ORCID Profile
0000-0001-9472-1527
Current Organisation
Swinburne University of Technology
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Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2015
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 06-2014
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMR.974.141
Abstract: The potential of laser assisted Direct Metal Deposition (DMD) process, for creating structures from high strength steel alloys that can be used in engineering applications requiring high strength and greater ductility in combination with high hardness is investigated. Due to increasing interest in metallic honeycomb and sandwiched structures, solid and porous specimens are prepared and examined in similar conditions. Specimen using two different powders of 316L stainless steel and H13 tool steel alloy are generated by DMD cladding on mild steel plates as substrates. The parts are tested under quasi static compressive loading and curves plotted and analysed for stress vs. strain behaviour. The results indicate that at low laser power, solid and porous steel structures with yield strength and ductility comparable to commercial grades can be produced. Porous structures show excellent characteristics suitable for applications in newly developing field of metallic honeycombs and sandwiched structures. Low modulus of elasticity is a matter of concern, but it can be improved by heat treatment.
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 06-2010
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/MSF.654-656.2556
Abstract: Knowledge of the mechanical properties of parts processed by Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) rapid prototyping process is essential for engineering applications of such parts as the mechanical strength of parts depends heavily on the FDM process parameters selected during part fabrication. Little knowledge is available for the Polycarbonate (PC) material used in the FDM systems. This paper presents results of the experimental work on the effect of the FDM process parameters such as air gap, raster width, and raster angle on the tensile properties of PC. Results show that FDM made parts have tensile strength in the range of 70 to 75 % of the moulded and extruded PC parts. The results will be valuable for different functional applications of FDM produced parts and assemblies.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2017
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 10-2014
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMR.1044-1045.31
Abstract: Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) of thermoplastic materials is generally a well-known technology among all additive manufacturing (AM) technologies and therefore, it is essential to investigate the mechanical properties of such FDM processed materials. Several open-source and low cost AM machines, known as 3D Printers, have recently been developed using thermoplastic extrusion process based on the original FDM technology. Many of these 3D Printers use Polylactic Acid (PLA) plastic for building parts. The main objective of this paper is to investigate the tensile properties of the PLA thermoplastic material processed by the Cube-2 3D Printer. In this study, the dog-bone sized PLA specimens are printed in different build orientations and a Zwick Z010 tensile testing machine is used to determine the tensile properties of PLA in different build orientation.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2006
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2004
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 20-06-2017
Abstract: Fused deposition modeling (FDM) has become an increasingly important process among the available additive manufacturing technologies in various industries. Although there are many advantages of FDM process, a downside of its industrial application is the attainable dimensional accuracy with tight tolerance without compromising the mechanical performance. This paper aims to study the effects of six FDM operating parameters on two conflicting responses, namely, dynamic stiffness and dimensional stability of FDM produced PC-ABS parts. This study also aims to determine the optimal process settings using graphical optimization that satisfy the dynamic mechanical properties without compromising the dimensional accuracy. The regression models based upon IV-optimal response surface methodology are developed to study the variation of dimensional accuracy and dynamic mechanical properties with changes in process parameter settings. Statistical analysis was conducted to establish the relationships between process variables and dimensional accuracy and dynamic stiffness. Analysis of variance is used to define the level of significance of the FDM operating parameters. Scanning electron microscope and Leica MZ6 optical microscope are used to examine and characterize the morphology of the structures for some specimens. Experimental results highlight the in idual and interaction effects of processing conditions on the dynamic stiffness and part accuracy. The results showed that layer thickness (slice height), raster-to-raster air gap and number of outlines have the largest effect on the dynamic stiffness and dimensional accuracy. The results also showed an interesting phenomenon of the effect of number of contours and the influence of other process parameters. The optimal process conditions for highest mechanical performance and part accuracy are obtained. The effect of FDM processing parameters on the properties under dynamic and cyclic loading conditions has not been studied in the previous published work. Furthermore, simultaneous optimization of dynamic mechanical properties without compromising the dimensional accuracy has also been investigated. On the basis of experimental findings, it is possible to provide practical suggestions to set the optimal FDM process parameters in relation to dynamic mechanical performance, as well as the dimensional accuracy.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2003
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 07-2012
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMR.548.456
Abstract: In sheet metal forming, springback is defined as an elastic material recovery after unloading of the forming tools. Springback causes variations and inconsistencies of final part dimensions. Therefore prediction of springback is very important for production of precise products used in automobile and aerospace industries. There are various parameters involved in the process of sheet metal forming, including Young’s modulus, coefficient of friction, Poisson’s ratio, blank thickness, blank length, die radius, punch radius and blank holder force. The aim of this paper is to investigate the springback of a U-channel part by finite element analysis (FEA) and to identify the influences of important parameters on the springback of advanced high strength steels (AHSS) using numerical simulation.
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 11-2011
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMR.403-408.3953
Abstract: In automated manufacturing palletising operations, the Pallet Loading Problem (PLP) usually deals with generating optimal pallet patterns of placing boxes on a rectangular pallet. For a given pattern, the boxes can be placed in different set of sequences each affecting efficiency and productivity of robotic palletisation. Therefore, merely getting an optimal pallet pattern does not guarantee an optimal pattern placement strategy. Very few published literature is available to address this problem, and so there is a need to develop a methodology that considers the palletisers physical characteristics and limitations in robotic palletising systems. This paper presents development of an algorithm to determine the placement sequence in robotic pallet pattern formation with the aim of improving the operational efficiency in robotic palletisation.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-07-2017
DOI: 10.1002/AJH.24844
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2002
Publisher: American Society of Hematology
Date: 05-07-2018
DOI: 10.1182/BLOOD-2018-02-830562
Abstract: This comprehensive comparison of the genetic subtypes of hemochromatosis reveals more severe iron overload and disease in non-HFE forms. Arthropathy is more common in HFE-related hemochromatosis, suggesting that joint disease may not be associated with iron.
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 10-2012
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMR.576.216
Abstract: Electron beam melting (EBM) is a direct metal additive manufacturing technique which has been recently utilized for fabrication of biomedical implants. This paper represents an investigation into the mechanical properties of both as-built and hot isostatic pressing (HIP) processed s les manufactured in EBM process. The titanium alloy, Ti6Al4V was used, which is one of the most common materials for biomedical implants due to its high strength to weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and its biocompatibility features. Tensile properties, surface roughness, and Vickers microhardness have been investigated.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2004
Publisher: S. Karger AG
Date: 2002
DOI: 10.1159/000047826
Abstract: The human serine/threonine kinase hSGK1 is expressed ubiquitously with highest transcript levels in pancreas and liver. This study has been performed to determine the hSGK1 distribution in normal liver and its putative role in fibrosing liver disease. HSGK1-localization was determined by in situ hybridization, regulation of hSGK1-transcription by Northern blotting, fibronectin synthesis and hSGK1 phosphorylation by Western blotting. In normal liver hSGK1 was mainly transcribed by Kupffer cells. In liver tissue from patients with chronic viral hepatitis, hSGK1 transcript levels were excessively high in numerous activated Kupffer cells and inflammatory cells localized within fibrous septum formations. HSGK1 transcripts were also detected in activated hepatic stellate cells. Accordingly, Western blotting revealed that tissue from fibrotic liver expresses excessive hSGK1 protein as compared to normal liver. TGF-beta1 (2 ng/ml) increases hSGK1 transcription in both human U937 macro-phages and HepG2 hepatoma cells. H(2)O(2) (0.3 mM) activated hSGK1 and increased fibronectin formation in HepG2 cells overexpressing hSGK1 but not in HepG2 cells expressing the inactive mutant hSGK1(K127R). In conclusion hSGK1 is upregulated by TGF-beta1 during hepatitis and may contribute to enhanced matrix formation during fibrosing liver disease.
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2014
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 03-2014
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMM.541-542.160
Abstract: Electron beam melting (EBM) has been recognized as a revolutionary manufacturing process. This layer-by-layer additive manufacturing process has shown great promise for fabrication of biomedical implants and aerospace components. This paper represents an investigation into the particle size distribution, morphology and flow-ability of Ti6Al4V powder used in EBM process. The effect of recycling of the powder on the chemical properties has been investigated. Results show that recycling increases the weight percentage of interstitial elements. The flow-ability and apparent density of the powder were measured before and after recycling process and no change was observed.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 04-11-2016
DOI: 10.3390/MA9110895
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-02-2016
DOI: 10.1002/APP.43250
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-12-2011
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 05-2013
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMR.699.813
Abstract: 3D Printing is one of the few powder-bed type rapid prototyping (RP) technologies, which allows fabrication of parts using powder materials. Understanding of mechanical properties of 3D parts made by this process is essential to explore more applications of this technology. In general, the mechanical properties of many RP produced parts depend on the process parameters andalso on post-processing methods of that RP process. Very few studies have been made to characterize the mechanical properties of 3D Printing processed parts. This paper presents an experimental investigation on how tensile properties of parts fabricated by 3D Printing is affected by 3D Printing build orientation, and by post-processing methods of infiltration process and drying of parts. Results obtained forvarious parameters are compared to investigate the optimum procedure to achieve the highest tensile strength using ZP150 powder material.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-2015
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 19-11-2001
DOI: 10.1117/12.454605
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 07-08-2007
DOI: 10.1108/01445150710763231
Abstract: This paper seeks to present an investigation on building controlled drug delivery device (DDD) matrix using fused deposition modelling (FDM) rapid prototyping (RP) process. The focus of the study is on the effect of FDM fabricated macro‐features of reservoir‐matrix DDD models on the drug release rates through the diffusion process. Using various parameters involved with FDM, polymeric DDD matrices with different macro‐features are designed and fabricated on the FDM3000 machine. Experiments are conducted to study the release characteristics and porosity of the fabricated models with a model drug and to see how they are affected by FDM build parameters. Experimental results show that FDM parameters, raster gap and raster angle, play significant roles in controlling the structure and drug release characteristics of the FDM fabricated DDDs. The experimental observations reveal that appropriate FDM parameters can be selected to fabricate controlled DDD device with desired release rate of drug and the desired period of operation of the device. The paper introduces a novel application of FDM RP system in the development and fabrication of polymeric controlled DDDs. The controlled release of drugs is an important area in which RP techniques can be successfully used in developing models of release matrix for DDDs with added benefits of accuracy, uniformity and low costs compared with conventional methods.
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 16-03-2001
DOI: 10.1117/12.418747
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 19-11-2001
DOI: 10.1117/12.454606
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2018
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 05-2011
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMR.230-232.949
Abstract: Laser cladding is a thermal process for depositing a metallic alloy on to a parent metal to repair corrosion, erosion, wear or other physical damage. The present work studies the effects of the laser cladding process on the integrity of metal substrates and the bond between the cladding layer and the base metal. It also evaluates some physical characteristics of the cladding layer, in this case grade 420 stainless steel. The research compares the work with Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding and concludes that, due to the small size of the heat-affected zone, this laser cladding process does not adversely affect the physical properties of the metallic substrates.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-06-2010
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2018
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 26-09-2020
DOI: 10.3390/MA13194301
Abstract: Selective laser melting (SLM) is a powder bed fusion type metal additive manufacturing process which is being applied to manufacture highly customised and value-added parts in biomedical, defence, aerospace, and automotive industries. Aluminium alloy is one of the widely used metals in manufacturing parts in SLM in these sectors due to its light weight, high strength, and corrosion resistance properties. Parts used in such applications can be subjected to severe dynamic loadings and high temperature conditions in service. It is important to understand the mechanical response of such products produced by SLM under different loading and operating conditions. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the latest research carried out in understanding the mechanical properties of aluminium alloys processed by SLM under static, dynamic, different build orientations, and heat treatment conditions with the aim of identifying research gaps and future research directions.
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 07-2017
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 19-02-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-1999
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 12-2009
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMR.83-86.269
Abstract: In tissue engineering (TE), a porous scaffold structure of biodegradable material is required as a template to guide the proliferation, growth and development of cells appropriately in three dimensions. The scaffold must meet design requirements of appropriate porosity, pore size and interconnected structure to allow cell proliferation and adhesion. This paper presents a methodology for design and manufacture of TE scaffolds with varying porosity by employing open structure building units and Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) rapid prototyping technique. A computer modeling approach for constructing and assembly of three-dimensional unit cell structure is presented to provide a solution of scaffolds design that can potentially meet the erse requirements of TE applications. A parametric set of open polyhedral unit cells is used to assist the user in designing the required micro-architecture of the scaffold with required porosity and pore size and then the Boolean operation is used to create the scaffold of a given CAD model from the designed microstructure. The procedure is verified by fabrication of physical scaffolds using the commercial FDM system.
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 07-2011
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMR.291-294.381
Abstract: Springback is one of main reason for inaccuracy of sheet metal formed product. Therefore prediction of springback is very important for production of precise products. Springback is an elastic material recovery after unloading of the forming tools, and causes variations and inconsistencies of final part dimensions. This is affected by various parameters involved in the process of sheet metal forming. The main aim of this paper is to investigate the springback of finished part by analysing and controlling the effects of the control parameters on the springback of advanced high strength steels (AHSS). This is done by modelling a deep-drawing process and analysing the results as determined on ANSYS finite element analysis software.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-02-2009
DOI: 10.1002/APP.29576
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 05-2011
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMR.230-232.945
Abstract: This paper presents an investigation on laser direct metal deposition of tool steel on copper alloy substrate both directly and using high nickel stainless steel as buffer layer. The bond strength between the clad and the substrate has been investigated. Tensile testing was employed to measure the bond strength. The characteristics of the fracture surfaces have also been analyzed. Bond strength measurement revealed that the ultimate tensile strength of the substrate material was higher compared to the bond strength between the clad and the substrate. In addition, the experimental result revealed that use of high nickel stainless steel reduced the bond strength with substrate. However, the bond strength measured in this experiment between laser cladded tool steel and copper alloy substrate was much higher compared to the bond strength between these two metals coated using other techniques.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-07-2013
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 03-02-2017
DOI: 10.1002/HEP.29002
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 08-2013
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMR.748.291
Abstract: The mechanical properties of a product made in Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) rapid prototyping are strongly dependant on process parameters selected during part fabrication. Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) is a common material used in FDM systems. The advantages of ABS include high strength and rigidity with toughness and these properties make it one of the most common thermoplastics used in engineering applications. This paper describes an experimental investigation of dynamic stressstrain response of ABS parts made by fused deposition modelling for three different part build orientations. Currently there is limited research available for this aspect of ABS material processed by FDM systems. The high strain rate compression tests were performed using a Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar apparatus to determine the dynamic stress-strain response and results were compared with quasi-static behaviour of the same specimens.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-05-1999
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 11-2008
Abstract: A three-dimensional (3D) computational model of stenotic coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) system with fluid—structure interaction (FSI) using realistic physiological conditions is introduced. Unsteady pulsatile blood flow is applied to the wall of non-linear deformable arteries over the systolic period. In the analysis, the arbitrarily Lagrangian—Eulerian (ALE) formulation is used to couple the fluid region and solid domain. The method couples the equations of the deformation of the artery wall and applies them as the fluid domain boundary condition. The flow distribution and haemodynamic forces are presented in terms of velocity profiles and temporal and spatial wall shear stresses (WSSs) at the distal area. Rapid changes in the flow fields are observed in the early stages of the cardiac cycle, which alters the location of the recirculation zone from the toe to the host bed and then to the heel. The migration of the recirculation zone, considering the effect of deformability of the artery wall, indicates the same trend as the rigid wall model according to the location of low and high WSSs. However, the WSSs in the critical areas such as toe, heel, and suture lines are found to have dramatic drops in magnitudes in comparison with those of the rigid wall model. This could initiate the promotion of intimal hyperplasia (IH) and may cause an early graft failure in CABG.
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 09-2017
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 17-12-2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-04-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2017
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2009
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-03-2007
DOI: 10.1007/S00423-007-0174-5
Abstract: Clinically, the immunosuppressive drug sirolimus, used in organ transplantation, appears to impair wound healing. Little is known about the mechanisms of action. We investigated the effect of sirolimus on wound healing, and we analyzed the expression of stimulating mediators of angiogenesis (VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor) and collagen synthesis (nitric oxide) in wounds. Groups of ten rats underwent dorsal skin incision, and polyvinyl alcohol sponges were implanted subcutaneously. Beginning at the day of wounding, rats were treated with 0.5, 2.0, or 5.0 mg sirolimus/kg/day. Animals were killed 10 days later to determine wound breaking strength and reparative collagen deposition. Expression of VEGF and nitric oxide was studied in wounds. Splenic lymphocyte proliferative activity was significantly decreased by sirolimus (p < 0.05). Sirolimus levels in wound fluid were found to be approximately two- to fivefold higher than blood levels (p < 0.01). Sirolimus (2.0 and 5.0 mg kg(-1) day(-1)) reduced wound breaking strength (p < 0.01) and wound collagen deposition (p < 0.05). This was paralleled by decreased expression of VEGF and nitric oxide in wounds. Experimentally, our data show that sirolimus impairs wound healing, and this is reflected by diminished expression of VEGF and nitric oxide in the wound.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-02-2016
Publisher: Mary Ann Liebert Inc
Date: 06-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2009
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 09-2016
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 09-2011
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMR.337.350
Abstract: Advanced high strength steels (AHSS) are increasingly utilised in sheet metal st ing in the automotive manufacture. In comparison with conventional steels, AHSS st ings produce higher contact pressures at the interface between the tool-workpiece interface, leading to more severe wear conditions, particularly at the draw die radius. To minimise tool wear using this approach it would be necessary to optimise the shape for a particular combination of circular and high elliptical profiles. This paper presents a methodology to optimise a die radius profile. For this, a specialised software routine is developed and compiled for optimisation of die radius profiles to minimise or achieve uniform contact pressure (wear distribution) using Python computer programming language supported by Abaqus software. A detailed algorithm for the optimisation is explained. A case study based on the algorithm is also discussed.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-05-2008
DOI: 10.1002/APP.28378
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 19-01-2010
DOI: 10.1108/13552541011011695
Abstract: Recent advancement in fused deposition modelling (FDM) rapid prototyping technology has made it a viable technology for application in reconstructive surgery. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the errors generated during the fabrication stage of complex anatomical replicas derived from computed tomography coupled with the technique of FDM. An evaluation on the errors generated during the fabrication process of two anatomical parts (skull or mandible) for different human sizes (infant, female or male) is carried out. A comparison between the linear measurements of 11 landmarks on the virtual model of a skull and nine for the mandible of patient specific and its replica is conducted. Furthermore, eight landmarks are chosen to evaluate the bone thickness variation over the fabricated replicas. Although the FDM technology proved the ability to manufacture and to fit prosthesis to a patient's unique proportions quickly and with relatively low cost, the model accuracy is a key factor to the applicability of such technology. The results show undersized replicas with an overall absolute average deviation of 0.24 per cent with an average standard deviation of 0.16 per cent of the skull models and 0.22 per cent with a 0.11 per cent standard deviation of the mandibles. Furthermore, a high level of accuracy is reflected in the representation of the measured bone thickness with deviations in the order of 100th of a millimetre being reported. The paper demonstrates an outstanding accuracy using FDM process for the fabrication of anatomical replicas using models of different human sizes and gender in comparison to other established rapid prototyping techniques.
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 25-09-2009
DOI: 10.1108/01445150910987790
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the static behavior of different type of butt joints for application in a timber sofa furniture frame. In timber sofa structure, butt joints are commonly used between plywood and hardwood members but they are normally designed without any regard to the effect of grain directions of the wood members on the joint strength. The focus of the paper is to look at the effect of grain directions on the wooden member properties and on the strength of the butt joint in order to understand the failure mode to establish a more durable and effective sofa butt joint than the one normally used by the manufacturers. Experiment tests are conducted to determine the mechanical properties of joint members, the maximum load‐carrying capacity of the butt joints, and the types of the failure in the joints in relation to different grain orientations under transverse loading conditions. Plywood and hardwood members are used in construction of the joint tests. Four types of butt joints are constructed with different condition of grain orientation, glue, and screw used in the joint members. The specimens are tested by fixing the plywood member and applying a transverse load to the hardwood member to simulate the conditions in the sofa frame. Result shows that butt joint with vertical grain orientation and joint with two screws and glue have the maximum load‐carrying capacity compared to the other three cases and compared to the current joint type used in the existing sofa frame design. The paper is of value to furniture manufacturing industry, in which furniture members and joints are usually over‐designed without regard to grain orientations or applying sound engineering techniques.
Publisher: Author(s)
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1063/1.4990224
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2017
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2017
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 2007
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2018
Publisher: Springer US
Date: 2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2018
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 17-10-2017
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of process parameters of fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D printing process on viscoelastic responses (creep compliance and recoverable compliance) of FDM built parts using a novel experimental design technique. As part of the process characterization, a recently developed class of three-level design methodology – definitive screening design (DSD) – was used in this study to fit a second-order polynomial regression model. Artificial neural network (ANN) was also used to determine the optimal process parameters to improve creep compliance and recoverable compliance. The relationship between layer thickness, air gap, raster angle, build orientation, road width, number of contours and creep performance of FDM fabricated part was thereafter established empirically. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to examine and characterize the morphology of the structures for some s les. This study found that the creep resistance of FDM-manufactured part is significantly influenced by layer thickness, air gap, raster angle and number of contours and it can be improved by optimizing the settings of the selected parameters. The relationship between FDM process parameters and creep properties was determined, with the best creep performance observed by using 0.127 mm of layer thickness, zero air gap, zero raster angle, build orientation of 17.188°, road width of 0.4572 mm and 10 contours. Finally, the result is verified by confirmation experiments. The results prove that a DSD is a very effective design in characterizing the influence of process parameters on creep properties of FDM-built part at the lowest cost. The originality of this paper lies in characterizing and optimizing the effect of process parameters on creep performance of FDM manufactured part that has not been studied in all previous studies. The paper highlights, for the first time, how the application of DSD can overcome most of the limitations encountered in the conventional techniques. This study can be used as a guide to the different additive manufacturing users of various industries and the results provide a good technical database on how FDM process parameters influence the creep performance of manufactured parts.
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 10-2012
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMR.576.789
Abstract: The simulation of residual stress in Electron Beam Melting (EBM) process is critical for optimization of process conditions. However, there is no published literature on the simulation of residual stresses in this process. This paper considers finite element modeling of the temperature distribution through transient thermal analysis. The measured temperature and total heat flux from transient thermal analysis are then used as initial input parameters to the structural analysis. Consequently, deformations and residual stresses in structural analysis were measured. The titanium alloy, Ti6Al4V has been used, which is one of the most common materials for biomedical implants due to its high strength to weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and its biocompatibility features.
Publisher: SAE International
Date: 28-09-1999
DOI: 10.4271/1999-01-3368
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-01-2018
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-02-2018
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-09-2017
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.1109/CGIV.2006.35
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 08-2008
DOI: 10.1108/01445150810889501
Abstract: Combination of advanced imaging, designing and manufacturing techniques has been rapidly developed in recent years for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes for medical devices. The purpose of this paper is to present a methodology for design and fabrication procedure of medical models using computer‐aided design (CAD) and fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique for application in the mandibular reconstructive surgery. Case studies of patients with mandibular defects are examined using CAD model construction including data acquisition from computerized tomography scan and data processing. Furthermore, the effect of advanced manufacturing parameters settings in FDM methodology is investigated. The models were used in assisting the surgeons in their reconstruction planning. A significant improvement regarding the success and convenience in surgery planning been reported. This paper explores the application and viability of FDM rapid prototyping technology for fabrication of complex mandibular models used for reconstructive surgery.
Publisher: ASMEDC
Date: 2008
Abstract: In this study, hemodynamic forces in a three-dimensional (3D) computational model of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) with deformable and rigid walls were compared. A physiologic pulsatile non-Newtonian blood flow was considered in the arteries for both models. The artery walls in the distensible model were considered to be hyper-elastic with nonlinear strain dependent Young’s module and axial and radial degrees of freedom, while the deformability in all directions of the rigid model was restricted. The velocity distributions and magnitudes, vortex motions and the occurrence of recirculation zones were selected as the primary hemodynamic parameters in order to show the effect of deformability in the arterial wall and in calculating differences versus the rigid wall model. It was found that during systolic, the velocity magnitude at the host artery bed could vary by up to 80% depending on the longitudinal distance from the center of the anastomosis junction.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-07-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-01-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2005
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2016
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 10-2012
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMR.576.141
Abstract: This paper investigates the capabilities of Direct Metal Deposition (DMD) process, which is a novel additive manufacturing technique, for creating structures that can be used as bone implants. Emphasis is on the use of bio-compatible metals, because metals are the most suitable materials in terms of mechanical strength when the requirement arises for supporting and replacing the load bearing bones and joints such as hip and knee. Specimens using two different metal powders, 41C stainless steel and Ti6Al4V titanium alloy, are generated by DMD process on mild steel and titanium plates as substrates respectively. Metallographic s les were made from the cladding, and tested for surface roughness and micro-hardness. The results indicate that at low laser power, hard and strong structures with good porosity can be successfully created using the DMD system.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2017
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications Ltd.
Date: 09-02-2008
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-05-2013
DOI: 10.1002/APP.37575
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 09-12-2022
Abstract: In this study, a eutectic gallium–indium (EGaIn) alloy and graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs) were employed as reinforcements for a comonomer vinyl ester (cVE) resin at different weight fractions up to 2% via a direct polymerization process. First, the effect of EGaIn on the curing kinetics of cVE was evaluated. The thermal and mechanical properties, and the fracture toughness of two types of cVE composites consisting of EGaIn and GnPs were then studied. The results showed that sub-micron sized EGaIn (≤1 wt.%) could promote the curing reaction of cVE without changing the curing mechanism. However, with further increases in EGaIn loading between 1 and 2 wt.%, the curing reaction rate tends to decrease. Both EGaIn and GnPs showed a significant enhancement in strengthening and toughening the cVE matrix with the presence of filler loading up to 1 wt.%. EGaIn was more effective than GnPs in promoting the flexural and impact strength. An increase of up to 50% and 32% were recorded for these mechanical properties, when EGaln was used, as compared to 46%, and 18% for GnPs, respectively. In contrast, the GnPs/cVE composites exhibited a greater improvement in the fracture toughness and fracture energy by up to 50% and 56% in comparison with those of the EGaIn/cVE ones by up to 32% and 39%, respectively. Furthermore, the stiffness of both the EgaIn/cVE and GnPs/cVE composites showed a significant improvement with an increase of up to 1.76 and 1.83 times in the normalized storage modulus, respectively, while the glass transition temperature (Tg) values remained relatively constant. This work highlights the potential of EGaIn being employed as a filler in creating high-performance thermoset composites, which facilitates its widening applications in many structural and engineering fields, where both higher toughness and stiffness are required.
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 06-2011
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMR.264-265.433
Abstract: In an injection moulded part, warpage is the distortion caused by non-uniform shrinkage within the plastic part. When looking critically at the causes of warpage, it is found that several key parameters of the moulding process have some effect on the warpage. However, the two major categories that contribute to warpage include the part design and the mould design. In mould design, the gate location, runner/gate system and cooling system design are the major factors affecting not only the warpage and part quality but also the injection moulding cycle time. This paper presents an investigation of using different cooling system configuration on warpage and shrinkage of an industrial plastic part with the aim of determining which cooling configuration will provide minimum warpage and cycle time. As conventional injection mould cooling design is based on straight drilling, it limits the geometric complexity of the cooling design, especially curved shape cooling channels. Nowadays, new technology of advanced rapid tooling based on solid freeform fabrications can be been used to provide conformal cooling channels in injection moulds. In this paper, several type of cooling channels are analysed to compare the performance in terms of warpage and shrinkage and to determine which configuration is suitable for minimizing warpage. Autodesk Moldflow Insight (AMI) simulation software is applied to examine the results of the cooling performances and warpage analysis.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-05-2001
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-0004
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-12-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2002
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 12-2014
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMM.467.198
Abstract: In the present study, the mechanical properties of recycled ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA)/commingled thermoplastic polymer (CTP) composite material are investigated. The recycled CTP was blended with recycled EVA at different fractions by weight to form CTP/EVA composites.Test specimens of CTP/EVA composites were produced using compression moulding process to evaluate their mechanical properties. The results of tensile testing showed that the incorporation of EVA into CTP resulted in reduction of tensile strength but increase in elongation at break. In addition, the impact testing and flexural testing also showed that there is a general decrease in impact and flexural strength and also in flexural deformation, with increased percentage of EVA into the composite materials.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2017
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 08-2014
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMR.83-86.275
Abstract: In the recent years the rapid prototyping technology has become increasingly important as a manufacturing method for many medical devices. Although the advantage of such technology is evident, a precise presentation of the actual anatomical parts as well as shape accuracy and surface quality is a major indicator for choosing the best technique. In this paper, evaluation and validation of the shape accuracy of fabricated models using Fused Deposition Modelling technique is presented. The surface deviation between anatomical models (a mandible) derived from Computed Tomography and their virtual presentation was investigated. A high level of conformity with regard to the surface feature of the anatomical part was observed. Furthermore, surface deviations in the range of ±0.5 mm with an absolute mean deviation of 0.159 mm for the model were reported. The surface accuracies suggest that the reproduction of complex anatomical structures by FDM could potentially be used for surgical planning, custom-made implants and for surgical anatomy teaching.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-08-2002
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 04-2014
Abstract: – This paper presents an investigation on the development of different pattern placement strategies in robotic palletisation of box packages in the packaging industry with practical implementations for one, two, four and five block patterns with the aim of improving the operational efficiency in robotic palletisation. – The work involves considering the gripper design and maximum number of picks and various process parameters that affect the robotic implementation of pallet patterns and develops a methodology to form different patterns for a given pallet size. – The proposed methodology represents an efficient approach for pallet pattern implementation and results in reduced number of placements required for a given number of boxes per layer and reduced time for palletisation. – The paper introduces a novel technique for pallet loading problem (PLP) considering the physical aspects and restrictions encountered when using the robot and the gripper size to generate the pattern on the pallet. Traditional solutions of PLP do not consider these aspects in pattern placements.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2027
Publisher: Science Publications
Date: 2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2017
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 06-2010
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/MSF.654-656.346
Abstract: Advanced high strength steels (AHSS) are increasingly used in sheet metal st ing in the automotive industry. In comparison with conventional steels, advanced high strength steel (AHSS) st ings produce higher contact pressures at the interface between draw die and sheet metal blank, resulting in more severe wear conditions, particularly at the draw die radius. The prediction of tool wear patterns for sheet metal st ing die is a highly challenging task as there are many control parameters involved in the production. This paper presents a numerical simulation methodology to analyse the influences of various control parameters on tool wear patterns of a sheet metal st ing die with different die radius arc profiles. The results of tool wear patterns provide informative guidelines for on-site production.
Publisher: Production Engineering Institute (PEI), Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
Date: 09-09-2016
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-2002
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2017
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 06-2010
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/MSF.654-656.1646
Abstract: One of the most important aspects of mould design in injection moulding is the provision of suitable and adequate cooling arrangements. Proper cooling channel design in the mould is an important aspect as it affects cycle time and quality of the injection moulded plastic part. A new cooling channel design with copper tube insert can reduce cycle time by optimal and uniform heat transfer in the mould. In this research work a comprehensive FEA transient thermal-structural analysis has been performed with ANSYS simulation software to understand robustness and longevity of an industrial plastic part mould with these cooling channels and compared with conventional straight cooling channels. Autodesk Moldflow Insight (AMI) also has been used to get essential process parameter values for analysis. Result shows that by inserting copper tube in the cooling channels, a mould can increase cooling efficiency and can last for higher number of cycles before fatigue failure, thus increasing production rate.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-06-2004
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2011
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-12-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-06-2016
DOI: 10.1002/AJH.24417
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-05-2017
DOI: 10.1002/PAT.4080
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-1998
DOI: 10.1007/BF01188413
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 12-08-2014
Abstract: – This paper aims to investigate the changes in tensile properties of novel functionally graded materials (FGMs) and wafer structures created by direct metal deposition (DMD) additive manufacturing (AM) technology. – Laser-assisted DMD was used to create two innovative sets of metallic structures – the functionally graded and wafer-layered structures – using pairs of six different engineering alloys in different combinations. These alloys were selected due to their high popularity within a erse range of industries and engineering applications. The laser-assisted DMD was selected as a suitable technique to create these complex structures because of its capability to deposit more than one alloy powder at a time. After creation of these structures, their tensile strength was tested in a series of tensile tests and the results were compared with those of single alloy s les. – It was observed that the mechanical properties of FGMs and wafer structure s les were clearly different from those of the single alloy s les, a fact which creates a whole pool of opportunities for development of new materials or structures with desired mechanical properties that cannot be achieved in single alloy parts. – The study demonstrates the application of the DMD process to produce unique structures and materials, which would be high in demand in engineering applications, where metallic parts are exposed to high loads and where excessive tensile stresses may adversely affect the performance of such parts.
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 02-04-2004
DOI: 10.1117/12.525278
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 15-11-2022
DOI: 10.3390/S22228811
Abstract: Radio frequency identification (RFID) tags are small, low-cost, wearable, and wireless sensors that can detect movement in structures, humans, or robots. In this paper, we use passive RFID tags for structural health monitoring by detecting displacements. We employ a novel process of using 3D printable embedded passive RFID tags within uniform linear arrays together with the multiple signal classification algorithm to estimate the direction of arrival using only the phase of the backscattered signals. We validate our proposed approach via data collected from real-world experiments using a unipolar RFID reader antenna and both narrowband and wideband measurements.
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2014
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 03-1996
DOI: 10.1108/13552549610109054
Abstract: Explains that fused deposition modelling is a rapid prototyping technology by which physical objects are created directly from a CAD model using layer by layer deposition of extruded material. The technology offers the potential of producing parts accurately in a wide range of materials safely and quickly. In using this technology, the designer is often confronted with a host of conflicting options including achieving desired accuracy, optimizing building time and cost and fulfilling functionality requirements. Presents a methodology for resolving these problems through the development of an intelligent rapid prototyping syste integrating distributed blackboard technologies with different knowledge based systems and feature based design technologies.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-01-2005
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2011
Publisher: Author(s)
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1063/1.4990270
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-2001
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 07-03-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-11-2020
Abstract: 2D nanomaterials (2DNMs) possess fascinating properties and are found in multifarious devices and applications including energy storage devices, new generation of battery technologies, sensor devices, and more recently in biomedical applications. Their use in biomedical applications such as tissue engineering, photothermal therapy, neural regeneration, and drug delivery has opened new horizons in treatment of age‐old ailments. It is also a rapidly developing area of advanced research. A new approach of integrating 3D printing (3DP), a layer‐by‐layer deposition technique for building structures, along with 2DNM multifunctional inks, has gained considerable attention in recent times, especially in biomedical applications. With the ever‐growing demand in healthcare industry for novel, efficient, and rapid technologies for therapeutic treatment methods, 3DP structures of 2DNMs provide vast scope for evolution of a new generation of biomedical devices. Recent advances in 3DP structures of dispersed 2DNM inks with established high‐performance biomedical properties are focused on. The advantages of their 3D structures, the sustainable formulation methods of such inks, and their feasible printing methods are also covered. Subsequently, it deals with the therapeutic applications of some already researched 3DP structures of 2DNMs and concludes with highlighting the challenges as well as the future directions of research in this area.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-02-2015
Publisher: Maad Rayan Publishing Company
Date: 03-06-2018
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-01-1999
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 06-2010
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/MSF.654-656.791
Abstract: High pressure die casting (HPDC) is widely used for manufacturing aluminum parts in automotive industry. In high pressure die casting mold, chill vents are used to allow residual air and gases to exhaust out from the mold cavity. The objective of this paper is to design and develop a bi- metallic chill vent for high pressure die casting using copper alloy material having high thermal conductivity, coated with steel layer on the surface. Transient thermal analysis was carried out using ANSYS software, and temperature distribution was compared with bimetallic and tool steel chill vents. The results show a faster extraction of heat in bi-metallic chill vent than that with steel. This paper also presents the effect of varying internal diameter of cooling channel in chill vent cooling.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-10-2001
DOI: 10.1002/APP.2212
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 11-2002
DOI: 10.1117/12.469082
Publisher: Author(s)
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1063/1.4990273
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2016
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 15-03-2016
DOI: 10.1002/HEP.28479
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 09-2013
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMR.811.108
Abstract: Electron beam melting (EBM) is a direct metal additive manufacturing technique in which a 4 kW electron beam is utilized to manufacture the parts in a layer by layer fashion. This paper represents an investigation into the quasi-static compressive deformation behavior of EBM made specimens. The mechanical testing was carried out at strain rate of 10 -3 s -1 by a numerically controlled hydraulic MTS machine on both as-built and machined s les manufactured by this high-tech process. The Vickers micro-hardness of the s les has been measured before and after the compression test. The microstructure of the compressed s le was characterized. The particle size distribution, morphology, and chemical composition of the Ti6Al4V, which is one of the most common materials for biomedical implants because of its high strength to weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and its biocompatibility features, have been investigated. The fracture surface has been characterized by scanning electron microscope.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-01-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-09-2005
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-06-2016
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 25-01-2003
DOI: 10.1117/12.472888
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 08-2010
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMR.129-131.648
Abstract: This paper presents an investigation on the microstructure and surface hardness of the parts fabricated by laser assisted Direct Metal Deposition (DMD) technology. A series of engineering metallic alloy powders were used in the DMD process to produce simple 3D geometric structures. The alloy powders investigated include: 316L stainless steel, 420 Stainless Steel, Stellite(R) 6, tool steel (H13), Cholmoloy (Ni Based alloy), and Aluminium Bronze. These were chosen due to their frequent application in engineering parts and components. The microstructure and hardness values have been compared to those of the wrought products (as annealed) as reported in the SAE standards, Heat treater’s guide to metals ASM international, and material data sheets supplied by the materials manufacturers. A significant difference is reported in both hardness and microstructure of the laser deposited s les compared to those of the wrought form.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2011
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-10-2015
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 17-01-2023
DOI: 10.3390/MET13020184
Abstract: The laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) method, more commonly known as selective laser melting (SLM), is one of the most common metal additive manufacturing (AM) processes. It is a layer-by-layer fabrication process where each powder layer is melted and fused by a laser beam, which traverses over the designated part geometry cross-section, as defined by a sliced CAD model. The LPBF process is being popularly used to manufacture end products of intricate geometry for various industries, such as the automobile, aerospace, defence, and biomedical industries. In designing parts, the topology optimisation (TO) technique can be effectively employed to optimise the distribution of material throughout the part and obtain the minimum volume/weight without compromising the mechanical performance of the component. This study focusses on the design optimisation and validation of the optimisation approaches used for LPBF-printed AlSi12 metal parts. The mechanical performance of three different topologically optimised lattice beams, viz. 1 × 1, 8 × 3, and 12 × 3, printed using the LPBF process, was investigated. When the beams were tested in bending, it was found that these TO LPBF-printed beams behaved differently when compared to the LPBF-printed solid beam. The 1 × 1 lattice beam performed better than the other two lattice beams due to the lower number of links where premature failure was delayed. The 1 × 1 lattice beam exhibited a load-bearing capacity of 17 ± 2 kN, whereas the 8 × 3 and 12 × 3 lattice beams showed load capacities of 13 ± 1 kN and 10 ± 1 kN, respectively. This mechanical behaviour was modelled and simulated by using a finite element analysis, and it was found that the LPBF-printed material property was affected by the design elements present in the beam. It was also found that each topology-optimised beam fits a different material model when compared to the SLM-printed solid beam. Therefore, a new material model or simulation technique needs to be developed to overcome this issue.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-10-2017
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 27-04-2018
DOI: 10.1002/HEP4.1190
Abstract: Rodent and cell‐culture models support a role for iron‐related adipokine dysregulation and insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) however, substantial human data are lacking. We examined the relationship between measures of iron status, adipokines, and insulin resistance in patients with NAFLD in the presence and absence of venesection. This study forms part of the Impact of Iron on Insulin Resistance and Liver Histology in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (IIRON2) study, a prospective randomized controlled trial of venesection for adults with NAFLD. Paired serum s les at baseline and 6 months (end of treatment) in controls (n = 28) and patients who had venesection (n = 23) were assayed for adiponectin, leptin, resistin, retinol binding protein‐4, tumor necrosis factor α, and interleukin‐6, using a Quantibody, customized, multiplexed enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay array. Hepatic iron concentration (HIC) was determined using MR FerriScan. Unexpectedly, analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between baseline serum adiponectin concentration and HIC, which strengthened after correction for age, sex, and body mass index (rho = 0.36 P = 0.007). In addition, there were significant inverse correlations between HIC and measures of insulin resistance (adipose tissue insulin resistance (Adipo‐IR), serum insulin, serum glucose, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, hemoglobin A1c, and hepatic steatosis), whereas a positive correlation was noted with the insulin sensitivity index. Changes in serum adipokines over 6 months did not differ between the control and venesection groups. Conclusion: HIC positively correlates with serum adiponectin and insulin sensitivity in patients with NAFLD. Further study is required to establish causality and mechanistic explanations for these associations and their relevance in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and NAFLD. ( Hepatology Communications 2018 :644‐653)
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-03-2014
DOI: 10.1002/APP.40600
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 09-07-2003
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.1108/01445150610645684
Abstract: This paper presents an investigation on the line balancing of an automated cylinder block production transfer line in order to reduce the total cycle time and increase machine utilization in an automotive plant. Results were verified by computer simulation, which showed increased throughput and higher machine utilization as a result of line balancing. Three main operation lines of the transfer line were identified as critical and having the highest cycle time and were chosen for optimisation study. Strategies of re‐sequencing of existing operations and tools were used to reduce the cycle time of these critical operations and to balance the line. Results of a simulation study using Simul8 software are also presented to demonstrate the increase in machine utilisation and throughput as a result of line balancing. Owing to line balancing, the cycle time of cylinder block line was reduced from 293.9 to 200 s, an almost 32 per cent reduction. This also resulted in increased throughput and machine utilisation. Throughput was increased by 65 per cent. Machine utilization was found to increase at all stations, with the highest increase at one station was recorded from 48 to 95 per cent due to balancing. Introduces a new application to line balancing of automotive cylinder block production line. Demonstrates that effective strategies of re‐sequencing and changing of tools can lead to more balanced production line with increased throughput and higher machining utilisation, resulting in higher productivity.
Publisher: American Institute of Mathematical Sciences (AIMS)
Date: 2017
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 13-09-2002
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2016
DOI: 10.1016/J.BBAMCR.2016.01.026
Abstract: Essential metals, such as iron and copper, play a critical role in a plethora of cellular processes including cell growth and proliferation. However, concomitantly, excess of these metal ions in the body can have deleterious effects due to their ability to generate cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). Thus, the human body has evolved a very well-orchestrated metabolic system that keeps tight control on the levels of these metal ions. Considering their very high proliferation rate, cancer cells require a high abundance of these metals compared to their normal counterparts. Interestingly, new anti-cancer agents that take advantage of the sensitivity of cancer cells to metal sequestration and their susceptibility to ROS have been developed. These ligands can avidly bind metal ions to form redox active metal complexes, which lead to generation of cytotoxic ROS. Furthermore, these agents also act as potent metastasis suppressors due to their ability to up-regulate the metastasis suppressor gene, N-myc downstream regulated gene 1. This review discusses the importance of iron and copper in the metabolism and progression of cancer, how they can be exploited to target tumors and the clinical translation of novel anti-cancer chemotherapeutics.
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 12-2005
DOI: 10.1108/01445150510626451
Abstract: Presents development and characterisation of a new metal olymer composite material for use in fused deposition modelling (FDM) rapid prototyping process with the aim of application to direct rapid tooling. The work represents a major development in reducing the cost and time in rapid tooling. The material consists of iron particles in a nylon type matrix. The detailed formulation and characterisation of the thermal properties of the various combinations of the new composites are investigated experimentally. Results are compared with other metal olymer composites used in rapid tooling. The feedstock filaments of this composite have been produced and used successfully in the unmodified FDM system for direct rapid tooling of injection moulding inserts. Thermal properties are found to be acceptable for rapid tooling applications for injection moulding. Introduces an entirely new metal based composite material for direct rapid tooling application using FDM RP system with desired thermal properties and characteristics. This will reduce the cost and time of manufacturing tooling inserts and dies for injection moulding.
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 02-2018
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 10-2017
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/SSP.266.3
Abstract: The Selective Laser Melting (SLM) process has been proved as the most effective method among Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies to produce hard, dense and strong metallic structures with intricate shapes and profiles from wide range of metallic alloys. The SLM generated structures from 17-4PH stainless steel high strength alloys involve layer by layer building up through laser melting of successively deposited powder layers. Therefore, the mechanical properties of such structures need to be thoroughly checked and investigated before putting these materials to practical applications. This research mainly investigates the cryogenic impact properties of SLM generated 17-4PH specimen. These characteristics are very important in applications requiring high strength customized structures that could maintain their mechanical properties at sub-zero temperatures. The experimental analysis proves that SLM is a very reliable technology to produce high strength metallic structures and these specimens can function efficiently in extreme conditions.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-02-2000
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2012
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-1995
DOI: 10.1007/BF00124674
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2002
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 15-09-2017
Abstract: Plymetal is a new type of composite metallic structure based on the concept of plywood created by laser direct metal deposition additive manufacturing technology. Two different metal powders, 316L stainless steel and H13 tool steel, are deposited in alternative parallel rows in each layer in the defined orientations to create a plymetal structure. In this research, the plymetal was manufactured by the POM DMD 505 machine, in which a laser beam melts various metal powders deposited through a coaxial nozzle in a layer-by-layer manner to form a metallic structure. The ballistic performance of plymetal structures was then experimentally studied for high impact applications. Ballistic tests were carried out using a high-pressure gas gun. The plymetal plates of 3-mm-thick were subjected to impact of projectiles at various velocities and the results were compared with test results of stainless steel plates of different thicknesses. Results show that the ballistic resistance of the direct metal deposition generated plymetal structure is better than the ballistic resistance of the stainless steel 316L with the same thickness. Vickers hardness and face deformation characteristics of the plymetal s les and stainless steel s les were also investigated.
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 11-2011
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMR.383-390.6347
Abstract: The Pallet Loading Problem (PLP) in packaging industry usually deals with generating optimal pallet patterns of placing boxes on a rectangular pallet. For a given pattern, the boxes can be placed in different set of sequences each affecting efficiency and productivity of robotic palletisation. Therefore, getting an optimal pallet pattern does not guarantee an optimal pattern placement strategy. Therefore, there is a need to develop a methodology that considers the palletisers physical characteristics and limitations in robotic palletising systems. This paper presents development of a methodology to determine the placement sequence in robotic pallet pattern formation with the aim of improving the operational efficiency in robotic palletisation.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2001
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2011
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 06-2010
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/MSF.654-656.2471
Abstract: This paper presents an investigation on rheological properties of a new ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene)-Iron composite for application in Fused Deposition Modelling rapid prototyping process. Test s les of ABS-Iron composites have been made by controlled centrifugal mixing and thermal compounding through a single-screw extruder and compression moulding. Rheological characterization was conducted using a capillary rheometer by measuring pressure drop at the die while varying the extrusion speed. Apparent shear rate and shear stress as well as viscosity of the melts were calculated. Modulated differential-scanning calorimetry (MDSC) techniques were used in order to characterize viscoelastic properties of these newly developed composites materials. Non-Newtonian behaviour of the composite melt has shown to follow a cross model of shear thinning characteristics.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 12-2013
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-1997
DOI: 10.1007/BF01179607
Publisher: Portland Press Ltd.
Date: 29-11-2017
DOI: 10.1042/BSR20170195
Abstract: Red blood cell production (erythropoiesis) is the single largest consumer of iron in the body this need is satisfied by maintaining a sensitive regulation of iron levels. The level of erythropoietic demand regulates the expression of the iron hormone hepcidin and thus iron absorption. Erythropoiesis-mediated regulation of hepcidin is an area of increasing importance and recent studies have identified a number of potential regulatory proteins. This review summarizes our current knowledge about these candidate erythroid regulators of hepcidin and the relation between transferrin receptors and erythropoiesis.
Start Date: 2003
End Date: 2003
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2004
End Date: 2005
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2005
End Date: 2010
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2003
End Date: 2005
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2002
End Date: 2003
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2002
End Date: 2003
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2002
End Date: 2003
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2003
End Date: 2006
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2007
End Date: 2009
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2004
End Date: 2005
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2004
End Date: 2006
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2006
End Date: 2007
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2017
End Date: 2017
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2006
End Date: 2006
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2011
End Date: 2011
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded Activity