felt supported by or was frightened of her partner, or had experienced intimate partner violence and measures of mental health status. The Vietnamese version of the IBM (IBM-V) is comprehensible, meaningful and appears to be a valid measure the construct of quality of relationship with an intimate partner among women in this setting.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2200
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 25-09-2020
DOI: 10.1017/S1368980020003833
Abstract: As a result of the coronavirus-19 disease (COVID-19) pandemic, Australia adopted emergency measures on 22 March 2020. This study reports the effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on appetite and overeating in Australian adults during the first month of emergency measures. This study reports analysis of data from the population-based, self-completed survey. The main outcome measure was an item from the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 asking: ‘Over the past 2 weeks, how often have you been bothered by poor appetite or overeating?’. Data on sociodemographic factors, symptoms of anxiety and depression, and the impact of COVID-19 and lockdown were also collected. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine associations with poor appetite or overeating. An anonymous online survey available from 3 April to 2 May 2020. A total of 13 829 Australian residents aged 18 years or over. The weighted prevalence of being bothered by poor appetite or overeating in the past 2 weeks was 53·6 %, with 11·6 % (95 % CI 10·6, 12·6) of the cohort reporting poor appetite or overeating nearly every day. High levels of anxiety, concern about contracting COVID-19, being in lockdown with children and reporting a severe impact of the lockdown were associated with increased odds of poor appetite or overeating. Given the widespread prevalence of being bothered by poor appetite or overeating, universal public health interventions to address emotion-focused or situational eating during periods of lockdown may be appropriate.
Publisher: Royal College of Psychiatrists
Date: 02-2015
DOI: 10.1192/BJP.BP.114.149138
Abstract: In low- and middle-income countries little is known about changes in women's mental health status from the perinatal period to 15 months postpartum or the factors associated with different trajectories. To determine the incidence and rates of recovery from common mental disorders (CMD) among rural Vietnamese women and the risk and protective factors associated with these outcomes from the perinatal period to 15 months after giving birth. In a population-based prospective study, a systematically recruited cohort of women completed baseline assessments in either the last trimester of pregnancy or 4–6 weeks after giving birth and were followed up 15 months later. The common mental disorders of major depression, generalised anxiety and panic disorder were assessed by psychiatrist-administered Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Disorders at both baseline and follow-up. A total of 211 women provided complete data in this study. The incidence rate of CMD in the first postpartum year was 13% (95% CI 8–19), and 70% (95% CI 59–80) of women who had perinatal CMD recovered within the first postpartum year. Incidence was associated with having experienced childhood maltreatment, experiencing the intimate partner as providing little care, sensitivity, kindness or affection, and the chronic stress of household poverty. Recovery was associated with higher quality of a woman's relationships with her intimate partner and her own mother, longer period of mandated rest following birth, and sharing of domestic tasks and infant care. Modifiable social factors, in particular the quality of a woman's closest relationships with her partner and her own mother, and participation by family members in domestic work and infant care, are closely related to women's mental health in the first year after giving birth in resource-constrained settings.
Publisher: AMPCo
Date: 26-10-2020
DOI: 10.5694/MJA2.50831
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 03-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-11-2009
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2014
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 28-11-2016
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 11-2016
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 05-01-2022
DOI: 10.1111/HSC.13699
Abstract: We examined the effect of person-related factors on capacity to obtain needed healthcare for non-COVID-19 health conditions/disabilities under COVID-19 restrictions. This was an anonymous online survey of Australian residents ≥18 years (3rd April to 2nd May 2020). We determined the ability to obtain care needed for non-COVID-19 health conditions/disabilities, experience of COVID-19, COVID-19 restrictions and sociodemographic characteristics using study-specific questions and clinically significant depressive and anxiety symptoms using Patient Health Questionnaire 9 and Generalised Anxiety Disorder Scale 7 respectively. We calculated the population attributable fraction (PAF) to determine the proportion of worse access to non-COVID-19 health/disability care attributable to independent risk factors. 13,829 (91.5%) participants had complete data. 6,712 (46.4%) identified a need for healthcare/disability services (<45 years 42.1%, ≥45 years 50.3%). 31.6% aged <45 years and 24.3% aged ≥45 years reported worse access to health/disability care than experienced prior to the pandemic. In those aged <45 years the PAF was highest for depressive symptoms (21.4% 95% CI 12.6%-29.3%) and anxiety (PAF 19.9%, 12.3%-26.9%). with a PAF of 49.6% (40.1%-57.6%) if any one of the following was being experienced: doing unpaid work being a student depressive symptoms symptoms of anxiety experiencing high adverse impact of COVID-19 restrictions. In those ≥45 years, PAF was highest for having depressive symptoms (PAF 20.9%, 16.6-24.8) with a PAF of 44.1% (36.0%-51.2%) if any one of the following was being experienced: depressive symptoms symptoms of anxiety doing unpaid work living alone being in lowest socioeconomic quintile main source of income from government benefits any personal experience of COVID-19. The identified risk factors, which include many that characterise those with worse health outcomes generally, explained 44%-50% of worse access to necessary health/disability care. These data have the potential to inform targeted strategies aimed at reducing a post-pandemic escalation of poor health outcomes, especially in vulnerable populations.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 26-07-2023
Abstract: Considering equity in early childhood development (ECD) is important to ensure healthy development for every child. Equity-informative cost-effectiveness analysis can further guide decision makers to maximize outcomes with limited resources while promoting equity. This cost-effectiveness study aimed to examine the equity impacts of a multicomponent ECD intervention in rural Vietnam. We estimated the cost-effectiveness of the intervention with a 30-month time horizon from the service provider and household perspectives with equity considerations. Data were from a cluster-randomized controlled trial comparing the intervention with the local standard of care. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) per child cognitive development score gained were estimated by household wealth quintile and maternal education level, adjusted for cluster effects and baseline characteristics such as maternal parity and age. A 3% discount rate was applied to costs, and non-parametric cluster bootstrapping was used to examine uncertainty around ICERs. Children in the intervention had higher cognitive development scores than those in the control arm across all subgroups. Based on intervention recurrent cost, the ICER per cognitive development score gained was lower in children from the poorest quintile (−US$6) compared to those from the richest quintile (US$16). Similarly, the ICER per cognitive development score gained was lower in children whose mothers had the lowest education level (−US$0.02) than those with mothers who had the highest education level (US$7). Even though our findings should be interpreted with caution due to the insufficient study power, the findings suggest that the intervention could promote equity while improving child cognitive development with greater cost-effectiveness in disadvantaged groups.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-08-2022
DOI: 10.1186/S40359-022-00907-4
Abstract: Depression and other forms of psychological distress are common among Vietnamese adolescents and increase the risk of mental health problems in adulthood. As anger coping is a robust predictor of adolescent mental health difficulties, and there appear to be cultural variations in anger coping, a measure of adolescent anger coping styles that has been validated using a non-Western adolescent s le is required to inform and support early intervention to prevent or treat mental health difficulties in Vietnamese adolescents. This study examined the construct validity (structural and external) of the Behavioral Anger Response Questionnaire for Children in Vietnam (BARQC-V). Baseline data sourced from a recent randomised control trial conducted with Grade 10 Vietnamese adolescents aged 14 to 16 ( N = 1084) were used to examine multiple aspects of construct validity: factorial structure (evaluated using factor analysis) internal consistency (tested using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient) and external aspect (assessed using Pearson’s correlation coefficients between the BARQC-V and Vietnamese translations of the Coping Self-Efficacy Scale, Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Revised, Mental Health Continuum Short Form, and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale). Evaluating factorial structure using confirmatory factor analysis failed to converge on a solution. Exploratory factor analysis yielded a 5-factor structure model that explained 49.32% of the BARQC-V’s total variance and was deemed to be a good fit by the final confirmatory factor analysis. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of the 5 factors demonstrated acceptable internal reliability for the BARQC-V’s sub-scales. Concerning concurrent validity, three sub-scales predicted well-being and mental health difficulties: the maladaptive anger coping styles Rumination and Direct Anger-out were positively associated with depression and distress, and negatively associated with coping self-efficacy and mental well-being and the adaptive anger coping style Assertion was positively associated with coping self-efficacy and mental well-being, and negatively associated with depression. The BARQC-V provides a validated measure of three anger coping strategies used by adolescents in Vietnam (Rumination, Direct Anger-out, and Assertion) that can be used to improve detection and treatment of mental health difficulties in this population, and as a starting point by future research to develop a much-needed gold standard measure of anger coping for adults, adolescents and children world-wide.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-01-2013
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-10-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.SOCSCIMED.2021.114657
Abstract: There is evidence on benefits of psychosocial stimulation (PS) and cash transfer programmes in low- and middle-income countries on children's development. We integrated PS into an unconditional cash transfer (UCT) programme for poor Bangladeshi mothers to examine the effects on children's development. This cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted in rural Bangladesh from July 2017 to December 2018 in 33 clusters, with 11 clusters randomly assigned to each of the three arms, namely i) PS + UCT ii) UCT-only and iii) Comparison. We enrolled poor mothers and child (6-16 months) dyads eligible to receive maternity allowance by the Government of Bangladesh. Trained local women imparted training to mothers to provide psychosocial stimulation to their children for one year. Children's cognitive, language and motor development were measured with Bayley-III, behaviour with Wolke's ratings and maternal self-esteem with Rosenberg self-esteem scale. The analysis was intention-to-treat. Of the 594 mother-child dyads, 40 (6·8%) were lost to follow-up. Compared to UCT-only, children in the PS + UCT had significant improvement in cognitive (B = 2.96, 95% CI: 0.46-5.47, Effect Size [ES] 0.24SD) and language (2.73, 0.39-5.00, ES 0.21SD) scores and were more responsive to examiner (0.30, 0.06-0.52, ES 0.27SD), while compared to comparison group, they had significantly higher cognitive (3.37, 1.27-6.19, ES 0.32SD), language (2.82, 0.53-5.10, ES 0.24SD) and motor (2.65, 0.24-5.06, ES 0.22SD) scores and were more responsive to examiner (0.30, 0.08-0.52, ES 0.26 SD). The mothers' self-esteem was significantly higher in PS + UCT (2.46, 0.94-3.98, ES 0.48 SD) and UCT-only (1.67, 0.02-3.20, ES 0.32 SD) compared to the comparison group. PS integrated into an UCT programme benefited children's neurodevelopment and UCT improved mother's self-esteem. UCT programme may be an important platform for child stimulation programmes for rural poor populations.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.JAD.2011.03.038
Abstract: There is increasing recognition that Perinatal Common Mental Disorders (CMDs) are a major public health problem for women in resource-constrained countries. There is an urgent need for screening tools suitable for use by community based health workers to assist in the identification of people with compromised mental health. The aim of this study was to establish the validity of three widely used psychometric screening instruments in detecting CMDs in women in northern Viet Nam. Translated and culturally verified versions of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), General Health Questionnaire 12 items (GHQ-12), Zung's Self-rated Anxiety Scale (Zung SAS) and a gold-standard diagnostic tool, the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM IV, were administered to a community-based representative cohort of 364 Vietnamese women in the perinatal period. Post-hoc analyses, Cronbach's alpha, and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed to identify the optimal cut-off points and to compare the validity of three scales. The Areas under the ROC Curve were: EPDS 0.77 (95%CI 0.72-0.82) Zung SAS 0.79 (95%CI 0.74-0.84) and GHQ-12 0.72 (95%CI 0.67-0.78). The optimal cut-off point for the EPDS was 3/4 (Se 69.7% Sp 72.9%). The corresponding value for Zung SAS was 37/38 (Se 67.9% Sp 75.3%) and for GHQ-12 was 0/1 (Se 77.1% Sp 56.6%). The internal reliability Cronbach's alpha for EPDS was 0.75, for Zung SAS was 0.76, and for GHQ-12 was 0.64. These instruments are suitable for use as screening tools for CMDs in women in northern Viet Nam, but probably because of differences in emotional literacy, familiarity with test-taking and the effects of chronic social adversity require much lower cut off scores to detect clinically significant symptoms than in other settings.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-02-2020
Publisher: WHO Press
Date: 11-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.3223933
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.JAD.2017.12.016
Abstract: Antenatal mental health problems are of concern globally not only because of the burden and limits to participation experienced by women but also because of risks for foetal neurocognitive development and adverse birth outcomes. The aim was to describe the indicative prevalence of and risk and protective factors for clinically-significant symptoms of antenatal common mental disorders (CMDs) among women who experienced the 2015 Nepal earthquakes during pregnancy. A population-based cross-sectional study in Bhaktapur, one of 14 districts highly affected by the 2015 Nepal earthquakes. The primary outcome, clinically significant symptoms of CMDs, was ascertained using the Nepali validation of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS-N). In order to investigate potential trauma reactions, a subset of EPDS items as indicators of trauma symptoms was constructed. Standardised instruments and study-specific questions were used to measure potential risk and protective factors. Data were collected in in idual structured interviews by trained health researchers. Hierarchical multiple linear regression models were used to establish risk and protective factors for clinically significant symptoms of CMDs and indicators of post-earthquake trauma reaction. Overall, 497/498 eligible pregnant women provided complete data. We found that 21.9% (95% CI, 18.4 25.8) of participants had EPDS-N scores > 12 and another 17.1% (95% CI 13.9 20.7) scored 10-12 indicating a high prevalence of clinically significant CMD symptoms. In total, 20 factors were included in the final hierarchical multiple linear regression model and together explained 33.3% of the variance in EPDS total scores seven factors, including earthquake experiences and lifetime experience of intimate partner violence, increased risk and five including having income-generating work and a kind, and encouraging partner were protective. The association between earthquake experiences and the indicators of trauma symptoms was not significant in the hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis. The EPDS has not yet been formally validated in Nepal for use during pregnancy. Data were collected 6 months post-earthquake, so we were not able to capture the experiences of women who had spontaneous or induced abortions or premature births in the immediate aftermath of the earthquake. In addition to the restoration of antenatal and obstetric services, the mental health of women who are pregnant requires specific consideration and interventions after natural disasters. This should take into account the additional adverse impact of violence perpetrated by an intimate partner.
No related grants have been discovered for Thach Tran.