ORCID Profile
0000-0001-8234-4007
Current Organisation
University of Southampton
Does something not look right? The information on this page has been harvested from data sources that may not be up to date. We continue to work with information providers to improve coverage and quality. To report an issue, use the Feedback Form.
Publisher: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research
Date: 07-2008
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-11-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2023
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-2012
Publisher: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research
Date: 27-07-2017
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 05-02-2019
Abstract: Using data from the GARFIELD ‐ AF (Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD –Atrial Fibrillation), we evaluated the impact of chronic kidney disease ( CKD ) stage on clinical outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation ( AF ). GARFIELD ‐ AF is a prospective registry of patients from 35 countries, including patients from Asia (China, India, Japan, Singapore, South Korea, and Thailand). Consecutive patients enrolled (2013–2016) were classified with no, mild, or moderate‐to‐severe CKD , based on the National Kidney Foundation's Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative guidelines. Data on CKD status and outcomes were available for 33 024 of 34 854 patients (including 9491 patients from Asia) 10.9% (n=3613) had moderate‐to‐severe CKD , 16.9% (n=5595) mild CKD , and 72.1% (n=23 816) no CKD . The use of oral anticoagulants was influenced by stroke risk (ie, post hoc assessment of CHA 2 DS 2 ‐ VAS c score), but not by CKD stage. The quality of anticoagulant control with vitamin K antagonists did not differ with CKD stage. After adjusting for baseline characteristics and antithrombotic use, both mild and moderate‐to‐severe CKD were independent risk factors for all‐cause mortality. Moderate‐to‐severe CKD was independently associated with a higher risk of stroke/systemic embolism, major bleeding, new‐onset acute coronary syndrome, and new or worsening heart failure. The impact of moderate‐to‐severe CKD on mortality was significantly greater in patients from Asia than the rest of the world ( P =0.001). In GARFIELD ‐ AF , moderate‐to‐severe CKD was independently associated with stroke/systemic embolism, major bleeding, and mortality. The effect of moderate‐to‐severe CKD on mortality was even greater in patients from Asia than the rest of the world. URL : www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT 01090362.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-04-2018
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 12-2008
DOI: 10.1353/SOF.0.0140
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 10-08-2015
Abstract: The role of union status, or whether people are married, cohabiting or single, is seldom considered in welfare state research. This perspective, however, is important, since many welfare state policies focus on marriage and do not apply to unmarried cohabitants. This lack of legal regulation may render cohabitants vulnerable in moments when state support is needed. Since cohabitation levels are increasing across Europe, understanding the role of union status in welfare state policies is increasingly important. By analysing data from the European Social Survey and a self-constructed policy database, we answer three questions: (1) How many couples live in cohabitation across 12 European countries today? (2) Which rights do they have in different policy areas? and (3) How many couples, therefore, are covered or fall outside the scope of policies in their country? We find that cohabitation is often, but not always, more strongly regulated in countries with high cohabitation levels, leaving more cohabitants legally unprotected in some countries than in others.
Publisher: Osterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Verlag
Date: 09-03-2023
DOI: 10.1553/P-AZCJ-D4F4
Abstract: In February 2022, Russia invaded Ukraine, leading to severe population loss as millions exited the country and casualties mounted. However, population decline in Ukraine had been occurring for decades due to the triple burden of depopulation: low fertility, high mortality and substantial emigration. Ukraine had also already experienced years of armed conflict and large-scale displacement after the Russian-backed separatist movement, which started in 2014. This study investigates perspectives on depopulation using online focus groups conducted in July 2021, seven months before the current invasion. We compared discussions in eastern Ukraine, including in rural villages, the IDP-receiving city of Mariupol, the large city of Kharkiv and occupied Donetsk. Participants observed that cities were growing at the expense of rural areas. The situation in Donetsk was bleak due to mass emigration, but some participants pointed to a recent increase in births. Overall, the participants acknowledged the triple burden of depopulation in Ukraine, and the consequences of population decline, such as a shrinking labour force and rapid ageing.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2023
Publisher: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research
Date: 07-07-2015
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 11-08-2016
DOI: 10.1093/SF/SOW054
Publisher: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research
Date: 15-07-2015
Publisher: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research
Date: 02-10-2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2006
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 06-2012
DOI: 10.1093/SF/SOR043
Publisher: Duke University Press
Date: 11-01-2011
DOI: 10.1007/S13524-010-0001-4
Abstract: Using retrospective union, birth, and education histories that span 1980–2003, this study investigates nonmarital childbearing in contemporary Russia. We employ a combination of methods to decompose fertility rates by union status and analyze the processes that lead to a nonmarital birth. We find that the increase in the percentage of nonmarital births was driven mainly by the growing proportion of women who cohabit before conception, not changing fertility behavior of cohabitors or changes in union behavior after conception. The relationship between education and nonmarital childbearing has remained stable: the least-educated women have the highest birth rates within cohabitation and as single mothers, primarily because of their lower probability of legitimating a nonmarital conception. These findings suggest that nonmarital childbearing Russia has more in common with the pattern of disadvantage in the United States than with the second demographic transition. We also find several aspects of nonmarital childbearing that neither of these perspectives anticipates.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-01-2023
DOI: 10.1111/JOMF.12906
Abstract: This study evaluates the role of objective and subjective measures of economic uncertainty, as well as furlough schemes, on changes in couples' relationships during the first lockdown in the UK. Most theories of relationship quality argue that economic uncertainty strains intimate relationships, leading to a deterioration in relationship quality. Few studies capture such an intense period of economic uncertainty, and the role of government policy to mitigate the impact of the economic crisis. The study employs the UK Household Longitudinal Covid‐19 surveys conducted in April–June 2020. Using multinomial logit regression models ( N = 5792), we examine how self‐reported change in relationship quality is associated with socioeconomic status, subjective financial uncertainty, and change in employment situation, especially for those furloughed through the UK government's Employment Protection Scheme. The study finds that 8% of in iduals reported a decline in their couple relationship quality, but 19% reported improvements. Those with higher education and household earnings were more likely to experience improvements in relationship quality. Reduced work hours or job loss was not associated with changes in relationship, although expecting a worse future financial situation was. Furlough was strongly associated with improvements in relationships, and furloughed men were slightly more likely to report an improvement in their relationships than women. Although prior research has found that economic uncertainty is detrimental to relationships, employment protection schemes seem to have mitigated some of the worst effects on families.
Publisher: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research
Date: 12-11-2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-08-2014
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-2005
DOI: 10.1080/0032472052000332700
Abstract: The phenomenon of lowest-low fertility, defined as total fertility below 1.3, is now emerging throughout Europe and is attributed by many to postponement of the initiation of childbearing. Here an investigation of the case of Ukraine, where total fertility--1.1 in 2001--is one of the world's lowest, shows that there is more than one pathway to lowest-low fertility. Although Ukraine has undergone immense political and economic transformations in the past decade, it has maintained a young age at first birth and nearly universal childbearing. Analyses of official national statistics and the Ukrainian Reproductive Health Survey show that fertility declined to very low levels without a transition to a later pattern of childbearing. Findings from focus-group interviews are used to suggest explanations of the early fertility pattern. These include the persistence of traditional norms for childbearing and the roles of men and women, concerns about medical complications and infertility at a later age, and the link between early fertility and early marriage.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-01-2019
Publisher: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research
Date: 09-10-0006
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-2010
DOI: 10.1111/J.1728-4457.2010.00357.X
Abstract: Nearly every European Country has experienced some increase in nonmarital childbearing, largely due to increasing births within cohabitation. Relatively few studies in Europe, however, investigate the educational gradient of childbearing within cohabitation or how it changed over time. Using retrospective union and fertility histories, we employ competing risk hazard models to examine the educational gradient of childbearing in cohabitation in eight countries across europe. In all countries studied, birth risks within cohabitation demonstrated a negative educational gradient. When directly comparing cohabiting fertility with marital fertility, the negative educational gradient persists in all countries except Italy, although differences were not significant in Austria, France, and West Germany. To explain these findings, we present an alternative explanation for the increase in childbearing within cohabitation that goes beyond the explanation of the Second Demographic Transition and provides a new interpretation of the underlying mechanisms that may influence childbearing within cohabitation.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-07-2017
DOI: 10.1111/JOMF.12431
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-01-2021
DOI: 10.1111/PADR.12384
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-2017
DOI: 10.1111/PADR.12063
Publisher: Duke University Press
Date: 09-07-2019
DOI: 10.1007/S13524-019-00792-4
Abstract: Many studies have found that married people have higher subjective well-being than those who are not married. Yet the increase in cohabitation raises questions as to whether only marriage has beneficial effects. In this study, we examine differences in subjective well-being between cohabiting and married men and women in midlife, comparing the United Kingdom, Australia, Germany, and Norway. We apply propensity score–weighted regression analyses to examine selection processes into marriage and differential treatment bias. We find no differences between cohabitation and marriage for men in the United Kingdom and Norway, and women in Germany. However, we do find significant differences for men in Australia and women in Norway. The differences disappear after we control for selection in Australia, but they unexpectedly persist for Norwegian women, disappearing only when we account for relationship satisfaction. For German men and British and Australian women, those with a lower propensity to marry would benefit from marriage. Controls eliminate differences for German men, although not for U.K. women, but relationship satisfaction reduces differences. Overall, our study indicates that especially after selection and relationship satisfaction are taken into account, differences between marriage and cohabitation disappear in all countries. Marriage does not lead to higher subjective well-being instead, cohabitation is a symptom of economic and emotional strain.
Publisher: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research
Date: 25-08-2015
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 19-10-2021
DOI: 10.1080/00324728.2021.1984549
Abstract: The increases in cohabitation and in childbearing within cohabitation raise questions about who marries. Most studies have found that childbearing within cohabitation is associated with disadvantage here, we examine the role of relationship happiness and whether it helps to explain this association. Using the UK Household Longitudinal Study (2009-17), our competing risk hazard models follow respondents as they transition: (1) from cohabitation into marriage or childbearing and (2) from marriage or cohabitation into childbearing. We find that marriage risks are highest among in iduals who are happiest with their relationship. On average, the association between relationship quality and childbearing operates through marriage: the happiest in iduals marry, and those who marry have children. While higher socio-economic status is weakly associated with marriage, conception, and separation, the associations do not differ by relationship happiness. The findings indicate that overall, relationship happiness appears to be most salient for transitions into marriage.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 30-09-2023
DOI: 10.1093/SF/SOAD124
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Start Date: 2018
End Date: 2019
Funder: Economic and Social Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2011
End Date: 2013
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2019
End Date: 2021
Funder: Economic and Social Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2011
End Date: 2016
Funder: European Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2014
End Date: 2018
Funder: Economic and Social Research Council
View Funded Activity