ORCID Profile
0000-0002-7488-3438
Current Organisation
Macquarie University
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Mineralogy and Crystallography | Geology | Inorganic Geochemistry | Ore Deposit Petrology | Physical Chemistry of Materials | Optical Physics | Geochemistry | Transport Properties and Non-Equilibrium Processes | Photonics, Optoelectronics and Optical Communications | Geochemistry not elsewhere classified | Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology | Geodynamics | Isotope Geochemistry | Tectonics
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Expanding Knowledge in the Earth Sciences | Mineral Exploration not elsewhere classified | Mineral Resources (excl. Energy Resources) not elsewhere classified | Ecosystem Assessment and Management of Urban and Industrial Environments | Climate Change Adaptation Measures | Aquaculture Molluscs (excl. Oysters) | Cement and Concrete Materials | Waste Management Services |
Related Links
Publications
The kinetic analysis of irreversible consecutive solid state reactions: The effect of zinc on the formation of cordierite
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-03-2017
DOI: 10.1111/JACE.14779
Characterizing concrete corrosion below sewer tidal levels at chemically dosed locations
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2020
The FeSi phase diagram to 150 GPa
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 23-06-2010
DOI: 10.1029/2009JB006528
X-ray absorption contrast images of binary chemical reactions
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2009
Pressure-induced structural phase transitions in theAMnF
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
09-1996
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 09-1996
Primary carbonatite melt from deeply subducted oceanic crust
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-2008
DOI: 10.1038/NATURE07132
Fast grain-boundary ionic conduction in multiphase aggregates as revealed by electrical conductivity measurements
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-09-2021
In situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction study of the formation of TaB2 from the elements in a laser heated diamond anvil cell
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2010
O2 volumes at high pressure from KClO4 decomposition: D″ as a siderophile element pump instead of a lid on the core
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 11-2002
DOI: 10.1029/2001GC000225
Determining the water content of nominally anhydrous minerals at the nanometre scale
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 02-2021
DOI: 10.1063/5.0025570
Abstract: The amount and distribution of water in nominally anhydrous minerals (NAMs) are usually determined by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. This method is limited by the spot size of the beam to the study of s les with dimensions greater than a few micrometers. Here, we demonstrate the potential of using photoinduced force microscopy for the measurement of water in NAMs with s les sizes down to the nanometer scale with a study of water concentration across grain boundaries in forsterite. This development will enable the study of water speciation and diffusion in small-grained rock matrixes and allow a determination of the influence of nanoscale heterogeneity on the incorporation of water to NAMs.
Elasticity, strength, and refractive index of argon at high pressures
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 14-04-2010
A new three-angle energy-dispersive diffractometer
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-1998
The kinetics of dehydration in Ca-montmorillonite: an in situ X-ray diffraction study
Publisher: Mineralogical Society
Date: 10-1998
Abstract: The thermal dehydration of naturally occurring Ca-montmorillonite has been studied by in situ X-ray diffraction at temperatures between 60–120°C. The time-temperature-dependence of the position of the basal (001) reflection reveals that interlayer water loss on isothermal dehydration occurs in two stages. After an initial rapid decrease in interlayer spacing (on shock heating to an isothermal soak temperature) the reaction proceeds towards equilibrium more slowly. Furthermore, the width of the (001) reflection changes with time, reflecting transformation-dependent changes in homogeneity perpendicular to (001) with a maximum in peak width at the point where the rate of the reaction appears to change. This suggests that, as the interlayer spacing collapses, a local change is induced in the structure, affecting the means of movement of the water from the interlayer.
A Raman spectroscopic and energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction study of the high-pressure phase transitions of sodium hydrogen fluoride
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 12-10-1992
Effect of pressure on the crystal structure of ettringite
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2008
A new energy-dispersive powder diffraction facility at the SRS
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-1996
Pressure-dependent structures of amorphous red phosphorus and the origin of the first sharp diffraction peaks
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-10-2008
DOI: 10.1038/NMAT2290
Abstract: Characterizing the nature of medium-range order (MRO) in liquids and disordered solids is important for understanding their structure and transport properties. However, accurately portraying MRO, as manifested by the first sharp diffraction peak (FSDP) in neutron and X-ray scattering measurements, has remained elusive for more than 80 years. Here, using X-ray diffraction of amorphous red phosphorus compressed to 6.30 GPa, supplemented with micro-Raman scattering studies, we build three-dimensional structural models consistent with the diffraction data. We discover that the pressure dependence of the FSDP intensity and line position can be quantitatively accounted for by a characteristic void distribution function, defined in terms of average void size, void spacing and void density. This work provides a template to unambiguously interpret atomic and void-space MRO across a broad range of technologically promising network-forming materials.
Hysteretically reversible phase transition in a molecular glass
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 12-12-2012
DOI: 10.1063/1.4769794
Abstract: Pressure induced densification in a molecular arsenic sulfide glass is studied at ambient temperature using x-ray scattering, absorption and Raman spectroscopic techniques in situ in a diamond anvil cell. The relatively abrupt changes in the position of the first sharp diffraction peak, FSDP, and the pressure-volume equation of state near ∼2 GPa suggest a phase transition between low- and high-density amorphous phases characterized by different densification mechanisms and rates. Raman spectroscopic results provide clear evidence that the phase transition corresponds to a topological transformation between a low-density molecular structure and a high-density network structure via opening of the constituent As4S3 cage molecules and bond switching. Pressure induced mode softening of the high density phase suggests a low dimensional nature of the network. The phase transformation is hysteretically reversible, and therefore, reminiscent of a first-order phase transition.
Bulk modulus of basic sodalite, Na8[AlSiO4]6(OH)2·2H2O, a possible zeolitic precursor in coal-fly-ash-based geopolymers
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2011
Microscopic strain in a grossular-pyrope solution anti-correlates with excess volume through local Mg-Ca cation arrangement, more strongly at high Ca/Mg ratio
Publisher: Mineralogical Society of America
Date: 11-2017
DOI: 10.2138/AM-2017-6117
Detection of Gaps in Concrete–Metal Composite Structures Based on the Feature Extraction Method Using Piezoelectric Transducers
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 13-04-2019
DOI: 10.3390/S19081769
Abstract: A feature extraction methodology based on lamb waves is developed for the non-invasive detection and prediction of the gap in concrete–metal composite structures, such as concrete-filled steel tubes. A popular feature extraction method, partial least squares regression, is utilised to predict the gaps. The data is collected using the piezoelectric transducers attached to the external surface of the metal of the composite structure. A piezoelectric actuator generates a sine burst signal, which propagates along the metal and is received by a piezoelectric sensor. The partial least squares regression is performed on the raw sensor signal to extract features and to determine the relationship between the signal and the gap size, which is then used to predict the gaps. The applicability of the developed system is tested on two concrete-metal composite specimens. The first specimen consisted of an aluminium plate and the second specimen consisted of a steel plate. This technique is able to detect and predict gaps as low as 0.1 mm. The results demonstrate the applicability of this technique for the gap and debonding detection in concrete-filled steel tubes, which are critical in determining the degree of composite action between concrete and metal.
Experimental study of the dehydration of 10-Å phase, with implications for its H2O content and stability in subducted lithosphere
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-06-2011
Shock synthesis of lanthanum-III-pernitride
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-2013
High-pressure phase transitions and equations of state in NiSi. II. Experimental results
Publisher: International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
Date: 12-06-2012
DOI: 10.1107/S0021889812016809
Abstract: The high-pressure structures of nickel monosilicide (NiSi) have been investigated to 124 GPa by synchrotron-based X-ray powder diffraction studies of quenched s les from laser-heated diamond anvil cell experiments, and the equations of state of three of these phases have been determined at room temperature. NiSi transforms from the MnP (B31) structure (space group Pnma ) to the ∊-FeSi (B20) structure (space group P 2 1 3) at 12.5 ± 4.5 GPa and 1550 ± 150 K. Upon further compression, the CsCl (B2) structure (space group Pm 3 m ) becomes stable at 46 ± 3 GPa and 1900 ± 150 K. Thus, NiSi will be in the B2 structure throughout the majority of the Earth's mantle and its entire core, and will likely form a solid solution with FeSi, which is already known to undergo a B20 → B2 transition at high pressure. Data from the quenched (room-temperature) s les of all three phases have been fitted to the third-order Birch–Murnaghan equation of state. For the MnP (B31) structure this yields K 0 = 165 ± 3 GPa with K 0 ′ fixed at 4 and V 0 fixed at 12.1499 Å 3 atom −1 [ V 0 from unpublished neutron diffraction measurements on the same batch of starting material Wood (2011), personal communication]. For the ∊-FeSi (B20) structure, K 0 =161± 3 GPa and K 0 ′ = 5.6 ± 0.2 with V 0 fixed at 11.4289 Å 3 atom −1 . For the CsCl (B2) structure, K 0 = 200 ± 9 GPa, K 0 ′ = 4.6 ± 0.1 and V 0 = 11.09 ± 0.05 Å 3 atom −1 . The ambient volume of NiSi, therefore, decreases by 6% at the first phase transition and then by a further 3% at the transition to the CsCl structure. Traces of additional NiSi structures predicted by Vočadlo, Wood & Dobson [ J. Appl. Cryst . (2012), 45 , 186–196 part I], and labelled therein as Pbma -I, Pnma -II, and possibly also Pnma -III and P 4/ nmm , have been detected.
Microstructural and compositional change of NaOH-activated high calcium fly ash by incorporating Na-aluminate and co-existence of geopolymeric gel and C–S–H(I)
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2012
A Novel X-ray Diffractometer to Study the Texture of Materials
Publisher: International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
Date: 1996
Beamline 12.2.2: An Extreme Conditions Beamline at the Advanced Light Source
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-2012
Electrical conductivity studies on silica phases and the effects of phase transformation
Publisher: Mineralogical Society of America
Date: 12-2019
DOI: 10.2138/AM-2019-7120
Abstract: Starting with the same s le, the electrical conductivities of quartz and coesite have been measured at pressures of 1, 6, and 8.7 GPa, respectively, over a temperature range of 373–1273 K in a multi-anvil high-pressure system. Results indicate that the electrical conductivity in quartz increases with pressure as well as when the phase change from quartz to coesite occurs, while the activation enthalpy decreases with increasing pressure. Activation enthalpies of 0.89, 0.56, and 0.46 eV, were determined at 1, 6, and 8.7 GPa, respectively, giving an activation volume of –0.052 ± 0.006 cm3/mol. FTIR and composition analysis indicate that the electrical conductivities in silica polymorphs is controlled by substitution of silicon by aluminum with hydrogen charge compensation. Comparing with electrical conductivity measurements in stishovite, reported by Yoshino et al. (2014), our results fall within the aluminum and water content extremes measured in stishovite at 12 GPa. The resulting electrical conductivity model is mapped over the magnetotelluric profile obtained through the tectonically stable Northern Australian Craton. Given their relative abundances, these results imply potentially high electrical conductivities in the crust and mantle from contributions of silica polymorphs. The main results of this paper are as follows:The electrical conductivity of silica polymorphs is determined by impedance spectroscopy up to 8.7 GPa.The activation enthalpy decreases with increasing pressure indicating a negative activation volume across the silica polymorphs.The electrical conductivity results are consistent with measurements observed in stishovite at 12 GPa.
Assessment of alkali–silica reaction potential in aggregates from Iran and Australia using thin-section petrography and expansion testing
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 17-06-2022
DOI: 10.3390/MA15124289
Abstract: The alkali–silica reaction can shorten concrete life due to expansive pressure build-up caused by reaction by-products, resulting in cracking. Understanding the role of the aggregate, as the main reactive component, is essential for understanding the underlying mechanisms of the alkali–silica reaction and thereby reducing, or even preventing, any potential damage. The present study aims to investigate the role of petrographic studies along with accelerated tests in predicting and determining the potential reactivity of aggregates, including granite, rhyodacite, limestone, and dolomite, with different geological characteristics in concrete. This study was performed under accelerated conditions in accordance with the ASTM C1260 and ASTM C1293 test methods. The extent of the alkali–silica reaction was assessed using a range of microanalysis techniques including optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, and X-ray powder diffraction. The results showed that a calcium-rich aggregate with only a small quantity of siliceous component but with a higher porosity and water adsorption rate can lead to degradation due to the alkali–silica reaction, while dolomite aggregate, which is commonly considered a reactive aggregate, showed no considerable expansion during the conducted tests. The results also showed that rhyodacite s les, due to their glassy texture, the existence of strained quartz and quartz with undulatory extinction, as well as the presence of weathering minerals, have a higher alkali-reactivity potential than granite s les.
Pressure-temperature studies of talc plus water using X-ray diffraction
Publisher: Mineralogical Society of America
Date: 07-2008
DOI: 10.2138/AM.2008.2742
Does the Al substitution in C–S–H(I) change its mechanical property?
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2011
Raman spectroscopic study of synthetic pyrope-grossular garnets: structural implications
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-06-2018
Determination of the bulk modulus of hydroxycancrinite, a possible zeolitic precursor in geopolymers, by high-pressure synchrotron X-ray diffraction
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2011
In situ observation of the reaction of tantalum with nitrogen in a laser heated diamond anvil cell
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2010
Phase transformations and the nature of the semiconductor-to-metal transition in bulka-GaSb anda-(
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
15-07-1996
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 15-07-1996
Debonding detection in a carbon fibre reinforced concrete structure using guided waves
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 20-03-2019
Modeling cation/anion-water interactions in functional aluminosilicate structures
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-1995
DOI: 10.1016/0263-7855(94)00005-D
Abstract: A need for the computer simulation of hydration/dehydration processes in functional aluminosilicate structures has been noted. Full and realistic simulations of these systems can be somewhat ambitious and require the aid of interactive computer graphics to identify key structural/chemical units, both in the devising of suitable water-ion simulation potentials and in the analysis of hydrogen-bonding schemes in the subsequent simulation studies. In this article, the former is demonstrated by the assembling of a range of essential water-ion potentials. These span the range of formal charges from +4e to -2e, and are evaluated in the context of three types of structure: a porous zeolite, calcium silicate cement, and layered clay. As an ex le of the latter, the computer graphics output from Monte Carlo computer simulation studies of hydration/dehydration in calcium-zeolite A is presented.
Effect of Compressive Strain on the Raman Modes of the Dry and Hydrated BaCe0.8Y0.2O3 Proton Conductor
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 10-11-2011
DOI: 10.1021/JP208525J
An infrared spectroscopic study of the OH stretching frequencies of talc and 10-A phase to 10 GPa
Publisher: Mineralogical Society of America
Date: 04-2007
DOI: 10.2138/AM.2007.2211
Isothermal compression behavior of (Mg,Fe)O using neon as a pressure medium
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-12-2009
Thirty Years of Energy-Dispersive Powder Diffraction
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2002
Pressure‐Induced Polyamorphism and Formation of ‘Aragonitic’ Amorphous Calcium Carbonate
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-2013
The effect of pressure on the crystal structures of some bismuth based superconductors
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-1994
Synchrotron-Based Method for the Study of Crystallization: Templated Formation of CoALPO-5 Catalyst
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 08-1995
DOI: 10.1021/CM00056A004
Crystal structural variation and phase transition in caesium trichlorocuprate at high pressure
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 25-04-1994
The pressure dependence of the crystal structures of La2CuO4 and YBa2Cu3O7
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 04-1990
Polyamorphism and Pressure-Induced Metallization at the Rigidity Percolation Threshold in Densified GeSe4 Glass
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 04-03-2014
DOI: 10.1021/JP4108602
A comparative study of the atomic structures of Ge-doped As4S3 and P4Se3 molecular glasses
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2019
Halite-sylvite thermoconsolution
Publisher: Mineralogical Society of America
Date: 2005
DOI: 10.2138/AM.2005.1565
Second-order phase transition in PbO and SnO at high pressure: Implications for the litharge-massicot phase transformation
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 11-1992
A Simple High Performance Beamline for Small Molecule Chemical Crystallography
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2004
DOI: 10.1063/1.1757839
In situ study of the formation and decomposition processes, under high pressure, of an infinite-layer cuprate: Ca0.5Sr0.5CuO2
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2000
Nature of phase transitions in crystalline and amorphous GeTe-Sb2Te3 phase change materials
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 28-09-2011
DOI: 10.1063/1.3643327
Abstract: The thermodynamic nature of phase stabilities and transformations are investigated in crystalline and amorphous Ge1Sb2Te4 (GST124) phase change materials as a function of pressure and temperature using high-resolution synchrotron x-ray diffraction in a diamond anvil cell. The phase transformation sequences upon compression, for cubic and hexagonal GST124 phases are found to be: cubic → amorphous → orthorhombic → bcc and hexagonal → orthorhombic → bcc. The Clapeyron slopes for melting of the hexagonal and bcc phases are negative and positive, respectively, resulting in a pressure dependent minimum in the liquidus. When taken together, the phase equilibria relations are consistent with the presence of polyamorphism in this system with the as-deposited amorphous GST phase being the low entropy low-density amorphous phase and the laser melt-quenched and high-pressure amorphized GST being the high entropy high-density amorphous phase. The metastable phase boundary between these two polyamorphic phases is expected to have a negative Clapeyron slope.
A quantitative kinetic study of the I to or from II phase transition of ammonium chloride
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 16-11-1992
In Situ Observation of the Formation of 10 Å Phase from Talc + H 2 O at Mantle Pressures and Temperatures
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Date: 29-10-1999
DOI: 10.1126/SCIENCE.286.5441.940
Abstract: Development of an x-ray–transparent capsule that is suitable for water-saturated experiments has allowed the high-pressure and high-temperature synthesis of 10 angstrom phase from talc + H 2 O to be observed in situ in a multianvil apparatus with synchrotron radiation. The reaction talc + H 2 O = 10 angstrom phase was observed within 20 minutes at 6 gigapascals and 500°C. The higher pressure vapor-absent reaction talc = 10 angstrom phase + enstatite + coesite was also observed. The 10 angstrom phase is therefore a good candidate for transporting water into Earth's mantle at subduction zones. The in situ technique may allow the hydration of other high-pressure mantle phases to be observed under dynamic conditions.
Critical Size for Fracture during Solid−Solid Phase Transformations
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 14-04-2004
DOI: 10.1021/NL049537R
Powder diffraction facilities at Daresbury Laboratory
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 07-1989
DOI: 10.1063/1.1140724
Abstract: X-ray powder diffraction measurements using synchrotron radiation are currently being carried out on three experimental stations on the SRS at Daresbury Laboratory. Station 9.1 contains a general purpose powder diffractometer for angular dispersive measurements. The instrument is sited on the wiggler beamline, which provides radiation with a critical energy of 12 keV. A Si(111) water-cooled, channel-cut monochromator gives useful flux over an energy range from 6 to 30 keV. A cryostat and furnace are available for experiments requiring special environments, while a curved position sensitive detector can be used for time-resolved measurements. The wiggler white beam is employed on Station 9.7 for energy dispersive powder diffraction experiments. Various s le stages for kinetic experiments are in use on this station, and ex les are shown of recent high-pressure work. A new high resolution powder diffractometer has been built and commissioned on Station 8.3, using bending magnet radiation. The diffractometer is based on the Parrish and Hart design, in which long, parallel foils are used to define the angular ergence accepted by the detector. In this way, large synchrotron beam cross sections can be employed while maintaining high angular resolution.
Structural and magnetic behavior of theS=2 layered ferromagnet
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
04-2015
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 04-2015
Development of a Unix/VME data acquisition system
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 1992
DOI: 10.1063/1.1142629
Abstract: The current status of a Unix-based VME data acquisition development project is described. It is planned to use existing Fortran data collection software to drive the existing CAMAC electronics via a VME CAMAC branch driver card and associated Daresbury Unix driving software. The first usable Unix driver has been written and produces single-action CAMAC cycles from test software. The data acquisition code has been implemented in test mode under Unix with few problems and effort is now being directed toward finalizing calls to the CAMAC-driving software and ultimate evaluation of the complete system.
Texture determination by energy-dispersive XRD
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-1998
Compressibility of cubic white, orthorhombic black, rhombohedral black, and simple cubic black phosphorus
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 14-10-2010
An in situ, energy-dispersive x-ray diffraction study of natural gas conversion by carbon dioxide reforming
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 04-1993
DOI: 10.1021/J100115A044
THE INFLUENCE OF HYDROUS MELTING ON THE ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY IN FELDSPAR LABRADORITE
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Date: 2017
Formation of scandium carbides and scandium oxycarbide from the elements at high-(P, T) conditions
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2010
Rapid methods for the calibration of solid-state detectors
Publisher: International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
Date: 2000
Optical Fibre Sensors for Monitoring Sewer Concrete Corrosion
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2019
Migration and formation of an iron rich layer during acidic corrosion of concrete with no steel reinforcement
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2021
A new method for the analysis of non-isothermal DSC and diffraction data
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-1997
Axial ratio anomalies and electronic topological transitions in Cd0.80Hg0.20 at high pressures
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2008
In situEXAFS, X-ray diffraction and photoluminescence for high-pressure studies
Publisher: International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
Date: 07-2000
Equation of State of Potassium Hydrogen Fluoride to 12.3 GPa and Stability ofI4/mcmStructure to 50 GPa: An Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Diffraction Study
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-1996
SAXS/WAXS studies of the devitrification of Cr-doped cordierite glass using synchrotron radiation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-1995
Five new experimental stations at the SRS Daresbury from a 6 T superconducting wiggler magnet
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 02-1995
DOI: 10.1063/1.1145867
Abstract: Daresbury Laboratory is currently completing the construction and commissioning of five new experimental research stations utilizing high flux hard x-ray radiation from a 6 T superconducting wiggler magnet. The broad areas of science covered by the new stations and the novel features are presented.
High pressure, down under: the first Australian high-pressure synchrotron facility for geoscience research
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 17-02-2015
The development of monodispersed alumino-chromate spinel nanoparticles in doped cordierite glass, studied by in situ X-ray small and wide angle scattering, and chromium X-ray spectroscopy
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2005
Stability field of the high-(P, T) Re2C phase and properties of an analogous osmium carbide phase
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2009
Osmium Diboride, An Ultra-Incompressible, Hard Material
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 27-04-2005
DOI: 10.1021/JA043806Y
Abstract: The need for wear- and scratch-resistant materials drives the quest for new superhard materials. In this work, we apply two design parameters to identify ultra-incompressible, superhard materials-high valence electron density and high bond covalency. Our first ex le of such a material is OsB2. The bulk modulus of OsB2 was measured using in situ high-pressure X-ray diffraction and was determined to be in the range of 365-395 GPa. While this value is slightly less than that of the bulk modulus of diamond, due to the anisotropic crystal structure of OsB2, the axis compressibility in the orthorhombic c-direction is less than the axis compressibility found in diamond. OsB2 also scratches the surface of a sapphire window, indicating that the hardness of OsB2 exceeds 2000 kg/mm2.
Comparison of Techniques for Securing the Endotracheal Tube while Wearing Chemical, Biological, Radiological, or Nuclear Protection: A Manikin Study
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 12-2010
DOI: 10.1017/S1049023X00008803
Abstract: The objective of this study was to assess the impact of chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear personal protective equipment (CBRN-PPE) on the ability to secure an endotracheal tube (ETT) with either the Thomas Tube Holder™ or cotton tape tied in a knot. Seventy-five clinicians secured an ETT in a previously intubated manikin with the Thomas Tube Holder™ and cotton tape. A mixed quantitative and qualitative research design was used to gauge actual performance times and perceptions of difficulties. Following completion of the study, 25 clinicians were interviewed to gauge their experiences of securing the ETT with both devices while wearing CBRN-PPE. The mean time to apply the Thomas Tube Holder was 29.02 seconds, compared with tape which took a mean of 58 seconds ( p = 0.001). Clinicians rated the Thomas Tube Holder as easier to use than tape (Mann-Whitney z = 9.934 p .001), which was confirmed during interviews. Of the clinicians interviewed, 92% perceived that the Thomas Tube Holder provided the better method for securing an ETT, none of the clinicians identified the tape as the best method for securing the endotracheal tube while wearing CBRN-PPE. Clinicians identified that the design of the Thomas Tube Holder facilitated the gross motor movement required for application. The Thomas Tube Holder is easier and faster to apply when wearing CBRN-PPE when compared with cotton, and the Thomas Tube Holder is perceived by the participants as being more effective at preventing accidential extubation
Iron spin transition in Earth's mantle
Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Date: 05-12-2005
Abstract: High-pressure Mössbauer spectroscopy on several compositions across the (Mg,Fe)O magnesiowüstite solid solution confirms that ferrous iron (Fe 2+ ) undergoes a high-spin to low-spin transition at pressures and for compositions relevant to the bulk of the Earth's mantle. High-resolution x-ray diffraction measurements document a volume change of 4–5% across the pressure-induced spin transition, which is thus expected to cause seismological anomalies in the lower mantle. The spin transition can lead to dissociation of Fe-bearing phases such as magnesiowüstite, and it reveals an unexpected richness in mineral properties and phase equilibria for the Earth's deep interior.
Impact of Chemical, Biological, Radiation, and Nuclear Personal Protective Equipment on the performance of low- and high-dexterity airway and vascular access skills
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2009
DOI: 10.1016/J.RESUSCITATION.2009.08.001
Abstract: Following CBRN incidents health care professionals will be required to care for critically ill patients within the warm zone, prior to decontamination, whilst wearing CBRN-PPE. The loss of fine-motor skills may adversely affect delivery of medical care. 64 clinicians were recruited to perform, intubation, LMA placement, insertion of an IV cannula and IO needle whilst wearing CBRN-PPE. A fractional factorial design was employed, in which each of the 64 clinicians had two attempts at performing each skill whilst wearing CBRN-PPE and once unsuited according to a pre-specified sequence. The unsuited and suit data were analysed independently with the primary outcome being time taken to complete each skill whilst suited. Analysis was undertaken using STATA (V9.2). Mean times differ considerably by skill (p<0.001). Overall, times to completion on attempt 2 were shorter than attempt 1 (p=0.045), though the reduction in time differed significantly by skill (p=0.004). LMA placement was on average completed nearly 45 s faster than intubation, and IO cannulation was nearly 90 s faster than IV cannulation. Whilst suited, 8% of intubation and 12% of intra-venous cannulation attempts were unsuccessful. Previous familiarity with CBRN-PPE did not improve performance (p=0.23). Professional groups differed significantly (p=0.009) with anaesthetists performing all skills faster than the other clinicians. This study supports the concept of instigating airway and vascular access skills whilst wearing CBRN-PPE but challenges the sole reliance on 'high-dexterity skills'. Intubation is feasible but must be considered within the context of the incident as the LMA may offer a viable alternative. Intra-venous access prior to casualty decontamination is arguably a pointless skill and should be replaced with IO access.
Use of finite element analysis for the thermal gradient determination of a neutron transparent high-pressure sample environment for neutron tomography
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 24-06-2023
A kinetic study of the I to II phase transition in ammonium chloride, ammonium bromide and ammonium iodide
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2016
High-pressure monochromatic powder diffraction using a Bragg-Laue monochromator and a walker cell
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2006
Electronic phase transition and amorphization inAuIn 2<
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 18-09-2008
Elastic moduli and hardness of highly incompressible platinum perpnictide PtAs2
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 02-09-2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4819143
Abstract: PtAs2 appears to be the least compressible known arsenide with a bulk modulus of 220(5) GPa and a shear modulus of between 64 and 77 GPa. PtAs2 has a hardness of 11(1) GPa, which is remarkably high for an arsenide. These elastic and mechanical properties in combination with the known chemical inertness and the small indirect band gap add interest to the use and occurrence of PtAs2 at Pt-GaAs contacts in transistors. We note the modest fracture toughness of 1.1–1.6 MPa m1/2 of PtAs2.
Anin situmethod for the study of strain broadening using synchrotron X-ray diffraction
Publisher: International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
Date: 13-07-2007
DOI: 10.1107/S0021889807016299
Abstract: A tensonometer for stretching metal foils has been constructed for the study of strain broadening in X-ray diffraction line profiles. This device, which is designed for use on powder diffractometers and was tested on Station 2.3 at Daresbury Laboratory, allows in situ measurements to be performed on s les under stress. It can be used for data collection in either transmission or reflection modes using either symmetric or asymmetric diffraction geometries. As a test case, measurements were carried out on an 18 µm-thick copper foil experiencing strain levels of up to 5% using both symmetric reflection and symmetric transmission diffraction. All the diffraction profiles displayed peak broadening and asymmetry which increased with strain. The measured profiles were analysed by the fundamental-parameters approach using the TOPAS peak-fitting software. All the observed broadened profiles were modelled by convoluting a refineable diffraction profile, representing the dislocation and crystallite size broadening, with a fixed instrumental profile predetermined using high-quality LaB 6 reference powder. The deconvolution process yielded `pure' s le integral breadths and asymmetry results which displayed a strong dependence on applied strain and increased almost linearly with applied strain. Assuming crystallite size broadening in combination with dislocation broadening arising from f.c.c. a /2〈110〉{111} dislocations, the variation of mechanical property with strain has been extracted. The observation of both peak asymmetry and broadening has been interpreted as a manifestation of a cellular structure with cell walls and cell interiors possessing high and low dislocation densities.
The Combination of Thermal Analysis and Time-Resolved X-ray Techniques: a Powerful Method for Materials Characterization
Publisher: International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
Date: 02-1995
Hydrogen bonding induced distortion of CO3units and kinetic stabilization of amorphous calcium carbonate: results from 2D13C NMR spectroscopy
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C6CP02729F
Abstract: The structure of amorphous calcium carbonate consists of a uniform spatial disposition of H 2 O molecules around the CO 3 units, forming a hydrogen-bonded amorphous network that is stabilized against crystallization by steric frustration.
Nanocrystal Growth in Cordierite Glass Ceramics Studied with X-ray Scattering
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 16-01-2009
DOI: 10.1021/CG070562V
X-ray diffraction of electrodeposited nanocrystalline nickel under high pressure
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 15-04-2009
DOI: 10.1063/1.3100189
Abstract: We studied the compressibility of monolithic fully dense electrodeposited nanocrystalline Ni (∼29 nm grain size) under both quasihydrostatic and nonhydrostatic conditions up to a nominal pressure of 50 GPa using angle-dispersive x-ray diffraction. We obtained an equation of state consistently and unambiguously from each measured reflection. The apparent bulk modulus measured under nonhydrostatic conditions is larger than that of the corresponding coarse-grained material under either type of compression, but is nearly the same when measured under quasihydrostatic conditions. These results may be consistent with a strength, but not necessarily a bulk modulus, that is enhanced in the nanomaterial relative to its coarse-grained counterparts.
The development of synchrotron x-ray area detectors for studying high pressure phase transitions
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-1992
A Novel Batch Cooling Crystallizer for in Situ Monitoring of Solution Crystallization Using Energy Dispersive X-ray Diffraction
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 06-02-2003
DOI: 10.1021/CG020053N
High-pressure Raman and x-ray diffraction studies onLaB
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
19-11-2009
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 19-11-2009
Structural variations in the wesselsiteeffenbergerite (Sr1xBaxCuSi4O10) solid solution
Publisher: Schweizerbart
Date: 23-06-2010
The pressure dependence of the crystal structure of La2CuO4
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 10-09-1988
The nano- and meso-scale structure of amorphous calcium carbonate
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-04-2022
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-022-10627-9
Abstract: Understanding the underlying processes of biomineralization is crucial to a range of disciplines allowing us to quantify the effects of climate change on marine organisms, decipher the details of paleoclimate records and advance the development of biomimetic materials. Many biological minerals form via intermediate amorphous phases, which are hard to characterize due to their transient nature and a lack of long-range order. Here, using Monte Carlo simulations constrained by X-ray and neutron scattering data together with model building, we demonstrate a method for determining the structure of these intermediates with a study of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) which is a precursor in the bio-formation of crystalline calcium carbonates. We find that ACC consists of highly ordered anhydrous nano-domains of approx. 2 nm that can be described as nanocrystalline. These nano-domains are held together by an interstitial net-like matrix of water molecules which generate, on the mesoscale, a heterogeneous and gel-like structure of ACC. We probed the structural stability and dynamics of our model on the nanosecond timescale by molecular dynamics simulations. These simulations revealed a gel-like and glassy nature of ACC due to the water molecules and carbonate ions in the interstitial matrix featuring pronounced orientational and translational flexibility. This allows for viscous mobility with diffusion constants four to five orders of magnitude lower than those observed in solutions. Small and ultra-small angle neutron scattering indicates a hierarchically-ordered organization of ACC across length scales that allow us, based on our nano-domain model, to build a comprehensive picture of ACC formation by cluster assembly from solution. This contribution provides a new atomic-scale understanding of ACC and provides a framework for the general exploration of biomineralization and biomimetic processes.
High pressure study of low compressibility tetracalcium aluminum carbonate hydrates 3CaO·Al2O3·CaCO3·11H2O
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2012
A comparison of laboratory, synchrotron and neutron diffraction for the real time study of cement hydration
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-1995
Experimental and theoretical study on elastic properties of crystalline alkali silicate hydrate
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2020
Fibre optic temperature and humidity sensors for harsh wastewater environments
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2017
Perovskite Phase Relations in the System CaO-MgO-TiO2-SiO2 and Implications for Deep Mantle Lithologies
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 25-01-2012
Two computer programs for the automatic analysis of powder diffraction patterns
Publisher: International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
Date: 10-1995
DOI: 10.1107/S0021889895006753
Abstract: Two programs for the automatic analysis of large numbers of powder diffraction patterns have been developed. The first, PEAKFIT , fits functions describing the diffraction peaks and baseline to single or multiple peaks in a number of predefined regions of each powder pattern. The second, FULFIT , fits the entire powder pattern with a combination of functions describing the diffraction peaks and background. The use of these programs is illustrated with data analysed as part of kinetic studies of the I–II phase transition in ammonium chloride and the hydration of tricalcium silicate.
The structure of water at a neutral interface
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-1986
Synthesis and thermal decomposition of tetragonal RbClO4 and volume of fluid O2 from 2 to 9 GPa
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 10-2001
DOI: 10.1029/2001GC000154
A furnace for in situ synchrotron Laue diffraction and its application to studies of solid-state phase transformations
Publisher: International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
Date: 12-1990
DOI: 10.1107/S0021889890007257
Abstract: The design of a new microfurnace for use for Laue diffraction studies of solid-state transformations is described. The furnace operates in the temperature range 298–573 K with a thermal stability of about ± 0.1 K. The potential of the synchrotron-radiation Laue diffraction technique for studies of structural phase transitions is demonstrated. Experimental data on phase transitions in caesium periodate, potassium tetrachlorozincate and pentaerythritol are presented.
The resistive-heating characterization of laser heating system and LaB6 characterization of X-ray diffraction of beamline 12.2.2 at advanced light source
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2010
Elastic Properties of Tricalcium Aluminate from High‐Pressure Experiments and First‐Principles Calculations
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-06-2012
In situ study of the structure of talc and 10Å phase at high pressure using synchrotron IR spectroscopy and XRD
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2006
Structural Studies of Bulk Amorphous GaSb under High Pressures
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-1996
Melting in the Fe–C system to 70 GPa
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2009
Structural behavior of palladium (II) oxide and a palladium suboxide at high pressure: An energy-dispersive x-ray-diffraction study
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 10-1995
Revealing the ductility of nanoceramic MgAl2O4
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-05-2019
DOI: 10.1557/JMR.2019.114
A practical methodology to assess corrosion in concrete sewer pipes
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1051/MATECCONF/201819906010
Abstract: The combination of Neutron Tomography (NT), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM, with and without elemental analysis), pH profiling and Microindentation Mapping techniques was used to develop a methodology for the assessment of concrete sewer pipe deterioration. We demonstrate a viable method for health monitoring of concrete sewer pipes and the evaluation of competing mitigation strategies.
A new white beam single crystal and powder diffraction facility at the SRS
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 1992
DOI: 10.1063/1.1143186
Abstract: A new white beam single-crystal Laue diffraction (LD) and energy-dispersive powder diffraction (EDPD) facility has been constructed on station 9.7 of the SRS. This station receives radiation from a 5-T superconducting wiggler magnet with useful photon flux from 5 to 60 keV and a peak flux on the s le of 7×1011 photons/s/mm2 in a 0.1% bandwidth at 10 keV. The novel design of this facility allows rapid changeover between the two experiments without compromising either. Components have been built in a modular manner for ease of optimization for a particular set of data capture conditions.
An apparatus for the study of the kinetics and mechanism of hydrothermal reactions by in situ energy dispersive x-ray diffraction
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 03-1995
DOI: 10.1063/1.1146451
Abstract: The design and implementation of a pressure cell for the study of hydrothermal reactions by in situ energy dispersive x-ray diffraction is described. The cell permits the study of both the kinetics and mechanism of formation of a wide range of important solid-state compounds such as zeolites and other microporous solids. Reactions can be studied over a wide range of temperature (5–230 °C) and autogenous pressure [0–400 psi (gauge)] conditions. The use of this apparatus is illustrated by a study on the synthesis of a microporous tin chalcogenide phase performed on Station 9.7 of the UK Synchrotron Radiation Source.
A new paradigm to extend diffraction measurements beyond the megabar regime
Publisher: International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
Date: 16-08-2005
Development of large volume reaction cells for kinetic studies using energy-dispersive powder diffraction
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-1995
Experimental determination of bulk modulus of 14Å tobermorite using high pressure synchrotron X-ray diffraction
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2012
Real-time in situ X-ray diffraction of intercalation reactions
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 1994
DOI: 10.1039/C39940000809
A Kinetic of the B1-B2 Phase Transition of Rubidium Iodide as a Function of Pressure
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 07-1996
Laser-heated diamond anvil cell at the advanced light source beamline 12.2.2
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2007
Preparation of Self-healing Additives for Concrete via Miniemulsion Polymerization: Formulation and Production Challenges
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-01-2021
DOI: 10.1186/S40069-020-00449-2
Abstract: Concrete structures undergo internal damage this usually starts at the atomic level with defects that then grow and form cracks, which can propagate through the material. Here, a method of preparation of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanocapsules adhesive system via miniemulsion polymerization technique is reported, where MMA + DMA (resin + accelerator) and BPO (hardener) components are separately encapsulated by PMMA shells. The crack-healing potential of these nanocapsules was then investigated by embedding them into the mortar matrix. The prepared PMMA core–shell self-healing nanostructures survived the mixing and hardening processes, and the hardened mortar alkaline environment. The stress fields associated with propagating cracks (load‐induced cracking) broke the brittle/weak inert shell of these core–shell structures, resulted in releasing the healing agents to bridge the nascent and early-stage fractures ( 10 µm) in a short time. Long-term healing was achieved through the formation of polymorph calcite crystals in the presence of moisture and CO 2 , which improved the durability of mortar by filling the gaps. Formulation design (addition of chemical admixtures) and process parameters (blade design and mixing speed) were found to directly impact the uniform distribution of nanocapsules, the survival rate of nanocapsules, and the overall strength of the hardened concrete. The stepwise approach to formulate and fabricate a novel high-strength self-healing concrete system unlocks unique opportunities to design nanomaterials that safeguard the integrity of concrete structures.
Application of synchrotron radiation energy dispersive diffraction to the in-situ observation of wax crystallization from solution
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-1988
Optimisation of a neutron imaging system using the modulation transfer function
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2023
Pressure-induced polymorphism in CuCl: Anab initiostudy
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 05-1995
New high-pressure phase ofGaAsO
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
1995
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 1995
High pressure X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy at the Daresbury Synchrotron Radiation.
Publisher: The Japan Society of High Pressure Science and Technology
Date: 1998
Thermo-compression of pyrope-grossular garnet solid solutions: Non-linear compositional dependence
Publisher: Mineralogical Society of America
Date: 23-12-2014
DOI: 10.2138/AM-2015-4752
Kinetic study of the kaolinite-mullite reaction sequence. Part I: Kaolinite dehydroxylation
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-1995
DOI: 10.1007/BF00202253
The preparation and characterisation of gallium nitride using the Hi-Prexx facility
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2001
Elastic moduli of nc-TiN/a-Si3N4 nanocomposites: Compressible, yet superhard
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2010
NegativeP − T
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 29-07-2011
The Kinetics of Aragonite Formation from Solution via Amorphous Calcium Carbonate
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 23-11-2022
DOI: 10.3390/NANO12234151
Abstract: Magnesium doped Amorphous Calcium Carbonate was synthesised from precursor solutions containing varying amounts of calcium, magnesium, H2O and D2O. The Mg/Ca ratio in the resultant Amorphous Calcium Carbonate was found to vary linearly with the Mg/Ca ratio in the precursor solution. All s les crystallised as aragonite. No Mg was found in the final aragonite crystals. Changes in the Mg to Ca ratio were found to only marginally effect nucleation rates but strongly effect crystal growth rates. These results are consistent with a dissolution-reprecipitation model for aragonite formation via an Amorphous Calcium Carbonate intermediate.
Kinetic study of the kaolinite-mullite reaction sequence. Part II: Mullite formation
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-1995
DOI: 10.1007/BF00202254
Are Returns to R&D in the Global Services Industry Impervious to Business Environment Turbulence?
Publisher: Academy of Management
Date: 06-2022
Following the Crystallization of Microporous Solids Using EDXRD Techniques
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 11-1997
DOI: 10.1021/JP972557F
The use of fast powder diffraction methods to study transformations
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-1990
DOI: 10.1007/BF00721022
The electrical conductivity of albite feldspar: Implications for oceanic lower crustal sequences and subduction zones
Publisher: Mineralogical Society of America
Date: 04-2022
DOI: 10.2138/AM-2021-7836
Abstract: Volatile-sensitive electrical soundings are becoming more widely adopted, with large nationwide arrays currently being acquired globally. This boom in new data is despite several key uncertainties relating to the electrical responses of a wide range of minerals that make up crustal regions. Complications include the influence of mineral chemistry, hydrous or nominally hydrous phases, and oxygen fugacity on charge-carrying ion activity within a mineral substrate. Feldspars are the most abundant mineral group in the Earth’s crust, comprising about 60% of its mineral assemblages and are particularly prevalent within subduction zones and lower crustal sequences. These areas are known locations where ore systems are commonly rooted, making them among the most widely studied regions in the Earth. To date, few studies exist that cover the electrical behavior of the feldspar mineral albite. To help address some of these issues and complications, we have undertaken electrical conductivity investigations on a single crystal of gem-quality albite (Ab49An48Or3) from Nuevo Casas Grande, Chihuahua, Mexico. Electrical conductivity measurements using impedance spectroscopy were performed at a pressure of 1 GPa over a temperature range of 373–1273 K in a multi-anvil high-pressure apparatus. Experiments were carried out using different metal electrodes: molybdenum, nickel, and rhenium to vary the oxygen fugacity during the experiments. FTIR measurements of the starting and final materials confirm that the initial s les are completely dry but absorb an average of 67 ppm H2O by mass during the experiments from the surrounding pressure medium materials. We observe no correlation in the amount of water absorbed in the feldspar to the oxygen fugacity under water-undersaturated conditions. Our investigations show that the activation enthalpy increases from ~0.77 to ~1.0 eV from the nominally hydrous to the completely dry feldspar. The activation enthalpy decreases with increasing oxygen fugacity for comparable water contents. An oxygen fugacity exponent of –0.069 is calculated at the nominal water content measured in the experiments, indicating an electrical conductivity mechanism that also involves the mobility of hydrogen.
Few-layer graphene under high pressure: Raman and X-ray diffraction studies
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2013
Observation of Steady Shear-Induced Nematic Ordering of Selenium Chain Moieties in Arsenic Selenide Liquids
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 04-08-2017
Abstract: Structural anisotropy induced by steady shear and its mechanistic relation with shear thinning are investigated in As
Hydrothermal synthesis of cement phases: Anin situsynchrotron, energy dispersive diffraction study of reaction kinetics and mechanisms
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 05-2001
Characterization of carbon fiber reinforced polymer strengthened concrete and gap detection with a piezoelectric-based sensory technique
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 11-10-2019
Abstract: In this article, a piezoelectric-based sensory technique is proposed for detection of the gap between surfaces of a carbon fiber reinforced polymer plate and a concrete specimen and characterization of shrinkage of early-age concrete. The proposed technique uses the propagation properties of the guided waves in the carbon fiber reinforced polymer plate excited and received by piezoelectric transducers attached to an external surface of the carbon fiber reinforced polymer–strengthened concrete specimen. Measurements are conducted with fresh and hardened early-age concrete specimens and two carbon fiber reinforced polymer plates at different gaps. A piezoelectric actuator is excited using a sine burst signal, and the generated wave is received by a sensor after propagation along the specimen. The received signal at different gap values is used to detect a gap. To quantify the gap, damage indices, including correlation coefficient, peak-to-peak litude of resultant signal, and root-mean-square deviation, are used. The shrinkage of concrete is detected and predicted by comparing the damage indices at different gaps with the indices at different stages of early-age concrete. The proposed technique is relatively simple method using small transducers. It is one-sided, non-destructive, and cost-effective solution for gap detection and concrete characterization.
Extending in situ hydrothermal experiments at the SRS, Daresbury to higher temperatures at the APS, Argonne
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 05-1999
Determination of the variation of the fluorescence line positions of ruby, strontium tetraborate, alexandrite, and samarium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet with pressure and temperature
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 15-07-2011
DOI: 10.1063/1.3608167
Abstract: The pressure and temperature dependent fluorescence line-shift of strontium tetraborate has been measured concurrently with x-ray diffraction from the pressure standards sodium chloride or gold. Temperature was found to have a small effect on the fluorescence line-shift under pressure. We found a maximum pressure uncertainty of ±1.8 GPa at 25 GPa (7.2%) and 857 K when making no temperature correction. The fluorescence line-shifts for ruby, Alexandrite, and samarium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet were also determined, using our strontium tetraborate calibration to determine pressure and a thermocouple to measure temperature. Fluorescence measurements were extended up to 800 K for ruby and Alexandrite. Temperature was found to have a small effect on the fluorescence line-shift of samarium-doped yittrium aluminum garnet. We found a maximum uncertainty of ±2.7 GPa at 25 GPa (11.1%) and 857 K when no temperature correction was applied. We determined equations relating to the fluorescence line position from these data, which include a cross derivative term to account for the combined effect of pressure and temperature. We present a method to independently determine pressure and/or temperature from combined fluorescence line-shift measurements of a pair of optical sensors.
The use of scanning transmission X-ray microscopy for the real-time study of cement hydration
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-1999
A beamline for high-pressure studies at the Advanced Light Source with a superconducting bending magnet as the source
Publisher: International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
Date: 16-08-2005
The development of an automated data analysis system for high-pressure powder diffraction data collected using an area detector
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-2008
A SAXS/WAXS XAFS study of crystallisation in cordierite glass
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 24-07-2002
DOI: 10.1039/B202331H
Abstract: New Cr X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) data have been combined with the results of small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) experiments to probe in detail the crystallisation mechanism in cordierite (Mg2Al4Si5O18) glass doped with 0.34 mol% Cr2O3. By direct comparison with chromo-aluminate spinels (MgCr2xAl2(1 - x)O4) Cr XAFS is used to determine the composition of the devitrified Cr species. This is identified as MgCr(0.18)Al(1.82)O4, which can be directly related to the Cr content in the starting glass and as a result the total crystalline volume in the fully developed ceramic is predicted to be 4%. In situ WAXS not only reveals the presence of the spinel phase but also a silica-rich stuffed quartz phase. This grows independently of the spinel and is probably nucleated from the glass surface. From our knowledge of the compositions of both crystalline phases we are able to deduce that the SAXS contrast between the surrounding glass and the spinel crystallites is 30 times greater than that between the quartz crystallites and the glass matrix, and therefore dominates the measured scattered intensity and the SAXS invariant that is derived from it. As a consequence we are able to show that the spinel crystalline volume fraction inherent in the SAXS is in close agreement with the 4% value obtained from the Cr XAFS. Furthermore in situ SAXS reveals the gradual development of the spinel particle size and shape during heat treatment. This is conducted in the super-cooled region just above the glass transition temperature, Tg. By employing a two-step annealing process nucleation can be separated from growth and from time-resolved SAXS measurements the alumino-chromate nanocrystals are found to be closely monodispersed. Over a total time course of 600 min they grow from rough crystallites to smooth spherical particles of radius 21 +/- 2 nm, with a final density of (1.2 +/- 0.4) x 10(21) m(-3). As the process of ceramic formation takes place in the viscous melt, growth is indeed found to be limited by diffusion and is complete when all the Cr is exhausted. We use this comprehensive in situ study of crystallisation in cordierite glass to demonstrate the advantages of combining SAXS, WAXS and XAFS for probing the time-resolved chemistry, the microstructure and its development from nucleation sites, that underpins the processing of nanoparticle ceramics.
Strain and deformation in ultra-hard nanocomposites nc-TiN/a-BN under hydrostatic pressure
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2006
Corrosion Inhibitory Effects of Mullite in Concrete Exposed to Sulfuric Acid Attack
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 09-2020
DOI: 10.3390/CMD1020014
Abstract: Prolonged exposure to low pH conditions affects the durability of concrete. In this work, the effect of mullite, aluminum silicate, on the strength and the acid corrosion of mortar and concrete under induced accelerated conditions in sulfuric acid solutions at pH of 0.25 and 1 was studied. The characterization of physicochemical changes was performed using techniques including compressive strength, scanning electron microscopy, micro-X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, and the Vickers hardness test. The results indicate that the addition of mullite does not have any significant effect on the overall strength of mortar and concrete s les, while it significantly increases their resistance to corrosion caused by sulfate attack by 90%, therefore, it is expected to increase the life span and decrease the maintenance costs of concrete pipes subjected to acid corrosion in sewer environments. The inhibition efficiency is observed to be sensitive to acid concentration and was improved with increase in the amount of mullite in s les.
Pressure‐induced anomalous behavior of thaumasite crystal
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-02-2020
DOI: 10.1111/JACE.17035
Excess mixing volume, microstrain, and stability of pyrope-grossular garnets
Publisher: Mineralogical Society of America
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.2138/AM-2016-5128
High-pressure behavior of osmium: An analog for iron in Earth’s core
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 06-2012
DOI: 10.1063/1.4726203
Abstract: High-resolution x-ray diffraction with diamond-anvil cells, using argon as a quasi-hydrostatic pressure medium, documents the crystal structure and equation of state of osmium to over 60 GPa at room temperature. We find the zero-pressure bulk modulus in fair agreement with other experiments as well as with relativistic electronic band-structure calculations: Osmium is the densest but not the most incompressible element at ambient conditions. We also find no evidence for anomalies in the ratio of unit-cell parameters, c/a, or in the compressibility of osmium as a function of pressure. This is in agreement with other experiments and quantum mechanical calculations but disagrees with recent claims that the electronic structure and equation of state of osmium exhibit anomalies at pressures of ∼15-25 GPa the discrepancies are may be due to the effects of texturing.
The evolution of strength and crystalline phases for alkali-activated ground blast furnace slag and fly ash-based geopolymers
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2010
Energy-dispersive powder diffraction at the SRS
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-1989
Unravelling the mechanism of pressure induced polyamorphic transition in an inorganic molecular glass
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-03-2020
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-020-61997-X
Abstract: The atomic structure of a germanium doped phosphorous selenide glass of composition Ge 2.8 P 57.7 Se 39.5 is determined as a function of pressure from ambient to 24 GPa using Monte-Carlo simulations constrained by high energy x-ray scattering data. The ambient pressure structure consists primarily of P 4 Se 3 molecules and planar edge shared phosphorus rings, reminiscent of those found in red phosphorous as well as a small fraction of locally clustered corner-sharing GeSe 4 tetrahedra. This low-density amorphous phase transforms into a high-density amorphous phase at ~6.3 GPa. The high-pressure phase is characterized by an extended network structure. The polyamorphic transformation between these two phases involves opening of the P 3 ring at the base of the P 4 Se 3 molecules and subsequent reaction with red phosphorus type moieties to produce a cross linked structure. The compression mechanism of the low-density phase involves increased molecular packing, whereas that of the high pressure phase involves an increase in the nearest-neighbor coordination number while the bond angle distributions broaden and shift to smaller angles. The entropy and volume changes associated with this polyamorphic transformation are positive and negative, respectively, and consequently the corresponding Clapeyron slope for this transition would be negative. This result has far reaching implications in our current understanding of the thermodynamics of polyamorphic transitions in glasses and glass-forming liquids.
Elucidating Structural Mechanisms for Cordierite Ceramic Formation using Synchrotron Radiation
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 1993
DOI: 10.1557/PROC-307-39
Abstract: Cr 2 O 3 is a common nucleating agent useful for forming ceramics from oxide glasses. In this study we have used a variety of synchrotron radiation techniques to examine the atomic structure, crystallinity and microstructure of a magnesium alumino-silicate glass ceramic whose composition is close to that of the mineral cordierite, Mg 2 Al 4 Si 5 O 13 . X-ray Absorption spectra on the Cr K-edge have been performed with s les that were heat treated at different temperatures and times to examine the metamorphosis of the nucleating site. This study reveals that Cr 3+ is always octahedrally coordinated with oxygen. In addition, the second nearest neighbour environment changes from an amorphous, single shell of Al/Si, but upon crystallisation, develops into a well ordered Al/Mg shell indicative of the formation of a dilute Cr spinel phase. Powder X-ray Diffraction (XRD) patterns, however, reveal that the major phase initially precipitated (˜900°C) is a stuffed quartz and from the lattice parameters that the composition is SiO 2 -rich. With prolonged heat treatment a small quantity of a spinel phase emerges whose composition from its lattice parameter is close to MgAl 2 O 4 . Combined Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) and XRD establish that devitrification at these temperatures is associated with particles about 250 Å in size, on average. Energy dispersive powder diffraction patterns were collected in situ to observe changes in crystallinity with temperature and time. From these measurements the stuffed quartz phase identified at 900°C is found to be intermediate, being eventually replaced at higher temperatures by cordierite with a small quantity of spinel.
Apparatus for the in situ kinetic study of reactions involving air sensitive materials using energy-dispersive powder diffraction
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 07-1994
DOI: 10.1063/1.1144729
Abstract: A novel s le chamber has been developed for the study of chemical reactions involving air sensitive s les using energy-dispersive powder diffraction. The apparatus consists of a reaction vessel, automatic reactant dispensing system, heating jacket, stirrer, and gas purge system. The use of this apparatus is illustrated with data collected on station 9.7 of the UK Synchrotron Radiation Source during a study on the intercalation of cobaltocene into tin disulfide.
Size dependence of the pressure-induced γ to α structural phase transition in iron oxide nanocrystals
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 11-10-2005
Pressure induced reactions amongst calcium aluminate hydrate phases
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2011
Review of calculating the electrical conductivity of mineral aggregates from constituent conductivities
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2021
Time-resolved studies of the early hydration of cements using synchrontron energy-dispersive diffraction
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-1992
Thermal equations of state for B1 and B2 KCl
Publisher: Mineralogical Society of America
Date: 07-2002
DOI: 10.2138/AM-2002-0701
Subsolidus phase relations and perovskite compressibility in the system MgO–AlO1.5–SiO2 with implications for Earth's lower mantle
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2006
Hydrothermal formation of the calcium silicate hydrates, tobermorite (Ca5Si6O16(OH)2·4H2O) and xonotlite (Ca6Si6O17(OH)2): an in situ synchrotron study
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2000
Reservoir characteristics and control mechanism of resistivity low-contrast oil pays in Chang 8 tight sandstone of Longdong West area, Ordos Basin
Publisher: No publisher found
Date: 2021
Recycled Blessings: An Investigative Case Study of a Rewrapped Egyptian Votive Mummy Using Novel and Established 3D Imaging Techniques
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-05-2019
DOI: 10.1111/ARCM.12477
Observation of polyamorphism in the phase change alloy Ge1Sb2Te4
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 08-10-2012
DOI: 10.1063/1.4759106
Abstract: A high-pressure synchrotron x-ray diffraction study of the phase change alloy Ge1Sb2Te4 demonstrates the existence of a polyamorphic phase transition between the “as deposited” low density amorphous (LDA) phase and a high density amorphous (HDA) phase at ∼10 GPa. The entropy of the HDA phase is expected to be higher than that of the LDA phase resulting in a negative Clapeyron slope for this transition. These phase relations may enable the polyamorphic transition to play a role in the memory and data storage applications.
Reaction of titanium with carbon in a laser heated diamond anvil cell and reevaluation of a proposed pressure-induced structural phase transition of TiC
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2009
Formation of silica–surfactant mesophases studied by real-time in situ X-ray powder diffraction
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 1995
DOI: 10.1039/C39950002423
Development of a system for measuring the complex impedance of borosilicate glasses at high pressures and temperatures: Application to the study of Li- and Na-doped borosilicate glasses
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2008
Electrical conductivity of B∼4.3C boron carbide up to 9 GPa and 1273 K
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2023
Pressure induced separation of phase-transition-triggered-abrupt vs. gradual components of spin crossover
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1039/C5DT03795F
Abstract: For the first time, the effects of pressure on cobalt( ii ) spin crossover are investigated in detail both magnetically and structurally (including structure determinations).
Thermal, compositional, and compressional demagnetization of cementite
Publisher: Mineralogical Society of America
Date: 11-2015
DOI: 10.2138/AM-2015-5306
High Pressure Complex Impedance Study of a Lithium Fast Ion Glass.
Publisher: The Japan Society of High Pressure Science and Technology
Date: 1998
Fully nonlinear numerical investigations on the dynamics of fluid resonance between multiple bodies in close proximity
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 12-2022
DOI: 10.1063/5.0124470
Abstract: Two-dimensional wave-induced fluid oscillations in two narrow gaps are numerically investigated in the time domain. The arbitrary-Lagrangian–Eulerian finite element model for free-surface flow problems is implemented based on the fully nonlinear potential flow theory. The aim of this study is to study the dynamic evolutions of gap resonance problems with focusing on both the initial transient and the final quasi-steady states, especially for the piston-mode oscillations of fluid bulk in multiple gaps that generally involve multiple response components and the nonlinear dynamic interactions between them. The transient and quasi-steady responses are examined through litude and phase analyses. The radiation d ing and the time-dependent period-averaged phase adjustment are demonstrated to play significant roles in establishing the dynamic equilibrium process from the transient state to the quasi-steady state. The characteristics of the intrinsic synchronization modes of the quasi-steady oscillations allow us to derive the simplified formulas to predict the resonant and anti-resonant frequencies of the two-gaps system (two degrees-of-freedom) based on a simplified model of one degree-of-freedom. The predictive formulas provide useful insights into the dependence of resonant/anti-resonant frequencies on the relevant geometries of floating bodies. Significant nonlinear hardening stiffness behaviors of fluid responses between multiple bodies in close proximity are further demonstrated by different incident wave litudes. The effects of incident wave litudes on the litudes of responses and higher order harmonics are found to be highly dependent on the frequency bands. The contributions of the higher-order harmonics on the overall responses are explained utilizing the Fourier transformations analysis.
High pressure single-crystal micro X-ray diffraction analysis with GSE_ADA/RSV software
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 17-06-2013
Determination of the elastic properties of amorphous materials: Case study of alkali–silica reaction gel
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2013
High pressure equation of state studies using methanol–ethanol–water and argon as pressure media
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2010
Intriguing sequence of GaFeO3
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 19-09-2011
Size dependent compressibility of nano-ceria: Minimum near 33 nm
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 20-04-2015
DOI: 10.1063/1.4918625
Abstract: We report the crystallite-size-dependency of the compressibility of nanoceria under hydrostatic pressure for a wide variety of crystallite diameters and comment on the size-based trends indicating an extremum near 33 nm. Uniform nano-crystals of ceria were synthesized by basic precipitation from cerium (III) nitrate. Size-control was achieved by adjusting mixing time and, for larger particles, a subsequent annealing temperature. The nano-crystals were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and standard ambient x-ray diffraction (XRD). Compressibility, or its reciprocal, bulk modulus, was measured with high-pressure XRD at LBL-ALS, using helium, neon, or argon as the pressure-transmitting medium for all s les. As crystallite size decreased below 100 nm, the bulk modulus first increased, and then decreased, achieving a maximum near a crystallite diameter of 33 nm. We review earlier work and examine several possible explanations for the peaking of bulk modulus at an intermediate crystallite size.
A new data acquisition system for time-resolved powder diffraction
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 08-1990
DOI: 10.1063/1.1141348
Abstract: A new data acquisition system tailored to the rapid collection of time-resolved powder diffraction data has been constructed. It is used for the study of structural phase transitions at the energy-dispersive powder diffraction facility of the UK synchrotron radiation source (SRS). The data acquisition system and some data collected during a study of the 196 °C phase transition in ammonium chloride are presented here.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Microporous Tin Sulfides Studied by Real-Time in Situ Energy-Dispersive X-ray Diffraction
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 1996
DOI: 10.1021/CM960047C
Effects of Fe spin transition on the elasticity of (Mg, Fe)O magnesiowüstites and implications for the seismological properties of the Earth's lower mantle
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 10-2007
DOI: 10.1029/2006JB004730
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University Of Manchester
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