ORCID Profile
0000-0002-0645-3399
Current Organisation
GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel
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Natural hazards | Sedimentology | Volcanology | Geology
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 27-07-2023
DOI: 10.1029/2023GC010866
Abstract: Three volcanic arcs have been the source of New Zealand's volcanic activity since the Neogene: Northland arc, Coromandel Volcanic Zone (CVZ) and Taupō Volcanic Zone (TVZ). The eruption chronology for the Quaternary, sourced by the TVZ, is well studied and established, whereas the volcanic evolution of the precursor arc systems, like the CVZ (central activity c. 18 to 2 Ma), is poorly known due to limited accessibility to, or identification of, onshore volcanic deposits and their sources. Here, we investigate the marine tephra record of the Neogene, mostly sourced by the CVZ, of cores from IODP Exp. 375 (Sites U1520 and U1526), ODP Leg 181 (Sites 1123, 1124 and 1125), IODP Leg 329 (Site U1371) and DSDP Leg 90 (Site 594) offshore of New Zealand. In total, we identify 306 primary tephra layers in the marine sediments. Multi‐approach age models (e.g. biostratigraphy, zircon ages) are used in combination with geochemical fingerprinting (major and trace element compositions) and the stratigraphic context of each marine tephra layer to establish 168 tie‐lines between marine tephra layers from different holes and sites. Following this approach, we identify 208 explosive volcanic events in the Neogene between c. 17.5 and 2.6 Ma. This is the first comprehensive study of New Zealand's Neogene explosive volcanism established from tephrochronostratigraphic studies, which reveals continuous volcanic activity between c. 12 and 2.6 Ma with an abrupt compositional change at c. 4.5 Ma, potentially associated with the transition from CVZ to TVZ.
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 12-2021
DOI: 10.1029/2021GC010011
Abstract: We use the tephrostratigraphic framework along the Aegean Volcanic Arc established in Part 1 of this contribution to determine hemipelagic sedimentation rates, calculate new tephra ages, and constrain the minimum magnitudes of (sub)plinian eruptions of the last 200 kyrs. Hemipelagic sedimentation rates range from ∼0.5 cm/kyr up to ∼40 cm/kyr and vary laterally as well as over time. Interpolation between dated tephras yields an eruption age of ∼37 ka for the Firiplaka tephra, showing that explosive volcanism on Milos is ∼24 kyrs younger than previously thought. The four marine Nisyros tephras (N1 to N4) identified in Part 1 (including the Upper (N1) and Lower (N4) Pumice) have ages of ∼57 ka, ∼63 ka, ∼69 ka, and ∼76 ka, respectively. Eruption ages for the Yali‐1 and Yali‐2 tephras are ∼55 ka and ∼34 ka, respectively. The Yali‐2 tephra comprises two geochemically and laterally distinct marine facies. The southern facies is identical to the Yali‐2 fall deposit on land but the western facies has slightly less evolved glass compositions. Overall, erupted plinian and co‐ignimbrite fall tephra volumes range from to 56 km 3 (excluding possible caldera fillings and ignimbrite volumes), and 80% of the eruptions had magnitude 5.5 M ≤ 7.2 ( M = log(m)‐7 m = erupted magma mass in kg). Twenty percent of the tephras represent 3.2 M 5.5 eruptions. The long‐term average tephra magma mass flux through highly explosive eruptions of Santorini is estimated at ∼40 kg/s. The analogous data for the Kos‐Yali‐Nisyros volcanic complex is less‐well constrained but similar to Santorini.
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 12-2021
DOI: 10.1029/2021GC010010
Abstract: The Milos, Christiana‐Santorini‐Kolumbo (CSK) and Kos‐Yali‐Nisyros (KYN) volcanic complexes of the Aegean Volcanic Arc have repeatedly produced highly explosive eruptions from at least ∼360 ka into historic times and still show recent unrest. We present the marine tephra record from an array of 50, up to 7.4 m long, sediment cores along the arc collected in 2017 during RV Poseidon cruise POS513, which complements earlier work on distal to ultra‐distal eastern Mediterranean sediment cores. A unique set of glass‐shard trace element (LA‐ICPMS) compositions complements our major element (EMP) data on 220 primary ash layers and 40 terrestrial s les to support geochemical fingerprinting for correlations with 19 known tephras from all three volcanic complexes and with the 39 ka C anian Ignimbrite from the C i Flegrei, Italy. The correlations include 11 eruptions from CSK (Kameni, Kolumbo 1650, Minoan, Cape Riva, Cape Tripiti, Upper Scoriae 1 and 2, Middle Pumice, Cape Thera, Lower Pumice, Cape Therma 3). We identify a previously unknown widespread tephra from a plinian eruption on Milos (Firiplaka Tephra). Near the KYN we correlate marine tephras with the Kos Plateau Tuff, the Yali 1 and Yali 2 tephras, and the Upper and Lower Pumice on Nisyros. Between these two major tephras, we found two tephras from Nisyros not yet observed on land. The four Nisyros tephras form a systematic trend toward more evolved magma compositions. In the companion paper we use the tephrostratigraphic framework established here to constrain new eruption ages and magnitudes as a contribution to volcanic hazard assessment.
Publisher: International Ocean Discovery Program
Date: 03-02-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2016
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 16-01-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2015
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1002/2017GC007100
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 11-2016
DOI: 10.1002/2016GC006503
Abstract: We studied the tephra inventory of 18 deep‐sea drill sites from six DSDP/ODP legs (Legs 84, 138, 170, 202, 205, and 206) and two IODP legs (Legs 334 and 344) offshore the southern Central American Volcanic Arc (CAVA). Eight drill sites are located on the incoming Cocos plate and 10 drill sites on the continental slope of the Caribbean plate. In total, we examined ∼840 ash‐bearing horizons and identified ∼650 of these as primary ash beds of which 430 originated from the CAVA. Correlations of ash beds were established between marine cores and with terrestrial tephra deposits, using major and trace element glass compositions with respect to relative stratigraphic order. As a prerequisite for marine‐terrestrial correlations, we present a new geochemical data set for significant Neogene and Quaternary Costa Rican tephras. Moreover, new Ar/Ar ages for marine tephras have been determined and marine ash beds are also dated using the pelagic sedimentation rates. The resulting correlations and provenance analyses build a tephrochronostratigraphic framework for Costa Rica and Nicaragua that covers the last Myr. We define 39 correlations of marine ash beds to specific tephra formations in Costa Rica and Nicaragua from the 4.15 Ma Lower Sandillal Ignimbrite to the 3.5 ka Rincón de la Vieja Tephra from Costa Rica, as well as another 32 widely distributed tephra layers for which their specific region of origin along Costa Rica and Nicaragua can be constrained.
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 04-03-2021
DOI: 10.5194/EGUSPHERE-EGU21-16327
Abstract: & & The climactic Los Chocoyos (LCY) rhyolitic eruption from Atitl& #225 n caldera (Guatemala) is a key chronostratigraphic marker for the Late Quaternary period that has been widely used for relative dating of paleoenvironmental, paleoclimate, and volcanic events throughout Central America and adjacent marine basins in the Pacific Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, and the Gulf of Mexico. Despite LCY tephra being an important marker horizon, a radioisotopic age for this eruption has remained elusive. LCY tephra has been dated at ca. 84 ka BP based on its occurrence in marine sediments with model & #948 & sup& & /sup& O ages, but this inferred age has not been independently confirmed through radioisotopic methods. This is due to the inherent limitations of radiocarbon dating (which is practically limited to & #706 ka) and a lack of suitable materials for & sup& & /sup& Ar/& sup& & /sup& Ar analysis in LCY tephra. To overcome this limitation, we applied & sup& & /sup& U-& sup& & /sup& Th and (U-Th)/He zircon double-dating (ZDD). Due to zircon being alteration-resistant this method establishes absolute chronologies for and correlations between silicic tephra deposits, which are unaffected by glass alteration or complex compositional signatures within a single eruption. & sup& & /sup& U-& sup& & /sup& Th zircon crystallization rim ages were obtained from LCY proximal tephras (~17 km from Atitl& #225 n caldera) including sub-units that may bear distinct glass compositions (e.g., fallout, ignimbrite, surge) as well as ultra-distal fallout tephra s les (~300 km from source) collected from drill cores at Pet& #233 n Itz& #225 Lake (ICDP) and the Pacific Ocean (IODP). All s les yielded zircon with statistically indistinguishable & sup& & /sup& U-& sup& & /sup& Th zircon rim age spectra. These reveal continuous zircon crystallization from ca. 160 ka to ca. 74 ka, with peaks in zircon crystallization between 90-100 ka. ZDD eruption ages from two LCY fallout and one ignimbrite deposit are indistinguishable with error-weighted averages of 75.1 & #177 3.2 ka (1& #963 n = 16 MSWD = 4.1), 76.0 & #177 2.5 ka (n = 16 MSWD = 2.5), and 72.8 & #177 3.5 ka (n = 16 MSWD = 3.7). Considering all in idual zircon results as a single population, a weighted average ZDD age of 74.8 & #177 1.7 (1& #963 n = 48 MSWD = 3.3) is obtained and considered as the best estimate for LCY eruption age. GIS-based reassessment of LCY eruptive volume uses thickness information from new 113 outcrops including 6& #8211 m thick pyroclastic density currents in Chiapas, Mexico (& km from the source) and suggests a minimum estimate volume of ~1200 km& sup& & /sup& , confirming the LCY eruption as the first& #8208 ever recognized supereruption in Central America. The new ZDD age of 74.8 & #177 1.7 ka for the LCY eruption is significantly younger than the commonly cited O-isotope stratigraphic age of 84 & #177 5 ka. This age is close to the voluminous (2,800-5,600 km& sup& & /sup& ) Young Toba Tuff (YTT) supereruption at ca. 73.8 & #177 0.3 ka from Toba Caldera, Indonesia. Both YTT and LCY eruptions have been previously linked to prominent Quaternary climate excursions. Based on the new LCY eruption age, climate-forcing effects that are usually attributed to YTT may in fact be exacerbated by another supereruption occurring within a short time window of the YTT event.& &
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-01-2021
DOI: 10.1002/JQS.3265
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2015
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 11-2018
DOI: 10.1029/2018GC007832
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 03-03-2021
DOI: 10.5194/EGUSPHERE-EGU21-3277
Abstract: & & The Hellenic arc hosts several active volcanic centers, of which the Milos, Santorini-Kolumbo and Kos-Yali-Nisyros volcanic fields present particularly high threats due to recent unrest (2011-2012 and 1996-1997 at Santorini and Nisyros, respectively). These volcanic centers have repeatedly produced highly explosive eruptions (VEI 4 to 7) from ~360 ka into historic times. The marine tephra record provides information not only on the number of events, but also on their magnitudes and intensities inferred from tephra dispersal characteristics, and is thus essential to quantitatively assess future volcanic hazards and risks.& & & & Here we complement earlier work on distal to ultra-distal east-Mediterranean sediment cores, which captured the largest eruptions. We present results from a grid of medial to distal sediment cores collected in 2017 during RV Poseidon cruise POS513 with core positions both comparatively close to and between the three volcanic fields, in order to record medium- to large-scale eruptions.& & & & During this cruise, 47 gravity cores up to 7.4 m long, and 3 box cores of the uppermost 0.5 m sediment were recovered, which contain more than 220 primary ash layers. The compositions of glass shards from all layers were characterized by major (EMP) and trace-element (LA-ICPMS) analyses.& & & & Geochemical fingerprinting supports correlations with 20 eruptions from all three volcanic fields as well as with the 39 ka C anian ignimbrite eruption from the C i Flegrei, Italy. Correlations with eleven eruptions from Santorini-Kolumbo (Kameni, Kolumbo 1650, Minoan, Cape Riva, Cape Tripiti, Upper Scoria 1 and 2, Middle Pumice, Cape Thera, Lower Pumice, Cape Therma 3) are established, and we newly identify two widespread tephras from eruptions on Milos (Lower and Upper Firiplaka). We have probably been able to solve some previous chronostratigraphic problems at Kos-Yali-Nisyros by correlating marine tephras with the Kos Plateau Tuff, and with the Yali 2 tephra, whereby we identify a second, less evolved facies produced by that eruption that has not yet been recognized on land. We also find tephras from four eruptions on Nisyros (Nisyros 1 to 4) including the previously established Lower (Nisyros 4) and Upper (Nisyros1) Nisyros Pumice eruptions.& & & & These correlations also provide new age constraints for hitherto poorly or non-dated Aegean tephras based on sedimentation rates derived between multiple anchor points of dated terrestrial tephra ages. We deduce ages of ~22 ka and ~36 ka for Upper and Lower Firiplaka tephras from Milos (the latter overlying the C anian ash) which are significantly younger than other eruption ages known from Milos, ~54 ka, ~62 ka, ~69 ka, and ~76 ka for the Nisyros 1 to 4 tephras, and ~52 ka for the Yali 1 tephra as well as a verified age of 33 ka for the Yali 2 tephra with its two contemporaneous facies.& & & & These new tephrostratigraphic results help to improve quantifications of distribution and eruption characteristics for all these eruptions, and provide important pre-site survey data for the Santorini IODP proposal VolTecArc.& &
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2016
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 05-2021
DOI: 10.1029/2020GC009507
Abstract: The Tierra Blanca (TB) eruptive suite comprises the last four major eruptions of Ilopango caldera in El Salvador (≤45 ka), including the youngest Tierra Blanca Joven eruption (TBJ ∼106 km 3 ): the most voluminous event during the Holocene in Central America. Despite the protracted and productive history of explosive silicic eruptions at Ilopango caldera, many aspects regarding the longevity and the prevailing physicochemical conditions of the underlying magmatic system remain unknown. Zircon 238 U‐ 230 Th geochronology of the TB suite (TBJ, TB2, TB3, and TB4) reveals a continuous and overlapping crystallization history among in idual eruptions, suggesting persistent melt presence in thermally and compositionally distinct magma reservoirs over the last ca. 80 kyr. The longevity of zircon is in contrast to previously determined crystallization timescales of kyr for major mineral phases in TBJ. This dichotomy is explained by a process of rhyolitic melt segregation from a crystal‐rich refractory residue that incorporates zircon, whereas a new generation of major mineral phases crystallized shortly before eruption. Ti‐in‐zircon temperatures and hibole geothermobarometry suggest that rhyolitic melt was extracted from different storage zones of the magma reservoir as indicated by distinct but synchronous thermochemical zircon histories among the TB suite eruptions. Zircon from TBJ and TB2 suggests magma differentiation within deeper and hotter parts of the reservoir, whereas zircon from TB3 and TB4 instead hints at crystallization in comparatively shallower and cooler domains. The assembly of the voluminous TBJ magma reservoir was also likely enhanced by cannibalization of hydrothermally altered components as suggested by low‐δ 18 O values in zircon (+4.5 ± 0.3‰).
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Date: 07-2015
DOI: 10.1130/G36645.1
Location: Brazil
Location: No location found
Start Date: 10-2023
End Date: 10-2026
Amount: $475,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2021
End Date: 2024
Funder: Marsden Fund
View Funded Activity